ANNEX II
CONSOLIDATION PRINCIPLES AND DEFINITIONS
PART 1
Consolidation for statistical purposes within the same Member State
1.
For each Member State whose currency is the euro (hereinafter a ‘euro area Member State’), the reporting population consists of resident MFIs included in the list of MFIs for statistical purposes and resident non-MFI credit institutions. These are:
(a)
institutions incorporated and located in that territory, including subsidiaries of parent companies located outside that territory; and
(b)
branches of institutions that have their head office outside that territory.
Reporting agents consolidate for statistical purposes the business of all their domestic offices (registered or head office and/or branches) located in the same Member State. Institutions located in offshore financial centres are treated statistically as residents of the territories in which the centres are located.
2.
Reporting agents report the business of all their non-domestic offices as follows:
(a)
If the reporting agent has branches located within the territory of the other euro area Member States, the reporting agent considers the positions towards all these branches as positions towards residents in the other euro area Member States.
(b)
If the reporting agent has branches located outside the territory of the euro area Member States, the reporting agent considers the positions towards all these branches as positions towards residents of the rest of the world.
(c)
Where a reporting agent is a branch, it considers the positions towards its head office, or towards other branches of the same institution, located within the territory of the other euro area Member States as positions towards residents in the other euro area Member States.
(d)
Where a reporting agent is a branch, it considers the positions towards its head office, or towards other branches of the same institution, located outside the territory of the other euro area Member States as positions towards residents of the rest of the world.
PART 2
Definitions of instrument categories
1.
This table provides a detailed standard description of the instrument categories which national central banks (NCBs) transpose into categories applicable at the national level in accordance with this Regulation. The table does not constitute a list of individual financial instruments and the descriptions are not exhaustive. The definitions refer to the ESA 2010.
2.
Original maturity, i.e. maturity at issue, refers to the fixed period of life of a financial instrument before which it cannot be redeemed, e.g. debt securities, or before which it can be redeemed only with some kind of penalty, e.g. some types of deposits. The notice period corresponds to the time between the moment the holder gives notice of an intention to redeem the instrument and the date on which the holder is allowed to convert it into cash without incurring a penalty. Financial instruments are classified according to the notice period only when there is no agreed maturity.
3.
Financial claims can be distinguished by whether they are negotiable or not. A claim is negotiable if its ownership is readily capable of being transferred from one unit to another by delivery or endorsement or of being offset in the case of financial derivatives. While any financial instrument can be potentially traded, negotiable instruments are designed to be traded on an organised exchange or over-the-counter, although actual trading is not a necessary condition for negotiability.
Table
Instrument categories
ASSET CATEGORIES
Category
Description of main features
1.
Cash
Holdings of euro and foreign banknotes and coins in circulation that are commonly used to make payments
2.
Loans
Holdings of financial assets created when creditors lend funds to debtors, which are not evidenced by documents or are evidenced by non-negotiable documents. This item also includes assets in the form of deposits placed by reporting agents. NCBs may also require the full sector breakdown for this item.
1.
This item includes:
(a)
loans granted to households and non-profit institutions serving households, broken down by:
(i)
credit for consumption (loans granted for the purpose of mainly personal use in the consumption of goods and services). Credit for consumption granted to sole proprietorships/partnerships without legal status is included in this category, if the reporting agent knows that the loan is predominantly used for personal consumption purposes;
(ii)
lending for house purchase (credit extended for the purpose of investing in houses for own use or rental, including building and refurbishments). It comprises loans secured on residential property that are used for the purpose of house purchase and other loans for house purchase made on a personal basis or secured against other forms of assets. Housing loans granted to sole proprietorships/partnerships without legal status are included in this category unless the reporting agent knows that the house is predominantly used for business related purposes, in which case it is reported as ‘other lending of which sole proprietorships/partnerships without legal status’;
(iii)
other (loans granted for purposes other than consumption and house purchase, such as business, debt consolidation, education, etc.). This category may include loans for consumption purposes to sole proprietorships/partnerships without legal status (see Part 3 of Annex II) if these are not reported under the category ‘credit for consumption’;
(b)
credit card debt
For the purpose of this Regulation, this category comprises credit granted to households or non-financial corporations either via delayed debit cards, i.e. cards providing convenience credit as defined below, or via credit cards, i.e. cards providing convenience credit and extended credit. Credit card debt is recorded on dedicated card accounts and therefore not evident on current or overdraft accounts. Convenience credit is defined as the credit granted at an interest rate of 0 % in the period between the payment transactions effectuated with the card during one billing cycle and the date at which the debit balances from this specific billing cycle become due. Extended credit is defined as the credit granted after the due dates of the previous billing cycles have passed, i.e. debit amounts on the card account that have not been settled when this was first possible, for which an interest rate or tiered interest rates usually greater than 0 % are charged. Often minimum instalments per month have to be made, to at least partially repay extended credit.
