ANNEX VISupplementary provisions
ANNEX VI ‘ANNEX XI ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTICS (OBD) FOR MOTOR VEHICLES 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. This Annex sets out the functional aspects of on-board diagnostic (OBD) systems for the control of emissions from motor vehicles. 2. DEFINITIONS, REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS 2.1. The definitions, requirements and tests for OBD systems set out in Sections 2 and 3 of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall apply for the purposes of this Annex, with the exceptions set out in this Annex. 2.1.1. The introductory text to paragraph 2. of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “For the purposes of this Annex only:” 2.1.2. Paragraph 2.10. of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “A “ driving cycle ” consists of engine key on, a driving mode where a malfunction would be detected if present, and engine key-off”. 2.1.3. In addition to the requirements of paragraph 3.2.2. of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83, identification of deterioration or malfunctions may be also be done outside a driving cycle (e.g. after engine shutdown). 2.1.4. Paragraph 3.3.3.1. of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “3.3.3.1. The reduction in the efficiency of the catalytic converter with respect to emissions of NMHC and NO x . Manufacturers may monitor the front catalyst alone or in combination with the next catalyst(s) downstream. Each monitored catalyst or catalyst combination shall be considered malfunctioning when the emissions exceed the NMHC or NO x threshold limits provided for by paragraph 3.3.2. of this Annex.” 2.1.5. The reference to ‘the threshold limits’ in Section 3.3.3.1 of Annex 11 to UNECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as reference to the threshold limits in Section 2.3 of this Annex.. 2.1.6. Reserved. 2.1.7. Paragraphs 3.3.4.9. and 3.3.4.10. of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall not apply. 2.1.8. Paragraphs 3.3.5. to 3.3.5.2. of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: 3.3.5. Manufacturers may demonstrate to the Type Approval Authority that certain components or systems need not be monitored if, in the event of their total failure or removal, emissions do not exceed the OBD threshold limits given in paragraph 3.3.2. of this Annex. 3.3.5.1. The following devices should however be monitored for total failure or removal (if removal would cause the applicable emission limits in paragraph 5.3.1.4. of this Regulation to be exceeded): (a) A particulate trap fitted to compression ignition engines as a separate unit or integrated into a combined emission control device; (b) A NO x after treatment system fitted to compression ignition engines as a separate unit or integrated into a combined emission control device; (c) A Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) fitted to compression ignition engines as a separate unit or integrated into a combined emission control device. 3.3.5.2. The devices referred to in paragraph 3.3.5.1. of this Annex shall also be monitored for any failure that would result in exceeding the applicable OBD threshold limits.” 2.1.9. Paragraph 3.8.1. of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “The OBD system may erase a fault code and the distance travelled and freeze-frame information if the same fault is not re-registered in at least 40 engine warm-up cycles or 40 driving cycles with vehicle operation in which the criteria specified in sections 7.5.1.(a)–(c) of Annex 11, Appendix 1 are met.” 2.1.10. The reference to ‘ISO DIS 15031 5’ in paragraph 3.9.3.1. of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “… the standard listed in paragraph 6.5.3.2.(a) of Annex 11, Appendix 1 of this Regulation.” 2.1.11. In addition to the requirements of paragraph 3. of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 the following shall apply: “Additional provisions for vehicles employing engine shut - off strategies Driving cycle Autonomous engine restarts commanded by the engine control system following an engine stall may be considered a new driving cycle or a continuation of the existing driving cycle.” 2.2. The ‘Type V durability distance’ and ‘Type V durability test’ mentioned in section 3.1 and 3.3.1 of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 respectively shall be understood as reference to the requirements of Annex VII to this Regulation. 2.3. The ‘OBD threshold limits’ specified in section 3.3.2 of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation 83 shall be understood as reference to the requirements specified in points 2.3.1. and 2.3.2. below: 2.3.1. The OBD thresholds limits for vehicles that are type approved in accordance with the Euro 6 emission limits set out in Table 2 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 from three years after the dates given in Article 10(4) and 10(5) of that Regulation are given in the following table: Final Euro 6 OBD threshold limits Reference mass (RM) (kg) Mass of carbon monoxide Mass of non-methane hydrocarbons Mass of oxides of nitrogen Mass of particulate matter ( 1 ) Number of particles ( 2 ) Category Class (CO) (mg/km) (NMHC) (mg/km) (NO x ) (mg/km) (PM) (mg/km) (PN) (#/km) PI CI PI CI PI CI CI PI CI PI M — All 1 900 1 750 170 290 90 140 12 12 N 1 I RM ≤ 1 305 1 900 1 750 170 290 90 140 12 12 II 1 305 < RM ≤ 1 760 3 400 2 200 225 320 110 180 12 12 III 1 760 < RM 4 300 2 500 270 350 120 220 12 12 N 2 — All 4 300 2 500 270 350 120 220 12 12 Key: PI = Positive Ignition, CI = Compression Ignition. 