ANNEX IXSupplementary provisions
ANNEX IX SPECIFICATIONS OF REFERENCE FUELS A. REFERENCE FUELS 1. Technical data on fuels for testing vehicles with positive-ignition engines Type: Petrol (E10): Parameter Unit Limits ( 1 ) Test method Minimum Maximum Research octane number, RON ( 2 ) 95,0 98,0 EN ISO 5164 Motor octane number, MON ( 3 ) 85,0 89,0 EN ISO 5163 Density at 15 C kg/m 3 743,0 756,0 EN ISO 12185 Vapour pressure (DVPE) kPa 56,0 60,0 EN 13016-1 Water content % v/v 0,05 EN 12937 Appearance at – 7 C Clear and bright Distillation: — evaporated at 70 C % v/v 34,0 46,0 EN ISO 3405 — evaporated at 100 C % v/v 54,0 62,0 EN ISO 3405 — evaporated at 150 C % v/v 86,0 94,0 EN ISO 3405 — final boiling point °C 170 195 EN ISO 3405 Residue % v/v — 2,0 EN ISO 3405 Hydrocarbon analysis: — olefins % v/v 6,0 13,0 EN 22854 — aromatics % v/v 25,0 32,0 EN 22854 — benzene % v/v — 1,00 EN 22854 EN 238 — saturates % v/v report EN 22854 Carbon/hydrogen ratio report Carbon/oxygen ratio report Induction Period ( 4 ) minutes 480 — EN ISO 7536 Oxygen content ( 5 ) % m/m 3,3 3,7 EN 22854 Solvent washed gum (Existent gum content) mg/100 ml — 4 EN ISO 6246 Sulphur content ( 6 ) mg/kg — 10 EN ISO 20846 EN ISO 20884 Copper corrosion 3 hrs, 50 C — class 1 EN ISO 2160 Lead content mg/l — 5 EN 237 Phosphorus content ( 7 ) mg/l — 1,3 ASTM D 3231 Ethanol ( 8 ) % v/v 9,0 10,0 EN 22854 ( 2 ) Equivalent EN/ISO methods will be adopted when issued for properties listed above. Type: Ethanol (E85) Parameter Unit Limits ( 9 ) Test method ( 10 ) Minimum Maximum Research octane number, RON 95 — EN ISO 5164 Motor octane number, MON 85 — EN ISO 5163 Density at 15 C kg/m 3 Report ISO 3675 Vapour pressure kPa 40 60 EN ISO 13016-1 (DVPE) Sulphur content ( 11 ) ( 12 ) mg/kg — 10 EN ISO 20846 EN ISO 20884 Oxidation stability minutes 360 EN ISO 7536 Existent gum content (solvent washed) mg/100ml — 5 EN-ISO 6246 Appearance This shall be determined at ambient temperature or 15 C whichever is higher. Clear and bright, visibly free of suspended or precipitated contaminants Visual inspection Ethanol and higher alcohols ( 13 ) % (V/V) 83 85 EN 1601 EN 13132 EN 14517 Higher alcohols (C 3 -C 8 ) % (V/V) — 2 Methanol % (V/V) 0,5 Petrol ( 14 ) % (V/V) Balance EN 228 Phosphorus mg/l 0,3 ( 15 ) ASTM D 3231 Water content % (V/V) 0,3 ASTM E 1064 Inorganic chloride content mg/l 1 ISO 6227 pHe 6,5 9 ASTM D 6423 Copper strip corrosion (3h at 50 C) Rating Class 1 EN ISO 2160 Acidity, (as acetic acid CH 3 COOH) % (m/m) — 0,005 ASTM D 1613 (mg/l) — 40 Carbon/hydrogen ratio report Carbon/oxygen ration report Type: LPG Parameter Unit Fuel A Fuel B Test method Composition: ISO 7941 C 3 -content % vol 30 ± 2 85 ± 2 C 4 -content % vol Balance Balance < C 3 , > C 4 % vol Maximum 2 Maximum 2 Olefins % vol Maximum 12 Maximum 15 Evaporation residue mg/kg Maximum 50 Maximum 50 prEN 15470 Water at 0 C Free Free prEN 15469 Total sulphur content mg/kg Maximum 10 Maximum 10 ASTM 6667 Hydrogen sulphide None None ISO 8819 Copper strip corrosion Rating Class 1 Class 1 ISO 6251 ( 16 ) Odour Characteristic Characteristic Motor octane number Minimum 89 Minimum 89 EN 589 Annex B Type: NG/Biomethane Characteristics Units Basis Limits Test method minimum maximum Reference fuel G20 Composition: Methane % mole 100 99 100 ISO 6974 Balance ( 17 ) % mole — — 1 ISO 6974 N 2 % mole ISO 6974 Sulphur content mg/m 3 ( 18 ) — — 10 ISO 6326-5 Wobbe Index (net) MJ/m 3 ( 19 ) 48,2 47,2 49,2 Reference fuel G25 Composition: Methane % mole 86 84 88 ISO 6974 Balance ( 20 ) % mole — — 1 ISO 6974 N 2 % mole 14 12 16 ISO 6974 Sulphur content mg/m 3 ( 21 ) — — 10 ISO 6326-5 Wobbe Index (net) MJ/m 3 ( 22 ) 39,4 38,2 40,6 Type: Hydrogen for internal combustion engines Characteristics Units Limits Test method minimum maximum Hydrogen purity % mole 98 100 ISO 14687-1 Total hydrocarbon μmol/mol 0 100 ISO 14687-1 Water ( 23 ) μmol/mol 0 ( 24 ) ISO 14687-1 Oxygen μmol/mol 0 ( 25 ) ISO 14687-1 Argon μmol/mol 0 ( 26 ) ISO 14687-1 Nitrogen μmol/mol 0 ( 27 ) ISO 14687-1 CO μmol/mol 0 1 ISO 14687-1 Sulphur μmol/mol 