SEC. 117. A deviation is proper:
(a) When caused by circumstances over which neither the master nor the owner of the ship has any control;
(b) When necessary to comply with a warranty, or to avoid a peril whether insured against or not;
(c) When made in good faith, and upon reasonable grounds of belief in its necessity to avoid a peril; or
(d) When made in good faith, for the purpose of saving human life, or relieving another vessel in distress.
Compiled from an official source version. Later amendments or repeals may not be reflected; the official text prevails. · Read the official text ↗ · Data as of July 4, 2026
CitationAct No. 2427 Section 117 (LawPlayer, data as of July 4, 2026)
Source: Supreme Court E-Library, Republic of the Philippines. Philippine laws are public documents (works of the government).
