Commission Regulation (EU) 2021/2280 of 16 December 2021 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating trade therein and Commission Regulation (EC) No 865/2006 laying down detailed rules concerning the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97

Amendment to Regulation (EC) No 338/97

Article 1

The Annex to Regulation (EC) No 338/97 is replaced by the text in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 865/2006

Article 2

Regulation (EC) No 865/2006 is amended as follows: (1) in the first paragraph of Article 5, point (5) is replaced by the following: ‘(5) where required, the purpose of a transaction must be determined applying the criteria set out in Article 5c and indicated on the relevant permit or certificate, using one of the codes contained in point 1 of Annex IX to this Regulation;’; (2) the following Article 5c is inserted: ‘Article 5c Purpose of transaction 1.   The purpose of transaction shall be indicated using one of the codes contained in point 1 of Annex IX to this Regulation. 2.   For an export permit, the nature of the transaction between the exporter and importer shall determine the purpose-of-transaction code. For a re-export certificate, the nature of the transaction between the re-exporter and importer shall determine the purpose-of-transaction code. The code shall indicate the reason why there is an exchange or movement of the specimen(s) from the exporter to the importer or from the re-exporter to the importer. 3.   For an import permit or introduction-from-the-sea certificate, the intended use of the specimens by the importer shall determine the purpose-of-transaction code. The code shall indicate the reason why the importer has requested or is receiving the specimen. 4.   When an export permit and an import permit or a re-export certificate and an import permit are issued, the purpose-of-transaction code used on the import permit may differ from that on the export permit or re-export certificate, respectively.’; (3) in Article 7, the following paragraph 7 is added: ‘7.   Export permits and re-export certificates issued by third countries shall only be accepted if issued by the Management Authority officially designated as competent by the exporting or re-exporting Party.’; (4) in Article 10, the following paragraph 2b is inserted: ‘2b.   When a species has been transferred to Appendix I to the Convention at a meeting of the Conference of the Parties, and the Union has not made a reservation on this transfer, the validity of any import or export permit or re-export certificate for specimens of that species shall not extend beyond the date of entry into force of the transfer to Appendix I.’; (5) in Article 11, the following paragraph 4a is inserted: ‘4a.   Certificates as referred to in Article 48 which concern elephant ivory specimens and which were issued before 19 January 2022 shall cease to be valid on 19 January 2023.’; (6) in Article 48(1), the following point (e) is added: ‘(e) they are worked specimens containing elephant ivory that were acquired more than 50 years previously as defined in Article 2(w) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97.’; (7) in Article 52, paragraph 1 is replaced by the following: ‘1.   The labels referred to in Article 2(6) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 792/2012 shall be used only for the movement between duly registered scientists and scientific institutions of non-commercial loans, donations and exchanges of herbarium, diagnostic and forensic research specimens (as described in Annex XI to this Regulation), preserved, dried or embedded museum specimens and live plant material for scientific study.’; (8) in Article 62, point (3) is replaced by the following: ‘(3) worked specimens that were acquired more than 50 years previously, as defined in Article 2(w) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97, except specimens containing elephant ivory.’; (9) Article 69 is amended as follows: (a) the title is replaced by the following: ‘Reports on imports, exports and re-exports and on implementation.’; (b) in paragraph 1, the last sentence is deleted; (c) paragraph 6 is replaced by the following: ‘6.   The information referred to in the first sentence of paragraph 5 shall be submitted in a computerised form and in accordance with the “Implementation Report Format” issued by the Secretariat of the Convention and amended by the Commission, one year before each meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention, and shall correspond to the three-year period ending on 31 December of the previous year. The information referred to in the second subparagraph of paragraph 5, where it is not included in the communication pursuant to Article 15(4)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97 or in the notification pursuant to Article 66(7), shall be submitted in a computerised form together with the communication pursuant to Article 15(4)(c).’; (10) Annex VII is amended as follows: (a) in the row for ‘Cosmetics’, the text in the column ‘explanation’ is replaced by the following: ‘Any product or mixture of products which is applied to an external part of the body only (e.g. skin, hair, nails, genitals, lips or teeth or the mucous membranes of the oral cavity) with the intent to clean, odorise, change the appearance or protect. Cosmetics may include the following: make-up, perfume, skin cream, nail polish, hair colorants, soap, shampoo, shaving cream, deodorant, sunscreens, toothpaste. The quantity should reflect the amount of CITES-listed species present.’; (b) in the row for ‘Fingerlings’, the text in the column ‘explanation’ is replaced by the following: ‘Live juvenile fish for the aquarium trade, aquaculture, hatcheries, consumption or for release, including live European eels ( Anguilla anguilla ) up to 12 cm in length.’; (11) Annex VIII is replaced by the text in Annex 2 to this Regulation; (12) in Annex IX, the following point Y is added: ‘Y Plant specimens obtained from assisted production, which are considered not to be “artificially propagated” as set out in Article 56, and also not considered to be taken from the wild because they are propagated or planted in an environment with some level of human intervention for the purpose of plant production.’; (13) Annex XI is replaced by the text in Annex 3 to this Regulation; (14) In Annex XIII, the following species are inserted after Ovis ammon : O. collium , O. darwini , O. jubata , O. karelini , O. polii , O. severtzovi .

Transitional provision concerning the time limit for issuance of certain certificates under Regulation (EC) No 338/97

Article 3

By way of derogation from Article 8(3) of Regulation (EC) No 865/2006, the time limit for deciding on the issuance of certificates shall be three months as regards applications under Article 8(3) of Regulation (EC) No 338/97 concerning elephant ivory specimens which are submitted between 19 January 2022 and 19 January 2023.

Entry into force

Article 4

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .

ANNEX 1Supplementary provisions

ANNEX 1 ‘ANNEX Notes on interpretation of Annexes A, B, C and D 1. Species included in Annexes A, B, C and D are referred to: (a) by the name of the species; or (b) as being all of the species included in a higher taxon or designated part thereof. 2. The abbreviation ‘spp.’ is used to denote all species of a higher taxon. 3. Other references to taxa higher than species are for the purposes of information or classification only. 4. Species printed in bold in Annex A are listed there in consistency with their protection as provided for by Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council  ( 1 ) or Council Directive 92/43/EEC  ( 2 ) . 5. The following abbreviations are used for plant taxa below the level of species: (a) ‘ssp.’ is used to denote subspecies; (b) ‘var(s).’ is used to denote variety (varieties); and (c) ‘fa.’ is used to denote forma. 6. The symbols ‘(I)’, ‘(II)’ and ‘(III)’ placed against the name of a species or higher taxon refer to the Appendices to the Convention in which the species concerned are listed as indicated in notes 7, 8 and 9. Where none of these annotations appears, the species concerned are not listed in the Appendices to the Convention. 7. (I) against the name of a species or higher taxon indicates that the species or higher taxon concerned is included in Appendix I to the Convention. 8. (II) against the name of a species or higher taxon indicates that the species or higher taxon concerned is included in Appendix II to the Convention. 9. (III) against the name of a species or higher taxon indicates that it is included in Appendix III to the Convention. In this case the country with respect to which the species or higher taxon is included in Appendix III is also indicated. 10. ‘Cultivar’ means, following the definition of the 8th edition of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants , an assemblage of plants that (a) has been selected for a particular character or combination of characters, (b) is distinct, uniform, and stable in these characters, and (c) when propagated by appropriate means, retains those characters. No new taxon of a cultivar can be regarded as such until its category name and circumscription has been formally published in the latest edition of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. 11. Hybrids may be specifically included in the Appendices but only if they form distinct and stable populations in the wild. Hybrid animals that have in their previous four generations of the lineage one or more specimens of species included in Annexes A or B shall be subject to this Regulation just as if they were full species, even if the hybrid concerned is not specifically included in the Annexes. 12. When a species is included in Annex A, B or C, the whole animal or plant, whether alive or dead, and all parts and derivatives thereof are also included. Regarding animal species listed in Annex C and plant species listed in Annex B or C, all parts and derivatives of the species are also included in the same Annex unless the species is annotated to indicate that only specific parts and derivatives are included. In accordance with Article 2(t), the symbol ‘#’ followed by a number placed against the name of a species or higher taxon included in Annex B or C designates parts or derivatives which are specified in relation thereto for the purposes of this Regulation as follows: #1 Designates all parts and derivatives, except: (a) seeds, spores and pollen (including pollinia); (b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro , in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; (c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; and (d) fruits and parts and derivatives thereof of artificially propagated plants of the genus Vanilla. #2 Designates all parts and derivatives, except: (a) seeds and pollen; and (b) finished products packaged and ready for retail trade. #3 Designates whole and sliced roots and parts of roots, excluding manufactured parts or derivatives, such as powders, pills, extracts, tonics, teas and confectionery. #4 Designates all parts and derivatives, except: (a) seeds (including seedpods of Orchidaceae), spores and pollen (including pollinia). The exemption does not apply to seeds from Cactaceae spp. exported from Mexico, and to seeds from Beccariophoenix madagascariensis and Dypsis decaryi exported from Madagascar; (b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro , in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; (c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; (d) fruits and parts and derivatives thereof of naturalized or artificially propagated plants of the genus Vanilla (Orchidaceae) and of the family Cactaceae; (e) stems, flowers, and parts and derivatives thereof of naturalized or artificially propagated plants of the genera Opuntia subgenus Opuntia and Selenicereus (Cactaceae); and (f) finished products of Aloe ferox and Euphorbia antisyphilitica packaged and ready for retail trade. #5 Designates logs, sawn wood and veneer sheets. #6 Designates logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets and plywood. #7 Designates logs, wood-chips, powder and extracts. #8 Designates underground parts (i.e. roots, rhizomes): whole, parts and powdered. #9 Designates all parts and derivatives, except those bearing a label ‘Produced from Hoodia spp. material obtained through controlled harvesting and production under the terms of an agreement with the relevant CITES Management Authority of [Botswana under agreement No. BW/xxxxxx] [Namibia under agreement No. NA/xxxxxx] [South Africa under agreement No. ZA/xxxxxx] ’. #10 Designates logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets, including unfinished wood articles used for the fabrication of bows for stringed musical instruments. #11 Designates logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets, plywood, powder and extracts. Finished products containing such extracts as ingredients, including fragrances, are not considered to be covered by this annotation. #12 Designates logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets, plywood and extracts. Finished products containing such extracts as ingredients, including fragrances, are not considered to be covered by this annotation. #13 Designates the kernel (also known as ‘endosperm’, ‘pulp’ or ‘copra’) and any derivative thereof, except finished products packaged and ready for retail trade. #14 Designates all parts and derivatives, except: (a) seeds and pollen; (b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro , in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; (c) fruits; (d) leaves; (e) exhausted agarwood powder, including compressed powder in all shapes; and (f) finished products packaged and ready for retail trade, this exemption does not apply to wood chips, beads, prayer beads and carvings. #15 Designates all parts and derivatives, except: (a) leaves, flowers, pollen, fruits, and seeds; (b) finished products to a maximum weight of wood of the listed species of up to 10 kg per shipment; (c) finished musical instruments, finished musical instrument parts and finished musical instrument accessories; (d) parts and derivatives of Dalbergia cochinchinensis, which are covered by Annotation #4; (e) parts and derivatives of Dalbergia spp. originating and exported from Mexico, which are covered by Annotation #6. #16 Designates seeds, fruits, and oils. #17 Designates logs, sawn wood, veener sheets, plywood and transformed wood. #18 Excluding parts and derivatives, other than eggs. 13. The terms and expressions below, used in annotations in these Annexes, are defined as follows: Extract Any substance obtained directly from plant material by physical or chemical means regardless of the manufacturing process. An extract may be solid (e.g. crystals, resin, fine or coarse particles), semisolid (e.g. gums, waxes) or liquid (e.g. solutions, tinctures, oil and essential oils). Finished musical instruments A musical instrument (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs Organization, Chapter 92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) that is ready to play or needs only the installation of parts to make it playable. This term includes antique instruments (as defined by the Harmonized System codes 97.05 and 97.06; Works of art, collectors' pieces and antiques). Finished musical instrument accessories A musical instrument accessory (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs Organization, Chapter 92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) that is separate from the musical instrument, and is specifically designed or shaped to be used explicitly in association with an instrument, and that requires no further modification to be used. Finished musical instrument parts A part (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs Organization, Chapter 92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) of a musical instrument that is ready to install and is specifically designed and shaped to be used explicitly in association with the instrument to make it playable. Finished products packaged and ready for retail trade Products, shipped singly or in bulk, requiring no further processing, packaged, labelled for final use or the retail trade in a state fit for being sold to or used by the general public. Powder A dry, solid substance in the form of fine or coarse particles Shipment Cargo transported under the terms of a single bill of lading or air waybill, irrespective of the quantity or number of containers or packages; or pieces worn, carried or included in personal baggage. 10 kg per shipment For the term "10 kg per shipment", the 10 kg limit should be interpreted as referring to the weight of the individual portions of each item in the shipment made of wood of the species concerned. In other words, the 10 kg limit is to be assessed against the weight of the individual portions of wood of Dalbergia/Guibourtia species contained in each item of the shipment, rather than against the total weight of the shipment. Transformed wood Defined by Harmonized System code 44.09. Wood (including strips, friezes for parquet flooring, not assembled), continuously shaped (tongued, grooved, v-jointed, beaded or the like) along any edges, ends or faces, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed. Woodchips Wood that has been reduced to small pieces. 14. As none of the species or higher taxa of FLORA included in Annex A is annotated to the effect that its hybrids shall be treated in accordance with Article 4(1), this means that artificially propagated hybrids produced from one or more of these species or taxa may be traded with a certificate of artificial propagation, and that seeds and pollen (including pollinia), cut flowers, seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro , in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers of these hybrids are not subject to this Regulation. 15. Urine, faeces and ambergris which are waste products and gained without the manipulation of the animal concerned are not subject to this Regulation. 16. In respect of fauna species listed in Annex D, this Regulation shall apply only to live specimens and whole, or substantially whole, dead specimens except for taxa which are annotated as follows to show that other parts and derivatives are also covered: §1 Any whole, or substantially whole, skins, raw or tanned. 17. In respect of flora species listed in Annex D, this Regulation shall apply only to live specimens except for taxa which are annotated as follows to show that other parts and derivatives are also covered: §2 Dried and fresh plants, including, where appropriate; leaves, roots/rootstock, stems, seeds/spores, bark and fruits. §4 Designates all parts and derivatives, except: (a) seeds and pollen; (b) finished products packaged and ready for retail trade. §5 Designates logs, sawn wood, veener sheets, plywood and transformed wood. (*) (*) Defined by Harmonized System code 44.09: Wood (including strips, friezes for parquet flooring, not assembled), continuously shaped (tongued, grooved, v-jointed, beaded or the like) along any edges, ends or faces, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed.   Annex A Annex B Annex C Common name FAUNA CHORDATA (CHORDATES) MAMMALIA       Mammals ARTIODACTYLA         Antilocapridae       Pronghorn   Antilocapra americana (I) (Only the population of Mexico; no other population is included in the Annexes to this Regulation)     Mexican pronghorn Bovidae       Antelopes, cattle, duikers, gazelles, goats, sheep etc.   Addax nasomaculatus (I)     Addax     Ammotragus lervia (II)   Barbary sheep       Antilope cervicapra (III Nepal / Pakistan) Blackbuck   Bos gaurus (I) (Excludes the domesticated form referenced as Bos frontalis which is not subject to this Regulation)     Gaur   Bos mutus (I) (Excludes the domesticated form referenced as Bos grunniens which is not subject to this Regulation)     Wild yak   Bos sauveli (I)     Kouprey       Boselaphus tragocamelus (III Pakistan) Nilgai       Bubalus arnee (III Nepal) (Excludes the domesticated form referenced as Bubalus bubalis , which is not subject to this Regulation) Wild Asiatic buffalo   Bubalus depressicornis (I)     Lowland anoa   Bubalus mindorensis (I)     Tamarau   Bubalus quarlesi (I)     Mountain anoa     Budorcas taxicolor (II)   Takin   Capra falconeri (I)     Markhor     Capra caucasica (II)   Caucasian Tur       Capra hircus aegagrus (III Pakistan) (Specimens of the domesticated form are not subject to this Regulation) Wild goat       Capra sibirica (III Pakistan) Siberian Ibex   Capricornis milneedwardsii (I)     Chinese serow   Capricornis rubidus (I)     Red serow   Capricornis sumatraensis (I)     Sumatran serow   Capricornis thar (I)     Himalayan serow     Cephalophus brookei (II)   Brooke’s duiker     Cephalophus dorsalis (II)   Bay duiker   Cephalophus jentinki (I)     Jentink's duiker     Cephalophus ogilbyi (II)   Ogilby's duiker     Cephalophus silvicultor (II)   Yellow-backed duiker     Cephalophus zebra (II)   Zebra duiker     Damaliscus pygargus pygargus (II)   Bontebok       Gazella bennettii (III Pakistan) Chinkara   Gazella cuvieri (I)     Cuvier’s gazelle       Gazella dorcas (III Algeria / Tunisia) Dorcas gazelle   Gazella leptoceros (I)     Slender-horned gazelle   Hippotragus niger variani (I)     Giant sable antelope     Kobus leche (II)   Lechwe   Naemorhedus baileyi (I)     Red goral   Naemorhedus caudatus (I)     Long-tailed goral   Naemorhedus goral (I)     Himalayan goral   Naemorhedus griseus (I)     Chinese goral   Nanger dama (I)     Dama gazelle   Oryx dammah (I)     Scimitar-horned oryx   Oryx leucoryx (I)     Arabian oryx     Ovis ammon (II)   Altai argali     Ovis arabica (II)   Arabian wild sheep     Ovis bochariensis (II)   Bukhara urial     Ovis canadensis (II) (Only the population of Mexico; no other population is included in the Annexes to this Regulation)   Mexican bighorn sheep     Ovis collium (II)   Kazakhstan argali     Ovis cycloceros (II)   Afghan urial     Ovis darwini (II)   Gobi argali   Ovis gmelini (I) (population of Cyprus)     Anatolian sheep   Ovis hodgsoni (I)     Tibetan argali     Ovis jubata (II)   Shansi argali     Ovis karelini (II)   Tianshan argali   Ovis nigrimontana (I)     Karatau argali     Ovis polii (II)   Marco Polo argali     Ovis punjabiensis (II)   Punjab urial     Ovis severtzovi (II)   Severtzov’s agali   Ovis vignei (I)     Ladakh urial   Pantholops hodgsonii (I)     Chiru     Philantomba monticola (II)   Blue duiker       Pseudois nayaur (III Pakistan) Bharal   Pseudoryx nghetinhensis (I)     Saola   Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata (II)     Abruzzo chamois     Saiga borealis (II) (A zero export quota for wild specimens traded for commercial purposes)   Mongolian saiga     Saiga tatarica (II) (A zero export quota for wild specimens traded for commercial purposes)   Steppe saiga       Tetracerus quadricornis (III Nepal) Four-horned antelope Camelidae       Camels, guanaco, vicuña     Lama guanicoe (II)   Guanaco   Vicugna vicugna (I) (Except for the populations of: Argentina [the populations of the Provinces of Jujuy, Catamarca and Salta, and the semi-captive populations of the Provinces of Jujuy, Salta, Catamarca, La Rioja and San Juan]; Bolivia [the whole population]; Chile [populations of the region of Tarapacá and of the region of Arica and Parinacota]; Ecuador [the whole population] and Peru [the whole population]; which are included in Annex B) Vicugna vicugna (II) (Only the populations of Argentina [the populations of the Provinces of Jujuy, Catamarca and Salta, and the semi-captive populations of the Provinces of Jujuy, Salta, Catamarca, La Rioja and San Juan]; Bolivia [the whole population]; Chile [populations of the region of Tarapacá and of the region of Arica and Parinacota]; Ecuador [the whole population] and Peru [the whole population]; all other populations are included in Annex A)  ( 3 )   Vicuña Cervidae       Deer, huemuls, muntjacs, pudus   Axis calamianensis (I)     Calamian deer   Axis kuhlii (I)     Bawean deer       Axis porcinus (III Pakistan (Except for the subspecies included in Annex A)) Hog deer   Axis porcinus annamiticus (I)     Indochina hog deer   Blastocerus dichotomus (I)     Marsh deer     Cervus elaphus bactrianus (II)   Bactrian deer       Cervus elaphus barbarus (III Algeria / Tunisia) Barbary deer   Cervus elaphus hanglu (I)     Hangul   Dama dama mesopotamica (I)     Persian fallow deer   Hippocamelus spp. (I)     Huemuls       Mazama temama cerasina (III Guatemala) Central American red brocket   Muntiacus crinifrons (I)     Black muntjac   Muntiacus vuquangensis (I)     Giant muntjac       Odocoileus virginianus mayensis (III Guatemala) Guatemalan white-tailed deer   Ozotoceros bezoarticus (I)     Pampas deer     Pudu mephistophiles (II)   Northern pudu   Pudu puda (I)     Southern pudu   Rucervus duvaucelii (I)     Barasingha   Rucervus eldii (I)     Eld’s deer Giraffidae   Giraffa camelopardalis (II)   Giraffes Giraffe Hippopotamidae       Hippopotamuses     Hexaprotodon liberiensis (II)   Pygmy hippopotamus     Hippopotamus amphibius (II)   Common hippopotamus Moschidae       Musk deer   Moschus spp. (I) (Only the populations of Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan; all other populations are included in Annex B) Moschus spp. (II) (Except for the populations of Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan, which are included in Annex A)   Musk deer Suidae       Babirusa, hogs, pigs   Babyrousa babyrussa (I)     Buru babirusa   Babyrousa bolabatuensis (I)     Bola Batu babirusa   Babyrousa celebensis (I)     North Sulawesi babirusa   Babyrousa togeanensis (I)     Malenge babirusa   Sus salvanius (I)     Pygmy hog Tayassuidae       Peccaries     Tayassuidae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A and excluding the populations of Pecari tajacu of Mexico and the United States, which are not included in the Annexes to this Regulation)   Peccaries   Catagonus wagneri (I)     Chacoan peccary CARNIVORA         Ailuridae           Ailurus fulgens (I)     Red panda Canidae       Dogs, foxes, wolves       Canis aureus (III India) Golden jackal   Canis lupus (I/II) (All populations except those of Spain north of the Duero and Greece north of the 39th parallel which are listed in Annex B. Populations of Bhutan, India, Nepal and Pakistan are listed in Appendix I; all other populations are listed in Appendix II. Excludes the domesticated form and the dingo which are referenced as Canis lupus familiaris and Canis lupus dingo ) Canis lupus (II) (Only includes populations of Spain north of the Duero and Greece north of the 39th parallel. All other populations are included in Annex A. Excludes the domesticated form and the dingo which are referenced as Canis lupus familiaris and Canis lupus dingo )   Grey wolf   Canis simensis     Ethiopian wolf     Cerdocyon thous (II)   Crab-eating fox     Chrysocyon brachyurus (II)   Maned wolf     Cuon alpinus (II)   Dhole     Lycalopex culpaeus (II)   Culpeo     Lycalopex fulvipes (II)   Darwin’s fox     Lycalopex griseus (II)   South American grey fox     Lycalopex gymnocercus (II)   Pampas fox   Speothos venaticus (I)     Bush dog       Vulpes bengalensis (III India) Bengal fox     Vulpes cana (II)   Blanford's fox     Vulpes zerda (II)   Fennec fox Eupleridae             Cryptoprocta ferox (II)   Fossa     Eupleres goudotii (II)   Falanouc     Fossa fossana (II)   Malagasy civet Felidae       Cats, cheetahs, leopards, lions, tigers etc.     Felidae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A. Specimens of the domesticated form are not subject to this Regulation. For Panthera leo (African populations): A zero annual export quota is established for specimens of bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Annual export quotas for trade in bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth for commercial purposes, derived from captive breeding operations in South Africa, will be established and communicated annually to the CITES Secretariat.)   Cats   Acinonyx jubatus (I) (Annual export quotas for live specimens and hunting trophies are granted as follows: Botswana: 5; Namibia: 150; Zimbabwe: 50. The trade in such specimens is subject to Article 4(1))     Cheetah   Caracal caracal (I) (Only the population of Asia; all other populations are included in Annex B)     Asian Caracal   Catopuma temminckii (I)     Asian golden cat   Felis nigripes (I)     Black-footed cat   Felis silvestris (II)     Wild cat   Herpailurus yagouaroundi (I) (Only the populations of Central and North America; all other populations are included in Annex B)     Jaguarundi   Leopardus geoffroyi (I)     Geoffroy's cat   Leopardus guttulus (I)     Southern tigrina   Leopardus jacobita (I)     Andean mountain cat   Leopardus pardalis (I)     Ocelot   Leopardus tigrinus (I)     Oncilla   Leopardus wiedii (I)     Margay   Lynx lynx (II)     Eurasian lynx   Lynx pardinus (I)     Iberian lynx   Neofelis diardi (I)     Sunda clouded leopard   Neofelis nebulosa (I)     Mainland clouded leopard   Panthera leo (I) (Only the populations of India; all other populations are included in Annex B)     Asiatic lion   Panthera onca (I)     Jaguar   Panthera pardus (I)     Leopard   Panthera tigris (I)     Tiger   Panthera uncia (I)     Snow leopard   Pardofelis marmorata (I)     Marbled cat   Prionailurus bengalensis bengalensis (I) (Only the populations of Bangladesh, India and Thailand; all other populations are included in Annex B)     Bengal leopard cat   Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus (II)     Iriomote cat   Prionailurus planiceps (I)     Flat-headed cat   Prionailurus rubiginosus (I) (Only the population of India; all other populations are included in Annex B)     Rusty-spotted cat   Puma concolor (I) (Only the populations of Costa Rica and Panama; all other populations are included in Annex B)     Costa Rican cougar Herpestidae       Mongooses       Herpestes edwardsi (III India / Pakistan) Indian grey mongoose       Herpestes fuscus (III India) Indian brown mongoose       Herpestes javanicus (III Pakistan) Small Asian mongoose       Herpestes javanicus auropunctatus (III India) Small Indian mongoose       Herpestes smithii (III India) Ruddy mongoose       Herpestes urva (III India) Crab-eating mongoose       Herpestes vitticollis (III India) Stripe-necked mongoose Hyaenidae       Aardwolf, hyenas       Hyaena hyaena (III Pakistan) Striped hyena       Proteles cristata (III Botswana) Aardwolf Mephitidae       Skunks     Conepatus humboldtii (II)   Humboldt’s hog-nosed skunk Mustelidae       Badgers, martens, weasels etc. Lutrinae       Otters     Lutrinae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Otters   Aonyx capensis microdon (I) (Only the populations of Cameroon and Nigeria; all other populations are included in Annex B)     Cameroon clawless otter   Aonyx cinerea (I)     Small-clawed otter   Enhydra lutris nereis (I)     Southern sea otter   Lontra felina (I)     Marine otter   Lontra longicaudis (I)     Neotropical otter   Lontra provocax (I)     Southern river otter   Lutra lutra (I)     European otter   Lutra nippon (I)     Japanese otter   Lutrogale perspicillata (I)     Smooth-coated otter   Pteronura brasiliensis (I)     Giant otter Mustelinae       Grisons, martens, tayra, weasels       Eira barbara (III Honduras) Tayra       Martes flavigula (III India) Yellow-throated marten       Martes foina intermedia (III India) Stone marten       Martes gwatkinsii (III India) Nilgiri marten       Mellivora capensis (III Botswana) Honey badger   Mustela nigripes (I)     Black-footed ferret Odobenidae       Walrus     Odobenus rosmarus (III Canada)   Walrus Otariidae       Fur seals, sealions     Arctocephalus spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Fur seals   Arctocephalus philippii (II)     Juan Fernández fur seal   Arctocephalus townsendi (I)     Guadalupe fur seal Phocidae       Seals     Mirounga leonina (II)   Southern elephant seal   Monachus spp. (I)     Monk seals Procyonidae       Coatis, olingos       Nasua narica (III Honduras) White-nosed coati       Nasua nasua solitaria (III Uruguay) South Brazilian coati       Potos flavus (III Honduras) Kinkajou Ursidae       Bears     Ursidae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Bears   Ailuropoda melanoleuca (I)     Giant panda   Helarctos malayanus (I)     Sun bear   Melursus ursinus (I)     Sloth bear   Tremarctos ornatus (I)     Spectacled bear   Ursus arctos (I/II) (Only the populations of Bhutan, China, Mexico and Mongolia and the subspecies Ursus arctos isabellinus are listed in Appendix I; all other populations and subspecies are listed in Appendix II)     Brown bear   Ursus thibetanus (I)     Asian black bear Viverridae       Binturong, civets, linsangs, otter-civet, palm civet       Arctictis binturong (III India) Binturong       Civettictis civetta (III Botswana) African civet     Cynogale bennettii (II)   Otter civet     Hemigalus derbyanus (II)   Banded palm civet       Paguma larvata (III India) Masked palm civet       Paradoxurus hermaphroditus (III India) Asian palm civet       Paradoxurus jerdoni (III India) Jerdon's palm civet     Prionodon linsang (II)   Banded linsang   Prionodon pardicolor (I)     Spotted linsang       Viverra civettina (III India) Malabar large-spotted civet       Viverra zibetha (III India) Large Indian civet       Viverricula indica (III India) Small Indian civet CETACEA       Cetaceans (dolphins, porpoises, whales)   CETACEA spp. (I/II)  ( 4 )     Cetaceans CHIROPTERA         Phyllostomidae       Broad-nosed bats       Platyrrhinus lineatus (III Uruguay) White-lined bat Pteropodidae       Fruit bats, flying foxes     Acerodon spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Flying foxes   Acerodon jubatus (I)     Golden-capped fruit bat     Pteropus spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A and except for Pteropus brunneus .)   