The counterpart to these forms of credit is the entity liable to eventually repay the amounts outstanding in accordance with the contractual agreement, which coincides with the cardholder in the case of privately used cards, but not in the case of company cards;
(c)
Revolving loans and overdrafts
Revolving loans are loans that have all the following features: (i) the borrower may use or withdraw funds to a pre-approved credit limit without giving prior notice to the lender; (ii) the amount of available credit can increase and decrease as funds are borrowed and repaid; (iii) the credit may be used repeatedly.
Revolving loans include the amounts obtained through a line of credit and not yet repaid (outstanding amounts). A line of credit is an agreement between a lender and borrower that allows a borrower to take advances, during a defined period and up to a certain limit, and repay the advances at his discretion before a defined date. Amounts available through a line of credit that have not been withdrawn or have already been repaid are not to be considered under any balance sheet items category. Overdrafts are debit balances on current accounts. Both revolving loans and overdrafts exclude loans provided through credit cards. The total amount owed by the borrower is to be reported, irrespective of whether it is within or beyond any limit agreed beforehand between the lender and the borrower with regard to size and/or maximum period of the loan;
(d)
Syndicated loans (single loan agreements, in which several institutions participate as lenders).
Syndicated loans only cover cases where the borrower knows, from the loan contract, that the loan is made by several lenders. For statistical purposes, only amounts actually disbursed by lenders (rather than total credit lines) are regarded as syndicated loans. The syndicated loan is usually arranged and coordinated by one institution (often called the ‘lead manager’) and is actually made by various participants in the syndicate. Participants, including the lead manager, all report their share of the loan to the borrower, i.e. not to the lead manager, in their balance sheet assets;
(e)
deposits, as defined under liability category 9;
(f)
financial leases granted to third parties
Financial leases are contracts whereby the legal owner of a durable good (hereinafter the ‘lessor’) lends these assets to a third party (hereinafter the ‘lessee’) for most if not all of the economic lifetime of the assets, in exchange for instalments covering the cost of the good plus an imputed interest charge. The lessee is in fact assumed to receive all of the benefits to be derivable from the use of the good and to incur the costs and risks associated with ownership. For statistical purposes, financial leases are treated as loans from the lessor to the lessee enabling the lessee to purchase the durable good. The assets (durable goods) which have been lent to the lessee are not recorded anywhere on the balance sheet;
(g)
bad loans that have not yet been repaid or written off
The total amount of loans in respect of which repayment is overdue or otherwise identified as being impaired, partially or totally, in accordance with the definition of default in Article 178 of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013;
(h)
holdings of non-negotiable securities
Holdings of debt securities which are not negotiable and cannot be traded on secondary markets;
(i)
traded loans
Loans that have de facto become negotiable are to be classified under the asset item ‘loans’ provided that there is no evidence of secondary market trading. Otherwise they should be classified as debt securities (category 3);
(j)
subordinated debt in the form of deposits or loans
Subordinated debt instruments provide a subsidiary claim on the issuing institution that can only be exercised after all claims with a higher status, e.g. deposits/loans, have been satisfied, giving them some of the characteristics of equity. For statistical purposes, subordinated debt is to be classified as either ‘loans’ or ‘debt securities’ according to the nature of the financial instrument. Where holdings of all forms of subordinated debt are currently identified as a single figure for statistical purposes, this figure is to be classified under the assets item ‘debt securities’, on the grounds that subordinated debt is predominately constituted in the form of securities, rather than as loans;
(k)
claims under reverse repos or securities borrowing against cash collateral
Counterpart of cash paid out in exchange for securities purchased by reporting agents at a given price under a firm commitment to resell the same or similar securities at a fixed price on a specified future date, or securities borrowing against cash collateral (see liability category 9.4).
(l)
notional cash pool positions
Loans (in the form of overdrafts) which are drawn down from notional cash pools by pool participants. Loans not contractually covered by the cash pool arrangement but which are granted to pool participants are not included.
2.
