Definitions
Article 2
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply: (1) ‘digital product passport registry’ or ‘registry’ means the information system established and maintained by the Commission in accordance with Article 13 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1781; (2) ‘login credentials’ means a set of unique identifiers, such as a username and password, that enables a user to verify its identity in order to authenticate themselves in the registry; (3) ‘authentication token’ means a token that securely transmits information about successful authentication and is used to prove authenticated sessions or delegated access between applications and the digital product passport information system; (4) ‘identity verification process’ means the process by which a natural person or legal person provides evidence of identity and, where applicable, of establishment; (5) ‘verified economic operator’ means an economic operator that has successfully completed the identity verification process in the registry in accordance with Article 4; (6) ‘value chain actor’ means a natural or legal person, other than the economic operator, that performs activities in the value chain of a product requiring a digital product passport and its registration in the registry, such as a repairer, refurbisher, remanufacturer or recycler; (7) ‘verified value chain actor’ means a value chain actor that has successfully completed the identity verification process in the registry in accordance with Article 5; (8) ‘semantic repository’ means a collection of data models and semantic definitions that are composed of a structured and logically interrelated set of terms and their meanings specifying the core elements of the digital product passport, the definitions of names or vocabularies, the data elements and the ontology associated with specific data in order to ensure common understanding across all users, and cross-lingual interpretation used for digital product passport validation and for linking the registry data with the digital product passports; (9) ‘semantic interoperability’ means the ability of information systems and the organisations that support them to exchange data in such a way that the meaning of exchanged information is mutually understood and unambiguously interpretable by all parties, regardless of the underlying technology or jurisdiction; (10) ‘controlled vocabulary’ means a structured and authoritative set of standardised terms with defined meanings with a view to ensuring consistent representation of data attributes across digital product passports; (11) ‘semantic specification’ means any artefact published in the semantic repository, including ontologies, data models, controlled vocabularies, and code lists, together with their versioning metadata and provenance information; (12) ‘semantic conformity’ means the extent to which the data contained in a digital product passport comply with the applicable semantic specification, in that: (a) all data elements required under the delegated acts adopted pursuant to Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 or under other Union law are present; (b) the mandatory (required and defined) and optional (not required but defined) data elements defined under the delegated acts adopted pursuant to Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 or under other Union law comply with the applicable requirements, such as, regards structure, format, value type, controlled vocabulary and rules on applicability; and (c) those data elements are capable of being interpreted consistently by other systems through reference to the applicable semantic repository; (13) ‘data model’ means a structured framework that organises elements of data, standardises the structure, determines how they relate to one another, and identifies the entities, their attributes and the relationship between those entities; (14) ‘log system’ means an automated system that records and stores information on all operations and interactions carried out in the registry; (15) ‘data exchange model’ means a structured framework through which data can be exchanged between different systems and platforms; (16) ‘hash of the version of the digital product passport’ means the output generated from the relevant electronic data using a cryptographic algorithm from the relevant version of the digital product passport; (17) ‘massive data download’ means the retrieval of an exceptionally large or complex dataset - typically ranging from terabytes to petabytes in scale - which exceeds the processing or storage capabilities of conventional tools or a single local machine or interferes with monitoring safeguards. The definitions of ‘product’, ‘product group’, ‘digital product passport’, ‘digital product passport service provider’, ‘placing on the market’, ‘putting into service’, ‘economic operator’, as set out in Article 2, points (1), (5), (28), (32), (40), (41) and (46), respectively, of Regulation (EU) 2024/1781, apply. For the purposes of this Regulation, ‘digital product passport’ includes the battery passport established by Article 77 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542. The definitions of ‘authentication’, ‘qualified electronic signature’, ‘qualified trust service provider’, ‘qualified electronic seal’, ‘qualified certificate for electronic seal’ and ‘electronic time stamp’, as set out in Article 3, points (5), (12), (20), (27), (30) and (33), respectively, of Regulation (EU) No 910/2014, apply. The definition of ‘machine-readable format’, as defined in Article 2, point (13), of Directive (EU) 2019/1024 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 12 ) , applies. The definition of ‘processing’, as set out in Article 3, point (3), of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 13 ) , applies. The definition of ‘incident’, as set out in Article 6, point (6), of Directive (EU) 2022/2555 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 14 ) , applies. The definition of ‘controller’, as set out in Article 3, point (8), of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725, applies. The definitions of ‘market surveillance’, ‘market surveillance authority’ and ‘release for free circulation’, as set out in Article 3, points (3), (4), and (25), respectively, of Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 15 ) , apply. The definitions of ‘customs authorities’ and ‘customs controls’, as set out in Article 5, points (1) and (3), respectively, of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013, apply.