s 65 Driving without due care and attention or reasonable consideration
65. —(1) A person must not drive a motor vehicle on a road — ( a ) without due care and attention; or ( b ) without reasonable consideration for other persons using the road. (2) A person ( X ) commits an offence if — ( a ) X contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) death is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by X . (3) A person ( Y ) commits an offence if — ( a ) Y contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) grievous hurt is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by Y . (4) A person ( Z ) commits an offence if — ( a ) Z contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) hurt is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by Z . (5) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $1,500 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $3,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (6) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (2) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 years or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 4 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (7) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (3) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 4 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (8) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (4) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $2,500 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (9) A court convicting a person of an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) in the following cases is to, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to not order or to order a shorter period of disqualification, order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a disqualification period that is equal to or longer than the specified period corresponding to that case: ( a ) for a serious offender in subsection (5)( c ) — 2 years; ( b ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (5)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 5 years; ( c ) for a repeat offender in subsection (6)( b ) — 8 years; ( d ) for a serious offender in subsection (6)( c ) — 10 years; ( e ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (6)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 13 years; ( f ) for a repeat offender in subsection (7)( b ) — 5 years; ( g ) for a serious offender in subsection (7)( c ) — 7 years; ( h ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (7)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 10 years; ( i ) for a serious offender in subsection (8)( c ) — 2 years; ( j ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (8)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 5 years. [Act 5 of 2026 wef 14/04/2026] (10) A court convicting a person of an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) in the following cases is to order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for life starting on the date of the person’s conviction, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to order a shorter period: ( a ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (5)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( b ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (6)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( c ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (7)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( d ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (8)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence. (11) A person is a repeat offender in relation to an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) (called the current offence), respectively, if — ( a ) the person in the respective subsection has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on at least one other earlier occasion of any of the following offences: (i) an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5); (ii) an offence under section 64 or 116; (iii) an offence under this section, or section 64 or 66, as in force immediately before 1 November 2019; (iv) an offence under this section, or section 64, as in force on or after 1 November 2019 but before the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025; (v) an offence under section 279, 304A, 336, 337 or 338 of the Penal Code 1871 where the act constituting the offence involves the use of a motor vehicle; or ( b ) the person in the respective subsection meets both of the following criteria: (i) the person has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) of an offence under section 63(4) on at least 2 other earlier occasions within the period of 5 years immediately before the date on which the person is convicted of the current offence; (ii) in respect of at least 2 of those convictions, the court is satisfied that in committing the offence under section 63(4), the person had driven a motor vehicle on a road at a speed which exceeded by more than 40 kilometres per hour the speed limit imposed by or in exercise of powers conferred by this Act. (12) Any police officer may arrest without warrant any person who has committed or is committing an offence under this section. (13) Despite the Criminal Procedure Code 2010, a District Court or a Magistrate’s Court has jurisdiction to try any offence under this section and has power to impose the full punishment specified in this section. [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025] —(1) A person must not drive a motor vehicle on a road — ( a ) without due care and attention; or ( b ) without reasonable consideration for other persons using the road. (2) A person ( X ) commits an offence if — ( a ) X contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) death is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by X . (3) A person ( Y ) commits an offence if — ( a ) Y contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) grievous hurt is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by Y . (4) A person ( Z ) commits an offence if — ( a ) Z contravenes subsection (1); and ( b ) hurt is caused to another person by the driving of the motor vehicle by Z . (5) A person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $1,500 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $3,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (6) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (2) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 years or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $20,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 4 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (7) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (3) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 4 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (8) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (4) shall on conviction — ( a ) be liable to a fine not exceeding $2,500 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both; ( b ) if the person is a repeat offender — be liable to a fine not exceeding $5,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years or to both; ( c ) if the person is a serious offender in relation to the driving — be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 and not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ); or ( d ) if the person is a serious repeat offender in relation to the driving — be punished with a fine of not less than $5,000 and not more than $20,000 and with imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years, in addition to any punishment under paragraph ( a ) or ( b ). (9) A court convicting a person of an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) in the following cases is to, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to not order or to order a shorter period of disqualification, order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for a disqualification period that is equal to or longer than the specified period corresponding to that case: ( a ) for a serious offender in subsection (5)( c ) — 2 years; ( b ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (5)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 5 years; ( c ) for a repeat offender in subsection (6)( b ) — 8 years; ( d ) for a serious offender in subsection (6)( c ) — 10 years; ( e ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (6)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 13 years; ( f ) for a repeat offender in subsection (7)( b ) — 5 years; ( g ) for a serious offender in subsection (7)( c ) — 7 years; ( h ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (7)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 10 years; ( i ) for a serious offender in subsection (8)( c ) — 2 years; ( j ) for a serious repeat offender in subsection (8)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on only one earlier occasion of any specified offence — 5 years. [Act 5 of 2026 wef 14/04/2026] (10) A court convicting a person of an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) in the following cases is to order that the person be disqualified from holding or obtaining a driving licence for life starting on the date of the person’s conviction, unless the court for special reasons thinks fit to order a shorter period: ( a ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (5)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( b ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (6)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( c ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (7)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence; ( d ) a serious repeat offender in subsection (8)( d ) who has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on 2 or more earlier occasions of any specified offence. (11) A person is a repeat offender in relation to an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5) (called the current offence), respectively, if — ( a ) the person in the respective subsection has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) on at least one other earlier occasion of any of the following offences: (i) an offence under subsection (2), (3), (4) or (5); (ii) an offence under section 64 or 116; (iii) an offence under this section, or section 64 or 66, as in force immediately before 1 November 2019; (iv) an offence under this section, or section 64, as in force on or after 1 November 2019 but before the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025; (v) an offence under section 279, 304A, 336, 337 or 338 of the Penal Code 1871 where the act constituting the offence involves the use of a motor vehicle; or ( b ) the person in the respective subsection meets both of the following criteria: (i) the person has been convicted (whether before, on or after the date of commencement of section 5 of the Road Traffic (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 2025) of an offence under section 63(4) on at least 2 other earlier occasions within the period of 5 years immediately before the date on which the person is convicted of the current offence; (ii) in respect of at least 2 of those convictions, the court is satisfied that in committing the offence under section 63(4), the person had driven a motor vehicle on a road at a speed which exceeded by more than 40 kilometres per hour the speed limit imposed by or in exercise of powers conferred by this Act. (12) Any police officer may arrest without warrant any person who has committed or is committing an offence under this section. (13) Despite the Criminal Procedure Code 2010, a District Court or a Magistrate’s Court has jurisdiction to try any offence under this section and has power to impose the full punishment specified in this section. [Act 2 of 2025 wef 12/06/2025]