2.3.2. Until three years after the dates specified in Article 10(4) and (5) of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 for new type approvals and new vehicles respectively, the following OBD threshold limits shall be applied to vehicles that are type approved in accordance with the Euro 6 emission limits set out in Table 2 of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 715/2007, upon the choice of the manufacturer: Preliminary Euro 6 OBD threshold limits Reference mass (RM) (kg) Mass of carbon monoxide Mass of non-methane hydrocarbons Mass of oxides of nitrogen Mass of particulate matter ( 3 ) Category Class (CO) (mg/km) (NMHC) (mg/km) (NO x ) (mg/km) (PM) (mg/km) PI CI PI CI PI CI CI PI M — All 1 900 1 750 170 290 150 180 25 25 N 1 I RM ≤ 1 305 1 900 1 750 170 290 150 180 25 25 II 1 305 < RM ≤ 1 760 3 400 2 200 225 320 190 220 25 25 III 1 760 < RM 4 300 2 500 270 350 210 280 30 30 N 2 — All 4 300 2 500 270 350 210 280 30 30 Key: PI = Positive Ignition, CI = Compression Ignition 2.4. 2.5. Reserved. 2.6. The ‘Type I test cycle’ referred to in paragraph 3.3.3.2. of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as being the same as the Type 1 cycle that was used for at least two consecutive cycles after introduction of the misfire faults in accordance with paragraph 6.3.1.2. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83. 2.7. The reference to ‘the particulate threshold limits provided for by paragraph 3.3.2.’ in paragraph 3.3.3.7. of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as being reference to the particulate threshold limits provided in Section 2.3 of this Annex. 2.8. Paragraph 3.3.3.4. of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “3.3.3.4. If active on the selected fuel, other emission control system components or systems, or emission related power train components or systems which are connected to a computer, the failure of which may result in tailpipe emissions exceeding the OBD threshold limits given in paragraph 3.3.2. of this Annex.” 2.9. Paragraph 3.3.4.4. of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “3.3.4.4. Other emission control system components or systems, or emission-related power-train components or systems, which are connected to a computer, the failure of which may result in exhaust emissions exceeding the OBD threshold limits given in paragraph 3.3.2. of this Annex. Examples of such systems or components are those for monitoring and control of air mass-flow, air volumetric flow (and temperature), boost pressure and inlet manifold pressure (and relevant sensors to enable these functions to be carried out).” 3. ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FOR DEFICIENCIES OF OBD SYSTEMS 3.1. The administrative provisions for deficiencies of OBD systems as set out in Article 6(2) shall be those specified in Section 4 of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 with the following exceptions. 3.2. Reference to ‘OBD threshold limits’ in paragraph 4.2.2. of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as being reference to the OBD threshold limits in Section 2.3 of this Annex. 3.3. Paragraph 4.6 of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as being as follows: ‘The approval authority shall notify its decision in granting a deficiency request in accordance with Article 6(2).’ 4. ACCESS TO OBD INFORMATION 4.1. Requirements for access to OBD information are specified in section 5 of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation 83. The exceptions to these requirements are described in the following sections. 4.2. References to Appendix 1 of Annex 2 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as references to Appendix 5 to Annex I to this Regulation. 4.3. References to section 3.2.12.2.7.6. of Annex 1 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as references to 3.2.12.2.7.6 of Appendix 3 to Annex I to this Regulation. 4.4. References to ‘contracting parties’ shall be understood as references to ‘member states’. 4.5. References to ‘approval granted under Regulation 83’ shall be understood as references to type-approval granted under this Regulation and Regulation (EC) No 715/2007. 4.6. UN/ECE type-approval shall be understood as EC type-approval. Appendix 1 FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC (OBD) SYSTEMS 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. This Appendix describes the procedure of the test in accordance with section 2 of this Annex. 2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 2.1. The technical requirements and specifications shall be those set out in Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 with the exceptions and additional requirements as described in the following sections. 