ANNEX XSupplementary provisions
ANNEX X ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTICS 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. This Annex sets out the functional aspects of on-board diagnostic (OBD) systems for the control of emissions from engine systems which are covered by this Regulation. 2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 2.1. The general requirements, including the specific requirements for electronic system security, shall be those set out in Section 4 of Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 and those described in Section 2 of this Annex. 2.2. The reference to Driving cycle in Annex 9C to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 shall be read as reference to Driving cycle as defined in Article 2(36) of this Regulation. 2.3. Additional provisions concerning monitoring requirements 2.3.1. In addition to the monitoring requirements set out in Appendix 3 to Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 the monitoring requirements set out in Appendix 1 to this Annex shall apply. 2.3.1.1. The failure classification rules shall be the ones set out in Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49. Failures detected by the additional monitors required by Appendix 1 shall not be classified as class C failures ( 1 ) . 2.3.2. In the case where the control of reagent injection is performed by means of a closed-loop system, the monitoring requirements set out in Item 1 of Appendix 3 to Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 shall apply. 2.3.2.1. Failures detected according to the provisions of 2.3.2 shall not be classified as class C failures. 2.3.3. The monitoring requirements concerning particulate aftertreatment devices set out in Item 2(c) of Appendix 3 to Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 shall be understood and complemented as set out in points 2.3.3.1, 2.3.3.2 and 2.3.3.3. 2.3.3.1 The performance of the particulate aftertreatment device including the filtration and continuous regeneration processes shall be monitored against the OBD threshold limit specified in Table 1. 2.3.3.2. The periodic regeneration shall be monitored against the ability of the device to perform as designed (for example to perform regeneration within a manufacturer-specified time interval, to perform regeneration upon demand, etc.). This shall constitute one element of the component monitoring associated with the device. 2.3.3.3. Before the dates specified in Article 4(8) and in the case of a wall-flow diesel particulate filter (DPF), the manufacturer may choose to apply the performance monitoring requirements set out in Appendix 3 to this Annex instead of the requirements of Section 2.3.3.1, if he can demonstrate with technical documentation that in case of deterioration there is a positive correlation between the loss of filtration efficiency and the loss of pressure drop (delta pressure) across the DPF under the operating conditions of the engine specified in the test described in Appendix 3 to this Annex. 2.3.3.4. The Commission shall conduct a review of the monitoring requirements set out in point 2.3.3.1 by 31 December 2012. In case the technical non-feasibility of the respective requirements by the dates indicated in point 2.3.3.3 is demonstrated, the Commission shall make a proposal for amending these dates accordingly. 2.4. Alternative approval 2.4.1. If requested by the manufacturer, for vehicles of category M 1 , M 2 , N 1 and N 2 with a maximum permissible mass not exceeding 7,5 tonnes and M 3 Class I, Class II and Class A and Class B as defined in Annex I to Directive 2001/85/EC with a permissible mass not exceeding 7,5 tonnes, compliance with the requirements of Annex XI to Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 according to OBD standard Euro 6 as defined in Appendix 6 to Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 shall be considered equivalent to the compliance with this Annex. If such alternative approval is used, the information related to OBD systems in Sections 3.2.12.2.7.1 to 3.2.12.2.7.4 of Part 2 of Appendix 4 to Annex I is replaced by the information of Section 3.2.12.2.7 of Appendix 3 to Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 692/2008. Selective application of the provisions of this Annex and of the provisions of Annex XVI to Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 shall not be permitted except to the extent explicitly set out in Section 2.4.1. 2.4.2. Small series production As an alternative to the requirements set out in Section 4 of Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 and those described in this Annex, engine manufacturers whose world-wide annual production of engines within an engine type subject to this Regulation is less than 500 engines per year, may obtain EC type-approval on the basis of the other requirements of this Regulation when the emission control components of the engine system are at least monitored for circuit continuity, and for rationality and plausibility of sensor outputs, and when the aftertreatment system is at least monitored for total functional failure. Engine manufacturers whose world-wide annual production of engines within an engine type subject to this Regulation is less than 50 engines per year, may obtain EC type-approval on the basis of the requirements of this Regulation when the emission control components of the engine system are at least monitored for circuit continuity, and for rationality and plausibility of sensor outputs (component monitoring). 