文化行政 102 年法學知識與英文考古題（共 50 題）
資料來源：考選部歷屆試題｜法律人 LawPlayer 整理
https://lawplayer.com/exam/cultural-administration/102-legal-knowledge-english

第 1 題
直轄市市長停職者，由副市長代理，副市長出缺或不能代理者，由何人代理？
(A) 由行政院派員代理
(B) 由市議會議長代理
(C) 由市政府秘書長代理
(D) 由內政部派員代理
正解：A

第 2 題
關於憲法之解釋，應由下列何者為之？
(A) 行政院法規會
(B) 立法院
(C) 監察院
(D) 司法院
正解：D

第 3 題
下列關於憲法修正機關與程序之敘述，何者為現行憲法之設計？
(A) 憲法修正案應由中華民國自由地區選舉人以公民投票方式提出
(B) 憲法修正案應由立法委員依法律案之提出與審議程序提出
(C) 憲法之修改經立法院立法委員四分之三之出席及出席委員四分之三之決議後，即通過之
(D) 憲法修正案須由立法院提出，並於公告半年後，經中華民國自由地區選舉人投票複決，始得通過
正解：D

第 4 題
司法院釋字第613 號解釋認為，國家通訊傳播委員會組織法中規定該會委員原「由各政黨（團）接受各界舉薦，並依其在立法院所占席次比例共推薦十五名、行政院院長推薦三名」，主要有違下列何原則？
(A) 平等原則
(B) 比例原則
(C) 法律保留原則
(D) 權力分立原則
正解：D

第 5 題
以下何機關，為中央行政機關組織基準法所稱之獨立機關？
(A) 行政院農業委員會
(B) 國家通訊傳播委員會
(C) 國防部
(D) 行政院衛生署
正解：B

第 6 題
有關憲法第23 條規定，人民權利得以法律限制之敘述，下列何者正確？
(A) 僅指立法院通過，總統公布之法律
(B) 指立法院通過，總統公布之法律，或經法律具體明確授權發布之法規命令
(C) 行政機關得訂定行政規則限制人民之基本權利
(D) 地方自治團體不得制定自治條例限制地方人民之基本權利
正解：B

第 7 題
憲法第23 條所稱之「必要」，屬於下列何種原則？
(A) 比例原則
(B) 依法行政原則
(C) 明確性原則
(D) 裁量原則
正解：A

第 8 題
各大學院校教師關於教師升等之評審，依司法院釋字第462 號解釋，受評審之教師於依教師法或訴願法用盡救濟途徑後，仍有不服者，為保障其訴訟權，仍可循下列何途徑請求救濟？
(A) 經與任職大學院校協議不成後，向民事法院提起民事訴訟
(B) 向行政法院提起行政訴訟
(C) 向司法院公務員懲戒委員會聲明異議
(D) 向司法院大法官聲請統一解釋法令
正解：B

第 9 題
下列何者不屬於憲法第8 條人身自由之保障範圍？
(A) 警察對人民實施通訊監察
(B) 行政強制執行之管收
(C) 違反社會秩序維護法之拘留
(D) 犯罪嫌疑人之逮捕
正解：A

第 10 題
依公職人員選舉罷免法第128 條之規定，選舉、罷免訴訟程序，原則上準用下列何種法律進行？
(A) 刑事訴訟法
(B) 民事訴訟法
(C) 行政訴訟法
(D) 非訟事件法
正解：B

第 11 題
房屋所有權人應提供私有騎樓供公眾通行，得不另發給補償金。關於其法理，下列敘述何者正確？
(A) 未喪失所有權而無須補償
(B) 人民之財產權負有未逾比例原則之社會義務
(C) 缺乏相關補償之法令依據
(D) 基於財政考量而無須補償
正解：B

第 12 題
下列何者不屬於訴訟權保障之核心領域？
(A) 受公平審判之權利
(B) 受及時審判之權利
(C) 受三級三審之審級制度保障權利
(D) 聽審請求權
正解：C

