This Regulation complements the legal framework for the type-approval of motor vehicles and engines with regard to emissions established by Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 by laying down the rules for issuing licences to operate a simulation tool with a view to determining CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption of new vehicles to be sold, registered or put into service in the Union and for operating that simulation tool and declaring the CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption values thus determined.
1.
Subject to Article 4, second paragraph, this Regulation shall apply to medium lorries, heavy lorries and heavy buses.
2.
In the case of multi-stage type-approvals or individual approvals of medium and heavy lorries, this Regulation shall apply to base lorries.
In the case of heavy buses, this Regulation shall apply to primary vehicles, interim vehicles and to complete vehicles or completed vehicles.
3.
This Regulation shall not apply to off-road vehicles, special purpose vehicles and off-road special purpose vehicles as defined, respectively, in Part A, points 2.1., 2.2. and 2.3., of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council (
1
).
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)
‘CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties’ means specific properties derived for a component, separate technical unit and system which determine the impact of the part on the CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption of a vehicle;
(2)
‘input data’ means information on the CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties of a component, separate technical unit or system which is used by the simulation tool for the purpose of determining CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption of a vehicle;
(3)
‘input information’ means information relating to the characteristics of a vehicle which is used by the simulation tool for the purposes of determining their CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption of the vehicle and which is not part of an input data;
(4)
‘manufacturer’ means the person or body who is responsible to the approval authority for all aspects of the certification process and for ensuring conformity of CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties of components, separate technical units and systems. It is not essential that the person or body be directly involved in all stages of the construction of the component, separate technical unit or system which is the subject of the certification.
(4a)
‘vehicle manufacturer’ means a body or person responsible for issuing the manufacturer's records file and the customer information file pursuant to Article 9;
(5)
‘authorised entity’ means a national authority authorised by a Member State to request relevant information from the manufacturers and vehicle manufacturers on the CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties of a specific component, specific separate technical unit or specific system and CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption of new vehicles respectively.
(6)
‘transmission’ means a device consisting of at least of two shiftable gears, changing torque and speed with defined ratios;
(7)
‘torque converter’ means a hydrodynamic start-up component either as a separate component of the driveline or transmission with serial or parallel power flow that adapts speed between engine and wheel and provides torque multiplication;
(8)
‘other torque transferring component’ or ‘OTTC’ means a rotating component attached to the driveline which produces torque losses dependent on its own rotational speed;
(9)
‘additional driveline component’ or ‘ADC’ means a rotating component of the driveline which transfers or distributes power to other driveline components and produces torque losses dependant on its own rotational speed;
(10)
‘axle’ means a component comprising all rotating parts of the driveline which transfer the driving torque coming from the prop shaft to the wheels and changes the torque and speed with a fixed ratio and including the functions of a differential gear;
(11)
‘air drag’ means characteristic of a vehicle configuration regarding aerodynamic force acting on the vehicle in the direction of air flow and determined as a product of the drag coefficient and the cross sectional area for zero crosswind conditions;
(12)
‘auxiliaries’ means vehicle components including an engine fan, steering system, electric system, pneumatic system and Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system whose CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption properties have been defined in Annex IX;
(13)
‘component family’, ‘separate technical unit family’ or ‘system family’ means a manufacturer's grouping of components, separate technical units or systems, respectively, which through their design have similar CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties;
(14)
‘parent component’, ‘parent separate technical unit’ or ‘parent system’ means a component, separate technical unit or system, respectively, selected from a component, separate technical unit or system family, respectively, in such a way that its CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption related properties will be the worst case for that component family, separate technical unit family or system family;
(15)
‘zero emission heavy-duty vehicle’ (Ze-HDV) means ‘zero emission heavy-duty vehicle’ as defined in Article 3, point (11), of Regulation (EU) 2019/1242 of the European Parliament and of the Council;
(16)
‘vocational vehicle’ means a heavy-duty vehicle not intended for the delivery of goods and for which one of the following digits is used to supplement the bodywork codes, as listed in Appendix 2 to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2018/858: 09, 10, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31; or a tractor with a maximum speed not exceeding 79 km/h;
(17)
‘rigid lorry’ means a ‘lorry’ as defined in Part C, point 4.1, of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2018/858, except for the lorries designed or constructed for the towing of a semi-trailer;
(18)
‘tractor’ means a ‘tractor unit for semi-trailer’ as defined in Part C, point 4.3, of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2018/858
(19)
‘sleeper cab’ means a type of cabin that has a compartment behind the driver's seat intended to be used for sleeping;
(20)