Flying foxes   Pteropus insularis (I)     Ruck flying fox   Pteropus livingstonii (II)     Comoro flying fox   Pteropus loochoensis (I)     Japanese flying fox   Pteropus mariannus (I)     Marianas flying fox   Pteropus molossinus (I)     Caroline flying fox   Pteropus pelewensis (I)     Pelew flying fox   Pteropus pilosus (I)     Large Pelew flying fox   Pteropus rodricensis (II)     Rodrigues flying fox   Pteropus samoensis (I)     Samoan flying fox   Pteropus tonganus (I)     Pacific flying fox   Pteropus ualanus (I)     Kosrae flying fox   Pteropus voeltzkowi (II)     Pemba flying fox   Pteropus yapensis (I)     Yap flying fox CINGULATA         Dasypodidae       Armadillos       Cabassous tatouay (III Uruguay) Greater naked-tailed armadillo     Chaetophractus nationi (II) (A zero annual export quota has been established. All specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species included in Annex A and the trade in them shall be regulated accordingly)   Andean hairy armadillo   Priodontes maximus (I)     Giant armadillo DASYUROMORPHIA         Dasyuridae       Dunnarts, marsupial mice, planigales   Sminthopsis longicaudata (I)     Long-tailed dunnart   Sminthopsis psammophila (I)     Sandhill dunnart DIPROTODONTIA         Macropodidae       Kangaroos, wallabies     Dendrolagus inustus (II)   Grizzled tree-kangaroo     Dendrolagus ursinus (II)   Ursine tree-kangaroo   Lagorchestes hirsutus (I)     Rufous hare-wallaby   Lagostrophus fasciatus (I)     Banded hare-wallaby   Onychogalea fraenata (I)     Bridled nail-tail wallaby Phalangeridae       Cuscus     Phalanger intercastellanus (II)   Eastern common cuscus     Phalanger mimicus (II)   Southern common cuscus     Phalanger orientalis (II)   Northern common cuscus     Spilocuscus kraemeri (II)   Admiralty Island cuscus     Spilocuscus maculatus (II)   Common spotted cuscus     Spilocuscus papuensis (II)   Waigeou cuscus Potoroidae       Rat-kangaroos   Bettongia spp. (I)     Bettongs Vombatidae       Wombats   Lasiorhinus krefftii (I)     Northern hairy-nosed wombat LAGOMORPHA         Leporidae       Hares, rabbits   Caprolagus hispidus (I)     Hispid hare   Romerolagus diazi (I)     Volcano rabbit MONOTREMATA         Tachyglossidae       Echidnas, spiny anteaters     Zaglossus spp. (II)   Long-beaked echidnas PERAMELEMORPHIA         Peramelidae           Perameles bougainville (I)     Western barred bandicoot Thylacomyidae           Macrotis lagotis (I)     Greater bilby PERISSODACTYLA         Equidae       Horses, wild asses, zebras   Equus africanus (I) (Excludes the domesticated form referenced as Equus asinus , which is not subject to this Regulation)     African ass   Equus grevyi (I)     Grévy's zebra   Equus hemionus (I/II) (The species is listed in Appendix II but subspecies Equus hemionus hemionus and Equus hemionus khur are listed in Appendix I)     Asiatic wild ass   Equus kiang (II)     Kiang   Equus przewalskii (I)     Przewalski's horse     Equus zebra hartmannae (II)   Hartmann's mountain zebra     Equus zebra zebra (II)   Cape mountain zebra Rhinocerotidae       Rhinoceroses   Rhinocerotidae spp. (I) (Except for the subspecies included in Annex B)     Rhinoceroses     Ceratotherium simum simum (II) (Only the populations of Eswatini and South Africa; all other populations are included in Annex A. For the exclusive purpose of allowing international trade in live animals to appropriate and acceptable destinations and trade in hunting trophies. All other specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species included in Annex A and trade in them shall be regulated accordingly)   Southern white rhinoceros Tapiridae       Tapirs   Tapiridae spp. (I) (Except for the species included in Annex B)     Tapirs     Tapirus terrestris (II)   South American tapir PHOLIDOTA         Manidae       Pangolins     Manis spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Pangolins   Manis crassicaudata (I)     Indian pangolin   Manis culionensis (I)     Philippine pangolin   Manis gigantea (I)     Giant pangolin   Manis javanica (I)     Sunda pangolin   Manis pentadactyla (I)     Chinese pangolin   Manis temminckii (I)     Ground pangolin   Manis tetradactyla (I)     Long-tailed pangolin   Manis tricuspis (I)     Tree pangolin PILOSA         Bradypodidae       Three-toed sloths     Bradypus pygmaeus (II)   Pygmy tree-toed sloth     Bradypus variegatus (II)   Brown-throated sloth Myrmecophagidae       American anteaters     Myrmecophaga tridactyla (II)   Giant anteater       Tamandua mexicana (III Guatemala) Northern tamandua PRIMATES       Primates (apes and monkeys)     PRIMATES spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Primates Atelidae       Howlers, spider monkeys   Alouatta coibensis (I)     Coiba Island howler   Alouatta palliata (I)     Mantled howler   Alouatta pigra (I)     Guatemalan black howler   Ateles geoffroyi frontatus (I)     Black-browed spider monkey   Ateles geoffroyi ornatus (I)     Red spider monkey   Brachyteles arachnoides (I)     Southern muriqui   Brachyteles hypoxanthus (I)     Northern muriqui   Oreonax flavicauda (I)     Yellow-tailed woolly monkey Cebidae       Marmosets, tamarins, New-world monkeys   Callimico goeldii (I)     Goeldi's marmoset   Callithrix aurita (I)     Buffy-tufted marmoset   Callithrix flaviceps (I)     Buffy-headed marmoset   Leontopithecus spp. (I)     Lion tamarins   Saguinus bicolor (I)     Pied tamarin   Saguinus geoffroyi (I)     Geoffroy’s tamarin   Saguinus leucopus (I)     White-footed tamarin   Saguinus martinsi (I)     Martins’ bare-face tamarin   Saguinus oedipus (I)     Cottontop tamarin   Saimiri oerstedii (I)     Central American squirrel monkey Cercopithecidae       Old-world monkeys   Cercocebus galeritus (I)     Tana River mangabey   Cercopithecus diana (I)     Diana monkey   Cercopithecus roloway (I)     Roloway monkey   Cercopithecus solatus (II)     Sun-tailed monkey   Colobus satanas (II)     Black colobus   Macaca silenus (I)     Lion-tailed macaque   Macaca sylvanus (I)     Barbary macaque   Mandrillus leucophaeus (I)     Drill   Mandrillus sphinx (I)     Mandrill   Nasalis larvatus (I)     Proboscis monkey   Piliocolobus foai (II)     Central African red colobus   Piliocolobus gordonorum (II)     Uzungwa red colobus   Piliocolobus kirkii (I)     Zanzibar red colobus   Piliocolobus pennantii (II)     Pennant’s red colobus   Piliocolobus preussi (II)     Preuss's red colobus   Piliocolobus rufomitratus (I)     Tana River red colobus   Piliocolobus tephrosceles (II)     Ugandan red colobus   Piliocolobus tholloni (II)     Thollon’s red colobus   Presbytis potenziani (I)     Mentawai langur   Pygathrix spp. (I)     Douc langurs   Rhinopithecus spp. (I)     Snub-nosed monkeys   Semnopithecus ajax (I)     Kashmir grey langur   Semnopithecus dussumieri (I)     Southern Plains grey langur   Semnopithecus entellus (I)     Northern Plains grey langur   Semnopithecus hector (I)     Tarai grey langur   Semnopithecus hypoleucos (I)     Black-footed grey langur   Semnopithecus priam (I)     Tufted grey langur   Semnopithecus schistaceus (I)     Nepal grey langur   Simias concolor (I)     Simakobou   Trachypithecus delacouri (II)     Delacour’s langur   Trachypithecus francoisi (II)     François's langur   Trachypithecus geei (I)     Gee’s golden langur   Trachypithecus hatinhensis (II)     Hatinh langur   Trachypithecus johnii (II)     Nilgiri langur   Trachypithecus laotum (II)     Laotian langur   Trachypithecus pileatus (I)     Capped langur   Trachypithecus poliocephalus (II)     White-headed langur   Trachypithecus shortridgei (I)     Shortridge’s langur Cheirogaleidae       Dwarf lemurs and mouse-lemurs   Cheirogaleidae spp. (I)     Dwarf lemurs and mouse lemurs Daubentoniidae       Aye-aye   Daubentonia madagascariensis (I)     Aye-aye Hominidae       Chimpanzees, gorillas, orang-utan   Gorilla beringei (I)     Eastern gorilla   Gorilla gorilla (I)     Western gorilla   Pan spp. (I)     Chimpanzee and bonobo   Pongo abelii (I)     Sumatran orangutan   Pongo pygmaeus (I)     Bornean orangutan Hylobatidae       Gibbons   Hylobatidae spp. (I)     Gibbons Indriidae       Indri, sifakas and woolly lemurs   Indriidae spp. (I)     Indri, sifakas and woolly lemurs Lemuridae       Large lemurs   Lemuridae spp. (I)     Large lemurs Lepilemuridae       Sportive lemurs   Lepilemuridae spp. (I)     Sportive lemurs Lorisidae       Lorises   Nycticebus spp. (I)     Slow lorises Pitheciidae       Uacaris, titis, sakis   Cacajao spp. (I)     Uacaris   Callicebus barbarabrownae (II)     Barbara Brown's Titi   Callicebus melanochir (II)     Coastal Black-handed Titi   Callicebus nigrifrons (II)     Black-fronted Titi   Callicebus personatus (II)     Atlantic titi   Chiropotes albinasus (I)     White-nosed saki Tarsiidae       Tarsiers   Tarsius spp. (II)     Tarsiers PROBOSCIDEA         Elephantidae       Elephants   Elephas maximus (I)     Asian elephant   Loxodonta africana (I) (Except for the populations of Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe, which are included in Annex B) Loxodonta africana (II) (Only the populations of Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe  ( 5 ) ; all other populations are included in Annex A)   African elephant RODENTIA         Chinchillidae       Chinchillas   Chinchilla spp. (I) (Specimens of the domesticated form are not subject to this Regulation)     Chinchillas Cuniculidae       Pacas       Cuniculus paca (III Honduras) Lowland paca Dasyproctidae       Agoutis       Dasyprocta punctata (III Honduras) Central American agouti Erethizontidae       New-world porcupines       Sphiggurus mexicanus (III Honduras) Mexican hairy dwarf porcupine       Sphiggurus spinosus (III Uruguay) Paraguaian hairy dwarf porcupine Hystricidae       Old-world porcupines   Hystrix cristata     Crested porcupine Muridae       Mice, rats     Leporillus conditor (II)   Greater stick-nest rat     Pseudomys fieldi (II)   Shark Bay mouse     Xeromys myoides (II)   False water rat     Zyzomys pedunculatus (II)   Central Australian rock rat Sciuridae       Ground squirrels, tree squirrels   Cynomys mexicanus (I)     Mexican prairie dog       Marmota caudata (III India) Long-tailed marmot       Marmota himalayana (III India) Himalayan marmot     Ratufa spp. (II)   Giant squirrels SCANDENTIA             SCANDENTIA spp. (II)   Treeshrews SIRENIA         Dugongidae       Dugong   Dugong dugon (I)     Dugong Trichechidae       Manatees   Trichechus inunguis (I)         Trichechus manatus (I)         Trichechus senegalensis (I)       AVES       Birds ANSERIFORMES         Anatidae       Ducks, geese, swans etc.   Anas aucklandica (I)     Auckland Islands teal     Anas bernieri (II)   Madagascar teal   Anas chlorotis (I)     Brown teal     Anas formosa (II)   Baikal teal   Anas laysanensis (I)     Laysan duck   Anas nesiotis (I)     Campbell Island teal   Anas querquedula     Garganey   Asarcornis scutulata (I)     White-winged duck   Aythya innotata     Madagascar pochard   Aythya nyroca     Ferruginous duck   Branta canadensis leucopareia (I)     Aleutian goose   Branta ruficollis (II)     Red-breasted goose   Branta sandvicensis (I)     Nene     Coscoroba coscoroba (II)   Coscoroba swan     Cygnus melancoryphus (II)   Black-necked swan     Dendrocygna arborea (II)   West Indian whistling-duck       Dendrocygna autumnalis (III Honduras) Black-bellied whistling-duck       Dendrocygna bicolor (III Honduras) Fulvous whistling-duck   Mergus octosetaceus     Brazilian merganser   Oxyura leucocephala (II)     White-headed duck   Rhodonessa caryophyllacea (I)     Pink-headed duck     Sarkidiornis melanotos (II)   Comb duck   Tadorna cristata     Crested shelduck APODIFORMES         Trochilidae       Hummingbirds     Trochilidae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Hummingbirds   Glaucis dohrnii (I)     Hook-billed hermit CHARADRIIFORMES         Burhinidae       Thick-knees       Burhinus bistriatus (III Guatemala) Double-striped thick-knee Laridae       Gulls, terns   Larus relictus (I)     Relict gull Scolopacidae       Curlews, greenshanks   Numenius borealis (I)     Eskimo curlew   Numenius tenuirostris (I)     Slender-billed curlew   Tringa guttifer (I)     Nordmann's greenshank CICONIIFORMES         Ardeidae       Egrets, herons   Ardea alba     Great egret   Bubulcus ibis     Cattle egret   Egretta garzetta     Little egret Balaenicipitidae       Shoebill, whale-headed stork     Balaeniceps rex (II)   Shoebill Ciconiidae       Storks   Ciconia boyciana (I)     Oriental stork   Ciconia nigra (II)     Black stork   Ciconia stormi     Storm's stork   Jabiru mycteria (I)     Jabiru   Leptoptilos dubius     Greater adjutant stork   Mycteria cinerea (I)     Milky stork Phoenicopteridae       Flamingos     Phoenicopteridae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Flamingos   Phoenicopterus ruber (II)     Greater flamingo Threskiornithidae       Ibises, spoonbills     Eudocimus ruber (II)   Scarlet ibis   Geronticus calvus (II)     Bald ibis   Geronticus eremita (I)     Waldrapp   Nipponia nippon (I)     Crested ibis   Platalea leucorodia (II)     Eurasian spoonbill   Pseudibis gigantea     Giant ibis COLUMBIFORMES         Columbidae       Doves, pigeons   Caloenas nicobarica (I)     Nicobar pigeon   Claravis godefrida     Purple-winged ground-dove   Columba livia     Rock pigeon   Ducula mindorensis (I)     Mindoro zone-tailed pigeon     Gallicolumba luzonica (II)   Luzon bleeding-heart     Goura spp. (II)   Crowned-pigeons   Leptotila wellsi     Grenada dove       Nesoenas mayeri (III Mauritius) Pink pigeon   Streptopelia turtur     European turtle-dove CORACIIFORMES         Bucerotidae       Hornbills     Aceros spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Hornbills   Aceros nipalensis (I)     Rufous-necked hornbill     Anorrhinus spp. (II)   Hornbills     Anthracoceros spp. (II)   Hornbills     Berenicornis spp. (II)   Hornbills     Buceros spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Hornbills   Buceros bicornis (I)     Great hornbill     Penelopides spp. (II)   Hornbills   Rhinoplax vigil (I)     Helmeted hornbill     Rhyticeros spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Hornbills   Rhyticeros subruficollis (I)     Plain-pouched hornbill CUCULIFORMES         Musophagidae       Turacos     Tauraco spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Turacos   Tauraco bannermani (II)     Bannerman's turaco FALCONIFORMES       Diurnal birds of prey (eagles, falcons, hawks, vultures)     FALCONIFORMES spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A; except for one species of the family Cathartidae included in Annex C; the other species of that family are not included in the Annexes to this Regulation; and except for Caracara lutosa which is not subject to this Regulation)   Diurnal birds of prey Accipitridae       Hawks, eagles   Accipiter brevipes (II)     Levant sparrowhawk   Accipiter gentilis (II)     Northern goshawk   Accipiter nisus (II)     Eurasian sparrowhawk   Aegypius monachus (II)     Cinereous vulture   Aquila adalberti (I)     Adalbert's eagle   Aquila chrysaetos (II)     Golden eagle   Aquila clanga (II)     Greater spotted eagle   Aquila heliaca (I)     Imperial eagle   Aquila pomarina (II)     Lesser spotted eagle   Buteo buteo (II)     Common buzzard   Buteo lagopus (II)     Rough-legged buzzard   Buteo rufinus (II)     Long-legged buzzard   Chondrohierax uncinatus wilsonii (I)     Cuban hook-billed kite   Circaetus gallicus (II)     Short-toed snake-eagle   Circus aeruginosus (II)     Western marsh-harrier   Circus cyaneus (II)     Northern harrier   Circus macrourus (II)     Pallid harrier   Circus pygargus (II)     Montagu's harrier   Elanus caeruleus (II)     Black-winged kite   Eutriorchis astur (II)     Madagascar serpent-eagle   Gypaetus barbatus (II)     Lammergeier   Gyps fulvus (II)     Eurasian griffon   Haliaeetus spp. (I/II) ( Haliaeetus albicilla is listed in Appendix I; the other species are listed in Appendix II)     Sea-eagles   Harpia harpyja (I)     Harpy eagle   Hieraaetus fasciatus (II)     Bonelli's eagle   Hieraaetus pennatus (II)     Booted eagle   Leucopternis occidentalis (II)     Grey-backed hawk   Milvus migrans (II) (Except for Milvus migrans lineatus which is included in Annex B)     Black kite   Milvus milvus (II)     Red kite   Neophron percnopterus (II)     Egyptian vulture   Pernis apivorus (II)     European honey-buzzard   Pithecophaga jefferyi (I)     Great Philippine eagle Cathartidae       New world vultures   Gymnogyps californianus (I)     California condor       Sarcoramphus papa (III Honduras) King vulture   Vultur gryphus (I)     Andean condor Falconidae       Falcons   Falco araeus (I)     Seychelles kestrel   Falco biarmicus (II)     Lanner falcon   Falco cherrug (II)     Saker falcon   Falco columbarius (II)     Merlin   Falco eleonorae (II)     Eleonora's falcon   Falco jugger (I)     Laggar falcon   Falco naumanni (II)     Lesser kestrel   Falco newtoni (I) (Only the population of the Seychelles)     Newton's kestrel   Falco pelegrinoides (I)     Barbary falcon   Falco peregrinus (I)     Peregrine falcon   Falco punctatus (I)     Mauritius kestrel   Falco rusticolus (I)     Gyrfalcon   Falco subbuteo (II)     Eurasian hobby   Falco tinnunculus (II)     Common kestrel   Falco vespertinus (II)     Red-footed falcon Pandionidae       Ospreys   Pandion haliaetus (II)     Osprey GALLIFORMES         Cracidae           Crax alberti (III Colombia)     Blue-knobbed curassow   Crax blumenbachii (I)     Red-billed curassow       Crax daubentoni (III Colombia) Yellow-knobbed curassow     Crax fasciolata   Bare-faced Curassow       Crax globulosa (III Colombia) Wattled curassow       Crax rubra (III Colombia / Guatemala / Honduras) Great currasow   Mitu mitu (I)     Alagoas curassow   Oreophasis derbianus (I)     Horned guan       Ortalis vetula (III Guatemala / Honduras) Plain chachalaca       Pauxi pauxi (III Colombia) Helmeted curassow   Penelope albipennis (I)     White-winged guan       Penelope purpurascens (III Honduras) Crested guan       Penelopina nigra (III Guatemala) Highland guan   Pipile jacutinga (I)     Black-fronted piping guan   Pipile pipile (I)     Trinidad piping guan Megapodiidae       Megapodes, scrubfowl   Macrocephalon maleo (I)     Maleo Phasianidae       Grouse, guineafowl, partridges, pheasants, tragopans     Argusianus argus (II)   Great argus   Catreus wallichii (I)     Cheer pheasant   Colinus virginianus ridgwayi (I)     Masked bobwhite   Crossoptilon crossoptilon (I)     White eared-pheasant   Crossoptilon mantchuricum (I)     Brown eared-pheasant     Gallus sonneratii (II)   Grey junglefowl     Ithaginis cruentus (II)   Blood pheasant   Lophophorus impejanus (I)     Himalayan monal   Lophophorus lhuysii (I)     Chinese monal   Lophophorus sclateri (I)     Sclater's monal   Lophura edwardsi (I)     Edwards' pheasant       Lophura leucomelanos (III Pakistan) Kalij pheasant   Lophura swinhoii (I)     Swinhoe's pheasant       Meleagris ocellata (III Guatemala) Ocellated turkey   Odontophorus strophium     Gorgeted wood-quail   Ophrysia superciliosa     Himalayan quail       Pavo cristatus (III Pakistan) Indian peafowl     Pavo muticus (II)   Green peafowl     Polyplectron bicalcaratum (II)   Grey peacock-pheasant     Polyplectron germaini (II)   Germain's peacock-pheasant     Polyplectron malacense (II)   Malayan peacock-pheasant   Polyplectron napoleonis (I)     Palawan peacock-pheasant     Polyplectron schleiermacheri (II)   Bornean peacock-pheasant       Pucrasia macrolopha (III Pakistan) Koklass pheasant   Rheinardia ocellata (I)     Crested argus   Syrmaticus ellioti (I)     Elliot's pheasant   Syrmaticus humiae (I)     Hume's pheasant   Syrmaticus mikado (I)     Mikado pheasant     Syrmaticus reevesii (II)   Reeves’s pheasant   Tetraogallus caspius (I)     Caspian snowcock   Tetraogallus tibetanus (I)     Tibetan snowcock   Tragopan blythii (I)     Blyth's tragopan   Tragopan caboti (I)     Cabot's tragopan   Tragopan melanocephalus (I)     Western tragopan       Tragopan satyra (III Nepal) Satyr tragopan     Tympanuchus cupido attwateri (II)   Attwater's prairie-chicken GRUIFORMES         Gruidae       Cranes     Gruidae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Cranes   Balearica pavonina (I)     Black crowned crane   Grus americana (I)     Whooping crane   Grus canadensis (I/II) (The species is listed in Appendix II but subspecies Grus canadensis nesiotes and Grus canadensis pulla are listed in Appendix I)     Sandhill crane   Grus grus (II)     Common crane   Grus japonensis (I)     Red-crowned crane   Grus leucogeranus (I)     Siberian crane   Grus monacha (I)     Hooded crane   Grus nigricollis (I)     Black-necked crane   Grus vipio (I)     White-necked crane Otididae       Bustards     Otididae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Bustards   Ardeotis nigriceps (I)     Indian bustard   Chlamydotis macqueenii (I)     Macqueen’s bustard   Chlamydotis undulata (I)     Houbara bustard   Houbaropsis bengalensis (I)     Bengal florican   Otis tarda (II)     Great bustard   Sypheotides indicus (II)     Lesser florican   Tetrax tetrax (II)     Little bustard Rallidae       Coots, rails   Gallirallus sylvestris (I)     Lord Howe rail Rhynochetidae       Kagu   Rhynochetos jubatus (I)     Kagu PASSERIFORMES         Alaudidae       Larks       Alauda arvensis (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Eurasian skylark       Galerida cristata (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Crested lark       Lullula arborea (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Woodlark       Melanocorypha calandra (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Calandra lark Atrichornithidae       Scrub-birds   Atrichornis clamosus (I)     Noisy scrub-bird Cotingidae       Cotingas       Cephalopterus ornatus (III Colombia) Amazonian umbrella bird       Cephalopterus penduliger (III Colombia) Long-wattled umbrella bird   Cotinga maculata (I)     Banded cotinga     Rupicola spp. (II)   Cocks-of-the-rock   Xipholena atropurpurea (I)     White-winged cotinga Emberizidae       Old-world buntings, cardinals, tanagers       Emberiza citrinella (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Yellowhammer       Emberiza hortulana (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Ortolan bunting     Gubernatrix cristata (II)   Yellow cardinal     Paroaria capitata (II)   Yellow-billed cardinal     Paroaria coronata (II)   Red-crested cardinal     Tangara fastuosa (II)   Seven-coloured tanager Estrildidae       Mannikins, waxbills     Amandava formosa (II)   Green avadavat     Lonchura fuscata   Timor sparrow     Lonchura oryzivora (II)   Java sparrow     Poephila cincta cincta (II)   Southern black-throated finch Fringillidae       Finches       Carduelis cannabina (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Common linnet       Carduelis carduelis (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) European goldfinch   Carduelis cucullata (I)     Red siskin       Carduelis flammea (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Redpoll       Carduelis hornemanni (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Arctic redpoll       Carduelis spinus (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Eurasian siskin     Carduelis yarrellii (II)   Yellow-faced siskin       Carpodacus erythrinus (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Common rosefinch       Loxia curvirostra (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Red crossbill       Pyrrhula pyrrhula (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Eurasian bullfinch       Serinus serinus (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) European serin Hirundinidae       Martins   Pseudochelidon sirintarae (I)     White-eyed river-martin Icteridae       New-world blackbirds   Xanthopsar flavus (I)     Saffron-cowled blackbird Meliphagidae       Honey-eaters     Lichenostomus melanops cassidix (II)   Helmeted honeyeater Muscicapidae       Old-world flycatchers, babblers, etc.   