第 13 題
依司法院大法官解釋，下列何者與憲法第7 條所保障之平等權有違？
(A) 民國89 年修正公布之臺灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例中，規定大陸地區人民經許可進入臺灣地區者，非在臺灣地區設有戶籍滿10 年，不得擔任公務人員
(B) 中央警察大學91 學年度研究所碩士班入學考試招生簡章規定，以有無色盲作為能否取得入學資格之條件
(C) 民國93 年修正公布之遺產及贈與稅法中，僅規定配偶間之贈與，免徵贈與稅；但對於尚無法律上婚姻關係之異性伴侶間之贈與，無免徵贈與稅之規定
(D) 民國80 年制定公布之社會秩序維護法中，在性交易過程中，對支付對價之相對人未有處罰規定，而僅處罰意圖得利之一方
正解：D

第 14 題
司法院依據憲法規定，並未擁有下列何種權限？
(A) 解釋憲法
(B) 統一解釋法律
(C) 統一解釋命令
(D) 制定法律
正解：D

第 15 題
下列考試中，何者不是考試院掌理的考試？
(A) 普通考試
(B) 高等考試
(C) 專門職業及技術人員考試
(D) 大學入學考試
正解：D

第 16 題
依司法院大法官釋字第472 號，國家為謀社會福利應實施社會保險制度；…惟對於無力繳納保費者，國家應給予適當之救助…。此點為以下何種基本權功能？
(A) 人民的義務
(B) 程序保障功能
(C) 國家保護義務功能
(D) 基本權的防禦功能
正解：C

第 17 題
民法結婚要件自97 年5 月23 日起修正為「應由雙方當事人向戶政機關為結婚之登記」，下列何者並非修正理由？
(A) 原儀式婚主義公示效果薄弱，易衍生重婚問題
(B) 結婚登記可公示夫妻關係，減少婚外情
(C) 原儀式婚主義下，公開結婚儀式的認定常生爭議
(D) 離婚採登記主義，衍生結婚未辦登記者，須先補辦結婚登記才可離婚的荒謬現象
正解：A

第 18 題
有關勞工保險失能補助費請領要件的描述，下列何者錯誤？
(A) 須經治療後，症狀固定，再行治療仍不能期待其治療效果者
(B) 須經特約醫院診斷為永久失能者
(C) 須符合失能給付標準者
(D) 經評估為終身無工作能力者
正解：D

第 19 題
依司法院大法官釋字第694 號，所得稅法規定扶養其他親屬或家屬須未滿20 歲或年滿60 歲始得減除免稅額，係違反下列何種原則？
(A) 比例原則
(B) 平等原則
(C) 信賴保護原則
(D) 裁量權正當行使原則
正解：B

第 20 題
關於侵權責任，下列敘述何者錯誤？
(A) 僱用人對受僱人執行職務所生的損害，必須負起疏於監督的侵權責任
(B) 百貨公司對電梯瑕疵所引起顧客的損害，必須負起疏於維護的侵權責任
(C) 定作人對於承攬人因施作勞務所生的損害，必須負起疏於監督的侵權責任
(D) 父母對小孩打破別人窗戶，必須負起疏於監督的侵權責任
正解：C

第 21 題
社團總會之召集程序或決議方法，違反法令或章程之法律效果為何？
(A) 無效
(B) 社員得以意思表示撤銷之
(C) 出席社員當場表示異議者，得於決議後3 個月內，請求法院撤銷其決議
(D) 效力未定
正解：C

第 22 題
下列關於法定代理人的敘述，何者正確？
(A) 胎兒為繼承人時，生母為胎兒的法定代理人，處理遺產分割事宜
(B) 父母為未成年子女之法定代理人，可任意處分未成年子女之特有財產
(C) 監護人為未成年之受監護人的法定代理人，可替代父母行使一切親權
(D) 夫妻在婚姻關係存續中，就夫妻財產所生之法律事項，互為法定代理人
正解：A

