Directive (EU) 2019/2034 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 November 2019 on the prudential supervision of investment firms and amending Directives 2002/87/EC, 2009/65/EC, 2011/61/EU, 2013/36/EU, 2014/59/EU and 2014/65/EU (Text with EEA relevance) Section 3 — Supervisory review and evaluation process

Article 36–Article 37・2 provisions

Supervisory review and evaluation

Article 36

1. Competent authorities shall review, to the extent relevant and necessary, taking into account the investment firm’s size, risk profile and business model, the arrangements, strategies, processes and mechanisms implemented by investment firms to comply with this Directive and with Regulation (EU) 2019/2033 and evaluate the following as appropriate and relevant, so as to ensure a sound management and coverage of their risks: (a) the risks referred to in Article 29; (b) the geographical location of an investment firm’s exposures; (c) the business model of the investment firm; (d) the assessment of systemic risk, taking into account the identification and measurement of systemic risk under Article 23 of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 or recommendations of the ESRB; (e) the risks posed to the security of investment firms’ network and information systems to ensure confidentiality, integrity and availability of their processes, data and assets; (f) the exposure of investment firms to the interest rate risk arising from non‐trading book activities; (g) governance arrangements of investment firms and the ability of members of the management body to perform their duties. For the purposes of this paragraph, competent authorities shall duly take into account whether investment firms hold a professional indemnity insurance. 2. Member States shall ensure that competent authorities establish the frequency and intensity of the review and evaluation referred to in paragraph 1, having regard to the size, nature, scale and complexity of the activities of the investment firms concerned and, where relevant, their systemic importance, and taking into account the principle of proportionality. Competent authorities shall decide on a case‐by‐case basis whether and in which form the review and evaluation is to be carried out with regard to investment firms that meet the conditions for qualifying as small and non‐interconnected investment firms set out in Article 12(1) of Regulation (EU) 2019/2033, only where they deem it to be necessary due to the size, nature, scale and complexity of the activities of those investment firms. For the purposes of the first subparagraph, national law governing segregation applicable to client money held shall be considered. 3. When conducting the review and evaluation referred to in point (g) of paragraph 1, competent authorities shall have access to agendas, minutes and supporting documents for meetings of the management body and its committees, and the results of the internal or external evaluation of the performance of the management body. 4. The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 58 to supplement this Directive to ensure that the arrangements, strategies, processes and mechanisms of investment firms ensure a sound management and coverage of their risks. The Commission shall thereby take into account developments in financial markets, and in particular the emergence of new financial products, developments in accounting standards and developments that facilitate the convergence of supervisory practices.

Ongoing review of the permission to use internal models

Article 37

1. Member States shall ensure that competent authorities review on a regular basis, and at least every three years, investment firms’ compliance with the requirements for the permission to use internal models as referred to in Article 22 of Regulation (EU) 2019/2033. Competent authorities shall in particular have regard to changes in an investment firm’s business and to the implementation of those internal models to new products, and review and assess whether the investment firm uses well‐developed and up‐to‐date techniques and practices for those internal models. Competent authorities shall ensure that material deficiencies identified in the coverage of risk by an investment firm’s internal models are rectified, or take steps to mitigate their consequences, including by imposing capital add‐ons or higher multiplication factors. 2. Where, for internal risk‐to‐market models, numerous overshootings as referred to in Article 366 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 indicate that the internal models are not or are no longer accurate, competent authorities shall revoke the permission to use the internal models or impose appropriate measures to ensure that the internal models are improved promptly within a set timeframe. 3. Where an investment firm that has been granted permission to use internal models no longer meets the requirements for applying those internal models, competent authorities shall require the investment firm either to demonstrate that the effect of non‐compliance is immaterial or to present a plan and a deadline to comply with those requirements. Competent authorities shall require improvements to the presented plan where that plan is unlikely to result in full compliance or where the deadline is inappropriate. Where it is unlikely that the investment firm will comply by the prescribed deadline or has not satisfactorily demonstrated that the effect of non‐compliance is immaterial, Member States shall ensure that competent authorities revoke the permission to use internal models or limit it to compliant areas or to those areas where compliance can be achieved by an appropriate deadline. 4. EBA shall analyse internal models across investment firms and shall analyse how investment firms using internal models treat similar risks or exposures. It shall inform ESMA thereof. In order to promote consistent, efficient and effective supervisory practices, EBA shall, on the basis of that analysis and in accordance with Article 16 of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010, develop guidelines with benchmarks on how investment firms are to use internal models and how those internal models are to be applied to similar risks or exposures. Member States shall encourage competent authorities to take into account that analysis and those guidelines for the review referred to in paragraph 1.

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