Acrocephalus rodericanus (III Mauritius)     Rodrigues brush-warbler     Cyornis ruckii (II)   Rueck's blue-flycatcher     Dasyornis broadbenti litoralis (II)   Western rufous bristlebird     Dasyornis longirostris (II)   Western bristlebird       Erithacus rubecula (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) European robin       Ficedula parva (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Red-breasted flycatcher     Garrulax canorus (II)   Chinese Hwamei     Garrulax taewanus (II)   Taiwan Hwamei       Hippolais icterina (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Icterine warbler     Leiothrix argentauris (II)   Silver-eared mesia     Leiothrix lutea (II)   Red-billed leiothrix     Liocichla omeiensis (II)   Omei Shan liocichla       Luscinia svecica (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Bluethroat       Luscinia luscinia (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Thrush nightingale       Luscinia megarhynchos (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Common nightingale       Monticola saxatilis (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Rufous-tailed rock-thrush   Picathartes gymnocephalus (I)     White-necked rockfowl   Picathartes oreas (I)     Grey-necked rockfowl       Sylvia atricapilla (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Eurasian blackcap       Sylvia borin (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Garden warbler       Sylvia curruca (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Lesser whitethroat       Sylvia nisoria (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Barred warbler       Terpsiphone bourbonnensis (III Mauritius) Mascarene paradise-flycatcher       Turdus merula (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Eurasian blackbird       Turdus philomelos (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Song thrush Oriolidae       Old-world orioles       Oriolus oriolus (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Eurasian golden oriole Paradisaeidae       Birds of paradise     Paradisaeidae spp. (II)   Birds of paradise Paridae       Tits and chickadees       Parus ater (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Coal tit Pittidae       Pittas     Pitta guajana (II)   Banded pitta   Pitta gurneyi (I)     Gurney's pitta   Pitta kochi (I)     Whiskered pitta     Pitta nympha (II)   Fairy pitta Pycnonotidae       Bulbuls     Pycnonotus zeylanicus (II)   Straw-headed bulbul Sturnidae       Mynas     Gracula religiosa (II)   Hill myna   Leucopsar rothschildi (I)     Bali myna Troglodytidae       Wrens       Troglodytes troglodytes (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) Eurasian wren Zosteropidae       White-eyes   Zosterops albogularis (I)     White-chested white-eye PELECANIFORMES         Fregatidae       Frigatebirds   Fregata andrewsi (I)     Christmas frigatebird Pelecanidae       Pelicans   Pelecanus crispus (I)     Dalmatian pelican Sulidae       Boobies   Papasula abbotti (I)     Abbott's booby PICIFORMES         Capitonidae       Barbets       Semnornis ramphastinus (III Colombia) Toucan barbet Picidae       Woodpeckers   Dryocopus javensis richardsi (I)     Tristram's woodpecker Ramphastidae       Toucans       Baillonius bailloni (III Argentina) Saffron toucanet     Pteroglossus aracari (II)   Black-necked aracari       Pteroglossus castanotis (III Argentina) Chestnut-eared aracari     Pteroglossus viridis (II)   Green aracari       Ramphastos dicolorus (III Argentina) Red-breasted toucan     Ramphastos sulfuratus (II)   Keel-billed toucan     Ramphastos toco (II)   Toco toucan     Ramphastos tucanus (II)   Red-billed toucan     Ramphastos vitellinus (II)   Channel-billed toucan       Selenidera maculirostris (III Argentina) Spot-billed toucanet PODICIPEDIFORMES         Podicipedidae       Grebes   Podilymbus gigas (I)     Atitlan Grebe PROCELLARIIFORMES         Diomedeidae       Albatrosses   Phoebastria albatrus (I)     Short-tailed albatross PSITTACIFORMES       Cockatoos, lories, macaws, parakeets, parrots etc.     PSITTACIFORMES spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A and excluding Agapornis roseicollis , Melopsittacus undulatus , Nymphicus hollandicus and Psittacula krameri , which are not included in the Annexes to this Regulation)   Parrots, etc. Cacatuidae       Cockatoos   Cacatua goffiniana (I)     Tanimbar cockatoo   Cacatua haematuropygia (I)     Philippine cockatoo   Cacatua moluccensis (I)     Salmon-crested cockatoo   Cacatua sulphurea (I)     Yellow-crested cockatoo   Probosciger aterrimus (I)     Palm cockatoo Loriidae       Lories, lorikeets   Eos histrio (I)     Red and blue lory   Vini spp. (I/II) ( Vini ultramarina is listed in Appendix I, the other species are listed in Appendix II)     Blue lorikeets Psittacidae       Amazons, macaws, parakeets, parrots   Amazona arausiaca (I)     Red-necked parrot   Amazona auropalliata (I)     Yellow-naped parrot   Amazona barbadensis (I)     Yellow-shouldered parrot   Amazona brasiliensis (I)     Red-tailed parrot   Amazona finschi (I)     Lilac-crowned parrot   Amazona guildingii (I)     St Vincent parrot   Amazona imperialis (I)     Imperial parrot   Amazona leucocephala (I)     Cuban parrot   Amazona oratrix (I)     Yellow-headed parrot   Amazona pretrei (I)     Red-spectacled parrot   Amazona rhodocorytha (I)     Red-browed parrot   Amazona tucumana (I)     Tucuman parrot   Amazona versicolor (I)     Saint Lucia parrot   Amazona vinacea (I)     Vinaceous parrot   Amazona viridigenalis (I)     Green-cheeked parrot   Amazona vittata (I)     Puerto Rican parrot   Anodorhynchus spp. (I)     Blue macaws   Ara ambiguus (I)     Great green macaw   Ara glaucogularis (I)     Blue-throated macaw   Ara macao (I)     Scarlet macaw   Ara militaris (I)     Military macaw   Ara rubrogenys (I)     Red-fronted macaw   Cyanopsitta spixii (I)     Spix's macaw   Cyanoramphus cookii (I)     Norfolk Island parakeet   Cyanoramphus forbesi (I)     Chatham Island yellow-fronted parakeet   Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae (I)     Red-fronted parakeet   Cyanoramphus saisseti (I)     Red-crowned parakeet   Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni (I)     Coxen's double-eyed fig parrot   Eunymphicus cornutus (I)     Horned parakeet   Guarouba guarouba (I)     Golden parakeet   Neophema chrysogaster (I)     Orange-bellied parrot   Ognorhynchus icterotis (I)     Yellow-eared parrot   Pezoporus occidentalis (I)     Night parrot   Pezoporus wallicus (I)     Ground parrot   Pionopsitta pileata (I)     Pileated parrot   Primolius couloni (I)     Blue-headed macaw   Primolius maracana (I)     Blue-winged macaw   Psephotus chrysopterygius (I)     Golden-shouldered parrot   Psephotus dissimilis (I)     Hooded parrot   Psephotus pulcherrimus (I)     Paradise parrot   Psittacula echo (I)     Mauritius parakeet   Psittacus erithacus (I)     African grey parrot   Pyrrhura cruentata (I)     Blue-throated parakeet   Rhynchopsitta spp. (I)     Thick-billed parrots   Strigops habroptilus (I)     Kakapo RHEIFORMES         Rheidae       Rheas   Pterocnemia pennata (I) (Except Pterocnemia pennata pennata which is included in Annex B)     Lesser rhea     Pterocnemia pennata pennata (II)   Lesser rhea     Rhea americana (II)   Greater rhea SPHENISCIFORMES         Spheniscidae       Penguins     Spheniscus demersus (II)   Jackass penguin   Spheniscus humboldti (I)     Humboldt penguin STRIGIFORMES       Owls     STRIGIFORMES spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A and except for Sceloglaux albifacies )   Owls Strigidae       Owls   Aegolius funereus (II)     Boreal owl   Asio flammeus (II)     Short-eared owl   Asio otus (II)     Long-eared owl   Athene noctua (II)     Little owl   Bubo bubo (II) (Except for Bubo bubo bengalensis which is included in Annex B)     Eurasian eagle-owl   Glaucidium passerinum (II)     Eurasian pygmy-owl   Heteroglaux blewitti (I)     Forest owlet   Mimizuku gurneyi (I)     Lesser eagle-owl   Ninox natalis (I)     Christmas hawk-owl   Nyctea scandiaca (II)     Snowy owl   Otus ireneae (II)     Sokoke scops-owl   Otus scops (II)     Eurasian scops-owl   Strix aluco (II)     Tawny owl   Strix nebulosa (II)     Great grey owl   Strix uralensis (II) (Except for Strix uralensis davidi which is included in Annex B)     Ural owl   Surnia ulula (II)     Northern hawk owl Tytonidae       Barn owls   Tyto alba (II)     Barn owl   Tyto soumagnei (I)     Soumagne's owl STRUTHIONIFORMES         Struthionidae       Ostrich   Struthio camelus (I) (Only the populations of Algeria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, the Niger, Nigeria, Senegal and the Sudan; all other populations are not included in the Annexes to this Regulation)     Ostrich TINAMIFORMES         Tinamidae       Tinamous   Tinamus solitarius (I)     Solitary tinamou TROGONIFORMES         Trogonidae       Quetzals   Pharomachrus mocinno (I)     Resplendent quetzal REPTILIA       Reptiles CROCODYLIA       Alligators, caimans, crocodiles     CROCODYLIA spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Alligators, caimans, crocodiles Alligatoridae       Alligators, caimans   Alligator sinensis (I)     Chinese alligator   Caiman crocodilus apaporiensis (I)     Rio Apaporis spectacled caiman   Caiman latirostris (I) (Except for the population of Argentina, which is included in Annex B)     Broad-nosed caiman   Melanosuchus niger (I) (Except for the population of Brazil, which is included in Annex B, and population of Ecuador, which is included in Annex B and is subject to a zero annual export quota until an annual export quota has been approved by the CITES Secretariat and the IUCN/SSC Crocodile Specialist Group)     Black caiman Crocodylidae       Crocodiles   Crocodylus acutus (I) (Except for the population of the Integrated Management District of Mangroves of the Bay of Cispata, Tinajones, La Balsa and Surrounding Areas, Department of Córdoba, Colombia, and the population of Cuba, which are included in Annex B, and the population of Mexico, which is included in Annex B and is subject to a zero export quota for wild specimens for commercial purposes)     American crocodile   Crocodylus cataphractus (I)     African slender-snouted crocodile   Crocodylus intermedius (I)     Orinoco crocodile   Crocodylus mindorensis (I)     Philippine crocodile   Crocodylus moreletii (I) (Except for the population of Belize, which is included in Annex B with a zero quota for wild specimens traded for commercial purposes, and the population of Mexico, which is included in Annex B)     Morelet's crocodile   Crocodylus niloticus (I) (Except for the populations of Botswana, Egypt [subject to a zero quota for wild specimens traded for commercial purposes], Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania [subject to an annual export quota of no more than 1600 wild specimens including hunting trophies, in addition to ranched specimens], Zambia and Zimbabwe; these populations are included in Annex B)     Nile crocodile   Crocodylus palustris (I)     Mugger crocodile   Crocodylus porosus (I) (Except for the populations of Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia [wild harvest restricted to the State of Sarawak and a zero quota for wild specimens for the other States of Malaysia (Sabah and Peninsular Malaysia), with no change in the zero quota unless approved by the CITES Parties] and Papua New Guinea, which are included in Annex B)     Estuarine crocodile   Crocodylus rhombifer (I)     Cuban crocodile   Crocodylus siamensis (I)     Siamese crocodile   Osteolaemus tetraspis (I)     West African dwarf crocodile   Tomistoma schlegelii (I)     False gharial Gavialidae       Gavial or gharial   Gavialis gangeticus (I)     Gharial RHYNCHOCEPHALIA         Sphenodontidae       Tuataras   Sphenodon spp. (I)     Tuataras SAURIA         Agamidae       Spiny-tailed lizards (Agamas, mastigures)       Calotes ceylonensis (III Sri Lanka) Painted-lip lizard       Calotes desilvai (III Sri Lanka) Desilvas’ whistling lizard       Calotes liocephalus (III Sri Lanka) Crestless lizard       Calotes liolepis (III Sri Lanka) Whistling lizard       Calotes manamendrai (III Sri Lanka) Manamendra-Arachchi’s whistling lizard       Calotes nigrilabris (III Sri Lanka) Black-cheek lizard       Calotes pethiyagodai (III Sri Lanka) Pethiyagoda’s crestless lizard     Ceratophora aspera (II) (Zero export quota for wild specimens for commercial purposes)   Rough-nosed horned lizard   Ceratophora erdeleni (I)     Erdelen’s horned lizard   Ceratophora karu (I)     Karu’s (horned) lizard     Ceratophora stoddartii (II) (Zero export quota for wild specimens for commercial purposes)   Rhino - horned lizard   Ceratophora tennentii (I)     Tennent's leaf – nosed lizard   Cophotis ceylanica (I)     Pygmy lizards   Cophotis dumbara (I)     Knuckles pygmy lizard     Lyriocephalus scutatus (II) (Zero export quota for wild specimens for commercial purposes)   Hump-nosed lizard     Saara spp. (II)         Uromastyx spp. (II)   Spiny-tailed lizards Anguidae       Alligator lizards     Abronia spp. (II) (except for the species included in Annex A. A zero export quota has been established for wild specimens for Abronia aurita , A. gaiophantasma , A. montecristoi , A. salvadorensis and A. vasconcelosii )   Alligator lizards   Abronia anzuetoi (I)         Abronia campbelli (I)         Abronia fimbriata (I)         Abronia frosti (I)         Abronia meledona (I)       Chamaeleonidae       Chameleons     Archaius spp. (II)         Bradypodion spp. (II)   Dwarf chameleons     Brookesia spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Dwarf chameleons   Brookesia perarmata (I)     Dwarf spiny chameleon     Calumma spp. (II)   Madagascar chameleons     Chamaeleo spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Chameleons   Chamaeleo chamaeleon (II)     European chameleon     Furcifer spp. (II)   Madagascar chameleons     Kinyongia spp. (II)   Dwarf chameleons     Nadzikambia spp. (II)   Dwarf chameleons     Palleon spp. (II)         Rhampholeon spp. (II)   Pygmy chamaeleons     Rieppeleon spp. (II)   Pygmy chamaeleons     Trioceros spp. (II)     Cordylidae       Spiny-tailed lizards     Cordylus spp. (II)   Girdled lizards     Hemicordylus spp. (II)         Karusaurus spp. (II)         Namazonurus spp. (II)         Ninurta spp. (II)         Ouroborus spp. (II)         Pseudocordylus spp. (II)         Smaug spp. (II)                         Gekkonidae       Geckos   Cnemaspis psychedelica (I)     Psychedelic rock gecko       Dactylocnemis spp. (III New Zealand)       Gekko gecko (II)   Tokay gecko   Gonatodes daudini (I) Goniurosaurus spp. (II) (except the species native to Japan) Goniurosaurus kuroiwae #18 (III Japan) Grenadines clawed gecko Tiger geckos Kuroiwa's eyelid gecko       Goniurosaurus orientalis #18 (III Japan) Spotted ground gecko       Goniurosaurus sengokui #18 (III Japan) Sengoku’s gecko       Goniurosaurus splendens #18 (III Japan)         Goniurosaurus toyamai #18 (III Japan) Iheyajima leopard gecko       Goniurosaurus yamashinae #18 (III Japan) Yamashina’s leopard gecko                 Hoplodactylus spp. (III New Zealand) Sticky-toed geckos   Lygodactylus williamsi (I)     Turquoise dwarf gecko       Mokopirirakau spp. (III New Zealand)       Nactus serpensinsula (II)   Serpent Island gecko     Naultinus spp. (II)   New Zealand tree geckos     Paroedura androyensis (II)   Grandidier’s Madagascar ground gecko     Paroedura masobe (II)   Masobe gecko     Phelsuma spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Day geckos   Phelsuma guentheri (II)     Round Island day gecko     Rhoptropella spp. (II)           Sphaerodactylus armasi (III Cuba) Guantanamo least gecko       Sphaerodactylus celicara (III Cuba) Baracoan eyespot sphaero       Sphaerodactylus dimorphicus (III Cuba)         Sphaerodactylus intermedius (III Cuba) Mantanzas least gecko       Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus alayoi (III Cuba)         Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus granti (III Cuba)         Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus lissodesmus (III Cuba)         Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus ocujal (III Cuba)         Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus strategus (III Cuba)         Sphaerodactylus notatus atactus (III Cuba)         Sphaerodactylus oliveri (III Cuba) Juventud least gecko       Sphaerodactylus pimienta (III Cuba) Pepper sphaero       Sphaerodactylus ruibali (III Cuba) Ruibal’s least gecko       Sphaerodactylus siboney (III Cuba)         Sphaerodactylus torrei (III Cuba) Barbour’s least gecko       Toropuku spp. (III New Zealand)         Tukutuku spp. (III New Zealand)       Uroplatus spp. (II)   Flat-tailed geckos       Woodworthia spp. (III New Zealand)   Helodermatidae       Gila monster and beaded lizard     Heloderma spp. (II) (Except for the subspecies included in Annex A)   Gila monster and beaded lizard   Heloderma horridum charlesbogerti (I)     Guatemalan beaded lizard Iguanidae       Iguanas     Amblyrhynchus cristatus (II)   Galapagos marine iguana   Brachylophus spp. (I)     Fiji iguanas     Conolophus spp. (II)   Galapagos land iguanas     Ctenosaura spp. (II)   Spiny-tailed iguanas   Cyclura spp. (I)     Ground iguanas     Iguana spp. (II)   Iguanas     Phrynosoma blainvillii (II)   Blaineville’s horned lizard     Phrynosoma cerroense (II)   Cedros Island horned lizard     Phrynosoma coronatum (II)   Coast horned lizard     Phrynosoma wigginsi (II)   Gulf coast horned lizard   Sauromalus varius (I)     San Esteban Island chuckwalla Lacertidae       Lizards   Gallotia simonyi (I)     Hierro giant lizard   Podarcis lilfordi (II)     Lilford's wall lizard   Podarcis pityusensis (II)     Ibiza wall lizard Lanthanotidae       Earless Monitor Lizard     Lanthanotidae spp. (II) (A zero export quota has been established for wild specimens for commercial trade)     Polychrotidae       Anoles       Anolis agueroi (III Cuba)         Anolis baracoae (III Cuba)         Anolis barbatus (III Cuba)         Anolis chamaeleonides (III Cuba)         Anolis equestris (III Cuba)         Anolis guamuhaya (III Cuba)         Anolis luteogularis (III Cuba)         Anolis pigmaequestris (III Cuba)         Anolis porcus (III Cuba)   Scincidae       Skinks     Corucia zebrata (II)   Prehensile-tailed skink Teiidae       Caiman lizards, tegu lizards     Crocodilurus amazonicus (II)   Dragon lizard     Dracaena spp. (II)   Caiman lizards     Salvator spp. (II)         Tupinambis spp.(II)   Tegus Varanidae       Monitor lizards     Varanus spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Monitor lizards   Varanus bengalensis (I)     Indian monitor   Varanus flavescens (I)     Yellow monitor   Varanus griseus (I)     Desert monitor   Varanus komodoensis (I)     Komodo dragon   Varanus nebulosus (I)     Clouded monitor   Varanus olivaceus (II)     Gray's monitor Xenosauridae       Chinese crocodile lizard   Shinisaurus crocodilurus (I)     Chinese crocodile lizard SERPENTES       Snakes Boidae       Boas     Boidae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Boas   Acrantophis spp. (I)     Madagascar ground boas   Boa constrictor occidentalis (I)     Argentine boa constrictor   Epicrates inornatus (I)     Puerto Rican boa   Epicrates monensis (I)     Virgin Island tree boa   Epicrates subflavus (I)     Jamaican boa   Eryx jaculus (II)     Spotted sand boa   Sanzinia madagascariensis (I)     Madagascar tree boa Bolyeriidae       Round Island boas     Bolyeriidae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Round Island boas   Bolyeria multocarinata (I)     Round Island boa   Casarea dussumieri (I)     Round Island keel-scaled boa Colubridae       Typical snakes, water snakes, whip snakes       Atretium schistosum (III India) Olive keel-back       Cerberus rynchops (III India) Dog-faced water snake     Clelia clelia (II)   Mussurana     Cyclagras gigas (II)   False cobra     Elachistodon westermanni (II)   Indian egg-eating snake     Ptyas mucosus (II)   Common rat snake       Xenochrophis piscator (III India) Checkered keel-back       Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri (III India)         Xenochrophis tytleri (III India)   Elapidae       Cobras, coral snakes     Hoplocephalus bungaroides (II)   Broad-headed snake       Micrurus diastema (III Honduras) Atlantic coral snake       Micrurus nigrocinctus (III Honduras) Central American coral snake       Micrurus ruatanus (III Honduras)       Naja atra (II)   Chinese spitting cobra     Naja kaouthia (II)   Monocellate cobra     Naja mandalayensis (II)   Burmese spitting cobra     Naja naja (II)   Indian cobra     Naja oxiana (II)   Central Asian cobra     Naja philippinensis (II)   North Philippine spitting cobra     Naja sagittifera (II)   Andaman cobra     Naja samarensis (II)   South-east Philippine spitting cobra     Naja siamensis (II)   Indochinese spitting cobra     Naja sputatrix (II)   South Indonesian spitting cobra     Naja sumatrana (II)   Golden spitting cobra     Ophiophagus hannah (II)   King cobra Loxocemidae       Mexican dwarf boa     Loxocemidae spp. (II)   Mexican dwarf boa Pythonidae       Pythons     Pythonidae spp. (II) (Except for the subspecies included in Annex A)   Pythons   Python molurus molurus (I)     Indian python Tropidophiidae       Wood boas     Tropidophiidae spp. (II)   Wood boas Viperidae       Vipers     Atheris desaixi (II)   Mt. Kenya bush viper     Bitis worthingtoni (II)   Kenya horned viper       Crotalus durissus (III Honduras) (Except for the subspecies which is listed in Annex B) Neotropical rattlesnake     Crotalus durissus unicolor   Aruba rattlesnake       Daboia russelii (III India) Russell's viper     Pseudocerastes urarachnoides (II)   Spider-tailed horned viper     Trimeresurus mangshanensis (II)   Mangshan pit-viper   Vipera latifii     Latifi's viper   Vipera ursinii (I) (Only the population of Europe, except the area which formerly constituted the USSR; these latter populations are not included in the Annexes to this Regulation)     Orsini's viper     Vipera wagneri (II)   Wagner's viper TESTUDINES         Carettochelyidae       Pig-nosed turtles     Carettochelys insculpta (II)   Pig-nosed turtle Chelidae       Austro-American sideneck turtles     Chelodina mccordi (II) (A zero annual export quota has been established for specimens removed from the wild)   Roti snake-necked turtle   Pseudemydura umbrina (I)     Western swamp turtle Cheloniidae       Sea turtles   Cheloniidae spp. (I)     Sea turtles Chelydridae       Snapping turtles       Chelydra serpentina (III United States of America)         Macrochelys temminckii (III United States of America) Alligator snapping turtle Dermatemydidae       Central American river turtle     Dermatemys mawii (II)   Central American river turtle Dermochelyidae       Leatherback turtle   Dermochelys coriacea (I)     Leatherback turtle Emydidae       Box turtles, freshwater turtles     Chrysemys picta (Only live specimens)   Painted turtle     Clemmys guttata (II)   Spotted turtle     Emydoidea blandingii (II)   Blanding’s turtle       Emys orbicularis (III Ukraine) (population of Ukraine) European pond turtle     Glyptemys insculpta (II)   Wood turtle   Glyptemys muhlenbergii (I)     Bog turtle       Graptemys spp. (III United States of America) Map turtles     Malaclemys terrapin (II)   Diamondback terrapin     Terrapene spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Box turtles   Terrapene coahuila (I)     Aquatic box turtle Geoemydidae           Batagur