2.4.3. A manufacturer shall not be permitted to use the alternative provisions specified in Section 2.4.1 for more than 500 engines per year. 2.4.4. The approval authority shall inform the Commission of the circumstances of each type-approval granted under Sections 2.4.1 and 2.4.2. 2.5. Conformity of production The OBD system is subject to the requirements for conformity of production specified in Directive 2007/46/EC. If the approval authority decides that verification of the conformity of production of the OBD system is required, the verification shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements specified in Annex I to this Regulation. 3. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 3.1. The performance requirements shall be those set out in Section 5 of Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49. 3.2. OBD threshold limits 3.2.1. The OBD threshold limits (hereinafter ‘OTLs’) applicable to the OBD system are those specified in the rows ‘general requirements’ of Table 1 for compression-ignition engines and of Table 2 for gas-fuelled engines and positive-ignition engines fitted to vehicles belonging to category M 3 , to N 2 vehicles having a maximum permissible mass exceeding 7,5 tonnes, and to N 3 vehicles. 3.2.2. Until the end of the phase-in period set out in Article 4(7), the OBD threshold limits specified in rows ‘phase-in period’ of Table 1 for compression-ignition engines and of Table 2 for gas fuelled engines and positive-ignition engines fitted to vehicles belonging to category M 3 , to N 2 vehicles having a maximum permissible mass exceeding 7,5 tonnes and, to N 3 vehicles shall apply. Table 1 OTLs (Compression-ignition engines) Limit in mg/kWh NO x PM Mass Phase-in period 1 500 25 General requirements 1 200 25 Table 2 OTLs (all gas fuelled engines and positive-ignition engines fitted to vehicles belonging to category M 3 , to N 2 vehicles having a maximum permissible mass exceeding 7,5 tonnes, and to N 3 vehicles) Limit in mg/kWh NO x CO ( 2 ) phase-in period 1 500 general requirements 1 200 4. DEMONSTRATION REQUIREMENTS 4.1. The demonstration requirements shall be those set out in Section 6 of Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 and those described in Section 4 of this Annex. 4.2. In addition to the point 4.1 the manufacturer may use the requirements as set out in Appendix 2 to demonstrate the performance monitoring. Approval authorities may approve a manufacturer’s use of a type of performance monitoring technique other than the one referred to in Appendix 2. The chosen type of monitoring shall be demonstrated by the manufacturer by a robust technical case based upon the design characteristics, or by presentation of test results, or by reference to previous approvals, or by some other acceptable method, to be at least as robust, timely and efficient as the ones mentioned in Appendix 2. 5. DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS 5.1. The documentation requirements shall be those set out in Section 8 of Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49. 6. IN USE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS The requirements of this Section shall apply to the OBD system monitors in accordance with the provisions of Annex 9C to UN/ECE Regulation No 49. 6.1. Technical requirements 6.1.1. The technical requirements for assessing the in-use performance of OBD systems including requirements concerning communication protocols, numerators, denominators and their increment shall be those set out in Annex 9C to UN/ECE Regulation No 49. 6.1.2. In particular, the in-use performance ratio (IUPR m ) of a specific monitor m of the OBD system shall be calculated by the following formula: IUPR m = Numerator m / Denominator m where: ‘Numerator m ’ means the numerator of a specific monitor m and is a counter indicating the number of times a vehicle has been operated in such a way that all monitoring conditions necessary for that specific monitor to detect a malfunction have been encountered; and ‘Denominator m ’ means the denominator of a specific monitor m and is a counter indicating the number of vehicle driving cycles that are of relevance to that specific monitor (or, ‘in which events occur that are of relevance to that specific monitor’). 