The following item is not treated as a loan:
Loans granted on a trust basis
Loans granted on a trust basis, i.e. trust loans or fiduciary loans, are loans made in the name of one party (hereinafter the ‘trustee’) on behalf of a third party (hereinafter the ‘beneficiary’). For statistical purposes, trust loans are not to be recorded on the balance sheet of the trustee where the risks and rewards of ownership of the funds remain with the beneficiary. The risks and rewards of ownership remain with the beneficiary where: (a) the beneficiary assumes the credit risk of the loan, i.e. the trustee is responsible only for the administrative management of the loan; or (b) the beneficiary’s investment is guaranteed against loss, should the trustee go into liquidation, i.e. the trust loan is not part of the assets of the trustee that can be distributed in the event of bankruptcy.
3.
Debt securities held
Holdings of debt securities, which are negotiable financial instruments serving as evidence of debt, are usually traded on secondary markets or can be offset on the market, and which do not grant the holder any ownership rights over the issuing institution.
This item includes:
(a)
holdings of securities which give the holder the unconditional right to a fixed or contractually determined income in the form of coupon payments and/or a stated fixed sum at a specific date or dates, or starting from a date defined at the time of issue;
(b)
loans that have become negotiable on an organised market, i.e. traded loans, provided that there is evidence of secondary market trading, including the existence of market makers, and frequent quotation of the financial asset, such as provided by bid-offer spreads. Where this is not the case they should be classified under the asset item ‘loans’ (see also ‘traded loans’ in category 2i);
(c)
subordinated debt in the form of debt securities (see also ‘subordinated debt in the form of deposits or loans’ in category 2j)
Securities lent out under securities lending operations or sold under a repurchase agreement remain on the original owner’s balance sheet (and are not to be recorded on the balance sheet of the temporary acquirer) where there is a firm commitment to reverse the operation, and not simply an option to do so. Where the temporary acquirer sells the securities received, this sale must be recorded as an outright transaction in securities and entered in the balance sheet of the temporary acquirer as a negative position in the securities portfolio.
4.
Equity
Equity represents property rights on corporations or quasi-corporations; it is a claim on residual value after the claims of all creditors have been met.
This item includes the following breakdowns:
(a)
Listed shares
Listed shares are equity securities listed on an exchange. Such an exchange may be a recognised stock exchange or any other form of secondary market. Listed shares are also referred to as quoted shares. The existence of quoted prices of shares listed on an exchange means that current market prices are usually readily available.
(b)
Unlisted shares
Unlisted shares are equity securities not listed on an exchange.
(c)
Other equity
Other equity comprises all forms of equity other than those classified in sub-categories listed shares and unlisted shares. In particular, this includes capital invested by a head office in non-domestic branches.
5.
Investment fund shares/units
Shares or units issued by investment funds, which are collective investment undertakings that invest in financial and/or non-financial assets, to the extent that the objective is investing capital raised from the public
This item includes shares/units issued by MMFs pursuant to this Regulation and shares/units issued by non-MMF investment funds as defined in Article 1(1) of Regulation (EU) No 1073/2013 (ECB/2013/38)
6.
Non-financial assets
Assets other than financial assets, including fixed assets (produced non-financial assets which are used repeatedly or continuously in production for more than one year).
This item may include:
(a)
real estate, i.e. dwellings, other buildings and structures (both existing and under development) and land legally owned by reporting agents, including for their own use. This item is reported as a separate ‘of which’ item;
(b)
machinery and equipment;
(c)
valuables;
(d)
intellectual property products such as computer software and databases.
7.
Remaining assets
The item ‘remaining assets’ is the residual item on the asset side of the balance sheet, defined as ‘assets not included elsewhere’. NCBs may require the reporting of specific sub-positions included in this item (in addition to those ‘of which’ items required under this Regulation). Remaining assets may include:
(a)
financial derivative positions with gross positive market values
For statistical purposes, financial derivative instruments that are subject to on-balance-sheet recording are included here and should be reported as a separate ‘of which’ item;
(b)
gross amounts receivable in respect of suspense items
Suspense items are asset balances held in the balance sheet which are not booked in the name of customers but which nevertheless relate to customers’ funds, e.g. funds that are awaiting investment, transfer or settlement;
(c)
gross amounts receivable in respect of transit items
Transit items represent funds, usually belonging to customers, which are in the course of being transmitted between reporting agents. Items include cheques and other forms of payment that have been sent for collection to other reporting agents;
(d)
accrued interest receivable on loans
In accordance with the general principle of accruals accounting, interest receivable on loans should be subject to on-balance-sheet recording as it accrues, i.e. on an accruals basis, rather than when it is actually received, i.e. on a cash basis. Accrued interest on loans is classified on a gross basis under the category ‘remaining assets’. Accrued interest is excluded from the loan to which it relates, and should be reported as a separate ‘of which’ item;
(e)
accrued interest on holdings of debt securities, where the accrued interest is not recorded with the instrument in ‘debt securities held’;
(f)
dividends to be received;
(g)
amounts receivable not related to the main business;
(h)
asset counterpart to coins issued by the central government (NCBs’ balance sheets only).