0 2 ISO 14687-1 Permanent particulates ( 28 ) ISO 14687-1 2. Technical data on fuels for testing vehicles with compression ignition engines Type: Diesel (B7): Parameter Unit Limits ( 29 ) Test method Minimum Maximum Cetane Index 46,0 EN ISO 4264 Cetane number ( 30 ) 52,0 56,0 EN ISO 5165 Density at 15 C kg/m 3 833,0 837,0 EN ISO 12185 Distillation: — 50 % point °C 245,0 — EN ISO 3405 — 95 % point °C 345,0 360,0 EN ISO 3405 — final boiling point °C — 370,0 EN ISO 3405 Flash point °C 55 — EN ISO 2719 Cloud point °C — – 10 EN 23015 Viscosity at 40 C mm 2 /s 2,30 3,30 EN ISO 3104 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons % m/m 2,0 4,0 EN 12916 Sulphur content mg/kg — 10,0 EN ISO 20846 EN ISO 20884 Copper corrosion 3 hrs, 50 C — Class 1 EN ISO 2160 Conradson carbon residue (10 % DR) % m/m — 0,20 EN ISO 10370 Ash content % m/m — 0,010 EN ISO 6245 Total contamination mg/kg — 24 EN 12662 Water content mg/kg — 200 EN ISO 12937 Acid number mg KOH/g — 0,10 EN ISO 6618 Lubricity (HFRR wear scan diameter at 60 C) μm — 400 EN ISO 12156 Oxidation stability at 110 C ( 31 ) h 20,0 EN 15751 FAME ( 32 ) % v/v 6,0 7,0 EN 14078 3. Technical data on fuels for testing fuel cell vehicles Type: Hydrogen for fuel cell vehicles Characteristics Units Limits Test method minimum maximum Hydrogen fuel ( 33 ) % mole 99,99 100 ISO 14687-2 Total gases ( 34 ) μmol/mol 0 100 Total hydrocarbon μmol/mol 0 2 ISO 14687-2 Water μmol/mol 0 5 ISO 14687-2 Oxygen μmol/mol 0 5 ISO 14687-2 Helium (He), Nitrogen (N 2 ), Argon (Ar) μmol/mol 0 100 ISO 14687-2 CO 2 μmol/mol 0 2 ISO 14687-2 CO μmol/mol 0 0,2 ISO 14687-2 Total sulphur compounds μmol/mol 0 0,004 ISO 14687-2 Formaldehyde (HCHO) μmol/mol 0 0,01 ISO 14687-2 Formic acid (HCOOH) μmol/mol 0 0,2 ISO 14687-2 Ammonia (NH 3 ) μmol/mol 0 0,1 ISO 14687-2 Total halogenated compounds μmol/mol 0 0,05 ISO 14687-2 Particulates size μm 0 10 ISO 14687-2 Particulates concentration μg/l 0 1 ISO 14687-2 B. REFERENCE FUELS FOR TESTING EMISSIONS AT LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURES — TYPE 6 TEST Type: Petrol (E10): Parameter Unit Limits ( 35 ) Test method Minimum Maximum Research octane number, RON ( 36 ) 95,0 98,0 EN ISO 5164 Motor octane number, MON ( 37 ) 85,0 89,0 EN ISO 5163 Density at 15 C kg/m 3 743,0 756,0 EN ISO 12185 Vapour pressure (DVPE) kPa 56,0 95,0 EN 13016-1 Water content max 0,05 % v/v Appearance at – 7 C: clear and bright EN 12937 Distillation: — evaporated at 70 C % v/v 34,0 46,0 EN ISO 3405 — evaporated at 100 C % v/v 54,0 62,0 EN ISO 3405 — evaporated at 150 C % v/v 86,0 94,0 EN ISO 3405 — final boiling point °C 170 195 EN ISO 3405 Residue % v/v — 2,0 EN ISO 3405 Hydrocarbon analysis: — olefins % v/v 6,0 13,0 EN 22854 — aromatics % v/v 25,0 32,0 EN 22854 — benzene % v/v — 1,00 EN 22854 EN 238 — saturates % v/v report EN 22854 Carbon/hydrogen ratio report Carbon/oxygen ratio report Induction Period ( 38 ) minutes 480 — EN ISO 7536 Oxygen content ( 39 ) % m/m 3,3 3,7 EN 22854 Solvent washed gum (Existent gum content) mg/100 ml — 4 EN ISO 6246 Sulphur content ( 40 ) mg/kg — 10 EN ISO 20846 EN ISO 20884 Copper corrosion 3 hrs, 50 C — class 1 EN ISO 2160 Lead content mg/l — 5 EN 237 Phosphorus content ( 41 ) mg/l — 1,3 ASTM D 3231 Ethanol ( 42 ) % v/v 9,0 10,0 EN 22854 ( 2 ) Equivalent EN/ISO methods will be adopted when issued for properties listed above. Type: Ethanol (E75) Parameter Unit Limits ( 43 ) Test method ( 44 ) Minimum Maximum Research octane number, RON 95 — EN ISO 5164 Motor octane number, MON 85 — EN ISO 5163 Density at 15 C kg/m 3 report EN ISO 12185 Vapour pressure kPa 50 60 EN ISO 13016-1 (DVPE) Sulphur content ( 45 ) ( 46 ) mg/kg — 10 EN ISO 20846 EN ISO 20884 Oxidation stability minutes 360 — EN ISO 7536 Existent gum content (solvent washed) mg/100ml — 4 EN ISO 6246 Appearance shall be determined at ambient temperature or 15 C whichever is higher Clear and bright, visibly free of suspended or precipitated contaminants Visual inspection Ethanol and higher alcohols ( 47 ) % (V/V) 70 80 EN 1601 EN 13132 EN 14517 Higher alcohols (C 3 – C 8 ) % (V/V) — 2 Methanol — 0,5 Petrol ( 48 ) % (V/V) Balance EN 228 Phosphorus mg/l 0,30 ( 49 ) EN 15487 ASTM D 3231 Water content % (V/V) — 0,3 ASTM E 1064 EN 15489 Inorganic chloride content mg/l — 1 ISO 6227 — EN 15492 pHe 6,50 9 ASTM D 6423 EN 15490 Copper strip corrosion (3h at 50 C) Rating Class 1 EN ISO 2160 Acidity (as acetic acid CH 3 COOH) % (m/m) 0,005 ASTM D1613 EN 15491 mg/l 40 Carbon/hydrogen ration report Carbon/oxygen ration report ( 1 ) The values quoted in the specifications are ‘true values’. In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259 Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied. ( 2 ) A correction factor of 0,2 for MON and RON shall be subtracted for the calculation of the final result in accordance with EN 228:2008. ( 3 ) A correction factor of 0,2 for MON and RON shall be subtracted for the calculation of the final result in accordance with EN 228:2008. ( 4 ) The fuel may contain oxidation inhibitors and metal deactivators normally used to stabilise refinery gasoline streams, but detergent/dispersive additives and solvent oils shall not be added. ( 5 ) Ethanol is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to the reference fuel. The Ethanol used shall conform to EN 15376. ( 6 ) The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the Type 1 test shall be reported. ( 7 ) There shall be no intentional addition of compounds containing phosphorus, iron, manganese, or lead to this reference fuel. ( 8 ) Ethanol is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to the reference fuel. The Ethanol used shall conform to EN 15376. ( 9 ) The values quoted in the specifications are ‘true values’. In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259 Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied. ( 10 ) In cases of dispute, the procedures for resolving the dispute and interpretation of the results based on test method precision, described in EN ISO 4259 shall be used. ( 11 ) In cases of national dispute concerning sulphur content, either EN ISO 20846 or EN ISO 20884 shall be called up similar to the reference in the national annex of EN 228. ( 12 ) The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the Type 1 test shall be reported. ( 13 ) Ethanol to meet specification of EN 15376 is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to this reference fuel. ( 14 ) The unleaded petrol content can be determined as 100 minus the sum of the percentage content of water and alcohols ( 15 ) There shall be no intentional addition of compounds containing phosphorus, iron, manganese, or lead to this reference fuel. ( 16 ) This method may not accurately determine the presence of corrosive materials if the sample contains corrosion inhibitors or other chemicals which diminish the corrosivity of the sample to the copper strip. Therefore, the addition of such compounds for the sole purpose of biasing the test method is prohibited. ( 17 ) Inerts (different from N 2 ) + C 2 + C 2+ . ( 18 ) Value to be determined at 293,2 K (20 C) and 101,3 kPa. ( 19 ) Value to be determined at 273,2 K (0 C) and 101,3 kPa. ( 20 ) Inerts (different from N 2 ) + C 2 ; + C 2+ . ( 21 ) Value to be determined at 293,2 K (20 C) and 101,3 kPa. ( 22 ) Value to be determined at 273,2 K (0 C) and 101,3 kPa. ( 23 ) Not to be condensed. ( 24 ) Combined water, oxygen, nitrogen and argon: 1,900 μmol/mol. ( 25 ) Combined water, oxygen, nitrogen and argon: 1,900 μmol/mol. ( 26 ) Combined water, oxygen, nitrogen and argon: 1,900 μmol/mol. ( 27 ) Combined water, oxygen, nitrogen and argon: 1,900 μmol/mol. ( 28 ) The hydrogen shall not contain dust, sand, dirt, gums, oils, or other substances in an amount sufficient to damage the fuelling station equipment or the vehicle (engine) being fuelled. ( 29 ) The values quoted in the specifications are ‘true values’. In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259 Petroleum products – Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied. ( 30 ) The range for cetane number is not in accordance with the