affinis (I)     Southern river terrapin   Batagur baska (I)     Batagur     Batagur borneoensis (II) (A zero annual export quota has been established for specimens removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes)         Batagur dhongoka (II)         Batagur kachuga (II)         Batagur trivittata (II) (A zero annual export quota has been established for specimens removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes)         Cuora spp. (II) (Except the species included in Annex A, a zero annual export quota has been established for Cuora aurocapitata, C. flavomarginata, C. galbinifrons, C. mccordi, C. mouhotii, C. pani, C. trifasciata, C. yunnanensis and C. zhoui for specimens removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes)   Asian box turtles   Cuora bourreti (I)     Bourret’s box turtle   Cuora picturata (I)     Indochinese box turtle     Cyclemys spp. (II)   Asian leaf turtles   Geoclemys hamiltonii (I)     Black pond turtle     Geoemyda japonica (II)   Ryukyu black-breasted leaf turtle     Geoemyda spengleri (II)   Black-breasted leaf turtle     Hardella thurjii (II)   Crowned river turtle     Heosemys annandalii (II) (A zero annual export quota has been established for specimens removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes)   Yellow-headed temple turtle     Heosemys depressa (II) (A zero annual export quota has been established for specimens removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes)   Arakan forest turtle     Heosemys grandis (II)   Giant Asian turtle     Heosemys spinosa (II)   Spiny turtle     Leucocephalon yuwonoi (II)   Sulawesi forest turtle     Malayemys macrocephala (II)   Snail-eating turtle     Malayemys subtrijuga (II)   Ricefield turtle   Mauremys annamensis (I)     Annam pond turtle       Mauremys iversoni (III China) Fujian pond turtle               Mauremys japonica (II)   Japanese pond turtle       Mauremys megalocephala (III China) Big-headed pond turtle     Mauremys mutica (II)   Yellow pond turtle     Mauremys nigricans (II)   Red-necked pond turtle       Mauremys pritchardi (III China) Pritchard’s pond turtle       Mauremys reevesii (III China) Reeves’s turtle       Mauremys sinensis (III China) Chinese stripe-necked turtle   Melanochelys tricarinata (I)     Three-keeled land tortoise     Melanochelys trijuga (II)   Indian black turtle   Morenia ocellata (I)     Burmese swamp turtle     Morenia petersi (II)   Indian eyed turtle     Notochelys platynota (II)   Malayan flat-shelled turtle       Ocadia glyphistoma (III China) Notch-mouthed stripe-necked turtle       Ocadia philippeni (III China) Philippen’s stripe-necked turtle     Orlitia borneensis (II) (A zero annual export quota has been established for specimens removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes)   Malayan giant turtle     Pangshura spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Roofed turtles   Pangshura tecta (I)     Indian roofed turtle     Sacalia bealei (II)   Beal’s eyed turtle       Sacalia pseudocellata (III China) Chinese false-eyed turtle     Sacalia quadriocellata (II)   Four-eyed turtle     Siebenrockiella crassicollis (II)   Black marsh turtle     Siebenrockiella leytensis (II)   Philippine pond turtle     Vijayachelys silvatica (II)   Cochin forest cane turtle Platysternidae       Big-headed turtles   Platysternidae spp. (I)     Big-headed turtles Podocnemididae       Afro-American sideneck turtles     Erymnochelys madagascariensis (II)   Madagascar sideneck turtle     Peltocephalus dumerilianus (II)   Big-headed sideneck turtle     Podocnemis spp. (II)   Sideneck turtles Testudinidae       Tortoises     Testudinidae spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A; a zero annual export quota has been established for Centrochelys sulcata for specimens removed from the wild and traded for primarily commercial purposes)   Tortoises   Astrochelys radiata (I)     Radiated tortoise   Astrochelys yniphora (I)     Angonoka   Chelonoidis niger (I)     Galapagos giant tortoise   Geochelone elegans (I)     Star tortoise   Geochelone platynota (I)     Burmese star tortoise   Gopherus flavomarginatus (I)     Bolson tortoise   Malacochersus tornieri (I)     Pancake tortoise   Psammobates geometricus (I)     Geometric tortoise   Pyxis arachnoides (I)     Madagascar spider tortoise   Pyxis planicauda (I)     Madagascar flat-shelled tortoise   Testudo graeca (II)     Spur-thighed tortoise   Testudo hermanni (II)     Hermann's tortoise   Testudo kleinmanni (I)     Egyptian tortoise   Testudo marginata (II)     Marginated tortoise Trionychidae       Softshell turtles, terrapins     Amyda cartilaginea (II)   Southeast Asian soft-shelled turtle       Apalone ferox (III United States of America)         Apalone mutica (III United States of America)         Apalone spinifera (III United States of America) (except for the subspecies included in Annex A)     Apalone spinifera atra (I)     Cuatro Cienagas soft-shell turtle     Chitra spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Narrow-headed softshell turtles   Chitra chitra (I)     Asian narrow-headed softshell   Chitra vandijki (I)     Burmese narrow-headed softshell     Cyclanorbis elegans (II)   Nubian flapshelll turtle     Cyclanorbis senegalensis (II)   Senegal flapshell turtle     Cycloderma aubryi (II)   Aubrys flapshelll turtle     Cycloderma frenatum (II)   Zambezi flapshell turtle     Dogania subplana (II)   Malayan soft-shelled turtle     Lissemys ceylonensis (II)   Sri Lankan flapshell turtle     Lissemys punctata (II)   Indo-Gangetic flapshell turtle     Lissemys scutata (II)   Burmese flapshell turtle     Nilssonia formosa (II)   Burmese peacock softshell   Nilssonia gangetica (I)     Indian soft-shell turtle   Nilssonia hurum (I)     Peacock soft-shell turtle     Nilssonia leithii (II)   Leith’s softshell turtle   Nilssonia nigricans (I)     Black soft-shell turtle     Palea steindachneri (II)   Wattle-necked softshell turtle     Pelochelys spp. (II)   Giant softshell turtles     Pelodiscus axenaria (II)   Hunan softshell turtle     Pelodiscus maackii (II)   Amur softshell turtle     Pelodiscus parviformis (II)   Chinese softshell turtle     Rafetus euphraticus (II)   Euphrates softshell turtle     Rafetus swinhoei (II)   Yangtze softshell turtle     Trionyx triunguis (II)   Nile softshell turtle AMPHIBIA       Amphibians ANURA       Frogs and toads Aromobatidae       Cryptic forest frogs     Allobates femoralis (II)   Brilliant-thighed poison frog     Allobates hodli (II)         Allobates myersi (II)   Myers’ poison frog     Allobates zaparo (II)   Sanguine poison frog     Anomaloglossus rufulus (II)   Chimanta poison frog Bufonidae       Toads   Altiphrynoides spp. (I)     Malcolm’s Ethiopian toad   Amietophrynus channingi (I)         Amietophrynus superciliaris (I)     Cameroon toad   Atelopus zeteki (I)     Golden frog   Incilius periglenes (I)     Golden toad   Nectophrynoides spp. (I)     African viviparous toads   Nimbaphrynoides spp. (I)     Nimba toads Calyptocephalellidae               Calyptocephalella gayi (III Chile) Chilean helmeted water toad Conrauidae       Frogs     Conraua goliath   Goliath frog Dendrobatidae       Poison frogs     Adelphobates spp. (II)         Ameerega spp. (II)         Andinobates spp. (II)         Dendrobates spp. (II)   Poison-arrow frogs     Epipedobates spp. (II)   Poison-arrow frogs     Excidobates spp. (II)         Hyloxalus azureiventris (II)   Sky-blue poison frog     Minyobates spp. (II)   Demonic poison frogs     Oophaga spp. (II)         Phyllobates spp. (II)   Poison-arrow frogs     Ranitomeya spp. (II)     Dicroglossidae       Frogs     Euphlyctis hexadactylus (II)   Six-fingered frog     Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (II)   Tiger frog Hylidae       Tree frogs     Agalychnis annae (II) Agalychnis callidryas (II) Agalychnis moreletii (II) Agalychnis saltator (II) Agalychnis spurrelli (II)   Blue-sided leaf frog Red-eyed tree frog Morelet's leaf frog Misfit leaf frog Gliding leaf frog Mantellidae       Mantella frogs     Mantella spp. (II)   Mantella frogs Microhylidae       Tomato frogs     Dyscophus antongilii (II)   Tomato frog     Dyscophus guineti (II)   False tomato frog     Dyscophus insularis (II)   Antsouhy tomato frog     Scaphiophryne boribory (II)   Green marbled burrowing frog     Scaphiophryne gottlebei (II)   Red rain frog     Scaphiophryne marmorata (II)   Green marbled burrowing frog     Scaphiophryne spinosa (II)   Green marbled burrowing frog Myobatrachidae       Gastric brooding frogs     Rheobatrachus spp. (II) (Except for Rheobatrachus silus and Rheobatrachus vitellinus which are not included in the Annexes)   Gastric brooding frog Telmatobiidae       Water frogs   Telmatobius culeus (I)     Titicaca water frog CAUDATA         Ambystomatidae       Axolotls     Ambystoma dumerilii (II)   Lake Patzcuaro salamander     Ambystoma mexicanum (II)   Axolotl Cryptobranchidae       Giant salamanders   Andrias spp. (I)     Giant salamanders       Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (III United States of America) Hellbender Hynobiidae       Asiatic salamanders       Hynobius amjiensis (III China)   Salamandridae       Salamanders and newts       Echinotriton andersoni #18 (III Japan) Anderson's Newt     Echinotriton chinhaiensis (II)   Chinhai spiny newt     Echinotriton maxiquadratus (II)   Mountain spiny newt   Neurergus kaiseri (I)     Kaiser’s spotted newt     Paramesotriton spp. (II)   Asian warty newts       Salamandra algira (III Algeria)       Tylototriton spp. (II)   Crocodile newts ELASMOBRANCHII       Sharks and rays CARCHARHINIFORMES         Carcharhinidae       Requiem sharks     Carcharhinus falciformis (II)   Silky shark     Carcharhinus longimanus (II)   Oceanic whitetip shark Sphyrnidae       Hammerhead sharks     Sphyrna lewini (II)   Scalloped hammerhead shark     Sphyrna mokarran (II)   Great hammerhead shark     Sphyrna zygaena (II)   Smooth hammerhead shark LAMNIFORMES         Alopiidae       Thresher sharks     Alopias spp. (II)   Thresher sharks Cetorhinidae       Basking sharks     Cetorhinus maximus (II)   Basking shark Lamnidae       Mackerel sharks     Carcharodon carcharias (II)   Great white shark     Isurus oxyrinchus (II)   Shortfin mako     Isurus paucus (II)   Longfin mako     Lamna nasus (II)   Porbeagle MYLIOBATIFORMES         Myliobatidae             Manta spp. (II)   Manta rays     Mobula spp. (II)   Devil rays Potamotrygonidae       Freshwater stingrays       Paratrygon aiereba (III Colombia) Discus ray       Potamotrygon spp. (III Brazil) (population of Brazil)         Potamotrygon constellata (III Colombia) Thorny river stingray       Potamotrygon magdalenae (III Colombia) Magdalena river stingray       Potamotrygon motoro (III Colombia) Ocellate river stingray       Potamotrygon orbignyi (III Colombia) Smooth back river stingray       Potamotrygon schroederi (III Colombia) Rosette river stingray       Potamotrygon scobina (III Colombia) Raspy river stingray       Potamotrygon yepezi (III Colombia) Maracaibo river stingray ORECTOLOBIFORMES         Rhincodontidae       Whale sharks     Rhincodon typus (II)   Whale shark RHINOPRISTIFORMES                   Pristidae       Sawfishes   Pristidae spp. (I)     Sawfishes           Glaucostegidae       Giant guitarfishes     Glaucostegus spp. (II)   Giant guitarfish Rhinidae       Wedgefishes     Rhinidae spp. (II)   Wedgefishes ACTINOPTERI       Fish ACIPENSERIFORMES             ACIPENSERIFORMES spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)   Sturgeons and paddlefish Acipenseridae       Sturgeons   Acipenser brevirostrum (I)     Shortnose sturgeon   Acipenser sturio (I)     Common sturgeon ANGUILLIFORMES         Anguillidae       Freshwater eels     Anguilla anguilla (II)   European eel CYPRINIFORMES         Catostomidae       Cui-ui   Chasmistes cujus (I)     Cui-ui Cyprinidae       Blind carps, plaeesok     Caecobarbus geertsii (II)   African blind barb fish   Probarbus jullieni (I)     Ikan temoleh OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES       Arapaimas, bonytongues Arapaimidae             Arapaima gigas (II)   Arapaima Osteoglossidae       Bonytongues   Scleropages formosus (I)     Asian arowana   Scleropages inscriptus (I)       PERCIFORMES         Labridae       Wrasses     Cheilinus undulatus (II)   Humphead wrasse Pomacanthidae             Holacanthus clarionensis (II)   Clarion angelfish Sciaenidae       Totoabas   Totoaba macdonaldi (I)     Totoaba SILURIFORMES         Pangasiidae       Pangasid catfish   Pangasianodon gigas (I)     Giant catfish Loricariidae       Armoured catfishes       Hypancistrus zebra (III Brazil)   SYNGNATHIFORMES         Syngnathidae       Pipefishes, seahorses     Hippocampus spp. (II)   Seahorses DIPNEUSTI       Lungfishes CERATODONTIFORMES         Neoceratodontidae       Australian lungfishes     Neoceratodus forsteri (II)   Australian lungfish COELACANTHI       Coelacanths COELACANTHIFORMES         Latimeriidae       Coelacanths   Latimeria spp. (I)     Coelacanths ECHINODERMATA (STARFISH, BRITTLE STARS, SEA URCHINS AND SEA CUCUMBERS) HOLOTHUROIDEA       Sea cucumbers ASPIDOCHIROTIDA         Stichopodidae       Sea cucumbers       Isostichopus fuscus (III Ecuador) Brown sea cucumber HOLOTHURIIDA         Holothuriidae       Teatfishes, sea cucumbers     Holothuria fuscogilva (II)   Teatfísh     Holothuria nobilis (II) (         Holothuria whitmaei (II)     ARTHROPODA (ARTHROPODS) ARACHNIDA       Spiders and scorpions ARANEAE         Theraphosidae       Red-kneed tarantulas, tarantulas     Aphonopelma albiceps (II)         Aphonopelma pallidum (II)   Chihuahua rose-grey tarantula     Brachypelma spp. (II)   Central American tarantulas     Poecilotheria spp. (II)   Ornamental spiders SCORPIONES         Scorpionidae       Scorpions     Pandinus camerounensis (II)         Pandinus dictator (II)         Pandinus gambiensis (II)   Giant Senegalese scorpion     Pandinus imperator (II)   Emperor scorpion     Pandinus roeseli (II)     INSECTA       Insects COLEOPTERA       Beetles Lucanidae       Stag beetles       Colophon spp. (III South Africa) Cape stag beetles Scarabaeidae       Scarab beetles     Dynastes satanas (II)   Satanas beetle LEPIDOPTERA       Butterflies Nymphalidae               Agrias amydon boliviensis (III Bolivia)         Morpho godartii lachaumei (III Bolivia)         Prepona praeneste buckleyana (III Bolivia)   Papilionidae       Birdwing and swallowtail butterflies   Achillides chikae chikae (I)     Luzon peacock swallowtail   Achillides chikae hermeli (I)     Mindoro peacock swallowtail     Atrophaneura jophon (II)   Sri Lankan rose     Atrophaneura palu   Palu swallowtail butterfly     Atrophaneura pandiyana (II)   Malabar rose     Bhutanitis spp. (II)   Swallowtail butterflies     Graphium sandawanum   Apo swallowtail butterfly     Graphium stresemanni   Seram swallowtail     Ornithoptera spp. (II) (except for the species included in Annex A)   Birdwing butterflies   Ornithoptera alexandrae (I)     Queen Alexandra's birdwing     Papilio benguetanus         Papilio esperanza       Papilio homerus (I)     Homerus swallowtail   Papilio hospiton (II)     Corsican swallowtail     Papilio morondavana   Madagascan emperor swallowtail     Papilio neumoegeni         Parides ascanius   Fluminense swallowtail butterfly     Parides hahneli   Hahnel's amazonian swallowtail butterfly   Parides burchellanus (I)     Riverside swallowtail   Parnassius apollo (II)     Mountain apollo     Teinopalpus spp. (II)   Kaiser-I-Hind butterflies     Trogonoptera spp. (II)   Birdwing butterflies     Troides spp. (II)   Birdwing butterflies ANNELIDA (SEGMENTED WORMS AND LEECHES) HIRUDINOIDEA       Leeches ARHYNCHOBDELLIDA         Hirudinidae       Leeches     Hirudo medicinalis (II)   Northern medicinal leech     Hirudo verbana (II)   Southern medicinal leech MOLLUSCA (MOLLUSCS) BIVALVIA       Bivalve molluscs (clams, mussels etc.) MYTILOIDA         Mytilidae       Marine mussels     Lithophaga lithophaga (II)   European date mussel UNIONOIDA         Unionidae       Freshwater mussels, pearly mussels   Conradilla caelata (I)     Birdwing pearly mussel     Cyprogenia aberti (II)   Western fanshell mussel   Dromus dromas (I)     Dromedary pearly mussel   Epioblasma curtisii (I)     Curtis' pearly mussel   Epioblasma florentina (I)     Yellow-blossom pearly mussel   Epioblasma sampsonii (I)     Wabash riffleshell   Epioblasma sulcata perobliqua (I)     White catspaw mussel   Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum (I)     Green-blossom pearly mussel     Epioblasma torulosa rangiana (II)   Northern riffleshell   Epioblasma torulosa torulosa (I)     Turbercled-blossom pearly mussel   Epioblasma turgidula (I)     Turgid-blossom pearly mussel   Epioblasma walkeri (I)     Tan riffleshell   Fusconaia cuneolus (I)     Fine-rayed pigtoe pearly mussel   Fusconaia edgariana (I)     Shiny pigtoe pearly mussel   Lampsilis higginsii (I)     Higgins' eye pearly mussel   Lampsilis orbiculata orbiculata (I)     Pink mucket pearly mussel   Lampsilis satur (I)     Sandback pocketbook mussel   Lampsilis virescens (I)     Alabama lamp pearly mussel   Plethobasus cicatricosus (I)     White warty-back pearly mussel   Plethobasus cooperianus (I)     Orange-footed pimpleback mussel     Pleurobema clava (II)   Clubshell pearly mussel   Pleurobema plenum (I)     Rough pigtoe pearly mussel   Potamilus capax (I)     Fat pocketbook pearly mussel   Quadrula intermedia (I)     Cumberland monkey-face pearly mussel   Quadrula sparsa (I)     Appalachian monkey-face pearly mussel   Toxolasma cylindrella (I)     Pale lilliput pearly mussel   Unio nickliniana (I)     Nicklin's pearly mussel   Unio tampicoensis tecomatensis (I)     Tampico pearly mussel   Villosa trabalis (I)     Cumberland bean pearly mussel VENEROIDA         Tridacnidae       Giant clams     Tridacnidae spp. (II)   Giant clams CEPHALOPODA         NAUTILIDA         Nautilidae       Nautilus     Nautilidae spp. (II)   Nautilus GASTROPODA       Slugs, snails and conches MESOGASTROPODA         Strombidae       Conches     Strombus gigas (II)   Queen conch STYLOMMATOPHORA         Achatinellidae       Agate snails, oahu tree snails   Achatinella spp. (I)     Little agate shells Camaenidae       Green tree snail     Papustyla pulcherrima (II)   Manus green tree snail Cepolidae           Polymita spp. (I)     Cuban landsnails CNIDARIA (CORALS, FIRE CORALS, SEA ANEMONES) ANTHOZOA       Corals, sea anemones ANTIPATHARIA             ANTIPATHARIA spp. (II)   Black corals GORGONACEAE         Coralliidae       Red and pink corals       Corallium elatius (III China)         Corallium japonicum (III China)         Corallium konjoi (III China)         Corallium secundum (III China)   HELIOPORACEA         Helioporidae       Blue coral     Helioporidae spp. (II) (Includes only the species Heliopora coerulea )  ( 6 )   Blue coral SCLERACTINIA             SCLERACTINIA spp. (II)  ( 6 )   Stony corals STOLONIFERA         Tubiporidae       Organpipe corals     Tubiporidae spp. (II)  ( 6 )   Organpipe corals HYDROZOA       Sea ferns, fire corals, stinging medusas MILLEPORINA         Milleporidae       Wello fire corals     Milleporidae spp. (II)  ( 6 )   Wello fire corals STYLASTERINA         Stylasteridae       Lace corals     Stylasteridae spp. (II)  ( 6 )   Lace corals FLORA AGAVACEAE       Agaves   Agave parviflora (I)     Santa Cruz striped agave     Agave victoriae-reginae (II) #4   Queen Victoria agave     Nolina interrata (II)   Dehesa bear-grass     Yucca queretaroensis (II)   Queretaro yucca AMARYLLIDACEAE       Amaryllids     Galanthus spp. (II) #4   Snowdrops     Sternbergia spp. (II) #4   Sternbergias ANACARDIACEAE             Operculicarya decaryi (II)   Jabihy     Operculicarya hyphaenoides (II)   Jabihy     Operculicarya pachypus (II)   Tabily APOCYNACEAE             Hoodia spp. (II) #9   Hoodia     Pachypodium spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A) #4   Elephant trunks   Pachypodium ambongense (I)         Pachypodium baronii (I)         Pachypodium decaryi (I)           Rauvolfia serpentina (II) #2   Snake-root devil-pepper ARALIACEAE       Aralias     Panax ginseng (II) (Only the population of the Russian Federation; no other population is included in the Annexes to this Regulation) #3   Asian ginseng     Panax quinquefolius (II) #3   American ginseng ARAUCARIACEAE       Araucarias   Araucaria araucana (I)     Monkey-puzzle tree ASPARAGACEAE             Beaucarnea spp. (II)   Ponytail palm BERBERIDACEAE       Barberries     Podophyllum hexandrum (II) #2   Himalayan may-apple BROMELIACEAE       Air plants, bromelias     Tillandsia harrisii (II) #4   Harris' tillandsia     Tillandsia kammii (II) #4   Kamm's tillandsia     Tillandsia xerographica (II)  ( 7 ) #4   Xerographic tillandsia CACTACEAE       Cacti     CACTACEAE spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A and Pereskia  spp., Pereskiopsis spp. and Quiabentia  spp.)  ( 8 ) #4   Cacti   Ariocarpus spp. (I)     Living rock cacti   Astrophytum asterias (I)     Star cactus   Aztekium ritteri (I)     Aztec cactus   Coryphantha werdermannii (I)     Jobali pincushion cactus   Discocactus spp. (I)     Discocacti   Echinocereus ferrerianus ssp . lindsayorum (I)     Lindsay's hedgehog cacti   Echinocereus schmollii (I)     Lamb's-tail cactus   Escobaria minima (I)     Nelle's cactus   Escobaria sneedii (I)     Sneed's pincushion cactus   Mammillaria pectinifera (I) (includes ssp. solisioides )     Conchilinque   Melocactus conoideus (I)     Conelike Turk's-cap cactus   Melocactus deinacanthus (I)     Wonderfully-bristled Turk's cap cactus   Melocactus glaucescens (I)     Woolly waxy-stemmed Turk's-cap cactus   Melocactus paucispinus (I)     Few-spined Turk's-cap cactus   Obregonia denegrii (I)     Artichoke cactus   Pachycereus militaris (I)     Grenadier's cap   Pediocactus bradyi (I)     Brady's pincushion cactus   Pediocactus knowltonii (I)     Knowlton's cactus   Pediocactus paradinei (I)     Houserock valley cactus   Pediocactus peeblesianus (I)     Peebles's Navajo cactus   Pediocactus sileri (I)     Siler's pincushion cactus   Pelecyphora spp. (I)     Pine cane cactus   Sclerocactus blainei (I)     Blaine's fishhook cactus   Sclerocactus brevihamatus ssp . tobuschii (I)     Tobusch fishhook cactus   Sclerocactus brevispinus (I)     Pariette cactus   Sclerocactus cloverae (I)     New Mexico fishhook cactus   Sclerocactus erectocentrus (I)     Needle-spined pineapple cactus   Sclerocactus glaucus (I)     Colorado hookless cactus   Sclerocactus mariposensis (I)     Mariposa cactus   Sclerocactus mesae-verdae (I)     Mesa Verde cactus   Sclerocactus nyensis (I)     Tonopah fishook cactus   Sclerocactus papyracanthus (I)     Grama-grass cactus   Sclerocactus pubispinus (I)     Great-Basin fishhook cactus   Sclerocactus sileri (I)     Siler's fishhook cactus   Sclerocactus wetlandicus (I)     Unita Basin hookless cactus   Sclerocactus wrightiae (I)     Wright's fishhook cactus   Strombocactus spp. (I)     Peyote   Turbinicarpus spp. (I)     Turbinicarps   Uebelmannia spp. (I)     Uebelmann cacti CARYOCARACEAE       Ajos     Caryocar costaricense (II) #4   Ajillo COMPOSITAE (ASTERACEAE)       Asters, daisies, costus   Saussurea costus (I) (also known as S. lappa , Aucklandia lappa or A. costus )     Costus CUCURBITACEAE             Zygosicyos pubescens (II) (also known as Xerosicyos pubescens )   Tobory     Zygosicyos tripartitus (II)   Betoboky CUPRESSACEAE       Cypresses   Fitzroya cupressoides (I)     Alerce   Pilgerodendron uviferum (I)     Pilgerodendron     Widdringtonia whytei (II)   Mulanje cedar CYATHEACEAE       Tree ferns     Cyathea spp. (II) #4   Tree ferns CYCADACEAE       Cycads     CYCADACEAE spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A) #4   Cycads   Cycas beddomei (I)     Beddome’s cycad DICKSONIACEAE       Tree ferns     Cibotium barometz (II) #4         Dicksonia spp. (II) (Only the populations of the Americas; no other populations are included in the Annexes to this Regulation. This includes the synonyms Dicksonia berteriana , D. externa , D. sellowiana and D. stuebelii ) #4   Tree ferns DIDIEREACEAE       Didiereas     DIDIEREACEAE spp. (II) #4   Alluaudias, didiereas DIOSCOREACEAE       Yams     Dioscorea deltoidea (II) #4   Elephant's foot DROSERACEAE       Sundews     Dionaea muscipula (II) #4   Venus fly-trap EBENACEAE       Ebonies     Diospyros spp. (II) (Only the populations of Madagascar; no other population is included in the Annexes to this Regulation) #5     EUPHORBIACEAE       Spurges     Euphorbia spp. (II) #4 (Succulent species only except for: (1) Euphorbia misera ; (2) artificially propagated specimens of cultivars of Euphorbia trigona ; (3) artificially propagated specimens of Euphorbia lactea grafted on artificially propagated root stock of Euphorbia neriifolia , when they are: — crested, or — fan-shaped, or — colour mutants; (4) artificially propagated specimens of cultivars of Euphorbia ‘Milii’ when they are: — readily recognisable as artificially propagated specimens, and — introduced into or (re-)exported from the Union in shipments of 100 or more plants; which are not subject to this Regulation, and (5) the species included in Annex A)   Euphorbias   Euphorbia ambovombensis (I)         Euphorbia capsaintemariensis (I)         Euphorbia cremersii (I) (Includes the forma viridifolia and the var. rakotozafyi )         Euphorbia cylindrifolia (I) (Includes the ssp. tuberifera )         Euphorbia decaryi (I) (Includes the vars. ampanihyensis , robinsonii and sprirosticha )         Euphorbia francoisii (I)         Euphorbia handiensis (II)         Euphorbia lambii (II)         Euphorbia moratii (I) (Includes the vars. antsingiensis , bemarahensis and multiflora )         Euphorbia parvicyathophora (I)         Euphorbia quartziticola (I)         Euphorbia stygiana (II)         Euphorbia tulearensis (I)       FAGACEAE       Beeches, oaks       Quercus mongolica (III Russian Federation) #5 Mongolian oak FOUQUIERIACEAE       Ocotillos, boojums     Fouquieria columnaris (II) #4   Boojum tree   Fouquieria fasciculata (I)     Arbol del barril   Fouquieria purpusii (I)       GNETACEAE       Joint firs       Gnetum montanum (III Nepal) #1   JUGLANDACEAE       Walnuts, gavilan     Oreomunnea pterocarpa (II) #4   Gavilàn LAURACEAE             Aniba rosaeodora (II) (also known as A. duckei ) #12   Brazilian rosewood LEGUMINOSAE (FABACEAE)       Legumes     Dalbergia spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A) #15       Dalbergia nigra (I)     Brazilian rosewood       Dipteryx panamensis (III Costa Rica / Nicaragua) Almendro     Guibourtia demeusei (II) #15   Red bubinga     Guibourtia pellegriniana (II) #15   Rose bubinga, kevazingo     Guibourtia tessmannii (II) #15   Rose bubinga, kevazingo     Paubrasilia echinata (II) #10   Brazil wood     Pericopsis elata (II) #17   Afrormosia     Platymiscium parviflorum (II) #4   Quira macawood     Pterocarpus erinaceus (II)   African rosewood, Senegalese rosewood, kosso     Pterocarpus santalinus (II) #7   Red sandalwood     Pterocarpus tinctorius (II) #6   African padauk     Senna meridionalis (II)   Taraby LILIACEAE       Lilies     Aloe spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A and Aloe vera , also known as Aloe barbadensis , which is not included in the Annexes) #4   Aloes   Aloe albida (I)         Aloe albiflora (I)         Aloe alfredii (I)         Aloe bakeri (I)         Aloe bellatula (I)         Aloe calcairophila (I)         Aloe compressa (I) (Includes the vars. paucituberculata , rugosquamosa and schistophila )         Aloe delphinensis (I)         Aloe descoingsii (I)         Aloe fragilis (I)         Aloe haworthioides (I) (Includes the var. aurantiaca )         Aloe helenae (I)         Aloe laeta (I) (Includes the var. maniaensis )         Aloe parallelifolia (I)         Aloe parvula (I)         Aloe pillansii (I)         Aloe polyphylla (I)         Aloe rauhii (I)         Aloe suzannae (I)         Aloe versicolor (I)         Aloe vossii (I)       MAGNOLIACEAE       Magnolias       Magnolia liliifera var. obovata (III Nepal) #1 Safan MALVACEAE             Adansonia grandidieri (II) #16   Grandidier's baobab MELIACEAE       Mahoganies, cedars     Cedrela spp. (II) #6 (Populations of the Neotropics)   Spanish cedar                                   Swietenia humilis (II) #4   Honduras mahogany     Swietenia macrophylla (II) (Population of the Neotropics - includes Central and South America and the Caribbean) #6   Big-leaf mahogany     Swietenia mahagoni (II) #5   Caribbean mahogany NEPENTHACEAE       Pitcher plants (old-world)     Nepenthes spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A) #4   Tropical pitcher plants   Nepenthes khasiana (I)     Indian pitcher plant   Nepenthes rajah (I)     Giant tropical pitcher plant OLEACEAE       Olives, ashes       Fraxinus mandshurica (III Russian Federation) #5 Manchurian ash ORCHIDACEAE       Orchids     ORCHIDACEAE spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A)  ( 9 ) #4   Orchids   For all of the following Annex A orchid species, seedling or tissue cultures are not subject to this Regulation, when: — they are obtained in vitro , in solid or liquid media, and — meet the definition of ‘artificially propagated’ in accordance with Article 56 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 865/2006  ( 10 ) , and — when introduced into or (re-)exported from the Union are transported in sterile containers         Aerangis ellisii (I)         Cattleya jongheana (I)         Cattleya lobata (I)         Cephalanthera cucullata (II)     Hooded helleborine   Cypripedium calceolus (II)     Lady's slipper orchid   Dendrobium cruentum (I)         Goodyera macrophylla (II)     Madeiran lady’s-tresses   Liparis loeselii (II)     Fen orchid   Mexipedium xerophyticum (I)         Ophrys argolica (II)     Eyed bee orchid   Ophrys lunulata (II)     Crescent ophrys   Orchis scopulorum (II)     Madeiran orchid   Paphiopedilum spp. (I)     Asian slipper orchids   Peristeria elata (I)     Holy ghost orchid   Phragmipedium spp. (I)     South American slipper orchids   Renanthera imschootiana (I)     Red vanda   Spiranthes aestivalis (II)     Summer lady's-tresses OROBANCHACEAE       Broomrapes     Cistanche deserticola (II) #4   Desert cistanche PALMAE (ARECACEAE)       Palms     Beccariophoenix madagascariensis (II) #4   Manarano     Dypsis decaryi (II) #4   Triangle palm   Dypsis decipiens (I)     Butterfly palm     Lemurophoenix halleuxii (II)   Hovitra varimena       Lodoicea maldivica (III Seychelles) #13 Coco de Mer     Marojejya darianii (II)   Ravimbe     Ravenea louvelii (II)   Lakamarefo     Ravenea rivularis (II)   Gora     Satranala decussilvae (II)   Satranabe     Voanioala gerardii (II)   Voanioala PAPAVERACEAE       Poppies       Meconopsis regia (III Nepal) #1 Himalayan poppy PASSIFLORACEAE             Adenia firingalavensis (II)   Bottle liana     Adenia olaboensis (II)   Vahisasety     Adenia subsessilifolia (II)   Katakata PEDALIACEAE       Pedalium family     Uncarina grandidieri (II)   Uncarina     Uncarina stellulifera (II)   Uncarina PINACEAE       Pine family   Abies guatemalensis (I)     Guatemalan fir       Pinus koraiensis (III Russian Federation) #5   PODOCARPACEAE       Podocarps       Podocarpus neriifolius (III Nepal) #1 Yellow wood   Podocarpus parlatorei (I)     Parlatore's podocarp PORTULACACEAE       Portulacas, purslanes     Anacampseros spp. (II) #4   Purslanes     Avonia spp. (II) #4         Lewisia serrata (II) #4   Saw-toothed lewisia PRIMULACEAE       Primulas, cyclamens     Cyclamen spp. (II)  ( 11 ) #4   Cyclamens RANUNCULACEAE       Buttercups     Adonis vernalis (II) #2   Yellow adonis     Hydrastis canadensis (II) #8   Golden seal ROSACEAE       Roses, cherries     Prunus africana (II) #4   African cherry RUBIACEAE       Ayugue   Balmea stormiae (I)     Ayugue SANTALACEAE             Osyris lanceolata (II) (Only the populations of Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania; no other population is included in the Annexes) #2   East African sandalwood SARRACENIACEAE       Pitcher plants (new world)     Sarracenia spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A) #4   Pitcher plants   Sarracenia oreophila (I)     Green pitcher plant   Sarracenia rubra ssp . alabamensis (I)     Alabama canebrake pitcher plant   Sarracenia rubra ssp . jonesii (I)     Mountain sweet pitcher plant SCROPHULARIACEAE       Figworts     Picrorhiza kurrooa (II) (excludes Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora ) #2   Indian gentian STANGERIACEAE       Stangerias (cycads)     Bowenia spp. (II) #4   Cycads   Stangeria eriopus (I)     Stangeria TAXACEAE       Yews     Taxus chinensis and infraspecific taxa of this species (II) #2   Chinese yew     Taxus cuspidata and infraspecific taxa of this species (II)  ( 12 ) #2   Japanese yew     Taxus fuana and infraspecific taxa of this species (II) #2   Tibetan yew     Taxus sumatrana and infraspecific taxa of this species (II) #2   Sumatran yew     Taxus wallichiana (II) #2   Himalayan yew THYMELAEACEAE (AQUILARIACEAE)       Agarwood, ramin     Aquilaria spp. (II) #14   Agarwood     Gonystylus spp. (II) #4   Ramin     Gyrinops spp. (II) #14   Agarwood TROCHODENDRACEAE (TETRACENTRACEAE)       Tetracentrons       Tetracentron sinense (III Nepal) #1   VALERIANACEAE       Valerians     Nardostachys grandiflora (II) #2     VITACEAE             Cyphostemma elephantopus (II)   Lazampasika     Cyphostemma laza (II)   Laza     Cyphostemma montagnacii (II)   Lazambohitra WELWITSCHIACEAE       Welwitschias     Welwitschia mirabilis (II) #4   Welwitschia ZAMIACEAE       Cycads     ZAMIACEAE spp. (II) (Except for the species included in Annex A) #4   Cycads   Ceratozamia spp. (I)     Horncones   Encephalartos spp. (I)     Bread palms   Microcycas calocoma (I)     Palm corcho   Zamia restrepoi (I)       ZINGIBERACEAE       Ginger lilies     Hedychium philippinense (II) #4   Philippine garland-flower     Siphonochilus aethiopicus (II) (Populations of Mozambique, Eswatini, South Africa and Zimbabwe)   Natal ginger ZYGOPHYLLACEAE       Lignum-vitae     Bulnesia sarmientoi (II) #11   Holy wood     Guaiacum spp. (II) #2   Lignum-vitae   Annex D Common name FAUNA CHORDATA (CHORDATES) MAMMALIA   Mammals CARNIVORA     Canidae   Dogs, foxes, wolves   Vulpes vulpes griffithi (III India) §1 Red fox   Vulpes vulpes montana (III India) §1 Red fox   Vulpes vulpes pusilla (III India) §1 Red fox Mustelidae   Badgers, martens, weasels etc.   Mustela altaica (III India) §1 Mountain weasel   Mustela erminea ferghanae (III India) §1 Stoat   Mustela kathiah (III India) §1 Yellow-bellied weasel   Mustela sibirica (III India) §1 Siberian weasel AVES   Birds ANSERIFORMES     Anatidae   Ducks, geese, swans   Anas melleri Meller's duck REPTILIA   Reptiles SAURIA     Agamidae       Otocryptis wiegmanni Wiegmann's Agama   Physignathus cocincinus Chinese water dragon Cordylidae   Spiny-tail lizards   Platysaurus imperator Emperor flat lizard Gekkonidae   Geckos   Rhacodactylus auriculatus New Caledonia bumpy gecko   Rhacodactylus ciliatus Guichenot's giant gecko   Rhacodactylus leachianus New Caledonia giant gecko         Teratoscincus scincus (Includes Teratoscincus scincus rustamowi , T. s. keyserlingii and T. s. scincus ) Common wonder gecko Gerrhosauridae   Plated lizards   Tracheloptychus petersi Malagasy plated lizard   Zonosaurus karsteni Karsten's girdled lizard   Zonosaurus maximus Southeastern girdled lizard   Zonosaurus quadrilineatus Four-lined girdled lizard Scincidae   Skinks   Tribolonotus gracilis Crocodile skink   Tribolonotus novaeguineae New Guinea helmet skink SERPENTES     Colubridae   Typical snakes, water snakes, whip snakes   Elaphe carinata §1 Taiwan stink snake   Elaphe radiata §1 Radiated rat snake   Elaphe taeniura §1 Taiwan beauty snake   Enhydris bocourti §1 Bocourt's water snake   Homalopsis spp. §1 Masked water snake   Langaha nasuta Northern leafnose snake   Leioheterodon madagascariensis Madagascar menarana snake   Ptyas korros §1 Indochinese rat snake       Hydrophiidae   Sea snakes   Lapemis curtus (Includes Lapemis hardwickii ) §1 Shaw's sea snake Viperidae   Vipers         Pseudocerastes spp., except for the species, which is listed in Annex B False horned vipers AMPHIBIA     ANURA   Frogs and toads Bufonidae       Atelopus spp., except for the species listed in Annex A Harlequin toads Dicroglossidae   Frogs   Limnonectes macrodon Fanged River Frog or Javan Giant Frog Hylidae   Tree frogs   Phyllomedusa sauvagii Waxy monkey tree frog Leptodactylidae   Neotropical frogs   Leptodactylus laticeps Red spotted burrow frog Ranidae   Frogs   Pelophylax shqipericus Albanian pool frog CAUDATA     Hynobiidae   Asiatic salamanders   Ranodon sibiricus Semirechensk salamander / Central Asian salamander / Siberian salamander Plethodontidae   Lungless salamanders   Bolitoglossa dofleini Giant palm salamander Salamandridae   Newts and salamanders   Cynops ensicauda Sword-tailed newt   Echinotriton andersoni Anderson’s salamander   Laotriton laoensis Paddletail newt       ACTINOPTERYGII   Fish PERCIFORMES     Apogonidae       Pterapogon kauderni Banggai cardinalfish       MOLLUSCA (MOLLUSCS) GASTROPODA     Haliotidae       Haliotis midae Midas ear abalone FLORA AGAVACEAE   Agaves         Dasylirion longissimum Beargrass ARACEAE   Arums   Arisaema dracontium Green dragon   Arisaema erubescens     Arisaema galeatum     Arisaema nepenthoides     Arisaema sikokianum     Arisaema thunbergii var . urashima     Arisaema tortuosum         BIGNONIACEAE       Handroanthus spp. §5 Tabebuia  spp. §5 Roseodendron  spp. §5 Trumpet trees BURSERACEAE   Burseras   Aucoumea klaineana §5 Boswellia spp. §4 Gabon mahogany COMPOSITAE (ASTERACEAE)   Asters, daisies, costus   Arnica montana §2 Mountain tobacco         Othonna clavifolia           Othonna herrei           Othonna retrorsa   CRASSULACEAE Rhodiola spp. §4 Stonecrops, orpines Roseroots, rhodiolas, golden root ERICACEAE   Heathers, rhododendrons   Arctostaphylos uva-ursi §2 Bearberry GENTIANACEAE   Gentians   Gentiana lutea §2 Great yellow gentian LEGUMINOSAE   Legumes   Millettia stuhlmannii §5 Panga-panga   Pterocarpus macrocarpus §4 Burma padauk LILIACEAE   Wakerobins   Trillium pusillum Dwarf wakerobin   Trillium rugelii Ill-scented wakerobin   Trillium sessile Sessile-flowered wakerobin wood-lily LYCOPODIACEAE   Clubmosses   Lycopodium clavatum §2 Stagshorn clubmoss MELIACEAE   Mahoganies, cedars   Entandrophragma cylindricum §5 Sapele mahogany   Khaya spp. §5 African mahogany MENYANTHACEAE   Bogbeans   Menyanthes trifoliata §2 Bogbean PARMELIACEAE   Parmelioid lichens   Cetraria islandica §2 Icelandic moss PASSIFLORACEAE   Desert roses   Adenia glauca Desert rose   Adenia pechuelli Desert rose PEDALIACEAE   Sesame, devil’s claw   Harpagophytum spp. §2 Devil’s claw SANTALACEAE   Sandalwoods   Okoubaka aubrevillei §2 Death tree SAPOTACEAE   Sapodillas   Baillonella toxisperma §5 Moabi SELAGINELLACEAE   Clubmosses, spikemosses   Selaginella lepidophylla Rose of Jericho ’ ( 1 )   Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds ( OJ L 20, 26.1.2010, p. 7 ). ( 2 )   Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora ( OJ L 206, 22.7.1992, p. 7 ). ( 3 )   For the exclusive purpose of allowing international trade in fibre from vicuñas ( Vicugna vicugna ) and their derivative products, only if the fibre comes from the shearing of live vicuñas. Trade in products derived from the fibre may only take place in accordance with the following provisions: a) Any person or entity processing vicuña fibre to manufacture cloth and garments must request authorization from the relevant authorities of the country of origin [Countries of origin: The countries where the species occurs, that is, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador and Peru] to use the "vicuña country of origin" wording, mark or logo adopted by the range States of the species that are signatories to the Convention for the Conservation and Management of the Vicuña. b) Marketed cloth or garments must be marked or identified in accordance with the following provisions: i) For international trade in cloth made from live-sheared vicuña fibre, whether the cloth was produced within or outside of the range States of the species, the wording, mark or logo must be used so that the country of origin can be identified. The VICUÑA [COUNTRY OF ORIGIN] wording, mark or logo has the format as detailed below: This wording, mark or logo must appear on the reverse side of the cloth. In addition, the selvages of the cloth must bear the words VICUÑA [COUNTRY OF ORIGIN]. ii) For international trade in garments made from live-sheared vicuña fibre, whether the garments were produced within or outside of the range States of the species, the wording, mark or logo indicated in paragraph b) i) must be used. This wording, mark or logo must appear on a label in the garment itself. If the garments are produced outside of the country of origin, the name of the country where the garment was produced should also be indicated, in addition to the wording, mark or logo referred to in paragraph b) i). c) For international trade in handicraft products made from live-sheared vicuña fibre produced within the range States of the species, the VICUÑA [COUNTRY OF ORIGIN] - ARTESANÍA wording, mark or logo must be used as detailed below: d) If live-sheared vicuña fibre from various countries of origin is used for the production of cloth and garments, the wording, mark or logo of each of the countries of origin of the fibre must be indicated, as detailed in paragraphs b) i) and ii). e) All other specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species listed in Appendix I and the trade in them shall be regulated accordingly. ( 4 )   All species are listed in Appendix II to the Convention except Balaena mysticetus, Eubalaena spp ., Balaenoptera acutorostrata (except population of West Greenland), Balaenoptera bonaerensis, Balaenoptera borealis, Balaenoptera edeni, Balaenoptera musculus, Balaenoptera omurai, Balaenoptera physalus, Megaptera novaeangliae, Orcaella brevirostris, Orcaella heinsohni, Sotalia spp., Sousa spp., Eschrichtius robustus, Lipotes vexillifer, Caperea marginata, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, Neophocaena phocaenoides, Phocoena sinus, Physeter macrocephalus, Platanista spp., Berardius spp ., Hyperoodon spp ., which are listed in Appendix I. Specimens of the species listed in Appendix II to the Convention, including products and derivatives other than meat products for commercial purposes, taken by the people of Greenland under licence granted by the competent authority concerned, shall be treated as belonging to Annex B. A zero annual export quota is established for live specimens from the Black Sea population of Tursiops truncatus removed from the wild and traded for primarily commercial purposes. ( 5 )   Populations of Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe (listed in Annex B): For the exclusive purpose of allowing: (a) trade in hunting trophies for non-commercial purposes; (b) trade in live animals to appropriate and acceptable destinations as defined in Resolution Conf. 11.20 (Rev. CoP18) for Botswana and Zimbabwe and for in situ conservation programmes for Namibia and South Africa; (c) trade in hides; (d) trade in hair; (e) trade in leather goods for commercial or non-commercial purposes for Botswana, Namibia and South Africa and for non-commercial purposes for Zimbabwe; (f) trade in individually marked and certified Ekipas incorporated in finished jewellery for non-commercial purposes for Namibia and ivory carvings for non-commercial purposes for Zimbabwe; (g) trade in registered raw ivory (for Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe whole tusks and pieces) subject to the following: (i) only registered government-owned stocks, originating in the State (excluding seized ivory and ivory of unknown origin); (ii) only to trading partners that have been verified by the Secretariat, in consultation with the Standing Committee, to have sufficient national legislation and domestic trade controls to ensure that the imported ivory will not be re-exported and will be managed in accordance with all requirements of Resolution Conf. 10.10 (Rev. CoP18) concerning domestic manufacturing and trade; (iii) not before the Secretariat has verified the prospective importing countries and the registered government-owned stocks; (iv) raw ivory pursuant to the conditional sale of registered government-owned ivory stocks agreed at CoP12 which are 20,000 kg (Botswana), 10,000 kg (Namibia) and 30,000 kg (South Africa); (v) in addition to the quantities agreed at CoP12, government-owned ivory from Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe registered by 31 January 2007 and verified by the Secretariat may be traded and despatched, with the ivory in paragraph (g)(iv) above in a single sale per destination under strict supervision of the Secretariat; (vi) the proceeds of the trade are used exclusively for elephant conservation and community conservation and development programmes within or adjacent to the elephant range; and (vii) the additional quantities specified in paragraph (g)(v) above shall be traded only after the Standing Committee has agreed that the above conditions have been met; (h) no further proposals to allow trade in elephant ivory from populations already in Annex B shall be submitted to the Conference of the Parties for the period from CoP14 and ending nine years from the date of the single sale of ivory that is to take place in accordance with provisions in paragraphs (g)(i), (g)(ii), (g)(iii), (g)(vi), and (g)(vii). In addition, such further proposals shall be dealt with in accordance with Decisions 14.77 and 14.78 (Rev. CoP15). On a proposal from the Secretariat, the Standing Committee can decide to cause this trade to cease partially or completely in the event of non-compliance by exporting or importing countries, or in the case of proven detrimental impacts of the trade on other elephant populations. All other specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species included in Annex A and the trade in them shall be regulated accordingly. ( 6 )   The following are not subject to the provisions of this Regulation:   Fossils;   Coral sand, that is to say, material consisting entirely or in part of finely crushed fragments of dead coral no larger than 2 mm in diameter, not identifiable to the level of genus, and which may also contain, amongst other things, the remains of Foraminifera, mollusc and crustacean shell, and coralline algae;   Coral fragments (including gravel and rubble), that is to say, unconsolidated fragments of broken finger-like dead coral and other material between 2 and 30 mm measured in any direction, not identifiable to the level of genus. ( 7 )   Trade of specimens with source code A is allowed only if specimens traded possess cataphylls. ( 8 )   Artificially propagated specimens of the following hybrids and/or cultivars are not subject to the provisions of this Regulation:   Hatiora x graeseri   Schlumbergera x buckleyi   Schlumbergera russelliana x Schlumbergera truncata   Schlumbergera orssichiana x Schlumbergera truncata   Schlumbergera opuntioides x Schlumbergera truncata   Schlumbergera truncata (cultivars)   Cactaceae spp. colour mutants grafted on the following grafting stocks: Harrisia 'Jusbertii', Hylocereus trigonus or Hylocereus undatus   Opuntia microdasys (cultivars) ( 9 )   Artificially propagated hybrids of Cymbidium , Dendrobium , Phalaenopsis and Vanda are not subject to the provisions of this Regulation, when specimens are readily recognizable as artificially propagated and do not show any signs of having been collected in the wild such as mechanical damage or strong dehydration resulting from collection, irregular growth and heterogeneous size and shape within a taxon and shipment, algae or other epiphyllous organisms adhering to leaves, or damage by insects or other pests; and (a) when shipped in non flowering state, the specimens must be traded in shipments consisting of individual containers (such as cartons, boxes, crates or individual shelves of CC-containers) each containing 20 or more plants of the same hybrid; the plants within each container must exhibit a high degree of uniformity and healthiness; and the shipment must be accompanied by documentation, such as an invoice, which clearly states the number of plants of each hybrid; or (b) when shipped in flowering state, with at least one fully open flower per specimen, no minimum number of specimens per shipment is required but specimens must be professionally processed for commercial retail sale, e.g. labelled with printed labels or packaged with printed packages indicating the name of the hybrid and the country of final processing. This should be clearly visible and allow easy verification. Plants not clearly qualifying for the exemption must be accompanied by appropriate CITES documents. ( 10 )   Commission Regulation (EC) No 865/2006 of 4 May 2006 laying down detailed rules concerning the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating trade therein ( OJ L 166, 19.6.2006, p. 1 ). ( 11 )   Artificially propagated specimens of cultivars of Cyclamen persicum are not subject to the provisions of this Regulation. However, the exemption does not apply to such specimens traded as dormant tubers. ( 12 )   Artificially propagated hybrids and cultivars of Taxus cuspidata , live, in pots or other small containers, each consignment being accompanied by a label or document stating the name of the taxon or taxa and the text ‘artificially propagated’, are not subject to the provisions of this Regulation.