Remaining assets’ exclude financial instruments that take the form of financial assets (included within the other balance sheet items), certain financial instruments that do not take the form of financial assets, such as guarantees, commitments, administered and trust loans (recorded off-balance sheet), and non-financial assets (included within category 6)
LIABILITY CATEGORIES
Category
Description of main features
8.
Currency in circulation
The liability category ‘currency in circulation’ is banknotes and coins in circulation that are issued or authorised by monetary authorities. This category includes banknotes issued by the ECB and the NCBs. Coins in circulation are part of the monetary aggregates and are also included in this category even if legally the coins are a liability of the central government rather than the NCB. Where coins in circulation are issued by central government, the NCB records a counterpart to this liability within ‘remaining assets’ (see category 7)
9.
Deposits
Amounts (shares, deposits or other), which are owed to creditors by reporting agents and which comply with the features described in Part 1 of Annex I, except those arising from the issue of negotiable securities or MMF shares/units. For the purposes of the reporting scheme, this category is broken down into overnight deposits, deposits with agreed maturity, deposits redeemable at notice and repurchase agreements
(a)
deposits and loans
‘Deposits’ also cover ‘loans’ as liabilities. In conceptual terms, loans represent amounts received by reporting agents that are not structured in the form of ‘deposits’. The ESA 2010 distinguishes between ‘loans’ and ‘deposits’ on the basis of the party that takes the initiative, i.e. if this is the borrower, then it constitutes a loan, but if this is the lender, then it constitutes a deposit. Within the reporting scheme in this Regulation, ‘loans’ are not recognised as a separate category on the liabilities side of the balance sheet. Instead, balances that are considered as ‘loans’ are to be classified indistinguishably under the item ‘deposit liabilities’, unless they are represented by negotiable instruments. This is in line with the definition of ‘deposit liabilities’ above. Loans to reporting agents that are classified as ‘deposit liabilities’ are to be broken down in accordance with the requirements of the reporting scheme, i.e. by sector, instrument, currency and maturity. Syndicated loans received by reporting agents fall under this category.
(b)
non-negotiable debt instruments
Non-negotiable debt instruments issued by reporting agents are generally to be classified as ‘deposit liabilities’. Non-negotiable instruments issued by reporting agents that subsequently become negotiable and that can be traded on secondary markets should be reclassified as ‘debt securities’.
(c)
margin deposits
Margin deposits (margins) made under derivative contracts should be classified as ‘deposit liabilities’ where they represent cash collateral deposited with reporting agents and where they remain in the ownership of the depositor and are repayable to the depositor when the contract is closed out. In principle, margins received by the reporting agent should only be classified as ‘deposit liabilities’ to the extent that the reporting agent is provided with funds that are freely available for on-lending; where a part of the margin received by the reporting agent has to be passed to another derivatives market participant, e.g. the clearing house, only that part which remains at the disposal of the reporting agent should in principle be classified as ‘deposit liabilities’. The complexities of current market practice may make it difficult to identify those margins that are truly repayable, because different types of margin are placed indistinguishably within the same account, or those margins that provide the reporting agent with resources for on lending. In these cases, it is acceptable to classify these margins under ‘remaining liabilities’ or as ‘deposit liabilities’.
(d)
earmarked balances
According to national practice ‘earmarked balances’ related to e.g. leasing contracts are classified as deposit liabilities under ‘deposits with agreed maturity’ or ‘deposits redeemable at notice’ depending on the maturity/provisions of the underlying contract.
(e)
shares issued by reporting agents classified as deposits
Shares issued by reporting agents are classified as deposits instead of as capital and reserves if: (i) there is a debtor-creditor economic relationship between the issuer and the holder, regardless of any property rights in these shares; and (ii) the shares can be converted into currency or redeemed without significant restrictions or penalties. A notice period is not considered to be a significant restriction. In addition, such shares must comply with the following conditions:
—
the relevant national regulatory provisions provide no unconditional right to the issuer to refuse redemption of its shares,
—
the shares are ‘value certain’, i.e. under normal circumstances they will be paid out at their nominal value in the event of redemption,
—
in the event of the issuer’s insolvency, the holders of its shares are legally subject neither to the obligation to cover outstanding liabilities in addition to the nominal value of the shares, i.e. the shareholders’ participation in the subscribed capital, nor to any other onerous supplementary obligations. The subordination of shares to any other instrument issued by the reporting agent does not qualify as an onerous supplementary obligation.