6.1.3. The in-use performance ratio (IUPR g ) of a group g of monitors on board a vehicle is calculated by the following formula: IUPR g = Numerator g / Denominator g where: ‘Numerator g ’ means the numerator of a group g of monitors and is the actual value (Numerator m ) of the specific monitor m that has the lowest in-use performance ratio as defined in Section 6.1.2 of all monitors within that group g of monitors on board a particular vehicle; and ‘Denominator g ’ means the denominator of a group g of monitors and is the actual value (Denominator m ) of the specific monitor m that has the lowest in-use performance ratio as defined in Section 6.1.2 of all monitors within that group g of monitors on board a particular vehicle. 6.2. Minimum in-use performance ratio 6.2.1. The in-use performance ratio IUPR m of a monitor m of the OBD system as defined in Section 5 of Annex 9C to UN/ECE Regulation No 49, shall be greater than or equal to the minimum in-use-performance ratio IUPR m (min) applicable to the monitor m throughout the useful life of the engine as specified in Article 4 of Regulation (EC) No 595/2009. 6.2.2. The value of minimum in-use-performance ratio IUPR(min) is 0,1 for all monitors. 6.2.3. The requirement of Section 6.2.1 is deemed to be fulfilled if for all groups of monitors g the following conditions are met: 6.2.3.1. The average value of the values IUPR g of all vehicles equipped with engines belonging to the OBD engine family under consideration is equal to or above IUPR(min), and 6.2.3.2. more than 50 % of all engines considered in Section 6.2.3.1 have an IUPR g equal to or above IUPR(min). 6.3. Documentation requirements 6.3.1. The documentation associated with each monitored component or system and required by Section 8 of Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 shall include the following information concerning in-use performance data: (a) the criteria used for incrementing the numerator and the denominator; (b) any criterion for disabling incrementation of the numerator or of the denominator. 6.3.1.1. Any criterion for disabling incrementation of the general denominator shall be added to the documentation referred to in Section 6.3.1. 6.4. Statement of OBD in-use Performance compliance 6.4.1. In the application for type-approval, the manufacturer shall provide a statement of OBD in-use Performance compliance in accordance with the model set out in Appendix 6. In addition to this statement, compliance with the requirements of Section 6.1 shall be verified through the additional assessment rules specified in Section 6.5. 6.4.2. This statement referred to in point 6.4.1 shall be attached to the documentation related to the OBD engine family required by points 5 and 6.3 of this Annex. 6.4.3. The manufacturer shall maintain records which contain all test data, engineering and manufacturing analyses, and other information which provides the basis for the OBD in-use performance compliance statement. The manufacturer shall make such information available to the approval authority upon request. 6.4.4. During the phase-in period set out in Article 4(7), the manufacturer shall be exempted from providing the statement required by Section 6.4.1. 6.5. Assessment of the in-use performance 6.5.1. The OBD in-use performance and compliance with Section 6.2.3 of this Annex shall be demonstrated at least according to the procedure set out in Appendix 4 to this Annex. 6.5.2. National authorities and their delegates may pursue further tests to verify compliance with Section 6.2.3 of this Annex. 6.5.2.1. To demonstrate non-compliance with the requirements of Section 6.2.3 of this Annex, based on the provision of Section 6.5.2 of this Annex, the authorities must show for at least one of the requirements of Section 6.2.3 of this Annex non-compliance with a statistical confidence level of 95 %, based on a sample of at least 30 vehicles. 6.5.2.2. The manufacturer shall have the opportunity to establish compliance with the requirements of Section 6.2.3 of this Annex, for which non-compliance was demonstrated according to Section 6.5.2.1 of this Annex, by using a test based on a sample of at least 30 vehicles, with a better statistical confidence than the test mentioned in 6.5.2.1. 6.5.2.3. For tests performed according to Sections 6.5.2.1 and 6.5.2.2 both authorities and manufacturers must disclose relevant details, such as those relating to the selection of the vehicles, to the other party. 6.5.3. If non-compliance with the requirements of Section 6.2.3 of this Annex is established according to Sections 6.5.1 or 6.5.2 of this Annex, remedial measures in accordance with Article 13 shall be taken. 6.5.4. The reference to driving cycle in Annex 9C to UN/ECE Regulation No 49 shall be read as reference to Driving cycle as defined in Article 2 point 36 of this Regulation. 6.5.5. During the phase-in period set out in Article 4(7) the assessment of the in-use performance of OBD systems shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions set out in Appendix 5. 6.5.5.1. During the phase-in period set out in Article 4(7) compliance of the OBD systems with the requirements of Section 6.2.3 of this Annex is not mandatory. ( 1 ) The failure classification rules are specified in Annex 9B to UN/ECE Regulation No 49. ( 2 ) The OTL for CO shall be set at a later stage.