ANNEX 2Supplementary provisions

ANNEX 2 ‘ANNEX VIII Standard references for nomenclature to be used pursuant to Article 5(4) to indicate scientific names of species in permits and certificates FAUNA     Taxon concerned Taxonomic reference MAMMALIA     All MAMMALIA taxa — with the exception of the recognition of the following names for wild forms of species (in preference to names for domestic forms): Bos gaurus , Bos mutus , Bubalus arnee , Equus africanus , Equus przewalskii , and — with the exception of the taxa noted under the different Mammalia orders below Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (ed.) (2005 ). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . Third edition, Vol. 1-2, xxxv + 2 142 pp. Baltimore (John Hopkins University Press). ARTIODACTYLA Bovidae Ovis spp. Valdez, R. & Weinberg, P.J. (2011). Species accounts 188-207 for Ovis spp., pp. 727-739 in Wilson, D.E., & Mittermeier, R.A. (eds.), Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol.2. Hoofed Mammals. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 978-84-96553-77-4.   Camelidae Lama guanicoe Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (1993): Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . Second edition. xviii + 1 207 pp., Washington (Smithsonian Institution Press). CARNIVORA Felidae Felidae spp. Kitchener A. C., Breitenmoser-Würsten CH., Eizirik E., Gentry A., Werdelin L., Wilting A., Yamaguchi N., Abramov A. V., Christiansen P., Driscoll C., Duckworth J. W., Johnson W., Luo S.-J., Meijaard E., O’Donoghue P., Sanderson J., Seymour K., Bruford M., Groves C., Hoffmann M., Nowell K., Timmons Z. & Tobe S. (2017). A revised taxonomy of the Felidae. The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. Cat News Special Issue 11, 80 pp. CETACEA Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera omurai Wada, S., Oishi, M. & Yamada, T. K. (2003). A newly discovered species of living baleen whales. – Nature , 426 : 278-281.   Delphinidae Orcaella heinsohni Beasly, I., Robertson, K. M. & Arnold, P. W. (2005). Description of a new dolphin, the Australian Snubfin Dolphin, Orcaella heinsohni sp. n. (Cetacea, Delphinidae). -- Marine Mammal Science , 21 (3): 365-400.   Delphinidae Sotalia fluviatilis Sotalia guianensis Caballero, S., Trujillo, F., Vianna, J. A., Barrios-Garrido, H., Montiel, M. G., Beltrán-Pedreros, S., Marmontel, M., Santos, M. C., Rossi-Santos, M. R. & Baker, C. S. (2007). Taxonomic status of the genus Sotalia : species level ranking for "tucuxi" ( Sotalia fluviatilis ) and "costero" ( Sotalia guianensis ) dolphins. - Marine Mammal Science , 23 : 358-386.   Delphinidae Sousa plumbea Sousa sahulensis Jefferson, T. A.& Rosenbaum, H. C. (2014). Taxonomic revision of the humpback dolphins ( Sousa spp.), and description of a new species from Australia. Marine Mammal Science , 30 (4): 1494-1541.   Delphinidae Tursiops australis Charlton-Robb, K., Gershwin, L.-A., Thompson, R., Austin, J., Owen, K. & McKechnie, S. (2011). A new dolphin species, the Burrunan Dolphin Tursiops australis sp. nov., endemic to southern Australian coastal waters. PLoS ONE , 6 (9): e24047.   Iniidae Inia araguaiaensis Hrbek, T., da Silva, V. M. F., Dutra, N., Gravena, W., Martin, A. R. & Farias, I. P. (2014): A new species of river dolphin from Brazil or: How little do we know our biodiversity. PLoS ONE 83623 : 1-12.   Phocoenidae Neophocaena asiaeorientalis Jefferson, T. A. & Wang, J. Y. (2011). Revision of the taxonomy of finless porpoises (genus Neophocaena ): The existence of two species. Journal of Marine Animals and their Ecology , 4 (1): 3-16.   Physeteridae Physeter macrocephalus Rice, D. W. (1998). Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution - Society of Marine Mammalogy Special Publication Number 4 , The Society for Marine Mammalogy, Lawrence, Kansas.   Platanistidae Platanista gangetica Rice, D. W., (1998). Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution - Society of Marine Mammalogy Special Publication Number 4 , The Society for Marine Mammalogy, Lawrence, Kansas.   Ziphiidae Mesoplodon hotaula Dalebout, M. L., Scott Baker, C., Steel, D., Thompson, K., Robertson, K. M., Chivers, S. J., Perrin, W. F., Goonatilake, M., Anderson, C. R., Mead, J. G., Potter, C. W., Thompson, L., Jupiter, D. & Yamada, T. K. (2014). Resurrection of Mesoplodon hotaula Deraniyagala 1963: A new species of beaked whale in the tropical Indo-Pacific. Marine Mammal Science , 30 (3): 1081-1108. PRIMATES Atelidae Ateles geoffroyi Rylands, A. B., Groves, C. P., Mittermeier, R. A., Cortes-Ortiz, L. & Hines, J. J. (2006). Taxonomy and distributions of Mesoamerican primates. In: A. Estrada, P. Garber, M. Pavelka and L. Luecke (eds), New Perspectives in the Study of Mesoamerican Primates: Distribution, Ecology, Behavior and Conservation, pp. 29–79. Springer, New York, USA.   Aotidae Aotus jorgehernandezi Defler, T. R. & Bueno, M. L. (2007). Aotus diversity and the species problem. – Primate Conservation , 22 : 55-70.   Cebidae Callithrix manicorensis Garbino, T. & Siniciato, G. (2014). The taxonomic status of Mico marcai (Alperin 1993) and Mico manicorensis (van Roosmalen et al. 2000) (Cebidae, Callitrichinae) from Southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. International Journal of Primatology , 35 (2): 529-546. (for Mico marcai lumped with Mico manicorensis treated as Callithrix manicorensis under CITES]   Cebidae Cebus flavius Oliveira, M. M. de & Langguth, A. (2006). Rediscovery of Marcgrave’s Capuchin Monkey and designation of a neotype for Simia flava Schreber, 1774 (Primates, Cebidae). – Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, N.S., Zoologia , 523 : 1-16.   Cebidae Mico rondoni Ferrari, S. F., Sena, L., Schneider, M. P. C. & Júnior, J. S. S. (2010). Rondon’s Marmoset, Mico rondoni sp. n., from southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. International Journal of Primatology , 31 : 693-714.   Cebidae Saguinus ursulus Gregorin, R. & de Vivo, M. (2013). Revalidation of Saguinus ursula Hoffmannsegg (Primates: Cebidae: Callitrichinae). Zootaxa , 3721 (2): 172-182.   Cebidae Saimiri collinsi Merces, M. P., Alfaro, J. W. L., Ferreira, W. A. S., Harada, M. L. & Júnior, J. S. S. (2015). Morphology and mitochondrial phylogenetics reveal that the Amazon River separates two eastern squirrel monkey species: Saimiri sciureus and S. collinsi . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , 82 : 426-435.   Cercopithecidae Cercopithecus lomamiensis Hart, J.A., Detwiler, K.M., Gilbert, C.C., Burrell, A.S., Fuller, J.L., Emetshu, M., Hart, T.B., Vosper, A., Sargis, E.J. & Tosi, A.J. (2012). Lesula: A new species of Cercopithecus monkey endemic to the Democratic Republic of Congo and implications for conservation of Congo’s Central Basin. PLoS ONE , 7 (9): e44271.   Cercopithecidae Macaca munzala Sinha, A., Datta, A., Madhusudan, M. D. & Mishra, C. (2005). Macaca munzala : A new species from western Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. International Journal of Primatology , 26 (4): 977-989: doi:10.1007/s10764-005-5333-3.   Cercopithecidae Rhinopithecus strykeri Geismann, T., Lwin, N., Aung, S. S., Aung, T. N., Aung, Z. M., Hla, T. H., Grindley, M. & Momberg, F. (2011). A new species of snub-nosed monkey, genus Rhinopithecus Milne-Edwards, 1872 (Primates, Colobinae), from Northern Kachin State, Northeastern Myanmar. – American Journal of Primatology , 73 : 96-107.   Cercopithecidae Rungwecebus kipunji Davenport, T. R. B., Stanley, W. T., Sargis, E. J., de Luca, D. W., Mpunga, N. E., Machaga, S. J. & Olson, L. E. (2006). A new genus of African monkey, Rungwecebus : Morphology, ecology, and molecular phylogenetics. Science , 312 : 1378-1381.   Cercopithecidae Trachypithecus villosus Brandon- Jones, D., Eudey, A. A., Geissmann, T., Groves, C. P., Melnick, D. J., Morales J. C., Shekelle, M. & Steward, C.-B. (2004). Asian primate classification. International Journal of Primatology , 25 : 97-163.   Cercopithecidae Cheirogaleus lavasoensis Thiele, D., Razafimahatratra, E. & Hapke, A. (2013). Discrepant partitioning of genetic diversity in mouse lemurs and dwarf lemurs – biological reality or taxonomic bias? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , 69 : 593-609.   Cercopithecidae Microcebus gerpi Radespiel, U., Ratsimbazafy, J. H., Rasoloharijaona, S., Raveloson, H., Andriaholinirina, N., Rakotondravony, R., Randrianarison, R. M. & Randrianambinina, B. (2012). First indications of a highland specialist among mouse lemurs ( Microcebus spp.) and evidence for a new mouse lemur species from eastern Madagascar. Primates , 53 : 157-170.   Cercopithecidae Microcebus marohita Microcebus tanosi Rasoloarison, R. M., Weisrock, D. W., Yoder, A. D., Rakotondravony, D. & Kappeler, P. M. [2013]. Two new species of mouse lemurs (Cheirogaleidae: Microcebus ) from Eastern Madagascar. - International Journal of Primatology , 34: 455-469.   Hylobatidae Nomascus annamensis Van Ngoc Thinh, Mootnick, A. R., Vu Ngoc Thanh, Nadler, T. & Roos, C. (2010). A new species of crested gibbon from the central Annamite mountain range. Vietnamese Journal of Primatology, 4 : 1-12.   Lorisidae Nycticebus kayan Munds, R.A., Nekaris, K.A.I. & Ford, S.M. (2013). Taxonomy of the bornean slow loris, with new species Nycticebus kayan (Primates, Lorisidae). American Journal of Primatology , 75 : 46-56.   Pitheciidae Cacajao melanocephalus Cacajao oukary Ferrari, S. F., Guedes, P. G., Figueiredo-Ready, W. M. B. & Barnett, A. A. (2014). Reconsidering the taxonomy of the Black-faced Uacaris,  Cacajao melanocephalus  group (Mammalia: Pitheciidae), from the northern Amazon Basin. Zootaxa , 3866 (3): 353-370.   Pitheciidae Callicebus aureipalatii Wallace, R. B., Gómez, H., Felton, A. & Felton, A. (2006). On a new species of titi monkey, genus Callicebus Thomas (Primates, Pitheciidae), from western Bolivia with preliminary notes on distribution and abundance. Primate Conservation , 20 : 29-39.   Pitheciidae Callicebus caquetensis Defler, T. R., Bueno, M. L. & García, J. (2010). Callicebus caquetensis : a new and Critically Endangered titi monkey from southern Caquetá, Colombia. Primate Conservation , 25 : 1-9.   Pitheciidae Callicebus vieira Gualda-Barros, J., Nascimento, F. O. & Amaral, M. K. (2012). A new species of Callicebus Thomas, 1903 (Primates, Pitheciidae) from the states of Mato Grosso and Pará, Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) , 52 : 261-279.   Pitheciidae Callicebus miltoni Dalponte, J. C., Silva, F. E. & Silva Júnior, J. S. (2014). New species of titi monkey, genus Callicebus Thomas, 1903 (Primates, Pitheciidae), from Southern Amazonia, Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, São Paulo , 54 : 457-472.   Pitheciidae Pithecia cazuzai Pithecia chrysocephala Pithecia hirsuta Pithecia inusta Pithecia isabela Pithecia milleri Pithecia mittermeieri Pithecia napensis Pithecia pissinattii Pithecia rylandsi Pithecia vanzolinii Marsh, L.K. (2014). A taxonomic revision of the saki monkeys, Pithecia Desmarest, 1804. Neotropical Primates , 21 : 1-163.   Tarsiidae Tarsius lariang Merker, S. & Groves, C.P. (2006). Tarsius lariang : A new primate species from Western Central Sulawesi. International Journal of Primatology , 27 (2): 465-485.   Tarsiidae Tarsius tumpara Shekelle, M., Groves, C., Merker, S. & Supriatna, J. (2010). Tarsius tumpara: A new tarsier species from Siau Island, North Sulawesi. Primate Conservation , 23 : 55-64. PROBOSCIDEA Elephantidae Loxodonta africana Wilson, D. E. & Reeder, D. M. (1993). Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . Second edition. xviii + 1 207 pp., Washington (Smithsonian Institution Press). SCANDENTIA Tupaiidae Tupaia everetti Roberts, T. E., Lanier, H. C., Sargis, E. J. & Olson, L. E. (2011). Molecular phylogeny of treeshrews (Mammalia: Scandentia) and the timescale of diversification in Southeast Asia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , 60 (3): 358-372.   Tupaiidae Tupaia palawanensis Sargis, E. J., Campbell, K. K. & Olson, L. E. (2014). Taxonomic boundaries and craniometric variation in the treeshrews (Scandentia, Tupaiidae) from the Palawan faunal region. Journal of Mammalian Evolution , 21 (1): 111-123. AVES     Order- and family-level names for birds Morony, J. J., Bock, W. J. & Farrand, J., Jr. (1975). Reference List of the Birds of the World. American Museum of Natural History. 207 pp.     All bird species – with the exception of the taxa mentioned below and for Lophura imperialis and Lophura hatinhensis , specimens of which should be treated as specimens of L. edwardsi Dickinson, E.C. (ed.) (2003). The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Revised and enlarged 3rd Edition. 1 039 pp. London (Christopher Helm). in combination with Dickinson, E.C. (2005). Corrigenda 4 (02.06.2005) to Howard & Moore Edition 3 (2003). APODIFORMES Trochilidae Chlorostilbon lucidus Pacheco, J. F. & Whitney, B. M. (2006). Mandatory changes to the scientific names of three Neotropical birds Bull. Brit. Orn. Club , 126 : 242-244.   Trochilidae Eriocnemis isabellae Cortés-Diago, A., Ortega, L. A., Mazariegos-Hurtado, L. & Weller, A.-A. (2007) A new species of Eriocnemis (Trochilidae) from southwest Colombia. Ornitologia Neotropical, 18 :161-170.   Trochilidae Phaethornis aethopyga Piacentini, V. Q., Aleixo, A. & Silveira, L. F. (2009). Hybrid, subspecies or species? The validity and taxonomic status of Phaethornis longuemareus aethopyga Zimmer, 1950 (Trochilidae). Auk , 126 : 604-612. FALCONIFORMES Accipitridae Aquila hastata Parry, S. J., Clark, W. S. & Prakash, V. (2002). On the taxonomic status of the Indian Spotted Eagle Aquila hastata . Ibis , 144 : 665-675.   Accipitridae Buteo socotraensis Porter, R. F. & Kirwan, G. M. (2010). Studies of Socotran birds VI. The taxonomic status of the Socotra Buzzard. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists‘ Club , 130 (2): 116–131.   Falconidae Micrastur mintoni Whittaker, A. (2002). A new species of forest-falcon (Falconidae: Micrastur ) from southeastern Amazonia and the Atlantic rainforests of Brazil. Wilson Bulletin , 114 : 421-445. PASSERIFORMES Muscicapidae Garrulax taewanus Collar, N. J. (2006). A partial revision of the Asian babblers (Timaliidae). Forktail , 22 : 85-112. PSITTACIFORMES Cacatuidae Cacatua goffiniana Roselaar, C. S. & Michels, J. P. (2004). Nomenclatural chaos untangled, resulting in the naming of the formally undescribed Cacatua species from the Tanimbar Islands, Indonesia (Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae). Zoologische Verhandelingen , 350 : 183-196.   Loriidae Trichoglossus haematodus Collar, N. J. (1997). Family Psittacidae (Parrots). In del Hoyo, J., Elliot, A. and Sargatal, J. (eds.), Handbook of the Birds of the World , 4 (Sandgrouse to Cuckoos): 280-477. Barcelona (Lynx Edicions).   Psittacidae Aratinga maculata Nemesio, A. & Rasmussen, C. (2009). The rediscovery of Buffon’s “Guarouba” or “Perriche jaune”: two senior synonyms of Aratinga pintoi Silveira, Lima & Höfling, 2005 (Aves: Psittaciformes). Zootaxa , 2013 : 1-16.   Psittacidae Forpus modestus Pacheco, J. F. & Whitney, B. M. (2006). Mandatory changes to the scientific names of three Neotropical birds. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club , 126 : 242-244.   Psittacidae Pionopsitta aurantiocephala Gaban-Lima, R., Raposo, M. A. & Hofling, E. (2002). Description of a new species of Pionopsitta (Aves: Psittacidae) endemic to Brazil. Auk , 119 : 815-819.   Psittacidae Poicephalus robustus Poicephalus fuscicollis Coetzer, W.G., Downs, C.T., Perrin, M.R. & Willows-Munro, S. (2015). Molecular Systematics of the Cape Parrot ( Poicephalus robustus ). Implications for Taxonomy and Conservation. PLoS ONE , 10(8): e0133376. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133376.   Psittacidae Psittacula intermedia Collar, N. J. (1997) Family Psittacidae (Parrots). In del Hoyo, J., Elliot, A. and Sargatal, J. (eds.), Handbook of the Birds of the World , 4 (Sandgrouse to Cuckoos): 280-477. Barcelona (Lynx Edicions).   Psittacidae Pyrrhura griseipectus Olmos, F., Silva, W. A. G. & Albano, C. (2005). Grey-breasted Conure Pyrrhura griseipectus , an overlooked endangered species. Cotinga , 24 : 77-83.   Psittacidae Pyrrhura parvifrons Arndt, T. (2008). Anmerkungen zu einigen Pyrrhura -Formen mit der Beschreibung einer neuen Art und zweier neuer Unterarten. Papageien , 8: 278-286. STRIGIFORMES Strigidae Glaucidium mooreorum da Silva, J. M. C., Coelho, G. & Gonzaga, P. (2002). Discovered on the brink of extinction: a new species of pygmy owl (Strigidae: Glaucidium) from Atlantic forest of northeastern Brazil. Ararajuba , 10 (2): 123-130.   Strigidae Ninox burhani Indrawan, M. & Somadikarta, S. (2004). A new hawk-owl from the Togian Islands, Gulf of Tomini, central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club , 124 : 160-171.   Strigidae Otus thilohoffmanni Warakagoda, D. H. & Rasmussen, P. C. (2004). A new species of scops-owl from Sri Lanka. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club , 124 (2): 85-105. REPTILIA CROCODYLIA & RHYNCHOCEPHALIA   Crocodylia & Rhynchocephalia except for the taxa listed below Wermuth, H. & Mertens, R. (1996) (reprint). Schildkröte, Krokodile, Brückenechsen . xvii + 506 pp. Jena (Gustav Fischer Verlag).   Crocodylidae Crocodylus johnstoni Tucker, A. D. (2010). The correct name to be applied to the Australian freshwater crocodile, Crocodylus johnstoni [Krefft, 1873]. Australian Zoologist , 35 (2): 432-434.   Sphenodontidae Sphenodon spp. Hay, J. M., Sarre, S. D., Lambert, D. M., Allendorf, F. W. & Daugherty, C. H. (2010). Genetic diversity and taxonomy: a reassessment of species designation in tuatara ( Sphenodon : Reptilia). Conservation Genetics , 11 (93): 1063-1081. SAURIA   For delimitation of families within the Sauria Pough, F. H., Andrews, R. M., Cadle, J. E., Crump, M. L., Savitzky, A. H. & Wells, K. D. (1998). Herpetology. Upper Saddle River/New Jersey (Prentice Hall).   Agamidae Saara spp. Uromastyx spp. Wilms, T. M., Böhme, W., Wagner, P., Lutzmann, N. & Schmitz, A. (2009). On the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Uromastyx Merrem, 1820 (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae: Uromastycinae) – resurrection of the genus Saara Gray, 1845. Bonner zool. Beiträge , 56 (1-2): 55-99.   Anguidae Abronia spp. UETZ, P., FREED, P. & HŎSEK, J. (eds.) (2016). Taxonomic checklist of the species of the genus Abronia. Species information extracted from “The Reptile Database”, version of 15 August 2016, accessed 11 May 2017. See Annex 2 of AC29 Doc.35. at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A2.pdf   Chamaeleonidae Chamaleonidae spp. Glaw, F. (2015). Taxonomic checklist of chamaeleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Vertebrate Zoology , 65 (2): 167-246.   Cordylidae Cordylidae spp. except the taxon mentioned below Stanley, E. L., Bauer, A. M., Jackman, T. R., Branch, W. R. & P. le F. N. (2011). Between a rock and a hard polytomy: rapid radiation in the rupicolous girdled lizards (Squamata: Cordylidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , 58 (1): 53-70.   Cordylidae Cordylus marunguensis Greenbaum, E., Stanley, E. L., Kusamba, C., Moninga, W. M., Goldberg, S. R. & Cha (2012). A new species of Cordylus (Squamata: Cordylidae) from the Marungu Plateau of south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. African Journal of Herpetology , 61 (1): 14-39.   Gekkonidae Cnemaspis psychedelica Grismer, L. L., Ngo, V. T. & Grismer, J. L. (2010). A colorful new species of insular rock gecko ( Cnemaspis Strauch 1887) from southern Vietnam. Zootaxa , 58 : 46–58.   Gekkonidae Dactylonemis spp. Hoplodactylus spp. Mokopirirakau spp. Nielsen, S. V., Bauer, A. M., Jackman, T. R., Hitchmough, R. A. & Daugherty, C. H. (2011). New Zealand geckos (Diplodactylidae): Cryptic diversity in a post-Gondwanan lineage with trans-Tasman affinities. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , 59 (1): 1-22.   Gekkonidae Lygodactylus williamsi Species information extracted from UETZ, P., FREED, P. & HŎSEK, J. (eds.) (2016). The Reptile Database, version of 15 August 2016, accessed 11 May 2017. See Annex 2 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A2.pdf   Gekkonidae Nactus serpensinsula Kluge, A.G. (1983). Cladistic relationships among gekkonid lizards. Copeia, 2 : 465-475.   Gekkonidae Naultinus spp. Nielsen, S. V., Bauer, A. M., Jackman, T. R., Hitchmough, R. A. & Daugherty, C. H. (2011). New Zealand geckos (Diplodactylidae): Cryptic diversity in a post-Gondwanan lineage with trans-Tasman affinities. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , 59 (1): 1-22.   Gekkonidae Paroedura masobe Nussbaum, R.A. & Raxworthy, C.J. (1994). A new rainforest gecko of the genus Paroedura Günther from Madagascar. Herpetological Natural History , 2 (1): 43-49.   Gekkonidae Phelsuma spp. Rhoptropella spp. Glaw, F. & Rösler, H. (2015). Taxonomic checklist of the day geckos of the genera Phelsuma Gray, 1825 and Rhoptropella Hewitt, 1937 (Squamata: Gekkonidae). Vertebrate Zoology , 65 (2): 167-246.   Gekkonidae Toropuku spp. Tukutuku spp. Woodworthia spp. Nielsen, S. V., Bauer, A. M., Jackman, T. R., Hitchmough, R. A. & Daugherty, C. H. (2011). New Zealand geckos (Diplodactylidae): Cryptic diversity in a post-Gondwanan lineage with trans-Tasman affinities. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , 59 (1): 1-22.   Gekkonidae Uroplatus spp. except for the taxa mentioned below Raxworthy, C.J. (2003). Introduction to the reptiles. In: Goodman, S.M. & Bernstead, J.P. (eds.), The natural history of Madagascar : 934-949. Chicago.   Gekkonidae Uroplatus finiavana Ratsoavina, F. M., Louis jr., E. E., Crottini, A., Randrianiaina, R. -D., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (2011). A new leaf tailed gecko species from northern Madagascar with a preliminary assessment of molecular and morphological variability in the Uroplatus ebenaui group. Zootaxa , 3022 : 39-57.   Gekkonidae Uroplatus giganteus Glaw, F., Kosuch, J., Henkel, W. F., Sound, P. & Böhme, W. (2006). Genetic and morphological variation of the leaf-tailed gecko Uroplatus fimbriatus from Madagascar, with description of a new giant species. Salamandra , 42 : 129-144.   Gekkonidae Uroplatus pietschmanni Böhle, A. & Schönecker, P. (2003). Eine neue Art der Gattung Uroplatus Duméril, 1805 aus Ost-Madagaskar (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae). Salamandra , 39 (3/4): 129-138.   Gekkonidae Uroplatus sameiti Raxworthy, C. J., Pearson, R. G., Zimkus, B. M., Reddy, S., Deo, A. J., Nussbaum, R. A. & Ingram, C. M. (2008). Continental speciation in the tropics: contrasting biogeographic patterns of divergence in the Uroplatus leaf-tailed gecko radiation of Madagascar. Journal of Zoology , 275 : 423–440.   Iguanidae Iguanidae spp. except for the taxa mentioned below Hollingsworth, B. D. (2004). The Evolution of Iguanas: An Overview of Relationships and a Checklist of Species. In: Iguanas: Biology and Conservation (Alberts, A. C., Carter, R. L., Hayes, W. K. & Martins, E. P., Eds): 19-44.. Berkeley (University of California Press).   Iguanidae Brachylophus bulabula Keogh, J. S., Edwards, D. L., Fisher, R. N. & Harlow, P. S. (2008). Molecular and morphological analysis of the critically endangered Fijian iguanas reveals cryptic diversity and a complex biogeographic history. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B , 363 (1508): 3413-3426.   Iguanidae Conolophus marthae Gentile, G. & Snell, H. (2009). Conolophus marthae sp. nov. (Squamata, Iguanidae), a new species of land iguana from the Galápagos archipelago. Zootaxa , 2201 : 1-10.   Iguanidae Ctenosaura spp. Iguana Taxonomy Working Group (2016). A checklist of the iguanas of the world (Iguanidae; Iguaninae). In: Iguanas: Biology, Systematics, and Conservation (J. B. Iverson, T.D. Grant, C .R. Knapp, and S. A. Pasachnik, Eds.): 4–46. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 11(Monograph 6).   Iguanidae Cyclura lewisi Burton, F. J. (2004). Revision to Species Cyclura nubila lewisi , the Grand Cayman Blue Iguana. Caribbean Journal of Science , 40 (2): 198-203.   Iguanidae Phrynosoma blainvillii Phrynosoma cerroense Phrynosoma wigginsi Montanucci, R.R. (2004). Geographic variation in Phrynosoma coronatum (Lacertilia, Phrynosomatidae): further evidence for a peninsular archipelago. Herpetologica , 60 : 117.   Lanthanotidae Lanthanotidae spp. UETZ, P., FREED, P. & HŎSEK, J. (eds.) (2016). Family, genus and species information extracted from the Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS), an online reference; and species information extracted from The Reptile Database , version of 15 August 2016, accessed 11 May 2017. See Annex 2 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A2.pdf   Teiidae Teiidae spp. Harvey, M. B., Ugueto, G. N. & Gutberlet, R. L. Jr. (2012). Review of teiid morphology with a revised taxonomy and phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: Squamata). Zootaxa , 3459 : 1–156.   Varanidae Varanidae spp. except for the taxa mentioned below Böhme, W. (2003). Checklist of the living monitor lizards of the world (family Varanidae) Zoologische Verhandelingen , Leiden , 341 : 1-43. in combination with Koch, A., Auliya, M. & Ziegler, T. (2010.: Updated Checklist of the living monitor lizards of the world (Squamata: Varanidae). - Bonn zoological Bulletin, 57 (2): 127-136.   Varanidae Varanus bangonorum Varanus dalubhasa Welton, L. J., Travers, S. L., Siler, C. D. & Brown, R. M. (2014). Integrative taxonomy and phylogeny-based species delimitation of Philippine water monitor lizards ( Varanus salvator complex) with descriptions of two new cryptic species. Zootaxa , 3881 (3): 201–227.   Varanidae Varanus hamersleyensis Maryan, B., Oliver, P. M., Fitch, A. J. & O’Connell, M. (2014). Molecular and morphological assessment of Varanus pilbarensis (Squamata: Varanidae), with a description of a new species from the southern Pilbara, Western Australia. Zootaxa , 3768 (2): 139–158.   Varanidae Varanus nesterovi Böhme, W., Ehrlich, K., Milto, K. D., Orlov, N. & Scholz, S. (2015). A new species of desert monitor lizard (Varanidae: Varanus : Psammosaurus ) from the western Zagros region (Iraq, Iran). Russian Journal of Herpetology , 22 (1): 41-52.   Varanidae Varanus samarensis Koch, A., Gaulke, M. & Böhme, W. (2010). Unravelling the underestimated diversity of Philippine water monitor lizards (Squamata: Varanus salvator complex), with the description of two new species and a new subspecies. Zootaxa , 2446 : 1–54.   Varanidae Varanus sparnus Doughty, P., Kealley, L., Fitch, A. & Donnellan, S. C. (2014). A new diminutive species of Varanus from the Dampier Peninsula, western Kimberley region, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum , 29 : 128–140. SERPENTES   Loxocemidae spp. Pythonidae spp. Boidae spp. Bolyeriidae spp. Tropidophiidae spp. Viperidae spp. except for the retention of the genera Acrantophis, Sanzinia, Calabaria, Lichanura, the recognition of Epicrates maurus as valid species and except for the species mentioned below McDiarmid, R. W., Campbell, J. A. & Touré, T. A. (1999). Snake Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Volume 1 , Washington, D.C. (The Herpetologists’ League).   Boidae Candoia paulsoni Candoia superciliosa Smith, H. M., Chiszar, D., Tepedelen, K. & van Breukelen, F. (2001). A revision of the bevelnosed boas ( Candoia carinata complex) (Reptilia: Serpentes). Hamadryad , 26 (2): 283-315.   Boidae Corallus batesii Henderson, R. W., Passos, P. & Feitosa, D. (2009). Geographic variation in the Emerald Treeboa, Corallus caninus (Squamata: Boidae). Copeia , 2009 (3): 572-582.   Boidae Epicrates crassus Epicrates assisi Epicrates alvarezi Passos, P. & Fernandes, R. (2008). Revision of the Epicrates cenchria complex (Serpentes: Boidae). Herpetological Monographs , 22 : 1-30.   Boidae Eryx borrii Lanza, B. & Nistri, A. (2005). Somali Boidae (genus Eryx Daudin 1803) and Pythonidae (genus Python Daudin 1803) (Reptilia Serpentes). Tropical Zoology , 18 (1): 67-136.   Boidae Eunectes beniensis Dirksen, L. (2002). Anakondas . NTV Wissenschaft.   Colubridae Xenochrophis piscator Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri Xenochrophis tytleri Vogel, G. & David, P. (2012). A revision of the species group of Xenochrophis piscator (Schneider, 1799) (Squamata: Natricidae). Zootaxa , 3473 : 1-60.   Elapidae Micrurus ruatanus McCranie, J. R. (2015). A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa , 3931 (3): 352–386.   Elapidae Naja atra Naja kaouthia Wüster, W. (1996). Taxonomic change and toxinology: systematic revisions of the Asiatic cobras ( Naja naja species complex). Toxicon , 34 : 339-406.   Elapidae Naja mandalayensis Slowinski, J. B. & Wüster, W. (2000). A new cobra (Elapidae: Naja) from Myanmar (Burma). Herpetologica , 56 : 257-270.   Elapidae Naja oxiana Naja philippinensis Naja sagittifera Naja samarensis Naja siamensis Naja sputatrix Naja sumatrana Wüster, W. (1996). Taxonomic change and toxinology: systematic revisions of the Asiatic cobras ( Naja naja species complex). Toxicon , 34 : 339-406.   Pythonidae Leiopython bennettorum Leiopython biakensis Leiopython fredparkeri Leiopython huonensis Leiopython hoserae Schleip, W. D. (2008). Revision of the genus Leiopython Hubrecht 1879 (Serpentes: Pythonidae) with the redescription of taxa recently described by Hoser (2000) and the description of new species. Journal of Herpetology , 42 (4): 645–667.   Pythonidae Morelia clastolepis Morelia kinghorni Morelia nauta Morelia tracyae Harvey, M. B., Barker, D. B., Ammerman, L. K. & Chippindale, P. T. (2000). Systematics of pythons of the Morelia amethistina complex (Serpentes: Boidae) with the description of three new species. Herpetological Monographs , 14 : 139-185.   Pythonidae Python bivittatus Jacobs, H. J., Auliya, M. & Böhme, W. (2009). Zur Taxonomie des Dunklen Tigerpythons, Python molurus bivittatus KUHL, 1820, speziell der Population von Sulawesi. Sauria , 31 : 5-16.   Pythonidae Python breitensteini Python brongersmai Keogh, J. S., Barker, D. G. & Shine, R. (2001). Heavily exploited but poorly known: systematics and biogeography of commercially harvested pythons ( Python curtus group) in Southeast Asia. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 73 : 113-129.   Pythonidae Python kyaiktiyo Zug, G.R., Grotte, S. W. & Jacobs, J. F. (2011). Pythons in Burma: Short-tailed python (Reptilia: Squamata). Proceedings of the biological Society of Washington , 124 (2): 112-136.   Pythonidae Python natalensis Broadley, D. G. (1999). The southern African python, Python natalensis A. Smith 1840, is a valid species. African Herp News , 29 : 31-32.   Tropidophiidae Tropidophis spp. except for the taxa mentioned below Hedges, S.B. (2002). Morphological variation and the definition of species in the snake genus Tropidophis (Serpentes, Tropidophiidae). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London (Zoology) , 68 (2): 83-90.   Tropidophiidae Tropidophis celiae Hedges, B. S., Estrada, A. R. & Diaz, L. M. (1999): New snake ( Tropidophis ) from western Cuba. Copeia , 1999 (2): 376-381.   Tropidophiidae Tropidophis grapiuna Curcio, F. F., Sales Nunes, P. M., Suzart Argolo, A. J., Skuk, G. & Rodrigues, M. T. (2012). Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae). Herpetological Monographs , 26 (1): 80-121.   Tropidophiidae Tropidophis hendersoni Hedges, B. S. & Garrido, O. (2002). A new snake of the genus Tropidophis (Tropidophiidae) from Eastern Cuba Journal of Herpetology , 36 :157-161.   Tropidophiidae Tropidophis morenoi Hedges, B. S., Garrido, O. & Diaz, L. M. (2001). A new banded snake of the genus Tropidophis (Tropidophiidae) from north-central Cuba. Journal of Herpetology , 35 : 615-617.   Tropidophiidae Tropidophis preciosus Curcio, F. F., Sales Nunes, P. M., Suzart Argolo, A. J., Skuk, G. & Rodrigues, M. T. (2012). Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae). Herpetological Monographs , 26 (1): 80-121.   Tropidophiidae Tropidophis spiritus Hedges, B. S. & Garrido, O. (1999). A new snake of the genus Tropidophis (Tropidophiidae) from central Cuba. Journal of Herpetology , 33 : 436-441.   Tropidophiidae Tropidophis xanthogaster Domínguez, M., Moreno, L. V. & Hedges, S. B. (2006). A new snake of the genus Tropidophis (Tropidophiidae) from the Guanahacabibes Peninsula of Western Cuba. mphibia-Reptilia , 27 (3): 427-432.   Viperidae Atheris desaixi Bitis worthingtoni UETZ, P., FREED, P. & HŎSEK, J. (eds.) (2016). Species information extracted from The Reptile Database , version of 15 August 2016, accessed 11 May 2017. See Annex 2 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A2.pdf TESTUDINES   Testudines order names Wermuth, H. & Mertens, R. (1996) (reprint). Schildkröte, Krokodile, Brückenechsen . xvii + 506 pp. Jena (Gustav Fischer Verlag).     Species and family names – with the exception of the retention of the following names Mauremys iversoni, Mauremys pritchardi, Ocadia glyphistoma, Ocadia philippeni, Sacalia pseudocellata , and except for the taxa mentioned below Fritz, U. & Havaš, P. (2007): Checklist of Chelonians of the World. Vertebrate Zoology , 57 (2): 149-368. Dresden. ISSN 1864-5755 [without its appendix]   Emydidae Graptemys pearlensis Ennen, J. R., Lovich, J. E., Kreiser, B. R., Selman, W. & Qualls, C. P. (2010). Genetic and morphological variation between populations of the Pascagoula Map Turtle ( Graptemys gibbonsi ) in the Pearl and Pascagoula Rivers with description of a new species. Chelonian Conservation and Biology , 9 (1): 98-113.   Geoemydidae Batagur affinis Praschag, P., Sommer, R. S., Mccarthy, C., Gemel, R. & Fritz, U. (2008). Naming one of the world's rarest chelonians, the southern Batagur. Zootaxa , 1758 : 61-68.   Geoemydidae Batagur borneoensis Batagur dhongoka Batagur kachuga Batagur trivittata Praschag, P., Hundsdörfer, A. K. & Fritz, U. (2007). Phylogeny and taxonomy of endangered South and South-east Asian freshwater turtles elucidated by mtDNA sequence variation (Testudines: Geoemydidae: Batagur, Callagur, Hardella, Kachuga, Pangshura ). Zoologica Scripta , 36 : 429-442.   Geoemydidae Cuora bourreti Cuora picturata Spinks, P. Q., Thomson, R. C., Zhang, Y.P., Che, J., Wu, Y. & Shaffer, H. B. (2012). Species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in the critically endangered Asian box turtle genus Cuora . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , 63 : 656–667. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.02.014.   Geoemydidae Cyclemys enigmatica Cyclemys fusca Cyclemys gemeli Cyclemys oldhamii Fritz, U., Guicking, D., Auer, M., Sommer, R. S., Wink, M. & Hundsdörfer, A. K. (2008). Diversity of the Southeast Asian leaf turtle genus Cyclemys : how many leaves on its tree of life? Zoologica Scripta , 37 : 367-390.   Geoemydidae Mauremys reevesii Barth, D., Bernhard, D., Fritzsch, G. & U. Fritz (2004). The freshwater turtle genus Mauremys (Testudines, Geoemydidae) – a textbook example of an east-west disjunction or a taxonomic misconcept? Zoologica Scripta , 33 : 213-221.   Testudinidae Centrochelys sulcata Turtle Taxonomy Working Group [van Dijk, P. P., Iverson, J. B., Rhodin, A. G. J., Shaffer, H. B. & Bour, R. ]. (2014): Turtles of the world, 7 TH edition: Annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution with maps, and conservation status. 000.v7. Chelonian Research Monographs , 5 doi: 10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014.   Testudinidae Chelonoidis carbonarius Chelonoidis denticulatus Chelonoidis niger Olson, S .L. & David, N. (2014). The gender of the tortoise genus Chelonoidis Fitzinger, 1835 (Testudines: Testudinidae). - Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 126 (4): 393-394.   Testudinidae Gopherus morafkai Murphy, R. W., Berry, K. H., Edwards, T., Leviton, A. E., Lathrop, A. & Riedle, J. D. (2011). The dazed and confused identity of Agassiz’s land tortoise, Gopherus agassizii (Testudines, Testudinidae) with the description of a new species, and its consequences for conservation. Zookeys , 113 : 39-71.   Testudinidae Homopus solus Branch, W. R. (2007). A new species of tortoise of the genus Homopus (Chelonia: Testudinidae) from southern Namibia. African Journal of Herpetology, 56 (1): 1-21.   Testudinidae Kinixys nogueyi Kinixys zombensis Kindler, C., Branch, W. R., Hofmeyr, M. D., Maran, J., Široký, P., Vences, M., Harvey, J., Hauswaldt, J. S., Schleicher, A., Stuckas, H. & Fritz, U. (2012). Molecular phylogeny of African hinge-back tortoises ( Kinixys ): implications for phylogeography and taxonomy (Testudines: Testudinidae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research , 50 : 192–201.   Trionychidae Lissemys ceylonensis Praschag, P., Stuckas, H., Päckert, M., Maran, J. & Fritz, U. (2011). Mitochondrial DNA sequences suggest a revised taxonomy of Asian flapshell turtles ( Lissemys Smith, 1931) and the validity of previously unrecognized taxa (Testudines: Trionychidae). Vertebrate Zoology , 61 (1): 147-160.   Trionychidae Nilssonia gangeticus Nilssonia hurum Nilssonia leithii Nilssonia nigricans Praschag, P., Hundsdörfer, A.K., Reza, A.H.M.A. & Fritz, U. (2007). Genetic evidence for wild-living Aspideretes nigricans and a molecular phylogeny of South Asian softshell turtles (Reptilia: Trionychidae: Aspideretes, Nilssonia ). Zoologica Scripta , 36 :301-310. AMPHIBIA     Amphibia spp. except for the taxa listed below Frost, D. R. (ed.) (2015). Taxonomic Checklist of Amphibian Species listed in the CITES Appendices and the Annexes of EC Regulation 338/97. Species information extracted from Amphibian Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference , an online reference, version 6.0 as of May 2015 with additional comments by the Nomenclature Specialist of the CITES Animals Committee. See Annex 5 of CoP17 Doc. 81.1 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/cop/17/WorkingDocs/E-CoP17-81-01-A5.pdf     Anura: Microhylidae: Dyscophus spp and Scaphiophryne spp.; Telmatobiidae: Telmatobius culeus; and Caudata: Salamandridae: Paramesotriton hongkongensis FROST, D. R. (ed.) (2017). Species information extracted from Amphibian Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference , an online reference, version 6.0, accessed 12 May 2017. See Annex 3 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A3.pdf   ELASMOBRANCHII, ACTINOPTERI, COELACANTHI, and DIPNEUSTI     All fish species, except the taxa listed below Eschmeyer, W.N. & Fricke, R. (eds.) (2015). Taxonomic Checklist of Fish species listed in the CITES Appendices and the Annexes of EC Regulation 338/97 (Elasmobranchii, Actinopteri, Coelacanthi, and Dipneusti, except the genus Hippocampus ). Information extracted from Catalog of Fishes , an online reference, version update from 3 February 2015. See Annex 6 of CoP17 Doc. 81.1 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/cop/17/WorkingDocs/E-CoP17-81-01-A6.pdf     Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae: Carcharhinus falciformis; Lamniformes : Alopiidae: Alopias spp.; Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae: Mobula spp.; Potamotrygonidae: Potamotrygon spp.; Actinopteri: Perciformes: Pomacanthidae: Holacanthus clarionensis ESCHMEYER, W. N., FRICKE, R., & VAN DER LAAN, R. (eds.) (2017). Information extracted from Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References , an online reference, version of 28 April 2017, accessed 12 May 2017. See Annex 4 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A4.pdf SYNGNATHIFORMES Syngnathidae Hippocampus spp. Lourie, S. A., Pollom, R. A. and Foster, S. J. (2016). A global revision of the Seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Sygnathiformes): Taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa , 4146 (1): 1-066.   ARACHNIDA ARANEAE Theraphosidae Aphonopelma albiceps Aphonopelma pallidum Brachypelma spp. except for the taxa mentioned below Platnick, N. (2006). Taxonomic Checklist of CITES listed Spider Species. Information extracted from The World Spider Catalog , an online reference, Version 6.5 as of 7 April 2006. [available at http://www.cites.org/common/docs/Res/12_11/spider_checklist.pdf]   Theraphosidae Brachypelma ruhnaui lumped with Brachypelma albiceps treated as Aphonopelma albiceps under CITES Platnick, N. I. (2014). The World Spider Catalogue, V15 . http://platnick.sklipkani.cz/html/   Theraphosidae Brachypelma kahlenbergi Rudloff, J.-P. (2008). Eine neue Brachypelma -Art aus Mexiko (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae). Arthropoda , 16 (2): 26-30. SCORPIONES Scorpionidae Pandinus spp. except for the taxa mentioned below Lourenço, W. R. & Cloudsley-Thompson, J. C. (1996). Recognition and distribution of the scorpions of the genus Pandinus Thorell, 1876 accorded protection by the Washington Convention. Biogeographica , 72 (3): 133-143.   Scorpionidae Pandinus camerounensis Pandinus roeseli Lourenço, W. R. (2014). Further considerations on the identity and distribution of Pandinus imperator (C. L. Koch, 1841) and description of a new species from Cameroon (Scorpiones: Scorpionidae). Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg , 17 (192): 139-151.   INSECTA COLEOPTERA Lucanidae Colophon spp. Bartolozzi, L. (2005). Description of two new stag beetle species from South Africa (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). African Entomology , 13 (2): 347-352. LEPIDOPTERA Papilionidae Achillides spp. [only the species of the Philippines] Page, M. G. P. & Treadaway, C. G. (2004). Papilionidae of the Philippine Island. In: E. Bauer, and T. Frankenbach, Eds.). Butterflies of the world, Supplement 8 . Goecke & Evers, Keltern. 58 pp.   Papilionidae Ornithoptera spp. Trogonoptera spp. Troides spp. Matsuka, H. (2001). Natural History of Birdwing Butterflies . 367 pp. Tokyo (Matsuka Shuppan).(ISBN 4-9900697-0-6).   HIRUDINOIDEA ARHYNCHOBDELLIDA Hirudinidae Hirudo medicinalis Hirudo verbana Nesemann, H. & Neubert, E. (1999). Annelida: Clitellata: Branchiobdellida, Acanthobdellea, Hirudine. Süßwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa , 6 (2), 178 pp., Berlin (Spektrum Akad. Verlag). ISBN 3-8274-0927-6.   BIVALVIA VENEROIDA Tridacnidae Tridacna ningaloo Penny, S. & Willan, R. C. (2014). Description of a new species of giant clam (Bivalvia: Tridacnidae) from Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Molluscan Research , 34 (3): 201-211.   Tridacnidae Tridacna noae Su, Y., Hung, J.-H., Kubo, H. & Liu, L.-L. (2014). Tridacna noae (Röding, 1798) – a valid giant clam species separated from T. maxima (Röding, 1798) by morphological and genetic data. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology , 62 : 124-135. CEPHALOPODA   Nautilidae Nautilidae spp. Family, genus and species information extracted from the Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (ITIS), an online reference. See Annex 5 of AC29 Doc.35 at https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/ac/29/E-AC29-35-A5.pdf   ANTHOZOA & HYDROZOA   All CITES listed species Taxonomic Checklist of all CITES listed Coral Species, based on information compiled by UNEP-WCMC 2012. FLORA     Taxon concerned Taxonomic reference AMARYLLIDACEAE, PRIMULACEAE   Cyclamen, Galanthus and Sternbergia Davis, A.P. et al . (1999). CITES Bulb Checklist , compiled by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Cyclamen and Galanthus and Sternbergia. APOCYNACEAE   Pachypodium spp. CITES Aloe and Pachypodium Checklist (U. Eggli et al., 2001, compiled by Städtische Sukkulenten-Sammlung, Zurich, Switzerland, in collaboration with the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) and its update: An Update and Supplement to the CITES Aloe & Pachypodium Checklist [J. M. Lüthy (2007), CITES Management Authority of Switzerland, Bern, Switzerland] as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Aloe and Pachypodium.     Hoodia spp. Plants of Southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Germishuizen, G. & Meyer N. L. (eds.) (2003). Strelitzia 14: 150-151. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Hoodia. CACTACEAE   All Cactaceae. CITES Cactaceae Checklist third edition (2016, compiled by D. Hunt) as a guideline when making reference to names of species of Cactaceae, and the amendments and updates outlined in A Supplement to the CITES Cactaceae Checklist Third Edition 2016 (Hunt, D. 2018). The checklist and its supplement can be found on the website of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK at “goo.gl/M26yL8”. CYCADACEAE, STANGERIACEAE and ZAMIACEAE   All Cycadaceae, Stangeriaceae and Zamiaceae. The World List of Cycads: CITES and Cycads: Checklist 2013 (Roy Osborne, Michael A. Calonje, Ken D. Hill, Leonie Stanberg and Dennis Wm. Stevenson) in CITES and Cycads a user’s guide (Rutherford, C. et al., Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. UK 2013), as a guideline when making reference to names of species of Cycadaceae, Stangeriaceae and Zamiaceae. DICKSONIACEAE   Dicksonia species of the Americas. Dicksonia species of the Americas (2003, compiled by Bonn Botanic Garden and the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Dicksonia . DROSERACEAE, NEPENTHACEAE, SARRACENIACEAE   Dionaea, Nepenthes and Sarracenia. CITES Carnivorous Plant Checklist (B. von Arx et al ., 2001, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK) as a guideline when making reference to names of species of Dionaea, Nepenthes and Sarracenia . EBENACEAE   Diospyros spp. – populations of Madagascar. The genus Diospyros in Madagascar: a Preliminary Checklist for CITES Parties (CVPM 2016) based on the Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar is available on the Catalogue website. This reference is to be used as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Diospyros from Madagascar. See http://www.tropicos.org/ProjectWebPortal.aspx?pagename=Diospyros&projectid=17 .There is a link to the page here: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40031908?projectid=17 and the pdf download is here: http://www.tropicos.org/docs/MadCat/Diospyros%20checklist%2028.03.2016.pdf For information only: Updates on new names will be regularly made available on the online database “Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar” (http://www.tropicos.org/Project/Madagascar). EUPHORBIACEAE   Succulent species of Euphorbia. The CITES Checklist of Succulent Euphorbia Taxa (Euphorbiaceae), Second edition (S. Carter and U. Eggli, 2003, published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of succulent euphorbias. LEGUMINOSAE   Dalbergia spp. – populations of Madagascar A Preliminary Dalbergia checklist for Madagascar for CITES (CVPM 2014) based on the Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar is available as a pdf on the CITES website as SC65 Inf. 21. This reference is to be used as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Dalbergia from Madagascar. See: https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/com/sc/65/Inf/E-SC65-Inf-21.pdf For information only: Updates on new names will be regularly made available on the online database “Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar”. (http://www.tropicos.org/Project/Madagascar). LEGUMINOSAE   Paubrasilia echinata Gagnon, E., Bruneau, A., Hughes, C.E., de Queiroz, L. P. & Lewis, G.P. (2016). A new generic system for the pantropical  Caesalpinia  group (Leguminosae) as a guideline making reference to the name of this taxon. This reference can be found on “https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=9203”, with free access, and additional information on the taxon can be found at “http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil” LEGUMINOSAE   Platymiscium pleiostachyum Bente B. Klitgraard (2005). Platymiscium  ( Leguminosae :  Dalbergieae ); biogeography, systematics, morphology, taxonomy and uses. Kew Bulletin. Vol. 60, No. 3 (2005), pp. 321 – 400 be used as a guideline when making reference to the name of this taxon. This reference is available online at https://www.jstor.org/stable/4111062?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents. Free access is possible to this reference. LILIACEAE   Aloe spp. CITES Aloe and Pachypodium Checklist (U. Eggli et al., 2001, compiled by Städtische Sukkulenten-Sammlung, Zurich, Switzerland, in collaboration with the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) and its update: An Update and Supplement to the CITES Aloe & Pachypodium Checklist [J. M. Lüthy (2007), CITES Management Authority of Switzerland, Bern, Switzerland] as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Aloe and Pachypodium. ORCHIDACEAE   Laelia, Phalaenopsis, Pleione and Sophronitis (Volume 1, 1995) and Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Disa, Dracula and Encyclia (Volume 2, 1997), and Aerangis, Angraecum, Ascocentrum, Bletilla, Brassavola, Calanthe, Catasetum, Miltonia, Miltonioides and Miltoniopsis, Renanthera, Renantherella, Rhynchostylis, Rossioglossum, Vanda and Vandopsis (Volume 3, 2001); and Aerides , Coelogyne , Comparettia and Masdevallia (Volume 4, 2006) CITES Orchid Checklist , (compiled by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Cattleya (not C. jongheana ) , Cypripedium, Laelia (not Laelia jongheana/Cattleya jongheana ) , Phalaenopsis, Pleione and Sophronitis (Volume 1, 1995) and Cymbidium, Dendrobium (not D. cruentum ) , Disa, Dracula and Encyclia (Volume 2, 1997), and Aerangis (not A. ellisii ) , Angraecum, Ascocentrum, Bletilla, Brassavola, Calanthe, Catasetum, Miltonia, Miltonioides and Miltoniopsis, Renanthera, Renantherella, Rhynchostylis, Rossioglossum, Vanda and Vandopsis (Volume 3, 2001); and Aerides , Coelogyne , Comparettia and Masdevallia (Volume 4, 2006). ORCHIDACEAE   Paphiopedilum spp. , Phragmipedium spp. , Aerangis ellisii, Cattleya jongheana, Cattleya lobata, Dendrobium cruentum, Mexipedium xerophyticum, Peristeria elata and Renanthera imschootiana Govaerts, R., Caromel, A., Dhanda, S., Davis, F., Pavitt, A., Sinovas, P., & Vaglica, V. (2019). CITES Appendix I Orchid Checklist . Second Version, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey, and UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge. This reference should be used as a guideline when making reference to the names of Paphiopedilum spp ., Phragmipedium spp ., Aerangis ellisii, Cattleya jongheana, Cattleya lobata, Dendrobium cruentum, Mexipedium xerophyticum, Peristeria elata and Renanthera imschootiana . This reference can be found on the website of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK at “goo.gl/M26yL8”. ORCHIDACEAE   Bulbophyllum spp. CITES checklist for Bulbophyllum and allied taxa (Orchidaceae) . Sieder, A., Rainer, H., Kiehn, M. (2007): Address of the authors: Department of Biogeography and Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna; Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna (Austria) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Bulbophyllum . PALMAE   Dypsis decipiens and Dypsis decaryi. Proposed Standard Reference for two CITES-listed palms endemic to Madagascar (CVPM 2016) based on the Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar can be found as a pdf on the US Fish & Wildlife Service website. This is to be used as a guideline when making reference to Dypsis decipiens and Dypsis decaryi . See: http://www.fws.gov/international/ TAXACEAE   Taxus spp. World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers (A. Farjon, 2001) as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Taxus. ZYGOPHYLLACEAE   Guaiacum spp. Lista de especies, nomenclatura y distribución en el genero Guaiacum. Davila Aranda. P. & Schippmann, U. (2006): Medicinal Plant Conservation 12:50 as a guideline when making reference to the names of species of Guaiacum . ’