The notice periods for the conversion of such shares into currency are used in order to classify these shares according to the breakdown by notice period within the instrument category ‘deposits’. These notice periods also apply when determining the reserve ratio to be applied under Article 6 of Regulation (EU) 2021/378 (ECB/2021/1). Any earmarked shares relating to loans granted by the reporting agent should be classified as deposit liabilities, with the same original maturity breakdown as the underlying loan, i.e. as ‘deposits with agreed maturity’ or ‘deposits redeemable at notice’, depending on the maturity provisions of the underlying loan contract.
Where a reporting agent holds shares classified as deposits that have been issued by other reporting agents, the holdings are to be classified as loans on the asset side of its balance sheet instead of as ‘equity’.
(f)
securitisation liabilities
Counterpart to the payment received in exchange for loans and/or other assets disposed of in a securitisation but which are still recognised on the statistical balance sheet
The following item is not treated as a deposit:
Funds (deposits) received on a trust basis are not recorded on the statistical balance sheet (see ‘Loans granted on a trust basis’ under category 2)
9.1.
Overnight deposits
Deposits which are convertible into currency and/or which are transferable on demand by cheque, banker’s order, debit entry or similar means, without significant delay, restriction or penalty. This item includes:
(a)
balances (interest-bearing or not) which are immediately convertible into currency on demand or by close of business on the day following that on which the demand was made, without any significant penalty or restriction, but which are not transferable;
(b)
balances (interest-bearing or not) representing prepaid amounts in the context of e-money, e.g. prepaid cards;
(c)
loans to be repaid by close of business on the day following that on which the loan was granted;
(d)
notional cash pool positions which are overnight deposits held in notional cash pools by pool participants.
9.1a.
Transferable deposits
Transferable deposits are those deposits within the category ‘overnight deposits’ which are directly transferable on demand to make payments to other economic agents by commonly used means of payment, such as credit transfer and direct debit, possibly also by credit or debit card, e-money transactions, cheques, or similar means, without significant delay, restriction or penalty. Deposits that can only be used for cash withdrawal and/or deposits from which funds can only be withdrawn or transferred through another account of the same owner are not to be included as transferable deposits.
9.2.
Deposits with agreed maturity
Non-transferable deposits which cannot be converted into currency before an agreed fixed term or that can only be converted into currency before that agreed term provided that the holder is charged some kind of penalty. This item also includes administratively regulated savings deposits where the maturity related criterion is not relevant; these should be classified in the maturity band ‘over two years’. Financial products with roll-over provisions must be classified according to the earliest maturity. Although deposits with agreed maturity may feature the possibility of earlier redemption after prior notification, or may be redeemable on demand subject to certain penalties, these features are not considered to be relevant for classification purposes
9.2a/9.2b/9.2c
Deposits of up to and including one year/of over one year and up to and including two years/of over two years’ agreed maturity
These items include for each maturity breakdown:
(a)
Balances placed with a fixed term to maturity of up to and including one year/of over one year and up to and including two years/of over two years that are non-transferable and cannot be converted into currency before that maturity;
(b)
Balances placed with a fixed term to maturity of up to and including one year/of over one year and up to and including two years/of over two years that are non-transferable but can be redeemed before that term after prior notification; where notification has been given, these balances are classified in 9.3a or 9.3b where appropriate;
(c)
Balances placed with a fixed term to maturity of up to and including one year/of over one year and up to and including two years/of over two years that are non-transferable but can be redeemed on demand subject to certain penalties;
(d)
Margin payments made under derivative contracts to be closed out within one year/between one and two years/over two years, representing cash collateral placed to protect against credit risk but remaining in the ownership of the depositor and being repayable to the depositor when the contract is closed out;
(e)
Loans, which are either evidenced by non-negotiable documents or not evidenced by documents, of up to and including one year/of over one year and up to and including two years/of over two years’ original maturity;
(f)
Non-negotiable debt securities issued of original maturity of up to and including one year/of over one year and up to and including two years/of over two years;
(g)
Subordinated debt issued in the form of deposits or loans of original maturity of up to and including one year/over one year and up to and including two years/over two years;
(h)
Securitisation liabilities.
Counterpart to the payment received in exchange for loans and/or other assets disposed of in a securitisation but which are still recognised on the statistical balance sheet. By convention these liabilities are assigned to the maturity breakdown ‘over two years’ agreed maturity’.
In addition, deposits of over two years’ agreed maturity include:
Balances (regardless of maturity) in which the interest rates and/or terms and conditions are specified in national legislation and which are designed to be held for specific purposes, e.g. house financing, occurring after two years, even if technically they are redeemable on demand
9.3.