2.2. The references in Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 to the OBD threshold limits set out in paragraph 3.3.2. to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as references to the OBD threshold limits set out in section 2.3 of this Annex. 2.3. The reference to ‘the Type I test cycle’ in section 2.1.3 of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as a reference to the Type 1 test in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 or Annex XXI of this Regulation, upon the choice of the manufacturer for each individual malfunction to be demonstrated. 2.4. The reference fuels specified in paragraph 3.2. of Appendix 1 of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as reference to the appropriate reference fuel specifications in Annex IX to this Regulation. 2.5. Paragraph 6.4.1.1. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “6.4.1.1. After vehicle preconditioning in accordance with paragraph 6.2. of this Appendix, the test vehicle is driven over a Type I test (Parts One and Two). The MI shall be activated at the latest before the end of this test under any of the conditions given in paragraphs 6.4.1.2. to 6.4.1.5. of this Appendix. The MI may also be activated during preconditioning. The Technical Service may substitute those conditions with others in accordance with paragraph 6.4.1.6. of this Appendix. However, the total number of failures simulated shall not exceed four (4) for the purpose of type approval. In the case of testing a bi-fuel gas vehicle, both fuel types shall be used within the maximum of four (4) simulated failures at the discretion of the Type Approval Authority.” 2.6. The reference to “Annex 11” in paragraph 6.5.1.4. of Appendix 1 of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as reference to Annex XI to this Regulation. 2.7. In addition to the requirements of the second paragraph of Section 1 of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 the following shall apply: “For electrical failures (short/open circuit), the emissions may exceed the limits of paragraph 3.3.2. by more than twenty per cent.” 2.8. Paragraph 6.5.3. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: 6.5.3. The emission control diagnostic system shall provide for standardised and unrestricted access and conform with the following ISO standards and/or SAE specification. Later versions may be used if any of the following standards have been withdrawn and replaced by the relevant standardisation organisation. 6.5.3.1. The following standard shall be used as the on board to off-board communications link: (a) ISO 15765-4:2011 “Road vehicles – Diagnostics on Controller Area Network (CAN) – Part 4: Requirements for emissions-related systems”, dated April 2016; 6.5.3.2. Standards used for the transmission of OBD relevant information: (a) ISO 15031-5 “Road vehicles - communication between vehicles and external test equipment for emissions-related diagnostics – Part 5: Emissions-related diagnostic services”, dated August 2015 or SAE J1979 dated February 2017; (b) ISO 15031-4 “Road vehicles – Communication between vehicle and external test equipment for emissions related diagnostics – Part 4: External test equipment”, dated February 2014 or SAE J1978 dated 30 April 2002; (c) ISO 15031-3 “Road vehicles – Communication between vehicle and external test equipment for emissions related diagnostics Part 3: Diagnostic connector and related electrical circuits: specification and use”, dated April 2016 or SAE J1962 dated 26 July 2012; (d) ISO 15031-6 “Road vehicles – Communication between vehicle and external test equipment for emissions related diagnostics – Part 6: Diagnostic trouble code definitions”, dated August 2015 or SAE J2012 dated 7 March 2013; (e) ISO 27145 “Road vehicles – Implementation of World-Wide Harmonized On-Board Diagnostics (WWH-OBD)” dated 2012-08-15 with the restriction, that only paragraph 6.5.3.1.(a) may be used as a data link; (f) ISO 14229:2013 “Road vehicles – Unified diagnostic services (UDS) with the restriction, that only 6.5.3.1.(a) may be used as a data link”. The standards (e) and (f) may be used as an option instead of (a) not earlier than 1 January 2019. 6.5.3.3. Test equipment and diagnostic tools needed to communicate with OBD systems shall meet or exceed the functional specification given in the standard listed in paragraph 6.5.3.2.(b) of this Appendix. 6.5.3.4. Basic diagnostic data, (as specified in paragraph 6.5.1.) and bi-directional control information shall be provided using the format and units described in the standard listed in paragraph 6.5.3.2.(a) of this Appendix, and must be available using a diagnostic tool meeting the requirements of the standard listed in paragraph 6.5.3.2.(b) of this Appendix. The vehicle manufacturer shall provide to a national standardisation body the details of any emission-related diagnostic data, e.g. PID's, OBD monitor Id's, Test Id's not specified in the standard listed in paragraph 6.5.3.2.(a) of this Regulation but related to this Regulation. 6.5.3.5. When a fault is registered, the manufacturer shall identify the fault using an appropriate ISO/SAE controlled fault code specified in one of the standards listed in paragraph 6.5.3.2.