requirements of a minimum range of 4R. However, in the case of a dispute between fuel supplier and fuel user, the terms of ISO 4259 may be used to resolve such disputes provided replicate measurements, of sufficient number to archive the necessary precision, are made in preference to single determinations. ( 31 ) Even though oxidation stability is controlled, it is likely that shelf life will be limited. Advice shall be sought from the supplier as to storage conditions and life. ( 32 ) FAME content to meet the specification of EN 14214. ( 33 ) The hydrogen fuel index is determined by subtracting the total content of non-hydrogen gaseous constituents listed in the table (Total gases), expressed in mole percent, from 100 mole percent. It is less than the sum of the maximum allowable limits of all non-hydrogen constituents shown in the Table. ( 34 ) The value of total gases is summation of the values of the non-hydrogen constituents listed in the table, except the particulates. ( 35 ) The values quoted in the specifications are ‘true values’. In establishment of their limit values the terms of ISO 4259 Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test have been applied and in fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for technical reasons, the manufacturer of fuels shall nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and at the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ISO 4259 shall be applied. ( 36 ) A correction factor of 0,2 for MON and RON shall be subtracted for the calculation of the final result in accordance with EN 228:2008. ( 37 ) A correction factor of 0,2 for MON and RON shall be subtracted for the calculation of the final result in accordance with EN 228:2008. ( 38 ) The fuel may contain oxidation inhibitors and metal deactivators normally used to stabilise refinery gasoline streams, but detergent/dispersive additives and solvent oils shall not be added. ( 39 ) Ethanol is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to the reference fuel. The ethanol used shall conform to EN 15376. ( 40 ) The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the Type 6 test shall be reported. ( 41 ) There shall be no intentional addition of compounds containing phosphorus, iron, manganese, or lead to this reference fuel. ( 42 ) Ethanol is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to the reference fuel. The ethanol used shall conform to EN 15376. ( 43 ) The values referred to in the specifications are ‘true values’. When establishing the value limits, the terms of ISO 4259 Petroleum products — Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test were applied. When fixing a minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero was taken into account. When fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference used was 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this procedure, which is necessary for technical reasons, fuel manufacturers shall aim for a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and for the mean value for quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Where it is necessary to clarify whether fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the ISO 4259 terms shall be applied. ( 44 ) In cases of dispute, the procedures for resolving the dispute and interpretation of the results based on test method precision, described in EN ISO 4259 shall be used. ( 45 ) In cases of national dispute concerning sulphur content, either EN ISO 20846 or EN ISO 20884 shall be called up similar to the reference in the national annex of EN 228. ( 46 ) The actual sulphur content of the fuel used for the Type 6 test shall be reported. ( 47 ) Ethanol to meet specification of EN 15376 is the only oxygenate that shall be intentionally added to this reference fuel. ( 48 ) The unleaded petrol content may be determined as 100 minus the sum of the percentage content of water and alcohols. ( 49 ) There shall be no intentional addition of compounds containing phosphorus, iron, manganese, or lead to this reference fuel.