Deposits redeemable at notice
Non-transferable deposits without any agreed maturity which cannot be converted into currency without a period of prior notice; before the expiry the conversion into currency is not possible or possible only with a penalty. They include deposits which, although perhaps legally withdrawable on demand, would be subject to penalties and restrictions according to national practice (classified in the maturity band ‘up to and including three months’), and investment accounts without period of notice or agreed maturity, but which contain restrictive drawing provisions (classified in the maturity band ‘over three months’)
9.3a/9.3b
Deposits redeemable at up to and including three months/of over three months’ notice of which over two years’ notice
These items include:
(a)
Balances placed without a fixed maturity that can be withdrawn only subject to a prior notice of up to and including three months/of over three months, of which over two years; if redemption prior to that notice period (or even on demand) is possible, it involves the payment of a penalty; and
(b)
Balances placed with a fixed term to maturity that are non-transferable but that have been subject to a notification of less than three months/of over three months, of which over two years, for an earlier redemption
In addition, deposits redeemable at up to and including three months’ notice include non-transferable sight savings deposits and other types of retail deposits which, although legally redeemable on demand, are subject to significant penalties
Deposits redeemable at over three months’ notice of which over two years’ notice (where applicable) include investment accounts without a period of notice or agreed maturity, but which contain restrictive drawing provisions
9.4.
Repos
Counterpart of cash received in exchange for securities sold by reporting agents at a given price under a firm commitment to repurchase the same or similar securities at a fixed price on a specified future date. Amounts received by reporting agents in exchange for securities transferred to a third party, i.e. the temporary acquirer, are to be classified under ‘repurchase agreements’ where there is a firm commitment to reverse the operation and not merely an option to do so. This implies that reporting agents retain all risks and rewards of the underlying securities during the operation.
The following variants of repo-type operations are all classified under ‘repurchase agreements’:
(a)
amounts received in exchange for securities temporarily transferred to a third party in the form of securities lending against cash collateral; and
(b)
amounts received in exchange for securities temporarily transferred to a third party in the form of a sale/buy-back agreement.
The securities underlying repo type operations are recorded following the rules in asset item 3 ‘debt securities’. Operations involving the temporary transfer of gold against cash collateral are also included under this item
10.
MMF shares/units
Shares or units issued by MMFs. This item represents the total liability to the MMF’s shareholders. Funds arising from non-distributed benefits or funds set aside by the MMF in anticipation of likely future payments and obligations are also included
11.
Debt securities issued
Securities other than equity issued by reporting agents, which are instruments usually negotiable and traded on secondary markets or which can be offset on the market and which do not grant the holder any ownership rights over the issuing institution. This item includes:
(a)
Securities that give the holder the unconditional right to a fixed or contractually determined income in the form of coupon payments and/or a stated fixed sum at a specific date (or dates) or starting from a date defined at the time of issue;
(b)
Non-negotiable instruments issued by reporting agents that subsequently become negotiable should be reclassified as ‘debt securities’ (see also category 9);
(c)
Subordinated debt issued is to be treated in the same way as other debt for the purposes of monetary and financial statistics. Hence, subordinated debt issued in the form of securities is to be classified as ‘debt securities issued’, whereas subordinated debt issued in the form of deposits or loans is to be classified as ‘deposit liabilities’. Where all subordinated debt issued is identified as a single amount for statistical purposes, this figure is to be classified under the item ‘debt securities issued’, on the grounds that subordinated debt is predominately constituted in the form of securities rather than as loans. Subordinated debt should not be classified under the liability item ‘capital and reserves’
(d)
Hybrid instruments. Negotiable instruments with a combination of debt and derivative components, including:
(i)
negotiable debt instruments containing embedded derivatives;
(ii)
negotiable instruments whose redemption value and/or coupon is linked to the development of an underlying reference asset, asset price or other reference indicator over the maturity of the instrument
11a/11b/11c
Debt securities of up to and including one year/of over one year and up to and including two year/of over two years’ original maturity
These items include for each maturity breakdown:
(a)
Negotiable debt securities issued of original maturity of up to and including one year/of over one year and up to and including two years/of over two years’ original maturity; and
(b)
Subordinated debt issued in the form of debt securities of original maturity of up to and including one year/of over one year and up to and including two year/of over two years’ original maturity
11d
Of which debt securities up to two years and nominal capital guarantee below 100 %
Hybrid instruments issued of original maturity of up to two years and which at maturity may have a contractual redemption value in the issuing currency lower than the amount originally invested due to their combination of debt and derivative components
12.
