Article 22
For the purpose of this Agreement: (a) A ‘Community company’ or a ‘Tajik company’ respectively shall mean a company set up in accordance with the laws of a Member State or of the Republic of Tajikistan respectively and having its registered office, central administration or principal place of business in the territory of the Community or of the Republic of Tajikistan respectively. However, should a company set up in accordance with the laws of a Member State or the Republic of Tajikistan respectively have only its registered office in the territory of the Community or of the Republic of Tajikistan respectively, the company shall be considered a Community or Tajik company respectively if its operations possess a real and continuous link with the economy of one of the Member States or the Republic of Tajikistan respectively. (b) ‘Subsidiary’ of a company shall mean a company which is effectively controlled by the first company. (c) ‘Branch’ of a company shall mean a place of business not having legal personality which has the appearance of permanency, such as the extension of a parent body, has a management and is materially equipped to negotiate business with third parties so that the latter, although knowing that there will if necessary be a legal link with the parent body, the head office of which is abroad, do not have to deal directly with such parent body but may transact business at the place of business constituting the extension. (d) ‘Establishment’ shall mean the right of Community or Tajik companies as referred to in point (a) to take up economic activities by means of the setting up of subsidiaries and branches in the Republic of Tajikistan or in the Community respectively. (e) ‘Operation’ shall mean the pursuit of economic activities. (f) ‘Economic activities’ shall mean activities of an industrial, commercial and professional character. With regard to international maritime transport, including intermodal operations involving a sea leg, nationals of the Member States or of the Republic of Tajikistan established outside the Community or the Republic of Tajikistan respectively, and shipping companies established outside the Community or the Republic of Tajikistan and controlled by nationals of a Member State or nationals of the Republic of Tajikistan respectively, shall also be beneficiaries of the provisions of this Chapter and Chapter III if their vessels are registered in that Member State or in the Republic of Tajikistan respectively in accordance with their respective legislation.