s 31E General civil restraint orders
31E.—(1) A tribunal may, if satisfied that a party has brought actions on a claim or made applications in a tribunal where an extended civil restraint order would not be sufficient or appropriate, make a general civil restraint order against the party. (2) Where a tribunal makes a general civil restraint order, the party against whom the order is made —(a) is restrained from commencing any action or making any application, in any tribunal without the permission of a tribunal; and (b) may apply to amend, vary or discharge the order, only if the party has the permission of a tribunal to make the application. (3) Where a party, who is subject to a general civil restraint order, commences an action or makes an application in any tribunal (other than for the permission of a tribunal under subsection (2)), without the permission of a tribunal under subsection (2), that action or application is to be treated as struck out or dismissed —(a) without a tribunal having to make any further order; and (b) without the need for any other party to be heard on the merits of that action or application. (4) A general civil restraint order remains in effect for a period (not exceeding 2 years) that is specified in the order. (5) A tribunal —(a) may extend the period for which a general civil restraint order remains in effect, if the tribunal considers it appropriate to do so; but (b) must not extend that period for more than 2 years on any given occasion.[Act 43 of 2024 wef 01/09/2026]