Penalties
Article 45
1. Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties applicable to infringements by economic operators of the provisions of this Regulation and of national law adopted pursuant to this Regulation. Such rules may include criminal penalties for serious infringements. The penalties provided for shall be effective, proportionate and dissuasive and may be increased where the relevant economic operator has previously committed a similar infringement of this Regulation. Member States shall notify those rules to the Commission by 21 March 2018, and shall notify it without delay of any subsequent amendment affecting them. 2. Member States shall take all measures necessary to ensure that their rules on penalties applicable to infringements by economic operators of the provisions of this Regulation are enforced.