Article 3
1. This Regulation shall not apply to: (a) State to State transactions or State transfers; (b) firearms, their parts and essential components and ammunition if specially designed for military use and, in any case, firearms of the fully automatic firing type; (c) firearms, their parts and essential components and ammunition when destined for the armed forces, the police, or the public authorities of the Member States; (d) collectors and bodies concerned with cultural and historical aspects of firearms, their parts and essential components and ammunition and recognised as such for the purpose of this Regulation by the Member State in whose territory they are established, provided that tracing measures are ensured; (e) deactivated firearms; (f) antique firearms and their replicas as defined in accordance with national legislation, provided that antique firearms do not include firearms manufactured after 1899. 2. This Regulation is without prejudice to Regulation (EEC) No 2913/92 (Community Customs Code), Regulation (EEC) No 2454/93 (implementing provisions of the Community Customs Code), Regulation (EC) No 450/2008 (Modernised Customs Code), and to the regime for the control of exports, transfer, brokering and transit of dual-use items established by Regulation (EC) No 428/2009 (Dual Use Regulation).