Capital and reserves
For the purposes of the reporting scheme, this category comprises the amounts arising from the issue of equity capital by reporting agents to shareholders or other proprietors, representing for the holder property rights in the reporting agent and generally an entitlement to a share in its profits and to a share in its own funds in the event of liquidation.
This category comprises the following breakdowns:
(a)
equity capital raised;
Includes all funds contributed by the owners, from the initial contribution to any subsequent issuance of forms of ownership and reflects the full amount of capital raised, including the share premium.
(b)
profit or loss accumulated in the accounting period
Includes all profits and losses of the current accounting period as recorded in the profit and loss statement that have not yet been transferred to retained earnings.
(c)
income and expenses recognised directly in equity
Includes the counterpart to the net revaluations of assets and liabilities which are recorded directly in equity and not in the statement of profit and loss according to the accounting framework.
(d)
funds arising from income not distributed to shareholders
Includes reserves and other funds (e.g. profit or loss brought forward after the end of the accounting period and before a decision on the distribution of dividends or appropriation as reserves has been made) not distributed to shareholders.
(e)
specific and general provisions against loans, securities and other types of assets.
These provisions should include all allowances for impairments and loan losses to the extent they are not netted from the asset category to which they refer in the statistical balance sheet
13.
Remaining liabilities
The item ‘remaining liabilities’ is the residual item on the liabilities side of the balance sheet, defined as ‘liabilities not included elsewhere’. NCBs may require the reporting of specific sub-positions included in this item (in addition to those ‘of which’ items required under this Regulation).
Remaining liabilities may include:
(a)
financial derivative positions with gross negative market values
For statistical purposes, financial derivative instruments that are subject to on-balance-sheet recording are to be included here and should be reported as a separate ‘of which’ item;
(b)
gross amounts payable in respect of suspense items
Suspense items are balances held in the balance sheet which are not booked in the name of customers but which nevertheless relate to customers’ funds, e.g. funds that are awaiting investment, transfer or settlement;
(c)
gross amounts payable in respect of transit items
Transit items represent funds, usually belonging to customers, which are in the process of being transmitted between reporting agents. Items include credit transfers that have been debited from customers’ accounts and other items for which the corresponding payment has not yet been made by the reporting agent;
(d)
accrued interest payable on deposits
In accordance with the general principle of accruals accounting, interest payable on deposits is subject to on-balance-sheet recording as it accrues, i.e. on an accruals basis, rather than when it is actually paid, i.e. on a cash basis. Accrued interest on deposits is classified on a gross basis under the category ‘remaining liabilities’. Accrued interest is excluded from the deposit to which it relates and should be reported as a separate ‘of which’ item;
(e)
accrued interest on debt securities issued, where the accrued interest is not recorded with the instrument in ‘debt securities issued’
(f)
dividends to be paid;
(g)
amounts payable not related to the main business, e.g. amounts due to suppliers, tax, wages, social contributions;
(h)
provisions representing liabilities against third parties, e.g. pensions and dividends;
(i)
margin payments made under derivative contracts
Margin payments (margins) made under derivatives contracts are normally classified as ‘deposit liabilities’ (see category 9). The complexities of current market practice may make it difficult to identify those margins that are truly repayable, because different types of margin are placed indistinguishably within the same account, or those margins that provide the reporting agent with resources for on-lending. In these cases, it is acceptable to classify these margins under ‘remaining liabilities’ or as ‘deposit liabilities’, according to national practice;
(j)
net amounts payable in respect of future settlements of transactions in securities or foreign exchange operations
‘Remaining liabilities’ may exclude almost all financial instruments that take the form of financial liabilities (included within the other balance sheet items), financial instruments that do not take the form of financial liabilities such as guarantees, commitments, administered and trust loans (recorded off-balance sheet), and non-financial liabilities such as capital items on the liabilities side (included within ‘capital and reserves’)
PART 3
Definitions of sectors
The ESA 2010 provides the standard for the sector classification in the Member States. This table provides a detailed standard description of sectors which NCBs transpose into national categories in accordance with this Regulation. Counterparties located in the euro area are identified according to their sector in accordance with the lists maintained by the European Central Bank (ECB) for statistical purposes, where relevant, and other guidance for the statistical classification of counterparties provided by the ECB.
The sector classification of counterparties located outside the Member States should be made in accordance with the SNA 2008. The term ‘MFI’ refers only to the Member States. For the purposes of classifying non-EU residents, the term ‘MFI’ is to be interpreted as meaning the SNA 2008 sectors ‘central bank’, ‘deposit-taking corporations except the central bank’ and ‘money market funds’.
