Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/927 of 20 May 2025 supplementing Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards measures adopted by the International Civil Aviation Organization for the monitoring, reporting and verification of aviation emissions for the purpose of implementing a global market-based measure and repealing Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/1603

• CELEX: Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/927
• Articles: 19

Article 1 Scope

1.   This Regulation applies to aircraft operators which fulfil the conditions set out in Article 12(6), third and fourth subparagraphs, of Directive 2003/87/EC.

2.   This Regulation applies to the following international flights as defined in Article 2, point (1), of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1879, that are performed by that aircraft operator during the reporting period and for which the aircraft operator is responsible:

(a)

flights covered by Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC;

(b)

flights which depart from or arrive in an aerodrome situated in one of the overseas countries and territories listed in Annex II to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.

3.   This Regulation applies to a new entrant aircraft operator from the year after it fulfils the conditions set out in Article 12(6), third and fourth subparagraphs, of Directive 2003/87/EC.

Article 2 Definitions

For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply:

(1)

‘CORSIA eligible fuel’ means an aviation fuel certified as CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) eligible fuel by sustainability certification schemes listed in Annex I to this Regulation;

(2)

‘emissions unit’ means an emissions unit as referred to in Article 11a(1) of Directive 2003/87/EC for the purpose of Article 12(9) of that Directive;

(3)

‘emissions unit programme’ means a programme that supplies the emissions units.

Article 3 Administering Member State

1.   An aircraft operator that is listed in the Annex to Commission Regulation (EC) No 748/2009  ( 8 ) shall report its emissions to its administering Member State specified in that Annex.

2.   An aircraft operator that is not listed in the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 748/2009 shall report to the Member State that issued its air operator certificate or, where an aircraft operator does not possess an air operator certificate, the Member State where that aircraft operator has its place of judicial registration.

3.   By 30 November each year, Member States shall submit to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Secretariat a list of aircraft operators which they administer pursuant to paragraph 1 or 2, or, where relevant, an updated list.

Article 4 Monitoring and reporting of emissions

Aircraft operators shall monitor and report emissions from flights referred to in Article 1(2) of this Regulation and shall be subject to the same requirements as those laid down in Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2066, save as otherwise provided in this Regulation.

Article 5 Monitoring and reporting of CORSIA eligible fuels

1.   An aircraft operator that intends to claim reductions from the use of CORSIA eligible fuels in accordance with Article 4(3) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1879, shall monitor and report the quantity of neat CORSIA eligible fuels purchased (expressed in tonnes).

2.   For the purpose of the reporting of CORSIA eligible fuels, aircraft operators shall be subject to the same requirements as those laid down in Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2066, with the exception of Articles 53a, 54a and 54c of that Implementing Regulation.

3.   Where an aviation fuel is not certified as a CORSIA eligible fuel, it shall not be accounted for as CORSIA eligible fuel and it shall be considered as fossil aviation fuel as listed in Table 1 of Annex III to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2066.

4.   Aircraft operators shall determine the total quantity of CORSIA eligible fuels used by deducting from the total quantity of CORSIA eligible fuels purchased any CORSIA eligible fuels that have been sold to third parties.

5.   Aircraft operators shall attach to their annual emissions report to be submitted pursuant to Article 68(1) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2066 a declaration listing all greenhouse gas schemes in which they participate where reductions from the use of CORSIA eligible fuels or other alternative aviation fuels as defined in Article 3, point (23b), of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2066 may be claimed, in which they shall confirm that no claims have been made for the same batches of CORSIA eligible fuels under those other schemes.

6.   Aircraft operators shall report on the use of CORSIA eligible fuels in the annual emissions report to be submitted pursuant to Article 68(1) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2066. Aircraft operators shall report the following information for all CORSIA eligible fuel purchased by the end of the reporting period:

(a)

fuel type, including type of fuel, feedstock and conversion process;

(b)

total mass of the neat CORSIA eligible fuels claimed (expressed in tonnes) per fuel type;

(c)

life cycle emissions values;

(d)

reductions claimed from the use of each CORSIA eligible fuel as calculated in accordance with Article 4(3) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1879;

(e)

total reductions claimed from the use of all CORSIA eligible fuels.

7.   Aircraft operators shall also attach to the annual emissions report to be submitted pursuant to Article 68(1) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2066 the supplementary information listed in Annex II to this Regulation for the reduction claimed from the use of each CORSIA eligible fuel.

8.   Aircraft operators shall ensure that it, or its designated representative, has the right to audit the production records for any CORSIA eligible fuels it has purchased.

Article 6 Verification of data on emissions and CORSIA eligible fuels

1.   The verification of emissions data to be reported pursuant to Article 4 of this Regulation, and the accreditation of verifiers carrying out that verification, shall be subject to the same requirements as those laid down in Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2067, save as otherwise provided for in this Regulation.

2.   Notwithstanding paragraph 1 of this Article, verifiers performing the verification of emissions data reported pursuant to Article 4 of this Regulation, and CORSIA eligible fuels reported pursuant to Article 5(6) of this Regulation shall be accredited for that purpose pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council  ( 9 ) and to this Regulation by a national accreditation body of a Member State. National accreditation bodies shall lay down any specific requirements that verifiers are to meet in order to obtain the accreditation.

3.   For the purpose of the verification of the use of CORSIA eligible fuels and the reductions from the use of CORSIA eligible fuels reported pursuant to Article 5(6) of this Regulation, the provisions of Article 17(6) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2067 shall not apply.

4.   The verification of the use of CORSIA eligible fuels and the reductions from the use of CORSIA eligible fuels shall be based on fuel purchase records, transaction reports, fuel blending records, and CORSIA eligible fuels certification documents.

