Standards and criteria to assess the Member States’ state of implementation of their national prevention, preparedness and response plans and their relation with the Union prevention, preparedness and response plan
ANNEX IISupplementary provisions
ANNEX II Standards and criteria to assess the Member States’ state of implementation of their national prevention, preparedness and response plans and their relation with the Union prevention, preparedness and response plan The standards and criteria for assessing Member States’ state of implementation of their national prevention, preparedness and response plans and their relation with the Union prevention, preparedness and response plan are listed in the table below. The ECDC assessments shall have a qualitative approach to the state of implementation of Member States’ national prevention, preparedness and response plans and their relation with the Union prevention, preparedness and response plan. The standards and criteria are based on capacities set out in the International Health Regulations (2005) and additional capacities referred to in Article 7(1) of Regulation (EU) 2022/2371, including the information submitted as part of the State Party Self-Assessment Annual Reporting Tool (SPAR). The SPAR is used by Member States to report on core capacities for surveillance and response on the implementation of Article 54 of the International Health Regulations (2005). The standards are grouped by reference to the capacities set out in Sections A and B of the Annex to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1808. The ECDC shall assess to which extent the criteria have been implemented in the prevention, preparedness and response planning of Member States and their relation to the reporting under Article 7 of Regulation (EU) 2022/2371 by using the associated indicator levels and responses to the open questions provided in the template. Table Standards and criteria for assessing Member States’ state of implementation of national prevention, preparedness and response plans and their relation with the Union prevention, preparedness and response plan Capacity Standard Criteria A. INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS (IHR) 2005 CAPACITIES 1a. Policy, legal and normative Instruments to implement the International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005 1a.1 Policy, legal and normative instruments for preparedness and response planning 1a.1.1 Conduct legal analysis of legal and normative instruments and policies for IHR implementation 1a.1.2 Incorporate coordination across national, regional and local levels 1a.1.3 Include in the legal instruments coordination with sectors responsible for critical infrastructure 1a.1.4 Incorporate coordination and cooperation at national-Union interface 1a.1.5 Include a clear decision-making process during public health emergencies 1a.1.6 Evaluate and test operational readiness of legal and normative instruments and policies including identification of gaps 1a.1.7 Include a mechanism for revising legal instruments which includes all government levels 1a.2 Gender equality in health emergency 1a.2.1 Assess systematically gender equality 1a.2.2 Include an action plan to address gender gaps and inequalities, which is funded and with mechanisms in place for monitoring, evaluation and reporting 1b. IHR coordination, national IHR focal point functions and advocacy 1b.1 Mechanisms for IHR implementation 1b.1.1 Have IHR national focal point functions appropriately resourced, positioned, regularly tested and updated 1b.1.2 Include multisectoral coordination mechanisms across administrative levels, which are regularly tested and updated 1b.1.3 Include advocacy mechanisms in place across all administrative levels, regularly tested and updated 2. Financing 2.1. Financing for IHR implementation 2.1.1. Include a financial planning across all administrative levels involving all relevant sectors 2.1.2 Have the ability to provide financial support to other countries 2.1.3 Incorporate a monitoring and accountability mechanisms 2.2. Financial resources to respond to a public health emergency 2.2.1 Incorporate financial planning across all administrative levels 2.2.2 Conduct regular tests of financial resources for contingency funding and implement recommendations for improvement 2.2.3 Have the ability to offer financial support to other countries 2.3. Coordination of policies and activities in the case of a public health emergency 2.3.1 Have procedures involving Ministry of Health and Ministry of Finance 3. Laboratory 3.1 Specimen referral and transport system 3.1 Have a referral and transport system for all specimen types across all administrative levels 3.2 Test and update the transport system 3.2 Biosafety and biosecurity 3.2.1 Include guidelines in all laboratories across all administrative levels 3.2.2 Test and update the procedures regularly 3.2.3 Have access to high-containment laboratories 3.3 Quality system 3.3.1 Implement national quality standards across all administrative levels 