第 23 題
甲受死亡宣告後，生存歸來，經法院撤銷死亡宣告，發現其妻乙已經與丙結婚，請問後婚之效力為何？
(A) 只要乙善意，後婚即有效
(B) 只要丙善意，後婚即有效
(C) 必須乙與丙均善意，後婚才有效
(D) 縱使乙與丙均惡意，後婚仍然有效
正解：C

第 24 題
下列關於刑事責任之敘述，何者正確？
(A) 故意行為之處罰，以有特別規定者，為限
(B) 行為人對於構成犯罪之事實，預見其發生而其發生並不違背其本意者，以過失論
(C) 行為人對於構成犯罪之事實，雖預見其能發生而確信其不發生者，以故意論
(D) 除有正當理由而無法避免者外，不得因不知法律而免除刑事責任
正解：D

第 25 題
刑法第122 條第1 項規定「公務員或仲裁人對於違背職務之行為，要求、期約或收受賄賂，或其他不正利益者，處3 年以上10 年以下有期徒刑，得併科7 千元以下罰金。」下列何者並非本條之「公務員」？
(A) 取締違規之交通警察
(B) 戶政事務所承辦戶籍登記案件之人員
(C) 公立醫院負責看診之醫生
(D) 民選之縣市議會議員
正解：C

第 26 題
依行政組織之概念，衛生福利部中央健康保險署之性質為下列何者？
(A) 行政機關
(B) 國營事業
(C) 行政法人
(D) 醫療機構
正解：A

第 27 題
依司法院大法官解釋，下列何者屬於應由法律直接規範之「國會保留」（絕對法律保留）的事項？
(A) 役男入出境的管理
(B) 消滅時效制度
(C) 空氣污染防制費的徵收標準
(D) 全民健康保險不給付的診療服務及藥品項目
正解：B

第 28 題
依中央法規標準法之規定，下列何者為法律之名稱：
(A) 辦法
(B) 規則
(C) 通則
(D) 細則
正解：C

第 29 題
法院於審理繼承事件中，進行DNA 檢驗以確認血緣關係之行為，屬法律適用過程的何種活動？
(A) 認定事實
(B) 解釋法律要件
(C) 涵攝事實與法律要件得出法律效果
(D) 執行法律效果
正解：A

第 30 題
所謂「私不舉，官不究」是指司法機關在適用法律時，那一種原則的表現？
(A) 一事不二罰原則
(B) 一事不再理原則
(C) 法官不得類推適用
(D) 不告不理原則
正解：D

第 31 題
The woman sued her company for gender       because she was laid off for her pregnancy.
(A) distinction
(B) discrimination
(C) inspection
(D) examination
正解：B

第 32 題
Mike started a slow recovery process to _____ at home after being hospitalized for a serious stroke for two months.
(A) conciliate
(B) proliferate
(C) rehabilitate
(D) scintillate
正解：A

第 33 題
Many people took       surgery to make themselves look prettier.
(A) electric
(B) historic
(C) realistic
(D) plastic
正解：D

第 34 題
It is customary that Chinese       red color with good luck.
(A) associate
(B) communicate
(C) operate
(D) resolve
正解：A

第 35 題
Although the company did not make profits this season, the manager is still       about the prospect.
(A) imaginative
(B) optimistic
(C) realistic
(D) objective
正解：B

第 36 題
Jewish teaching says that at death the body returns to God, so funerals take place within 24 hours to get thethere all the quicker.
(A) adherent
(B) deceased
(C) eccentric
(D) veteran請依下文回答第37 題至第40 題：Robert Frost (1874-1963) is one of the most well-known 20th century American poets. People like to talk about hisnature poems, which seem to show a spontaneous love of nature and simple little pleasures in life. But little do mostpeople know about the   37   side of the great poet’s life. Robert Frost lost his first son and second daughter when theywere little. And in his sixties, two years after his beloved wife’s death, his son, long   38   from depression andsuspiciousness, committed suicide with a deer hunting rifle. In his last years,   39   still keeping a terribly busy andactive public life, he was tortured by pneumonia, cancer, and embolism. Having learned about the   40   of the poet,we can finally fully appreciate the death wish shown in one of his famous poems of his last years, “Stopping by Woodson a Snowy Evening.”
正解：B

