法律廉政/法律政風 108 年法學知識與英文考古題（共 50 題）
資料來源：考選部歷屆試題｜法律人 LawPlayer 整理
https://lawplayer.com/exam/legal-integrity/108-legal-knowledge-english

第 1 題
關於人民違反行政法上義務之裁罰，下列何者得由行政機關依職權以命令訂之？
(A) 處罰對象
(B) 處罰之法律效果
(C) 裁罰基準
(D) 處罰之構成要件
正解：C

第 2 題
依司法院大法官解釋意旨，關於徵收私人土地所應踐行之正當行政程序，下列敘述何者錯誤？
(A) 不僅適用於徵收前及徵收時，亦應擴及於徵收後之階段
(B) 徵收計畫確定前，應給予土地所有權人陳述意見之機會
(C) 徵收核准時，應踐行徵收處分公告及書面通知土地所有權人之程序
(D) 徵收完成後，應即時公告被徵收土地所有權移轉登記辦理完竣資訊
正解：D

第 3 題
依司法院大法官解釋，下列敘述何者與憲法保障人民工作權之意旨不符？
(A) 已聘任之教師有教師法規定行為不檢有損師道者，應報請主管教育行政機關核准後，予以解聘、停聘或不續聘
(B) 限制公務員於離職後一定期間內，選擇營利事業特定職務之自由
(C) 對於未肇事拒絕接受酒測之職業駕駛人，吊銷其持有各級車類之駕駛執照，且3 年內不得考領
(D) 針對經主管機關限期整理之人民團體，依據督導各級人民團體實施辦法，停止其理監事之職權
正解：D

第 4 題
下列何者非屬憲法增修條文第10 條明定之內容？
(A) 中小型經濟事業之扶助
(B) 促進現代和傳統醫藥之研究發展
(C) 國民體育健康活動之促進
(D) 保障軍人退役後之就學
正解：C

第 5 題
依司法院大法官解釋意旨，下列何者非憲法服公職權之保障主體？
(A) 立法委員
(B) 國立大學專任教授
(C) 志願役預備士官
(D) 退休公務人員
正解：B

第 6 題
下列何者並非保障言論自由的主要目的？
(A) 追求真理
(B) 維持社會秩序
(C) 健全民主程序
(D) 促進自我實現
正解：B

第 7 題
憲法增修條文第4 條第2 項「各政黨當選名單中，婦女不得低於二分之一」之規定，涉及下列何種基本權利？
(A) 選舉權
(B) 創制權
(C) 複決權
(D) 公民投票權
正解：A

第 8 題
依司法院釋字第448 號解釋之見解，我國法院之審判系統係採行：
(A) 一級一審制度
(B) 二級二審制度
(C) 一元訴訟制度
(D) 二元訴訟制度
正解：D

第 9 題
下列關於選舉、罷免、創制、複決之事項，何者憲法並未明文授權以法律定之？
(A) 各種選舉婦女應當選之名額
(B) 人民被選舉之資格
(C) 選舉訴訟審判之程序
(D) 創制、複決之行使
正解：C

第 10 題
依司法院釋字第485 號解釋，促進民生福祉乃憲法基本原則之一，其依據不包括下列何者？
(A) 憲法基本國策之規定
(B) 憲法前言
(C) 憲法增修條文第10 條之規定
(D) 憲法第15 條生存權保障之規定
正解：D

第 11 題
依司法院釋字第520 號解釋，行政院因重要政策變更涉及法定預算之停止執行，下列敘述何者錯誤？
(A) 行政院院長應向立法院提出報告
(B) 行政院院長或有關部會首長應至立法院備質詢
(C) 立法院反對行政院停止執行預算之決議，具有確認法定預算之作用
(D) 行政院如不願接受立法院之反對決議，行政院院長應即辭職
正解：D

