Article 22
Protection of knowledge 1. Where knowledge is capable of industrial or commercial application, its owner shall provide for its adequate and effective protection in conformity with relevant legal provisions, the contract and the consortium agreement, and having due regard to the legitimate interests of the participants concerned. 2. Where the Commission considers it necessary to protect knowledge in a particular country, and where such protection has not been applied for or has been waived, the Commission may, with the agreement of the participant concerned, adopt protective measures. In this event, and as far as that particular country is concerned, the Community shall take on the obligations regarding the granting of access rights in the place of the participant. The participant may only refuse if it can demonstrate that its legitimate interests will be significantly impaired. 3. A participant may publish or allow the publication, on whatever medium, of data concerning knowledge it owns or knowledge obtained during work in connection with cooperative or collective research projects, provided that this does not affect the protection of that knowledge. The Commission and the other participants in the same indirect action shall be given prior written notice of any planned publication. A copy of such data shall on request be made available to them within 30 days of the request. The Commission and the other participants may object to the publication within a period of 30 days from receipt of the data, if they consider that the protection of their knowledge could thereby be adversely affected.