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Act No. 2031 Section 191

Act No. 2031 Section 191

Definitions and meaning of terms.

Section 191

SEC. 191. Definitions and meaning of terms.— In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires— "Acceptance" means an acceptance completed by delivery or notification; "Action" includes counterclaim and set-off; "Bank" includes any person or association of persons carrying on the business of banking, whether incorporated or not; "Bearer" means the person in possession of a bill or note which is payable to bearer ; "Bill" means bill of exchange, and "note" means negotiable promissory note; "Delivery" means transfer of possession, actual or constructive, from one person to another; "Holder" means the payee or indorsee of a bill or note, who is in possession of it, or the bearer thereof; "Indorsement" means an indorsement completed by delivery; "Instrument" means negotiable instrument; "Issue" means the first delivery of the instrument, complete in form, to a person who takes it as a holder; "Person" includes a body of persons, whether incorporated or not; "Value" means valuable consideration; "Written" includes printed, and "writing" includes print.

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Other provisions in CHAPTER XVII.

Compiled from an official source version. Later amendments or repeals may not be reflected; the official text prevails. · Read the official text ↗ · Data as of July 4, 2026

CitationAct No. 2031 Section 191 (LawPlayer, data as of July 4, 2026)

Source: Supreme Court E-Library, Republic of the Philippines. Philippine laws are public documents (works of the government).

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