(d) of this Appendix, relating to “emission related system diagnostic trouble codes”. If such identification is not possible, the manufacturer may use manufacturer controlled diagnostic trouble codes in accordance with the same standard. The fault codes shall be fully accessible by standardised diagnostic equipment complying with the provisions of paragraph 6.5.3.3. of this Appendix. The vehicle manufacturer shall provide to a national standardisation body the details of any emission-related diagnostic data, e.g. PID's, OBD monitor Id's, Test Id's not specified in the standards listed in paragraph 6.5.3.2.(a) of this Appendix but related to this Regulation. 6.5.3.6. The connection interface between the vehicle and the diagnostic tester shall be standardised and shall meet all the requirements of the standard listed in paragraph 6.5.3.2.(c) of this Appendix. The installation position shall be subject to agreement of the administrative department such that it is readily accessible by service personnel but protected from tampering by non-qualified personnel. 6.5.3.7. The manufacturer shall also make accessible, where appropriate on payment, the technical information required for the repair or maintenance of motor vehicles unless that information is covered by an intellectual property right or constitutes essential, secret know-how which is identified in an appropriate form; in such case, the necessary technical information shall not be withheld improperly. Entitled to such information is any person engaged in commercially servicing or repairing, road-side rescuing, inspecting or testing of vehicles or in the manufacturing or selling replacement or retro-fit components, diagnostic tools and test equipment.” 2.9. In addition to the requirements of paragraph 6.1. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 the following shall apply: “The Type I Test need not be performed for the demonstration of electrical failures (short/open circuit). The manufacturer may demonstrate these failure modes using driving conditions in which the component is used and the monitoring conditions are encountered. These conditions shall be documented in the type approval documentation.” 2.10 Paragraph 6.2.2. of Appendix 1 of Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “At the request of the manufacturer, alternative and/or additional preconditioning methods may be used.” 2.11 In addition to the requirements of paragraph 6.2. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 the following shall apply: “The use of additional preconditioning cycles or alternative preconditioning methods shall be documented in the type approval documentation.” 2.12. Paragraph 6.3.1.5. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “Electrical disconnection of the electronic evaporative purge control device (if equipped and if active on the selected fuel type).” 2.13. Reserved. 2.14. Paragraph 6.4.2.1. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “After vehicle preconditioning in accordance with paragraph 6.2. of this Appendix, the test vehicle is driven over a Type I test (Parts One and Two). The MI shall be activated at the latest before the end of this test under any of the conditions given in paragraphs 6.4.2.2. to 6.4.2.5. The MI may also be activated during preconditioning. The Technical Service may substitute those conditions by others in accordance with paragraph 6.4.2.5. of this appendix. However, the total number of failures simulated shall not exceed four (4) for the purposes of type approval.” 2.15. The information listed in point 3 of Annex XXII shall be made available as signals through the serial port connector referred to in paragraph 6.5.3.2 (c) of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83, understood as set out in point 2.8 of Appendix 1 to this Annex. 3. IN-USE PERFORMANCE 3.1. General Requirements The technical requirements and specifications shall be those set out in Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 with the exceptions and additional requirements as described in the following sections. 3.1.1. The requirements of paragraph 7.1.5. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as being as follows. For new type approvals and new vehicles the monitor required by paragraph 3.3.4.7. of Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall have an IUPR greater or equal to 0,1 until three years after the dates specified in Article 10(4) and (5) of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 respectively. 3.1.2. The requirements of paragraph 7.1.7. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as being as follows. The manufacturer shall demonstrate to the approval authority and, upon request, to the Commission that these statistical conditions are satisfied for all monitors required to be reported by the OBD system in accordance with paragraph 7.6. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to Regulation No 83 not later than 18 months after the entry onto the market of the first vehicle type with IUPR in an OBD family and every 18 months thereafter. For this purpose, for OBD families consisting of more than 1 000 registrations in the Union, that are subject to sampling within the sampling period, the process described in Annex II shall be used without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph 7.1.9. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to Regulation No 83. In addition to the requirements set out in Annex II and regardless of the result of the audit described in Section 2 of Annex II, the authority granting the approval shall apply the in-service conformity check for IUPR described in Appendix 1 to Annex II in an appropriate number of randomly determined cases. ‘In an appropriate number of randomly determined cases’ means, that this measure has a dissuasive effect on non-compliance with the requirements of Section 3 of this Annex or the provision of manipulated, false or non-representative data for the audit. If no special circumstances apply and can be demonstrated by the type-approval authorities, random application of the in-service conformity check to 5 % of the type approved OBD families shall be considered as sufficient for compliance with this requirement. For this purpose, type-approval authorities may find arrangements with the manufacturer for the reduction of double testing of a given OBD family as long as these arrangements do not harm the dissuasive effect of the type-approval authority's own in-service conformity check on non-compliance with the requirements of Section 3 of this Annex. Data collected by Member States during surveillance testing programmes may be used for in-service conformity checks. Upon request, type-approval authorities shall provide data on the audits and random in-service conformity checks performed, including the methodology used for identifying those cases, which are made subject to the random in-service conformity check, to the Commission and other type-approval authorities. 3.1.3. Non-compliance with the requirements of paragraph 7.1.6. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to Regulation No 83 established by tests described in point 3.1.2 of this Appendix or paragraph 7.1.9 of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 to Regulation No 83 shall be considered as an infringement subject to the penalties set out in Article 13 of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007. This reference does not limit the application of such penalties to other infringements of other provisions of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 or this Regulation, which do not explicitly refer to Article 13 of Regulation (EC) No 715/2007. 3.1.4. Paragraph 7.6.1. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be replaced with the following: “7.6.1. The OBD system shall report, in accordance with the standard listed in paragraph 6.5.3.2.(a) of this Appendix, the ignition cycle counter and general denominator as well as separate numerators and denominators for the following monitors, if their presence on the vehicle is required by this Annex: (a) Catalysts (each bank to be reported separately); (b) Oxygen/exhaust gas sensors, including secondary oxygen sensors (each sensor to be reported separately); (c) Evaporative system; (d) EGR system; (e) VVT system; (f) Secondary air system; (g) Particulate trap/filter; (h) NO x after-treatment system (e.g. NO x absorber, NO x reagent/catalyst system); (i) Boost pressure control system.” 3.1.5. Paragraph 7.6.2. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 shall be understood as follows: “7.6.2. For specific components or systems that have multiple monitors, which are required to be reported by this point (e.g. oxygen sensor bank 1 may have multiple monitors for sensor response or other sensor characteristics), the OBD system shall separately track numerators and denominators for each of the specific monitors and report only the corresponding numerator and denominator for the specific monitor that has the lowest numerical ratio. If two or more specific monitors have identical ratios, the corresponding numerator and denominator for the specific monitor that has the highest denominator shall be reported for the specific component.” 3.1.6. In addition to the requirements of paragraph 7.6.2. of Appendix 1 to Annex 11 of UN/ECE Regulation No 83 the following shall apply: “Numerators and denominators for specific monitors of components or systems, that are monitoring continuously for short circuit or open circuit failures are exempted from reporting. “Continuously,” if used in this context means monitoring is always enabled and sampling of the signal used for monitoring occurs at a rate no less than two samples per second and the presence or the absence of the failure relevant to that monitor has to be concluded within 15 seconds. If for control purposes, a computer input component is sampled less frequently, the signal of the component may instead be evaluated each time sampling occurs. It is not required to activate an output component/system for the sole purpose of monitoring that output component/system.” Appendix 2 ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE FAMILY The essential characteristics of the vehicle family shall be those specified in Appendix 2 to Annex 11 to UN/ECE Regulation No 83. ’ ( 1 ) Positive ignition particulate mass and particle number limits apply only to vehicles with direct injection engines. ( 2 ) Particle number limits may be introduced at a later date. ( 3 ) Positive ignition particulate mass limits apply only to vehicles with direct injection engines.