3.3.2 Test and update the procedures regularly 3.3.3 Have a facility dedicated to validating new devices for novel pathogen diagnosis 3.4 Testing capacity 3.4.1 Have a laboratory system that can perform in all capacities, including characterisation of a novel pathogen by Next Generation Sequencing 3.4.2 Include a plan to scale-up testing capacities in case of a public health emergency, which is regularly tested and updated 3.4.3 Have appropriate time for implementation of new nucleic acid amplification-based tests (NAATs) with scale-up capacity of diagnostic NAAT testing services and adapt associated laboratory systems 3.4.4 Have access to additional sources of laboratory capacity 3.4.5 Configure a laboratory network to support the testing needs, which is regularly tested and updated 3.5 Diagnostic network 3.5.1 Implement testing strategies across all administrative levels, which are regularly tested and updated 3.6 Laboratory testing result reporting system 3.6.1 Include an electronic reporting system 3.6.2 Have capacity to scale-up the reporting system 3.6.3 Integrate different sources of laboratory capacities 4. Surveillance 4.1 Early warning, surveillance functions and surveillance system 4.1.1 Cover all healthcare levels for acute respiratory infections 4.1.2 Have automated surveillance system for acute respiratory infection, influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infections 4.1.3 Provide immediate and weekly reporting of events and/or data 4.1.4 Have ability to scale-up during a public health emergency for respiratory infections 4.1.5 Include guidelines and/or standard operating procedures for surveillance across all administrative levels 4.1.6 Have ability to monitor relevant indicators during a public health emergency for the whole territory 4.1.7 Test and update surveillance system across all administrative levels 4.1.8 Have a wastewater monitoring system 4.2 Assessment of pandemic threats and event management 4.2.1 Have assessment methodology which consider information on transmissibility, severity, immunological information, vaccine effectiveness and impact 4.2.2 Implement event management mechanism across all administrative levels, which is regularly tested and updated 5. Human resources 5.1 Human resources for implementation of the IHR 5.1.1 Have appropriate human resources in all relevant sectors across all administrative levels according to IHR provisions 5.1.2 Have documented policies and procedures for sustainable appropriate human resources in relevant sectors, which are regularly tested and updated 5.1.3 Include mechanisms to support other countries in planning and developing human resources capacities 5.2 Surge capacity in human resources in the event of a public health emergency 5.2.1 Include mechanisms to ensure a surge in human resources, such as a national multisectoral workforce surge strategic plan, including an operational instrument considering different services and administrative levels 5.2.2 Include agreement to receive and exchange human resources support in the health sector considering the government and non-governmental partners, different administrative levels and other countries 5.2.3 Test and update the mechanism regularly 5.2.4 Ensure training of participants 6a. Health emergency management – Management of health emergency response 6a.1 Prevention, preparedness, and response planning for public health emergencies 6a.1.1 Have an all-hazard risk informed health emergency plan and/or prevention, preparedness, and response plan for public health emergencies in use across all sectors and at all administrative levels, which is regularly tested and updated 6a.1.2 Include provisions for medical transfer of patients and/or mobile medical teams to other countries 6a.1.3 Seek coherence with the Union prevention, preparedness and response plan and include cross-border interregional preparedness elements 6a.1.4 Include a strategy for emergency research and innovation 6a.1.5 Include a One Health approach, which is regularly tested and updated 6a.1.6 Ensure a coordination mechanism in case of intentional release scenario with specific national coordination mechanisms 6a.1.7 Consider support roles, functions and instruments of the Commission and relevant Union agencies and bodies 6a.1.8 Include provisions for cross-border mutual aid which have been regularly tested and shared with the Health Security Committee. 