MEASURING METHOD TO EVALUATE COMPLIANCE WITH THE ADDITIONAL SOUND EMISSION PROVISIONS
ANNEX VIISupplementary provisions
ANNEX VII MEASURING METHOD TO EVALUATE COMPLIANCE WITH THE ADDITIONAL SOUND EMISSION PROVISIONS 1. GENERAL This Annex describes a measuring method to evaluate compliance of the vehicle with the additional sound emission provisions (ASEP) set out in Article 7. It is not mandatory to perform actual tests when applying for EU type-approval. The manufacturer shall sign the declaration of compliance set out in the Appendix. The approval authority may ask for additional information about the declaration of compliance and carry out the tests described below. The procedure set out in this Annex requires the performance of a test in accordance with Annex II. The test specified in Annex II shall be carried out on the same test track under conditions similar to those required in the tests prescribed in this Annex. 2. MEASURING METHOD 2.1 Measuring instruments and condition of measurements Unless otherwise specified, the measuring instruments, the conditions of the measurements and the condition of the vehicle are equivalent to those specified in points 2 and 3 of Annex II. If the vehicle has different modes that affect sound emission, all modes shall comply with the requirements of this Annex. In the case where the manufacturer has performed tests to prove to the approval authority compliance with those requirements, the modes used during those tests shall be reported in a test report. 2.2. Method of testing Unless otherwise specified, the conditions and procedures of points 4.1 to 4.1.2.1.2.2 of Annex II shall be used. For the purpose of this Annex, single test runs shall be measured and evaluated. 2.3. Control range Operation conditions are as follows: Vehicle speed V AA ASEP : v AA ≥ 20 km/h Vehicle acceleration a wot ASEP a wot ≤ 5,0 m/s 2 Engine speed n BB ASEP n BB ≤ 2,0 * PMR –0,222 * s or n BB ≤ 0,9 * s, whichever is the lowest Vehicle speed V BB ASEP : if n BB ASEP is reached in one gear v BB ≤ 70 km/h in all other cases v BB ≤ 80 km/h gears K ≤ gear ratio i as determined in Annex II If the vehicle, in the lowest valid gear, does not achieve the maximum engine speed below 70 km/h, the vehicle speed limit is 80 km/h. 2.4. Gear ratios The ASEP requirements apply to every gear ratio K that leads to test results within the control range as defined in point 2.3 of this Annex. In case of vehicles with automatic transmissions, adaptive transmissions and CVTs tested with non-locked gear ratios, the test may include a gear ratio change to a lower range and a higher acceleration. A gear change to a higher range and a lower acceleration is not allowed. A gear shift which leads to a condition that is not in compliance with the boundary conditions shall be avoided. In such a case, it is permitted to establish and use electronic or mechanical devices, including alternate gear selector positions. In order for the ASEP test to be representative and repeatable (to the approval authority), the vehicles shall be tested using production gearbox calibration. 2.5. Target conditions The sound emission shall be measured in each valid gear ratio at the four test points as specified below. The first test point P 1 is defined by using an entry speed v AA of 20 km/h. If a stable acceleration condition cannot be achieved, the speed shall be increased in steps of 5 km/h until a stable acceleration is reached. The fourth test point P 4 is defined by the maximum vehicle speed at BB' in that gear ratio within the boundary conditions in accordance with point 2.3. The other two test points are calculated using the following formula: Test Point P j : v BB_j = v BB_1 + ((j – 1)/3) * (v BB_4 – vBB_1 ) for j = 2 and 3 Where: v BB_1 = vehicle speed at BB' of test point P 1 v BB_4 = vehicle speed at BB' of test point P 4 Tolerance for v BB_j : ±3 km/h For all test points the boundary conditions as specified in point 2.3 shall be met. 2.6. Test of the vehicle The path of the centreline of the vehicle shall follow line CC' as closely as possible throughout the entire test, starting from the approach to line AA' until the rear of the vehicle passes line BB'. At line AA' the accelerator shall be fully depressed. To achieve a more stable acceleration or to avoid a down shift between line AA' and BB' pre-acceleration before line AA' may be used. The accelerator shall be kept in depressed condition until the rear of the vehicle reaches line BB'. For every separate test run, the following parameters shall be determined and noted: The maximum A-weighted sound pressure level of both sides of the vehicle, indicated during each passage of the vehicle between the two lines AA' and BB', shall be mathematically rounded to the first decimal place (L wot,kj ). If a sound peak obviously out of character with the general sound pressure level is observed, the measurement shall be discarded. Left and right side may be measured simultaneously or separately. The vehicle speed readings at AA' and BB' shall be reported with the first significant digit after the decimal place (v AA,kj ; v BB,kj ). If applicable, the engine speed readings at AA' and BB' shall be reported as a full integer value (n AA,kj ; n BB,kj ). The calculated acceleration shall be determined in accordance to the formula in point 4.1.2.1.2 of Annex II and reported to the second digit after the decimal place (a wot,test,kj ). 