第 12 題
依憲法增修條文第4 條之規定，下列關於立法委員選舉制度之敘述，何者錯誤？
(A) 合格選民可以投兩票
(B) 直轄市、縣市之選舉區，每區只能選出一名立法委員
(C) 得到超過百分之五以上政黨選舉票之政黨，才能分配全國不分區立法委員席次
(D) 各政黨提出之不分區立法委員候選名單，婦女不得低於二分之一
正解：D

第 13 題
依司法院大法官解釋，關於法官聲請釋憲，下列敘述何者錯誤？
(A) 依法公布施行之法律，法官應以其為審判之依據，故不得認定法律為違憲而逕行拒絕適用
(B) 法官於審理案件時，對於應適用之法律，依其合理之確信，認為有牴觸憲法之疑義者，應許其先行聲請解釋憲法
(C) 為避免法官濫用聲請解釋憲法權限，故僅限於終審法院之法官方得聲請之
(D) 欲聲請大法官解釋時，須以其為先決問題裁定停止訴訟程序，並提出客觀上形成確信法律為違憲之具體理由
正解：C

第 14 題
下列有關監察院職權之敘述，何者錯誤？
(A) 監察院享有調查權
(B) 監察院不得向立法院提出法律案
(C) 監察院不得向立法院提出預算案
(D) 監察院受理特定公職人員之財產申報
正解：B

第 15 題
依司法院釋字第550 號解釋，下列敘述何者錯誤？
(A) 法律之實施須由地方負擔經費者，立法院應予地方政府人員列席此類立法程序表示意見之機會
(B) 全民健康保險法第27 條所定之補助各類被保險人保險費之比例，屬於立法裁量事項
(C) 全民健康保險法第27 條規定由地方自治團體補助之保險費，係指實施全民健康保險法之執行費用
(D) 對地方負有協力義務之全民健康保險事項，中央得依據法律使地方分擔保險費之補助
正解：C

第 16 題
下列有關國際法與國內法之敘述，何者錯誤？
(A) 聯合國憲章為國際法
(B) 涉外民事法律適用法為國內法
(C) 國際法效力優於國內法
(D) 國際條約經國內立法機關同意後直接拘束國內各機關
正解：C

第 17 題
法律禁止溯及既往原則，係屬法律之何種效力限制？
(A) 人的效力
(B) 物的效力
(C) 地的效力
(D) 時的效力
正解：D

第 18 題
我國性別工作平等法中所訂「育嬰留職停薪」制度之適用人數門檻是：
(A) 僱用員工50 人以上之事業單位
(B) 僱用員工30 人以上之事業單位
(C) 沒有僱用員工人數之上限
(D) 僱用員工15 人以上之事業單位
正解：C

第 19 題
依中央法規標準法之規定，下列何者非應廢止法規之情形？
(A) 機關裁併，有關法規無保留之必要
(B) 同一事項有數法規規定者
(C) 法規規定之事項因情勢變遷，無繼續施行之必要者
(D) 法規因有關法規之廢止或修正致失其依據，而無單獨施行之必要者
正解：B

第 20 題
下列何者適用行政程序法之程序規定？
(A) 主管機關與公費生簽訂行政契約
(B) 考選部關於國家考試之命題行為
(C) 外國人出入境事項
(D) 行政機關對所屬公務人員為記過一次之懲處
正解：A

第 21 題
關於法律不溯及既往原則，下列敘述何者錯誤？
(A) 新訂之法規，原則上不得適用於該法規生效前業已終結之事實或法律關係
(B) 倘新法規所規範之法律關係，跨越新、舊法規施行時期，而構成要件事實於新法規生效施行後始完全實現者，除法規別有規定外，應適用新法規
(C) 將新法規適用於舊法規施行時期內已發生，且於新法規施行後始終結之事實或法律關係，乃新法規之溯及適用，若有減損規範對象既存之有利法律地位或可得預期之利益，為法律不溯及既往原則所禁止
(D) 如法律有溯及適用之特別規定，且溯及適用之結果有利於人民者，非法律不溯及既往原則所禁止
正解：C