6a.2 Management of specific health threats – epidemic response plans 6a.2.1 Conduct routine health emergency risk profiling for serious cross-border threats to health 6a.2.2 Develop specific health emergency risk profiling and epidemic response plans, which are regularly tested and updated 6a.2.3 Have a plan to address availability and use of threat specific medical countermeasures used for specific threats 6a.3 Incident Management System (IMS) 6a.3.1 Have an IMS or equivalent system linking the public health sector with sectors involved in health preparedness and response planning, which is regularly tested 6a.3.2 Integrate an incident management system with a national public health emergency operations centre with the ability to support across all administrative levels 6a.3.3 Adapt the command and control structure/hierarchy composition of the IMS 6a.3.4 Include interoperability with Early Warning and Response System module for incident and/or crisis management 6a.4 Public Health and Social Measures (PHSM) 6a.4.1 Provide for a multi-disciplinary and cross-sectoral mechanism for the implementation of PHSMs during a public health emergency, which is regularly evaluated and tested 6a.4.2 Have capacity of evaluating the timeliness and effectiveness of PHSM 6a.4.3 Conduct testing of the mechanism 6.b Health Emergency Management – Emergency logistic and supply chain management 6b.1 Demand and supply of critical medical countermeasures (MCMs) 6b.1.1 Identify critical MCMs for preparedness and response to serious cross-border threats to health 6b.1.2 Include emergency logistics and supply chain management system across all administrative levels, which is regularly evaluated and updated 6b.1.3 Have national policies or plans for monitoring of the supply and estimating demand of critical MCMs, which are regularly tested and updated 6b.1.4 Implement provisions in the preparedness and response plan to mitigate supply chain vulnerabilities of critical MCMs 6b.2 Production of MCMs 6b.2.1 Identify the current production of critical MCMs (full or partial) at national level 6b.2.2 Have existing or planned arrangements to timely scale-up manufacturing of crisis-relevant MCMs 6b.3 Strategic stockpiles 6b.3.1 Have national strategic stockpiles of MCMs 6b.3.2 Incorporate clear requirements for the deployment of the MCMs held within the stockpile 7. Health Service Provision 7.1 Continuity of healthcare service 7.1.1 Provide for foresight assessment of the potential impact of a health emergency on continuity of health services in the prevention, preparedness and response plan or equivalent document 7.1.2 Have a dedicated operational plan for continuity of healthcare services, which is regularly tested and updated 7.1.3 Have a mechanism for monitoring service continuity across all administrative levels, which is regularly tested and updated 7.1.4 Include a mechanism for prioritisation/flexibility of health service provision in the operational plan, which is regularly tested 7.1.5 Ensure interdisciplinary crisis management coordination between all actors of the healthcare system 7.1.6 Implement national clinical case management guidelines for priority health events across all administrative levels, which are regularly tested and updated 7.2 Business continuity for healthcare providers 7.2.1 Have a national guidance/recommendations for business continuity plans using a multi-sectorial approach, which are regularly tested and updated 7.2.2 Have strong levels of service utilisation at all health care facilities and administrative levels, and allow revision and update of information on service utilisation 7.2.3 Require the hospitals to have a hospital alert and response plan, which is regularly tested 7.2.4 Have capacity to map available health services in the case of a public health emergency 8. Risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) 8.1 RCCE coordination 8.1.1 Implement mechanisms for coordination of RCCE functions and resources, including infodemics management, across all administrative levels, which are regularly tested and updated 8.1.2 Provide for coordination with the Health Security Committee on the risk and crisis communication in the communication plan 8.2 Risk communication 8.2.1 Have national risk communication plan across all administrative levels, which is regularly tested and updated 8.2.2 Conduct analysis of target audiences and preferred communication channels to inform risk communication interventions 8.2.3 Include proactive outreach and media monitoring to adjust and improve risk communication strategies 8.3 Community engagement 8.3.1 Have mechanisms for systematic community engagement and implement activities across all administrative levels 8.3.2 Test and update the community engagement mechanisms 8.3.3 Conduct socio-behavioural research 9. Points of entry (PoE) and border health 9.1 Core capacities and contingency plan 9.1.1 Implement, test, and update routine core capacities in all PoE with an approach that encompasses all hazards and is multi-sectoral 9.1.2 Integrate routine core capacities with national surveillance system 9.1.3 Implement, test, and update PoE all-hazard public health emergency contingency plans 9.1.4 Implement and test instruments regularly for sharing and reporting of travel related health information 9.2 International travel-related measures 9.2.1 Implement, test and update international travel-related measures adoption mechanism across all administrative levels 9.2.2 Include communication with the Health Security Committee prior to implementation of measures 10. Zoonotic diseases and threats of environmental origin, including those due to the climate 10.1 One Health approach 10.1.1 