Table
Definitions of sectors
Sector
Definition
MFIs
See Article 1
General government
The general government sector (S.13) consists of institutional units, which are non-market producers whose output is intended for individual and collective consumption, and are financed by compulsory payments made by units belonging to other sectors, and institutional units principally engaged in the redistribution of national income and wealth (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.111 to 2.113)
Central government
This subsector (S.1311) includes all administrative departments of the state and other central agencies whose competence extends normally over the whole economic territory, except for the administration of social security funds (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.114)
For the purpose of this Regulation, central government also includes Union institutions and bodies which are classified in the general government sector (S.13).
State government
This subsector (S.1312) consists of those types of public administration which are separate institutional units exercising some of the functions of government, except for the administration of social security funds, at a level below that of central government and above that of the governmental institutional units existing at local level (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.115)
Local government
This subsector (S.1313) includes those types of public administration whose competence extends to only a local part of the economic territory, apart from local agencies of social security funds (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.116)
Social security funds
The social security funds subsector (S.1314) includes central, state and local institutional units whose principal activity is to provide social benefits and which fulfil each of the following two criteria: (a) by law or by regulation certain groups of the population are obliged to participate in the scheme or to pay contributions; and (b) general government is responsible for the management of the institution in respect of the settlement or approval of the contributions and benefits independently from its role as supervisory body or employer (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.117)
Non-MMF investment funds
IFs as defined in Regulation (EU) No 1073/2013 (ECB/2013/38). The subsector consists of all collective investment undertakings, except MMFs, that invest in financial and/or non-financial assets, to the extent that the objective is investing capital raised from the public
Other financial intermediaries, except insurance corporations and pension funds + financial auxiliaries + captive financial institutions and money lenders
The other financial intermediaries, except insurance corporations and pension funds subsector (S.125) consists of all financial corporations and quasi-corporations which are principally engaged in financial intermediation by incurring liabilities in forms other than currency, deposits (or close substitutes for deposits), investment fund shares/units, or in relation to insurance, pension and standardised guarantee schemes from institutional units (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.86 to 2.94)
The financial auxiliaries subsector (S.126) consists of all financial corporations and quasi-corporations which are principally engaged in activities closely related to financial intermediation but which are not financial intermediaries themselves. This subsector also includes head offices whose subsidiaries are all or mostly financial corporations (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.95 to 2.97)
The captive financial institutions and money lenders subsector (S.127) consists of all financial corporations and quasi-corporations which are neither engaged in financial intermediation nor in providing financial auxiliary services, and where most of either their assets or their liabilities are not transacted on open markets. This subsector includes, among others, holding companies that hold controlling-levels of equity of a group of subsidiary corporations and whose principal activity is owning the group without providing any other service to the businesses in which the equity is held, that is, they do not administer or manage other units (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.98 to 2.99)
Insurance corporations
The insurance corporations subsector (S.128) consists of all financial corporations and quasi-corporations which are principally engaged in financial intermediation as a consequence of the pooling of risks mainly in the form of direct insurance or reinsurance (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.100 to 2.104)
Pension funds
The pension funds subsector (S.129) consists of all financial corporations and quasi-corporations which are principally engaged in financial intermediation as the consequence of the pooling of social risks and needs of the insured persons (social insurance). Pension funds as social insurance schemes provide income in retirement, and often benefits for death and disability (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.105 to 2.110)
Non-financial corporations
The non-financial corporations sector (S.11) consists of institutional units which are independent legal entities and market producers, and whose principal activity is the production of goods and non-financial services. This sector also includes non-financial quasi-corporations (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.45 to 2.54)
Households + non-profit institutions serving households
The households sector (S.14) consists of individuals or groups of individuals as consumers and as entrepreneurs producing market goods and non-financial and financial services (market producers) provided that the production of goods and services is not by separate entities treated as quasi-corporations. It also includes individuals or groups of individuals as producers of goods and non-financial services for exclusively own final use (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.118 to 2.128)
The non-profit institutions serving households (NPISHs) sector (S.15) consists of non-profit institutions which are separate legal entities, which serve households and which are private non-market producers. Their principal resources are voluntary contributions in cash or in kind from households in their capacity as consumers, from payments made by general government and from property income (ESA 2010, paragraphs 2.129 to 2.130)
Sole proprietorships and partnerships without legal status (sub-population of ‘Households’)
Sole proprietorships and partnerships without independent legal status, other than those created as quasi-corporations, and which are market producers (ESA 2010, paragraph 2.119d)