ANNEX 3Supplementary provisions

ANNEX 3 ‘ANNEX XI Types of biological samples referred to in Article 18 and their use Type of sample Typical size of sample Use of sample blood and its derivative components 5 ml maximum for liquid samples or dry blood sample on a microscope slide, filter paper or swab biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis, including serology internal tissues (botanical or zoological), fixed tissues (5 mm 3 -25 mm 3 ) in a fixative or histological glass slide containing a +/-5um section of fixed tissue Histology and electon microscopy to detect organisms and poisons; taxonomic research; biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis internal tissues (botanical or zoological), frozen pieces of tissues (5 mm 3 -25 mm 3 ) biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis internal tissues (botanical or zoological), fresh (excluding ova, sperm and embryos) pieces of tissues (5 mm 3 - 25 mm 3 ) biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis external tissues including hair, skin, feathers, scales, bone, egg shell, teeth, ivory, horn, leaves, bark, seeds, fruit or flowers Individual samples with or without fixative for ivory: pieces of ivory approximately 3 cm x 3 cm and 1 cm thick or less depending on analysis method, in accordance with ICCWC Guidelines on methods and procedures for ivory and laboratory analysis  ( 1 ) for rhino horn: small amounts of powder/shavings sealed in a tamper proof sample bottle, in accordance with the Procedure for Rhino horn DNA Sampling  ( 2 ) species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis; age analysis; biomedical research buccal/cloacal/ mucus/nasal/urinary tract/rectal swabs small amounts of tissue or cells on a swab in a tube species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis, including serology; biomedical research cell lines and tissue cultures no limitation of sample size biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis; age analysis DNA or RNA (purified) up to 0.5 ml volumes per individual specimen of purified DNA or RNA biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis; age analysis secretions, (saliva, venom, milk, plant secretions) 1-5 ml in vials production of anti-venom; biomedical research; species identification; determination of geographic origin; sex determination; individual identification; parentage testing; toxicology analysis; disease testing/diagnosis, including serology; age analysis ’ ( 1 )   https://www.unodc.org/documents/Wildlife/Guidelines_Ivory.pdf ( 2 )   Republic of South Africa, Department of Environmental Affairs, Procedures for Rhino horn DNA Sampling.