3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS 3.1. Determination of the anchor point for each gear ratio For measurements in gear i and lower, the anchor point consists of the maximum sound level L woti , the reported engine speed n woti and vehicle speed v woti at BB' of gear ratio i of the acceleration test in Annex II. L anchor,i = L woti,Annex II n anchor,i = n BB,woti,Annex II v anchor,i = v BB,woti,Annex II For measurements in gear i+1 the anchor point consists of the maximum sound level L woti+1 , the reported engine speed n woti+1 and vehicle speed v woti+1 at BB' of gear ratio i+1 of the acceleration test in Annex II. L anchor,i+1 = L woti+1,Annex II n anchor,i+1 = n BB,woti+1,Annex II v anchor,i+1 = v BB,woti+1,Annex II 3.2. Slope of the regression line for each gear The sound measurements shall be evaluated as a function of engine speed in accordance with point 3.2.1. 3.2.1. Calculation of the slope of the regression line for each gear The linear regression line is calculated using the anchor point and the four correlated additional measurements. (in dB/1 000 min -1 ) With and where n j = engine speed measured at line BB' 3.2.2. Slope of the regression line for each gear The Slope k of a particular gear for the further calculation is the derived result of the calculation in point 3.2.1 rounded to the first decimal place, but not higher than 5 dB/1 000 min –1 . 3.3. Calculation of the linear sound level increase expected for each measurement The sound level L ASEP,kj for measurement point j and gear k shall be calculated using the engine speeds measured for each measurement point, using the slope specified in point 3.2 to the specific anchor point for each gear ratio. For n BB_k,j ≤ n anchor,k : L ASEP_k,j = L anchor_k + (Slope k – Y ) * (n BB_k,j – nanchor,k )/1 000 For n BB_k,j > n anchor,k : L ASEP_k,j = L anchor_k + (Slope k + Y) * (n BB_k,j – nanchor,k )/1 000 Where Y = 1 3.4. Samples On request of the approval authority two additional runs within the boundary conditions in accordance with point 2.3 shall be carried out. 4. INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS Every individual noise measurement shall be evaluated. The sound level of every specified measurement point shall not exceed the limits given below: L kj ≤ L ASEP_k.j + x With: x = 3 dB(A) for vehicle with a non-lockable automatic transmission or non-lockable CVT x = 2 dB(A) + limit value – L urban of Annex II for all other vehicles If the measured sound level at a point exceeds the limit, two additional measurements at the same point shall be carried out to verify the measurement uncertainty. The vehicle is still in compliance with ASEP, if the average of the three valid measurements at this specific point fulfils the specification. 5. REFERENCE SOUND ASSESSMENT The reference sound is assessed at a single point in one discrete gear, simulating an acceleration condition starting with an entry speed at v aa equal to 50 km/h and assuming an exit speed at v bb equal to 61 km/h. The sound compliance at this point can either be calculated using the results of point 3.2.2 and the specification below or be evaluated by direct measurement using the gear as specified below. 5.1 The determination of gear K is as follows: K = 3 for all manual transmission and for automatic transmission with up to 5 gears; K = 4 for automatic transmission with 6 or more gears If no discrete gears are available, e.g. for non-lockable automatic transmissions or non-lockable CVTs, the gear ratio for further calculation shall be determined from the acceleration test result in Annex II using the reported engine speed and vehicle speed at line BB'. 5.2. Determination of reference engine speed n ref_K The reference engine speed, n ref_K, shall be calculated using the gear ratio of gear K at the reference speed of v ref = 61 km/h. 5.3. Calculation of L ref L ref = L anchor_K + Slope K * (n ref_K – nanchor_K )/1 000 L ref shall be less than or equal to 76 dB(A). For vehicles fitted with a manual gear box having more than four forward gears and equipped with an engine developing a rated maximum net power greater than 140 kW and having a rated maximum net power/maximum-mass ratio greater than 75 kW/t, L ref shall be less than or equal to 79 dB(A). For vehicles fitted with an automatic gear box having more than four forward gears and equipped with an engine developing a rated maximum net power greater than 140 kW and having a rated maximum net power/maximum-mass ratio greater than 75 kW/t, L ref shall be less than or equal to 78 dB(A). 6. EVALUATION OF ASEP USING THE PRINCIPLE OF L urban 6.1 General This evaluation procedure is an alternative selected by the manufacturer to the procedure described in point 3 of this Annex and is applicable to all vehicle technologies. The manufacturer shall be responsible for determining the correct manner of testing. Unless otherwise specified, all testing and calculation shall be as specified in Annex II. 6.2. Calculation of L urban ASEP From any L wot ASEP as measured in accordance with this Annex, L urban ASEP shall be calculated as follows: (a) calculate a wot test ASEP as specified in point 4.1.2.1.2.1 or point 4.1.2.1.2.2 of Annex II, as applicable; (b) determine the vehicle speed (V BB ASEP ) at BB' during the L wot ASEP test; (c) calculate k P ASEP as follows: k P ASEP = 1 – (a urban /a wot test ASEP ) Test results where a wot test ASEP are less than a urban shall be disregarded. (d) calculate L urban measured ASEP as follows: L urban measured ASEP = L wot ASEP – k P ASEP * (L wot ASEP – L crs ) For further calculation, use the L urban from Annex II without rounding, including the digit after the decimal (xx.x). (e) calculate L urban normalized as follows: L urban normalized = L urban measured ASEP – L urban (f) calculate L urban ASEP as follows: L urban ASEP = L urban normalized – (0,15 * (V BB ASEP – 50)) (g) compliance with sound level limits: L urban ASEP shall be less than or equal to 3,0 dB.