第 22 題
依司法院大法官解釋意旨，偵查中之犯罪嫌疑人及其辯護人僅受告知羈押事由所據之事實，最可能違反下列何種原則？
(A) 正當法律程序原則
(B) 信賴保護原則
(C) 比例原則
(D) 誠實信用原則
正解：A

第 23 題
人民有依法律納稅之義務，此與下列何項憲法原則關係最為密切？
(A) 權力分立原則
(B) 法治國原則
(C) 社會國原則
(D) 共和國原則
正解：B

第 24 題
依民法規定，下列何者有受限制的行為能力？
(A) 已結婚之18 歲甲男
(B) 受監護宣告之40 歲乙女
(C) 受輔助宣告之60 歲丙男
(D) 30 歲之植物人丁男
正解：C

第 25 題
依民法規定，下列何者非屬貸與人得終止使用借貸契約之事由？
(A) 借用人受監護宣告者
(B) 貸與人因不可預知之情事，自己需用借用物者
(C) 借用人未經貸與人同意允許第三人使用借用物者
(D) 因借用人怠於善良管理人注意，致借用物毀損或有毀損之虞者
正解：A

第 26 題
甲、乙夫妻未約定夫妻財產制，甲積欠銀行卡債新臺幣500 萬元，尚積欠地下錢莊新臺幣20 萬元。下列何種狀況，不能向法院聲請宣告改用分別財產制？
(A) 甲名下的財產不足清償其債務，乙欲向法院聲請宣告改用分別財產制
(B) 銀行法務得知乙婚後購得房屋一棟，欲聲請法院宣告甲、乙改採分別財產制，再進一步代位甲行使剩餘財產分配請求權
(C) 甲每月花新臺幣20 萬元包養外遇對象，對乙之剩餘財產分配請求權有侵害之虞時，乙欲向法院聲請宣告改用分別財產制
(D) 甲四處躲債，且時常有黑道上門恐嚇討債，導致甲、乙難於維持共同生活，不同居已達1 年，乙欲向法院聲請宣告改用分別財產制
正解：B

第 27 題
甲、乙、丙共有L 地，分割為L1、L2 及L3 三地，分別由甲、乙及丙取得單獨所有。丙的L3 與公路無適宜的聯絡，致不能為通常使用。下列敘述何者正確？
(A) 丙得通行L1 或L2 而不須支付費用
(B) 甲、乙均得拒絕丙的通行
(C) 丙須支付費用始得要求通行L1 或L2
(D) 當事人就通行費用不能合意時，得聲請法院定之
正解：A

第 28 題
民國（以下同）99 年10 月10 日上午，83 歲的甲男失蹤。法院於受理其親屬的死亡宣告聲請，經法定公示催告程序後，應裁判宣告甲於何時死亡？
(A) 100 年10 月9 日下午12 時
(B) 102 年10 月10 日下午12 時
(C) 104 年10 月10 日下午12 時
(D) 106 年10 月9 日下午12 時
正解：B

第 29 題
下列關於財團法人之敘述，何者錯誤？
(A) 屬於他律法人
(B) 屬於公益法人
(C) 重要管理方法不具備時，由目的事業主管機關酌定之
(D) 於登記前，應得主管機關之許可
正解：C

第 30 題
依全民健康保險法之規定，下列關於保險費負擔之敘述，何者正確？
(A) 受雇於私立高中之數學教師甲，負擔30%之保險費，其餘70%由學校負擔
(B) 受雇於公立高中之國文教師乙，負擔30%之保險費，35%由學校負擔，政府則負擔35%
(C) 受雇於民營企業之丙，負擔30%之保險費，民營企業負擔60%，政府負擔10%
(D) 合於社會救助法所規定之中低收入戶丁，接受中央役政主管機關全額補助
正解：C

第 31 題
I like to go to the cinema when I am in the     for it.
(A) motive
(B) mind
(C) mood
(D) notion
正解：C