‘hybrid electric heavy-duty vehicle’ (He-HDV) means a hybrid heavy duty vehicle that, for the purpose of mechanical propulsion, draws energy from both of the following on-vehicle sources of stored energy or power: (i) a consumable fuel, and (ii) an electrical energy or power storage device;
(21)
‘dual-fuel vehicle’ is as defined in Article 2(48) of Regulation (EU) No 582/2011;
(22)
‘primary vehicle’ means a heavy bus in a virtual assembly condition determined for simulation purposes, for which the input data and input information as set out in Annex III is used;
(23)
‘manufacturer’s records file’ means a file produced by the simulation tool which contains manufacturer related information, a documentation of the input data and input information to the simulation tool and the results for CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption;
(24)
‘customer information file’ means a file produced by the simulation tool which contains a defined set of vehicle related information and the results for CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption as defined in Part II of Annex IV;
(25)
‘vehicle information file’ (VIF) means a file produced by the simulation tool for heavy buses to transfer the relevant input data, input information and simulation results to subsequent manufacturing stages following the method as described in point (2) of Annex I;
(26)
‘medium lorry’ means a vehicle of category N 2 , as defined in Article 4(1), point (b)(ii), of Regulation (EU) 2018/858, with a technically permissible maximum laden mass exceeding 5 000 kg and not exceeding 7 400 kg;
(27)
‘heavy lorry’ means a vehicle of category N 2 , as defined in Article 4(1), point (b)(ii), of Regulation (EU) 2018/858, with a technically permissible maximum laden mass exceeding 7 400 kg and a vehicle of category N 3 , as defined in Article 4(1), point (b)(iii), of that Regulation;
(28)
‘heavy bus’ means a vehicle of category M 3 , as defined in Article 4(1), point (a)(iii), of Regulation (EU) 2018/858, with a technically permissible maximum laden mass of more than 7 500 kg;
(29)
‘primary vehicle manufacturer’ means a manufacturer responsible for the primary vehicle;
(30)
‘interim vehicle’ means any further completion of a primary vehicle where a sub-set of input data and input information as defined for the complete or completed vehicle in accordance with Table 1 and Table 3a of Annex III is added and/or modified;
(31)
‘interim manufacturer’ means a manufacturer responsible for an interim vehicle;
(32)
‘incomplete vehicle’ means ‘incomplete vehicle’ as defined in Article 3, point (25), of Regulation (EU) 2018/858;
(33)
‘completed vehicle’ means ‘completed vehicle’ as defined in Article 3, point (26), of Regulation (EU) 2018/858;
(34)
‘complete vehicle’ means ‘complete vehicle’ as defined in Article 3, point (27), of Regulation (EU) 2018/858;
(35)
‘standard value’ is input data for the simulation tool for a component where certification of input data is applicable, but the component has not been tested to determine a specific value and which reflects the worst-case performance of a component;
(36)
‘generic value’ is data used in the simulation tool for components or vehicle parameters where no component testing or declaration of specific values is foreseen and which reflects performance of average component technology or typical vehicle specifications;
(37)
‘van’ means a ‘van’ as defined in Part C, point 4.2, of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2018/858;
(38)
‘application case’ means the different scenarios to be followed in the case of a medium lorry, heavy lorry, heavy bus that is a primary vehicle, heavy bus that is an interim vehicle, heavy bus that is a complete vehicle or completed vehicle for which different manufacturer provisions and functions are applicable in the simulation tool;
(39)
‘base lorry’ means a medium lorry or heavy lorry equipped at least with:
—
a chassis, engine, transmission, axles and tyres, in the case of pure internal combustion engine vehicles;
—
a chassis, electric machine system and/or integrated electric powertrain component, battery system(s) and/or capacitor system(s) and tyres, in the case of pure electric vehicles;
—
a chassis, engine, electric machine system and/or integrated electric powertrain component and/or integrated hybrid electric vehicle powertrain component type 1, battery system(s) and/or capacitor system(s) and tyres, in the case of hybrid electric heavy-duty vehicles.
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For the purpose of this Regulation, motor vehicles shall be classified in vehicle groups in accordance with Annex I, Tables 1 to 6.
Articles 5 to 23 do not apply to heavy lorries of vehicle groups 6, 7, 8, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18 and 19 as set out in Table 1 of Annex I, and to medium lorries of vehicle groups 51, 52, 55 and 56, as set out in Table 2 of Annex I and to any vehicle with a driven front axle in the vehicle groups 11, 12 and 16 as set out in Table 1 of Annex I.
1.
The Commission shall provide free of charge the following electronic tools in the form of downloadable and executable software:
(a)
a simulation tool;
(b)
pre-processing tools;
(c)
a hashing tool.
The Commission shall maintain the electronic tools and provide modifications and updates to those tools.
2.
The Commission shall make the electronic tools referred to in paragraph 1 available through a publicly available dedicated electronic distribution platform.
3.
The simulation tool shall be used for the purposes of determining CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption of new vehicles. The simulation tool shall be designed to operate on the basis of input information as specified in Annex III, as well as input data referred to in Article 12(1).
4.
The pre-processing tools shall be used for the purpose of verification and compilation of the testing results and performing additional calculations relating to CO 2 emission and fuel consumption related properties of certain components, separate technical units or systems and converting them in a format used by the simulation tool. The pre-processing tools shall be used by the manufacturer after performing the tests referred to in point 4 of Annex V for engines and in point 3 of Annex VIII for air-drag.
5.
The hashing tools shall be used for establishing an unequivocal association between the certified CO 2 emission and fuel consumption related properties of a component, separate technical unit or system and its certification document, as well as for establishing an unequivocal association between a vehicle and its manufacturer’s records file, vehicle information file and customer information file as referred to in Annex IV.
