Article 2
For the purposes of this Directive the following definitions and/or classifications shall apply: (a) Forest reproductive material: reproductive material of those tree species and artificial hybrids thereof which are important for forestry purposes in all or part of the Community and in particular those which are listed in Annex I; (b) Reproductive material means any of the following: (i) Seed unit: cones, infructescenses, fruits and seeds intended for the production of planting stock; (ii) parts of plants: stem cuttings, leaf cuttings and root cuttings, explants or embryos for micropropagation, buds, layers, roots, scions, sets and any parts of a plant intended for the production of planting stock; (iii) planting stock: plants raised from seed units, from parts of plants, or from plants from natural regeneration; (c) Basic material means any of the following: (i) Seed Source: Trees within an area from which seed is collected; (ii) Stand: A delineated population of trees possessing sufficient uniformity in composition; (iii) Seed Orchard: A plantation of selected clones or families which is isolated or managed so as to avoid or reduce pollination from outside sources, and managed to produce frequent, abundant and easily harvested crops of seed; (iv) Parents of Family: Trees used to obtain progeny by controlled or open pollination of one identified parent used as a female, with the pollen of one parent (full-sibling) or a number of identified or unidentified parents (half sibling); (v) Clone: Group of individuals (ramets) derived originally from a single individual (ortet) by vegetative propagation, for example by cuttings, micropropagation, grafts, layers or divisions; (vi) Clonal Mixture: A mixture of identified clones in defined proportions. (d) Autochthonous and indigenous means either of the following: (i) Autochthonous stand or seed source: An autochthonous stand or seed source is one which normally has been continuously regenerated by natural regeneration. The stand or seed source may be regenerated artificially from reproductive material collected in the same stand or seed source or autochthonous stands or seed sources within the close proximity; (ii) Indigenous stand or seed source: An indigenous stand or seed source is an autochthonous stand or seed source or is a stand or seed source raised artificially from seed, the origin of which is situated in the same region of provenance. (e) Origin: For an autochthonous stand or seed source, the origin is the place in which the trees are growing. For a non-autochthonous stand or seed source, the origin is the place from which the seed or plants were originally introduced. The origin of a stand or seed source may be unknown. (f) Provenance: The place in which any stand of trees is growing. (g) Region of Provenance: For a species or sub-species, the region of provenance is the area or group of areas subject to sufficiently uniform ecological conditions in which stands or seed sources showing similar phenotypic or genetic characters are found, taking into account altitudinal boundaries where appropriate. (h) Production: Production includes all stages in the generation of the seed unit, the conversion from seed unit to seed and the raising of planting stock from seed and parts of plants. (i) Marketing: Display with a view to sale, offering for sale, sale or delivery to another person including delivery under a service contract. (j) Supplier: Any natural or legal person engaged professionally in marketing or importing of forest reproductive material. (k) Official body: (i) an authority, established or designated by the Member State under the supervision of the national government and responsible for questions concerning the control of marketing and/or the quality of forest reproductive material; (ii) any State authority established: - either at national level, or - at regional level, under the supervision of national authorities, within the limits set by the constitution of the Member State concerned. The bodies referred to above may, in accordance with their national legislation, delegate the tasks provided for in this Directive to be accomplished under their authority and supervision to any legal person, whether governed by public or by private law, which, under its officially approved constitution, is charged exclusively with specific public functions, provided that such person, and its members, has no personal interest in the outcome of the measures it takes. Moreover, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 26(2), other legal persons established on behalf of the body referred to in point (i) and acting under the authority and supervision of such body may be approved, provided that such person has no personal interest in the outcome of the measures it takes. Member States shall notify the Commission of their responsible official bodies. The Commission shall forward that information to the other Member States. (l) Forest reproductive material is divided into the following categories: (i) "Source-identified" Reproductive material derived from basic material which may be either a seed source or stand located within a single region of provenance and which meets the requirements set out in Annex II; (ii) "Selected" Reproductive material derived from basic material which shall be a stand located within a single region of provenance, which has been phenotypically selected at the population level and which meets the requirements set out in Annex III; (iii) "Qualified" Reproductive material derived from basic material which shall be seed orchards, parents of families, clones or clonal mixtures, the components of which have been phenotypically selected at the individual level, and which meets the requirements set out in Annex IV. Testing need not necessarily have been undertaken or completed; (iv) "Tested" Reproductive material derived from basic material which shall consist of stands, seed orchards, parents of families, clones or clonal mixtures. The superiority of the reproductive material must have been demonstrated by comparative testing or an estimate of the superiority of the reproductive material calculated from the genetic evaluation of the components of the basic material. The material shall meet the requirements set out in Annex V.