第 32 題
The job provides fantastic benefits, including insurance, meals, vacations, and. Thus, a retirement plan isin place.tension
(B) ransom
(C) resume
(D) pension
正解：D

第 33 題
I suggest you study in the library where you would have fewer _____ than in other places.
(A) frustrations
(B) obstructions
(C) distractions
(D) instructions
正解：C

第 34 題
The sales manager is leaving this week, _____ to get a higher paid job in an international company.
(A) presumably
(B) considerately
(C) legally
(D) hysterically
正解：A

第 35 題
A little girl _____ argues with an adult for his rude behavior in the museum. Her language expressions are veryfluent and appropriate.
(A) ambiguously
(B) consciously
(C) dependently
(D) eloquently
正解：D

第 36 題
Psychologists found that people addicted to alcohol cannot go back to _____ drinking.
(A) desperate
(B) fortunate
(C) immediate
(D) moderate
正解：D

第 37 題
The United Kingdom has long been _____ to cut its tie with the European Union mainly because of the issues ofrefugee flows and economic migrants.
(A) bald
(B) keen
(C) sleek
(D) tepid
正解：B

第 38 題
I don't believe he had the       to take the credit! He didn't even move a finger in the project.
(A) cheek
(B) check
(C) creek
(D) click
正解：A

第 39 題
The doctor warned the parents that the new born baby cannot _____ hard food, such as crackers.
(A) digest
(B) differ
(C) diffuse
(D) discover
正解：A

第 40 題
To show respect to the Muslim belief, shorts are _____ out of the question when you visit a mosque.
(A) scarcely
(B) unlikely
(C) relatively
(D) definitely請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題：Whether it’s a beach getaway or a camping trip, animal encounters — some potentially dangerous — can happen onany vacation. According to the experts, the secret to   41   a dangerous animal encounter, like one with a shark, bearor rattlesnake, is to not panic. “Easier said than done, and sounds obvious, but seriously, try and keep your cool,” Ms.Levin said. The best thing to do during such an encounter is to   42   yourself slowly from the scene if you can.If you come face-to-face with a bear, mountain lion or coyote, do your best to look   43  . Stand tall, huddle together,open your coats, and raise your backpack overhead. In addition, do not feed wild animals; the more you feed them, themore they grow   44   humans, and stick around people — which leads to people treating them like   45   andtrying to poison, trap, or kill them. In general, it's better if wild animals retain a healthy fear of (and distance from)humans in densely populated places.
正解：D

第 41 題
(A)seducing
(B)suffering
(C)surviving
(D)solving
(A) seducing
(B) suffering
(C) surviving
(D) solving
正解：C

第 42 題
(A)exclude
(B)remove
(C)distinguish
(D)erase
(A) exclude
(B) remove
(C) distinguish
(D) erase
正解：B

第 43 題
(A)imposing
(B)involving
(C)impatient
(D)inefficient
(A) imposing
(B) involving
(C) impatient
(D) inefficient
正解：A

第 44 題
(A)He always disrupted his neighbors’ work during the day.
(B)He also helped to wake his neighbors up when there was a need.
(C)He got very grumpy and everybody was annoyed with him.
(D)He got very ill and could not work at all.
(A) He always disrupted his neighbors’ work during the day.
(B) He also helped to wake his neighbors up when there was a need.
(C) He got very grumpy and everybody was annoyed with him.
(D) He got very ill and could not work at all.
正解：B

