s 56 Proof and knowledge, etc., of predicate offence
56.—(1) For the purpose of proving under this Part whether the whole or any part of any property constitutes, or directly or indirectly represents, the benefits of drug dealing or the benefits from criminal conduct, it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove the particulars of any offence constituted by the drug dealing or criminal conduct.[21/2014] (2) For the purpose of proving under this Part whether a person knows or has reasonable grounds to believe that the whole or any part of any property constitutes, or directly or indirectly represents, the benefits of drug dealing or the benefits from criminal conduct —(a) it is sufficient for the prosecution to prove that the person knows or has reasonable grounds to believe that the whole or part of the property constitutes, or directly or indirectly represents, the benefits of an offence generally; and (b) it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the person knows or has reasonable grounds to believe that the whole or part of the property constitutes, or directly or indirectly represents, the benefits of a particular offence.[21/2014] (3) For the purpose of proving under this Part whether doing or being concerned in any act in a foreign country constitutes drug dealing or criminal conduct —(a) where the prosecution adduces, to the satisfaction of the court, some evidence that doing or being concerned in the act satisfies every element of a foreign drug dealing offence or foreign serious offence, it is presumed, until the contrary is proved, that the act constitutes that foreign drug dealing offence or foreign serious offence, as the case may be; and (b) without affecting section 59(1)(b) of the Evidence Act 1893, the court may take judicial notice of any Act passed by the legislature of that foreign country.[51/2018] (4) Section 59(2) and (3) of the Evidence Act 1893 applies to the taking of judicial notice under subsection (3)(b). (5) For the purpose of proving an offence under section 50(1) or (1A) against a person for entering into, or for otherwise being concerned in, an arrangement involving property that relates to the benefits of drug dealing, it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove as a physical element of that offence that the property is in fact the benefits of drug dealing.[Act 24 of 2024 wef 14/11/2024] (6) For the purpose of proving an offence under section 51(1) or (1A) against a person for entering into, or for otherwise being concerned in, an arrangement involving property that relates to the benefits from criminal conduct, it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove as a physical element of that offence that the property is in fact the benefits from criminal conduct.[Act 24 of 2024 wef 14/11/2024] (7) For the purpose of proving an offence under section 53(1), (2), (3) or (3A) against a person for any act mentioned in those provisions involving property that relates to the benefits of drug dealing, it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove as a physical element of that offence that the property is in fact the benefits of drug dealing.[Act 24 of 2024 wef 14/11/2024] (8) For the purpose of proving an offence under section 54(1), (2), (3) or (3A) against a person for any act mentioned in those provisions involving property that relates to the benefits from criminal conduct, it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove as a physical element of that offence that the property is in fact the benefits from criminal conduct.[Act 24 of 2024 wef 14/11/2024] (9) For the purpose of proving an offence under section 55A(1) against a person for entering into, or for otherwise being concerned in, an arrangement involving property that relates to the benefits of drug dealing or the benefits from criminal conduct, it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove as a physical element of that offence that the property is in fact the benefits of drug dealing or the benefits from criminal conduct, as the case may be.[Act 24 of 2024 wef 14/11/2024] (10) For the purpose of proving an offence under section 55A(2) against a person for any act mentioned in that provision involving property that relates to the benefits of drug dealing or the benefits from criminal conduct, it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove as a physical element of that offence that the property is in fact the benefits of drug dealing or the benefits from criminal conduct, as the case may be.[47A [51/2018] [Act 24 of 2024 wef 14/11/2024]