第 37 題
(A)organic
(B)optimistic
(C)symbolic
(D)traumatic
(A) organic
(B) optimistic
(C) symbolic
(D) traumatic
正解：D

第 38 題
(A)refraining
(B)issuing
(C)suffering
(D)coming
(A) refraining
(B) issuing
(C) suffering
(D) coming
正解：C

第 39 題
(A)as
(B)while
(C)yet
(D)because of
(A) as
(B) while
(C) yet
(D) because of
正解：B

第 40 題
(A)myths
(B)morals
(C)misfortunes
(D)mistakes請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題：Many people feel jealous from time to time. Jealousy is easy to deal with, once you understand what it’s teachingyou. Here are some pointers on working through your feelings of jealousy.First of all, you should understand your emotions. Jealousy is a combination of fear and anger; a fear of losingsomething, and anger that someone is “moving in on” something that you feel belongs only to you. When you startfeeling jealous, ask yourself: is it more fear based, or more anger based? If you feel a dropping or clutching sensation inyour stomach, it’s probably fear. If you feel a burning, tight sensation in your shoulders and jaw, then you’re likelyfeeling anger. You might also feel a combination of those sensations.Secondly, understand that jealousy can alert you to what you want, and what is important to you. If you’re jealous ofsomeone talking to a friend of yours, personal relationships may be important to you. If you’re jealous about money, youmay have an underlying need for security. When you begin to understand what makes you jealous, you can begin to takepositive steps to maintain those things, without the cloud of negative emotion that accompanies jealousy.
(A) myths
(B) morals
(C) misfortunes
(D) mistakes請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題：Many people feel jealous from time to time. Jealousy is easy to deal with, once you understand what it’s teachingyou. Here are some pointers on working through your feelings of jealousy.First of all, you should understand your emotions. Jealousy is a combination of fear and anger; a fear of losingsomething, and anger that someone is “moving in on” something that you feel belongs only to you. When you startfeeling jealous, ask yourself: is it more fear based, or more anger based? If you feel a dropping or clutching sensation inyour stomach, it’s probably fear. If you feel a burning, tight sensation in your shoulders and jaw, then you’re likelyfeeling anger. You might also feel a combination of those sensations.Secondly, understand that jealousy can alert you to what you want, and what is important to you. If you’re jealous ofsomeone talking to a friend of yours, personal relationships may be important to you. If you’re jealous about money, youmay have an underlying need for security. When you begin to understand what makes you jealous, you can begin to takepositive steps to maintain those things, without the cloud of negative emotion that accompanies jealousy.
正解：C

第 41 題
After the disastrous flooding in Thailand, the dead poultry and the messy environment are now a _____ threat ofinfectious disease.
(A) flattering
(B) caculating
(C) looming
(D) yielding
正解：B

第 42 題
The government officials promised to find out who should have been held _____ for the 250 deaths in the planecrash tragedy.
(A) accountable
(B) discernable
(C) indispensable
(D) vulnerable
正解：A

第 43 題
The photo awards are not so much about the award winners as about the power of a photograph, simple andunadorned, to tell a story in ways that words cannot.
(A) The photo awards are given to the winners who can inspire the power of pictures they take.
(B) The photo awards are more a celebration of the power of photographs than the talents of photographers.
(C) The photo awards are given to those who can tell simple and straightforward stories.
(D) Those who cannot tell a story in ways that words cannot will be the winners in the photo contest.
正解：A