第 45 題
(A)pals
(B)pets
(C)pests
(D)peers請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題：Wherever you go in France, the country’s artistic heritage is very much in evidence. France does have her share of uglyurban sprawl and unlovely out-of-town hypermarkets, but these are eclipsed by her wealth of beautifully restored andmaintained historic buildings which, together with striking new architecture and works of art, are part of the fabric ofeveryday life.France has had an important role throughout the history of western art which began with the cave painters of theDordogne, long before their land became a nation. From the Renaissance onwards French kings invited the finestEuropean painters to decorate their palaces, and Paris became the center of nearly all important artistic developments,whether the artists concerned were French or not.It was only in the nineteenth century that French painters formed a distinctively French movement that was far moreinfluential than the Flemish, German and Italian schools of previous centuries. The impressionists and their successorsradically altered the direction of European art, attracting even more foreign artists to Paris.Since the seventeenth century, when the Academies of painting and sculpture, and architecture were founded,architecture and the visual arts have been a central concern of the French state. Today, the Ministry of Culture ishoused in the elegant seventeenth-century Palais-Royal, alongside two of the nation’s highest institutions, the ConseilConstitutionnel and the Conseil d’Etat, exemplifying the belief of Catherine Trautmann, the culture minister from 1997to 2000, that “culture is at the heart of our democratic system.” This sentiment echoes the aims of her predecessors whoinclude de Gaulle’s post-war minister Andre Malraux and Mitterrand’s innovative and daring minister, Jack Lang, bothof whom wanted to enrich the lives of ordinary citizens.
(A) pals
(B) pets
(C) pests
(D) peers請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題：Wherever you go in France, the country’s artistic heritage is very much in evidence. France does have her share of uglyurban sprawl and unlovely out-of-town hypermarkets, but these are eclipsed by her wealth of beautifully restored andmaintained historic buildings which, together with striking new architecture and works of art, are part of the fabric ofeveryday life.France has had an important role throughout the history of western art which began with the cave painters of theDordogne, long before their land became a nation. From the Renaissance onwards French kings invited the finestEuropean painters to decorate their palaces, and Paris became the center of nearly all important artistic developments,whether the artists concerned were French or not.It was only in the nineteenth century that French painters formed a distinctively French movement that was far moreinfluential than the Flemish, German and Italian schools of previous centuries. The impressionists and their successorsradically altered the direction of European art, attracting even more foreign artists to Paris.Since the seventeenth century, when the Academies of painting and sculpture, and architecture were founded,architecture and the visual arts have been a central concern of the French state. Today, the Ministry of Culture ishoused in the elegant seventeenth-century Palais-Royal, alongside two of the nation’s highest institutions, the ConseilConstitutionnel and the Conseil d’Etat, exemplifying the belief of Catherine Trautmann, the culture minister from 1997to 2000, that “culture is at the heart of our democratic system.” This sentiment echoes the aims of her predecessors whoinclude de Gaulle’s post-war minister Andre Malraux and Mitterrand’s innovative and daring minister, Jack Lang, bothof whom wanted to enrich the lives of ordinary citizens.
正解：C

第 46 題
What is the passage mainly about?
(A) The origin of European art.
(B) The ancient buildings of Paris.
(C) The importance of art to the French.
(D) The development of architecture in France.
正解：C

第 47 題
According to the passage, which of the following is true about France?
(A) She has the rich people share their wealth with the poor.
(B) She combines old and new elements in shaping her culture.
(C) She skillfully hides the ugly parts of the country from tourists.
(D) She replaces the historical buildings with modern architectural projects.
正解：B

第 48 題
According to the passage, which of the following is true about the "Dordogne"?
(A) It is an association of painters who served French kings.
(B) It is a place famous for its prehistoric cave paintings.
(C) It is a method used to decorate the palaces in the Renaissance.
(D) It is a country defeated by France in the seventeenth century.
正解：B

第 49 題
According to the passage, what did French artists achieve in the nineteenth century?
(A) They applied the features of different forms of art to French architecture.
(B) They challenged the art establishment and started a new approach to painting.
(C) They supported the European artists to begin their careers as the impressionists.
(D) They promoted the value of art democracy which attracted the interest of young people.
正解：B

第 50 題
Who is Andre Malraux?
(A) The owner of Palais-Royal.
(B) A culture minister of France.
(C) A famous artist of impressionism.
(D) The head of a party against Mitterrand.
正解：B

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