Part A. Minimum quality requirements for dried plums
I. MINIMUM CHARACTERISTICS
1. Dried plums must be of sound and fair merchantable quality and fit for processing.
2. Dried plums must have a maximum moisture content of 23 %, except for fruit intended for the production of semi-dry prunes, which must have a moisture content of between 30 and 35 %.
3. Dried plums must be of a size corresponding to less than 105 plums per 500 g, except for fruit intended for the production of semi-dry prunes the size of which must correspond to less than 81 plums per 500 g.
4. The fruit must be:
(a) well dried, sound, that is to say, free from mould, rot, insects, whether live or dead, and insect excrement;
(b) fleshy, clean and free from dirt;
(c) free from foreign smell and taste;
(d) practically free from defects and waste.
II. TOLERANCES
The following tolerances are allowed:
1. Dried plums for industrial uses
(a) 0,3 % by weight of waste
(b) 100 % of fruit with slight and/or serious defects
(c) 10 % by weight of fruit with very serious defects
(d) 5 % of fruit of a size corresponding to 105 plums or more per 500 g
2. Other dried plums
(a) 0,2 % by weight of waste
(b) 0,5 % by weight of fruit with very serious defects
(c) 7,5 % by weight of fruit with serious or very serious defects
(d) 15 % by weight of fruit with defects
III. DEFECTS
Defects fall into three categories:
- slight defects, which are minor defects of the skin,
- serious defects, which are mainly serious defects of the skin,
- very serious defects, which are mainly defects where the flesh has been damaged.
The following definitions shall apply:
1. Slight defects
(a) Terminal cracks or fissures
Fissures in the skin more than 10 mm but not more than 15 mm in length at the end opposite the stem cavity.
(b) Small skin perforations
Torn, damaged or missing skin, either over an area equal to or less than 7 mm long but more than 3 mm wide with the flesh not emerging from the lesion or over an area more than 7 mm long but less than 3 mm wide with the flesh remaining visible.
(c) Lesions due to hail, of an aggregate area exceeding 3 mm in diameter
Scars caused by hail of an aggregate area not exceeding 10 mm in diameter.
(d) Grey patches, russeting or scabs, of an aggregate area exceeding 6 mm in diameter
This defect consists of a hard thickening of the skin, making patches of various shapes of an aggregate area not exceeding 20 mm in diameter.
2. Serious defects
(a) Consistency defect
This effect is usually due to insufficient ripening, resulting in defective colouring and soft flesh with a skin characterised by numerous shallow wrinkles.
(b) Cracks due to bursting
Non-terminal cracks due to bursting of the fruit, followed by healing with hard excrescences, over a length exceeding 10 mm.
(c) Terminal cracks
Cracks at the apex exceeding 15 mm in length.
(d) Perforations
Torn, damaged or missing skin over an area larger than indicated for classification as a slight defect.
(e) Partly crushed fruit
Partly crushed fruit, parts of fruit or markedly misshapen fruit with the flesh in evidence.
(f) Lesions due to hail
Lesions due to hail, with scars over an aggregate area exceeding 10 mm in diameter.
(g) Grey patches, russeting or scabs
Thick hard patches over an aggregate area exceeding 20 mm in diameter.
(h) Fissures
Skin fissures more than 15 mm in length opposite the stem cavity or deep fissures revealing the kernel.
(i) Deformation due to sun scorch
Severe deformation due to sun scorch, resulting in the virtual absence of flesh on part of one side of the fruit, with the skin adhering unwrinkled to the kernel.
3. Very serious defects
(a) Caramelised fruit
Fruit caramelised by too much heat, showing very dark colouring of the flesh or gaps between the kernel and flesh.
(b) Monilia-attacked fruit
Fruit with light patches caused by Monilia attack, arrested by drying, with damaged skin.
(c) Soiled fruit
Fruit soiled by the presence of foreign matter (especially earth) which could be removed.
(d) Completely crushed fruit
Completely crushed fruit or parts of fruit.
4. Waste
The term 'waste` is used to mean any material that may not, because of its nature or condition, be offered for human consumption or that, if it remained mixed with the fruit whatever its end-use, might:
- reduce its keeping qualities,
- impair its appearance,
- transmit unacceptable taste, odour or other defects to it.
The following are regarded as 'waste`:
(a) Fruit bearing active mould
Fruit bearing mould which is spreading.
(b) Moniliated-mummified fruit
Individual fruits or fruits which are compacted or welded together, the pulp having been destroyed and mummified by the complete development of Monilia.
(c) Rotten fruit
Fruit whose edibility is impaired or destroyed by micro-organisms (yeasts, moulds, bacteria).
(d) Fruit infested by insects and mites
Fruits infested by live or dead animal pests (insects and mites at any stage in their biological cycle) or by insect excrement.
(e) Fruit encrusted with earth or other soil constituents
(f) Burnt fruit
Fruit burnt by excessive heat, showing gaps between the flesh and kernel, or characteristic swelling giving the shape of fresh plums.
(g) Foreign matter
Individual inedible parts of the fruit, such as stems, kernels and skin fragments, and foreign bodies or matter such as leaves, twigs and other plant matter, soil constituents such as earth or stones.
Part B: Minimum quality requirements for prunes
I. MINIMUM CHARACTERISTICS
1. Prunes must be obtained from dried plums with the characteristics set out in Part A.
2. Prunes must have a maximum moisture content of 23 %, except for semi-dry prunes, which must have a moisture content of between 30 and 35 %.
3. Prunes must be sorted and size-graded unless intended for industrial use.
4. Prunes must be:
- intact, sound, fleshy, clean, free from mould, rot and waste,
- practically free from blemish liable to impair the quality or appearance of the product,
- free from insects, whether live or dead, and insect excrement,
- free from abnormal smell and taste,
- of a size corresponding to less than 105 prunes per 500 g, with the exception of semi-dry prunes, for which the number of fruit must be less than 81 prunes per 500 g.
II. TOLERANCES
1. Prunes for industrial uses
(a) 100 % of fruit with slight and/or serious defects
(b) 10 % by weight of fruit with very serious defects
(c) 5 % of fruit of a size corresponding to 105 prunes or more per 500 g
2. Semi-dry prunes
(a) 0,3 % by weight of fruit with very serious defects
(b) 5 % by weight of fruit with serious or very serious defects
(c) 10 % by weight of fruit with defects
3. Other prunes
(a) 0,5 % by weight of fruit with very serious defects
(b) 7,5 % by weight of fruit with serious or very serious defects
(c) 15 % by weight of fruit with defects
III. DEFECTS
Part A is applicable for determining the seriousness of the defects.
ANNEX II
>TABLE>
For dried plums and prunes intended for industrial uses irrespective of their size, the coefficient to be applied is 0,4000.