Have One Health multisectoral capacities to prevent, detect, assess and respond to zoonotic events, which are regularly tested and updated 10.1.2 Implement training programmes for One Health professionals on zoonoses 10.1.3 Have information for the public available on the personal protective measures to follow when finding sick/dead wild animals 10.1.4 Conduct surveillance of agreed prioritised zoonotic diseases in coordination between animal health, public health, and environmental sectors 10.2 Environmental threats 10.2.1 Include provisions about the effects of climate change on zoonotic diseases 10.2.2 Include provisions about the impacts of extreme weather events on public health 11. Chemical events 11.1 Preparedness and response for chemical events 11.1.1 Implement a chemical preparedness and response plan, which is regularly tested and updated 11.1.2 Include procedures for a health risk assessment a case of a health threat from chemical origin 11.1.3 Conduct surveillance, assessment and management of chemical events and poisoning/intoxication 11.1.4 Have an integrated system of public health surveillance linked with environmental monitoring, that captures and assesses data on chemical exposures from multiple sources B. ADDITIONAL CAPACITIES AS PER REGULATION (EU) 2022/2371 12. Antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections 12.1 Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) 12.1.1 Have a national action plan on AMR, appropriately costed and funded, including a One Health multi-sectoral governance or coordination mechanism on AMR 12.1.2 Have appropriate monitoring and evaluation arrangements for national action plans on AMR, including all/the relevant targets agreed at EU level 12.1.3 Have in place functional systems for the rapid detection, confirmation and notification of novel or priority multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) 12.1.4 Have national procedures for screening and reporting MDRO carriage at hospital admission 12.1.5 Have antimicrobial stewardship guidelines implemented at healthcare facilities 12.1.6 Have a national surveillance system on AMR that also includes reporting on antimicrobial consumption and designated (a) national reference laboratory/ies for AMR 12.1.7 Identify challenges in addressing AMR 12.2 Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) 12.2.1 Implement national strategic plan for HAI surveillance, which is regularly tested and updated 12.2.2 Implement infection prevention and control programmes, which are regularly tested and updated 12.2.3 Implement national standards and resources to ensure safe environment in health facilities across all administrative levels, which are regularly tested and updated 12.2.4 Identify challenges in addressing HAIs 13. Union level coordination and support functions 13.1 Coordination with the Health Security Committee and involvement in support functions 13.1.1 Incorporate the Health Security Committee representative into national level coordination structures and support the flow of information between the Member State and the Health Security Committee 13.1.2 Incorporate and/or factor in Union level support functions: opinions and guidance from the Health Security Committee for the prevention and control of serious cross-border threats to health; Commission’s recommendations on common temporary public health measures; recommendations from the ECDC on response to health threats 14. Research development and evaluations to inform and accelerate emergency preparedness 14.1 Research in prevention preparedness and response plans 14.1.1 Include a strategy for emergency research and innovation, allocating and mobilising funds and strengthening capacity 14.1.2 Have a process in place to link public health needs with research priorities and needs 14.1.3 Strengthen research, innovation and capacities 14.2 Research procedures in public health emergencies 14.2.1 Participate in networks of clinical trial sites or cohorts 14.2.2 Have processes in place to establish protocols and data collection during public health emergencies 14.2.3 Have procedures in place for rapid site accreditation and for expedited coordination 14.2.4 Have an approach to operational (e.g. in action) research in place 15. Recovery elements 15.1 Recovery plan 15.1.1 Have a recovery plan including capturing lessons learnt and embedding them in a national action plan 15.1.2 Implement and monitor the recovery process across all administrative levels 16. Actions taken to improve gaps found in the implementation of prevention, preparedness, and response plans 16.1 National action plan and strategy for prevention, preparedness, and response improvement 16.1.1 Use complementary mechanisms to assess the implementation of IHR capacities and prevention, preparedness, and response planning 16.1.2 Develop a national action plan aligned with whole of government and One Health for all hazards approach 16.1.3 Conduct a cost estimation of the national action planning for health security or equivalent system and implement it