第 44 題
Poetry is as universal as language and almost as ancient.
(A) Poetry is as universal as language and is almost as old as language.
(B) Poetry is almost as universal as an ancient language.
(C) Poetry is almost as old as a universal language.
(D) Poetry is as old as language and is almost as universal as language.
正解：A

第 45 題
Museums should not only be a place to see art but, thanks to their architectural quality, should be an aestheticexperience in themselves.
(A) More than a place to display art, museums themselves are recognized as a piece of art.
(B) People can experience a trip of beauty if they know the value of architectural quality.
(C) Items displayed in museums are installed in the buildings by skillful architects.
(D) Architecture is by nature a form of art that is part of museum collections.
正解：B

第 46 題
It is considered common knowledge that rocks are stationary objects that have stayed put for thousands of years.
(A) It is commonly known that rocks are things staying unmoved at the same place for ages.
(B) It is well known that stationery which is made with stones can stay and last for a very long time.
(C) As we have studied rocks for so many years, knowledge of rocks is considered to be ordinary and general.
(D) It is shocking to find that so many big stones have been piled up in the area for thousands of years.
正解：C

第 47 題
With the company struggling for many years, Mr. Smith finally sold it to a competitor at a fire-sale price.
(A) Though the business was in trouble, Mr. Smith would not sell his company to another competitor.
(B) In spite of having made efforts to improve his business, Mr. Smith sold it to another company at a very low price.
(C) The competitor set a fire to burn down Mr. Smith’s company, but he worked hard and managed to save it.
(D) Mr. Smith worked so hard for the company; despite this, he was fired in the end due to slow economy.We are taught not to judge a book by its cover. But studies of brain seem to suggest that this is exactly what we do inour everyday life; our default cognitive system is configured to choose novel things over the old ones and beautiful thingsover plain-looking ones.Bianca Wittmann, a British neuroscientist, scanned the brains of 20 video game players while they played a game inwhich the goal was to accumulate money. In each trial of the game, four pictures were presented to the participants, witheach featuring a different mountain view. The participants were then asked to choose one picture. After the game had goneon for a while, the participants would realize that one of the four pictures, if chosen, would grant the participants a cashpayoff. Wittmann observed that every time the participants selected an image that would lead to a monetary reward, theneurons or brain cells in a region in their brain called “the striatum”—known to process feelings of pleasure andreward—were activated in anticipation of their cash prize. At one point of the game, Wittmann added new pictures ofsimilar mountain views to each trial. Interestingly, instead of choosing the “old” images that would grant them the cashreward, the participants, including the known moneymakers, chose the novel images over the old ones nearly in all cases.Furthermore, the neurons in the striatum were activated as they chose the novel images.According to Wittmann, this means that the participants treated these novel images with the same degree ofexcitement, suggesting that our desire to explore new experiences and things perks up the reward system of our brains. So,what is the implication of this finding for marketers of a given product? Well, marketers may be able to bolster the salesof the product simply by repackaging it. Wittmann also warned marketers that although novelty may temporarily boostthe sales, they would go down once the customers learn that nothing but the packaging has changed.請依上文回答第48 題至第50 題
正解：A

第 48 題
What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
(A) Never judge a book by its cover.
(B) Do not deceive your consumers.
(C) Our brains like new things.
(D) There is an alternative way to look into our consumption behaviors.
正解：D

第 49 題
What does the underlined word “bolster” in the last paragraph mean?
(A) Promote
(B) Control
(C) Supplement
(D) Boycott
正解：A

第 50 題
Which of the following statements best captures the author’s view on repackaging old products as a marketingstrategy?
(A) It will not help promote the products at all.
(B) The author has contradictory ideas about the effect of this marketing strategy.
(C) It is a great strategy that can perfectly exploit consumers’ fascination with things they consider fresh.
(D) It is an effective way to boost the sales of products, but it can only attract the consumers’ interest for a short term.
正解：A

題目與答案為考試當年公告版本，實務標準請以現行規範為準。