5.   Where the verifier carries out verification of the CORSIA eligible fuels reported pursuant to Article 5(6), the verifier shall ensure that the verification activities performed allow it to conclude on the following objectives:

(a)

the amount of reductions claimed from the use of CORSIA eligible fuels is materially fair and an accurate representation of reductions over the reporting period, and is supported by sufficient and appropriate internal and external evidence;

(b)

the batches of CORSIA eligible fuels claimed have not also been claimed by the aircraft operator under any other voluntary or mandatory greenhouse gas schemes it has participated in (where the CORSIA eligible fuels may be claimed), during the relevant CORSIA period, as well as the CORSIA period immediately preceding that period;

(c)

the aircraft operator has monitored, calculated and reported its use of CORSIA eligible fuels over the reporting period in accordance with Article 5.

6.   When the verifier carries out verification of the CORSIA eligible fuels reported pursuant to Article 5(6), the scope of the verification shall include the following:

(a)

any internal aircraft operator procedures for CORSIA eligible fuels, including aircraft operator controls to ensure that claimed CORSIA eligible fuels are certified as such by sustainability certification schemes listed in Annex I to this Regulation;

(b)

checks that there is no double claiming of the same batches of CORSIA eligible fuel or other alternative aviation fuel, in particular that the CORSIA eligible fuel or other alternative aviation fuels purchased is not claimed to be used in an earlier report, or in another greenhouse gas scheme. Any inconsistency outside of this mandatory check should be included in the verification report for further consideration by the Member State;

(c)

an assessment of verification risk with introduction of appropriate changes to the verification plan;

(d)

an assessment of whether there is sufficient access to relevant internal and external information to obtain sufficient confidence in each CORSIA eligible fuel claim.

7.   When the verifier carries out verification of the CORSIA eligible fuels reported pursuant to Article 5(6) of this Regulation, the verification report issued pursuant to Article 27 of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2067 shall include confirmation that the checks referred to in paragraph 6 of this Article have been carried out, as well as conclusions on the objectives referred to in paragraph 5 of this Article.

8.   By 30 November each year, Member States shall submit to the ICAO Secretariat a list of verifiers which are accredited by a national accreditation body of that Member State as referred to in paragraph 2, or, where relevant, an updated list.

Article 7 Reporting on emissions unit cancellation

1.   Where the quantity of the total final CO 2 offsetting requirement notified by Member States in accordance with Article 4(7) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1879, is not zero, aircraft operators shall submit to their administering Member State an emissions unit cancellation report that is verified in accordance with Article 8 of this Regulation and a copy of the associated verification report by 30 April 2025 for the CORSIA period 2021 to 2023, and by 30 April 2028 for the CORSIA period 2024 to 2026.

2.   The emissions unit cancellation report shall contain at least the information listed in Annex III to this Regulation.

3.   In order that emissions units can be reported as cancelled, aircraft operators shall cancel the emissions units within a registry designated by an emissions unit programme and request each emissions unit programme registry to make visible on the registry’s public website information on each of the aircraft operator’s cancelled emissions units for the relevant CORSIA period. For each batch of cancelled emissions units, the information shall include at least the consolidated identifying information listed in points 5(a) to (i) and (l) of Annex III to this Regulation.

Article 8 Verification of emissions unit cancellation reports

1.   The verification of emissions unit cancellation reports submitted pursuant to Article 7 of this Regulation, and the accreditation of verifiers carrying out that verification, shall be subject to the same requirements as those laid down in Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2067, save as otherwise provided for in this Regulation.

2.   Notwithstanding paragraph 1 of this Article, verifiers performing the verification of emissions unit cancellation reports submitted pursuant to Article 7 of this Regulation shall be accredited for that purpose pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 and this Regulation by a national accreditation body of a Member State. National accreditation bodies shall lay down any specific requirements that verifiers are to meet in order to obtain the accreditation.

3.   A reasonable level of assurance shall be required for all verifications of emissions unit cancellation reports.

4.   The verifier shall ensure that the verification activities performed allow it to conclude on the following objectives:

(a)

the aircraft operator has accurately reported its cancellations of emissions units in accordance with Article 7;

(b)

the reported number of cancelled emissions units is sufficient for meeting the aircraft operator’s total final offsetting requirements notified by Member States in accordance with Article 4(7) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1879 associated with the relevant CORSIA period, and the aircraft operator can demonstrate sole right of use to such cancelled emissions units;

(c)

the emissions units cancelled by the aircraft operator to meet its final offsetting requirements have not been used by the aircraft operator to offset any other emissions.

5.   The scope of the verification shall reflect the period of time and information covered by the emissions unit cancellation report and the verifier shall confirm that the cancelled emissions units used to meet the aircraft operator’s final offsetting requirements have not been used to offset any other emissions.

6.   When carrying out the verification, verifiers shall not rely on sampling.

7.   Where verifiers carry out solely the verification of the emissions unit cancellation report, they may decide not to carry out a site visit. That decision shall be based on the outcome of the risk analysis and after determining that all relevant data can be remotely accessed. Verifiers shall inform the aircraft operator of that decision without undue delay.

8.   The verification report associated with the emissions unit cancellation report shall contain at least the information listed in Annex IV.

Article 9 Transmission of data from Member States to ICAO

1.   For the purpose of facilitating the calculation of the sector growth factor, Member States shall by 31 July each year transmit to the ICAO Secretariat the relevant data that have been reported pursuant to Article 14 of Directive 2003/87/EC and pursuant to this Regulation. Before that transmission, competent authorities shall conduct order of magnitude check on the data to be transmitted. At the same time, Member States shall also transmit that data to the Commission. Such relevant data shall contain at least the information listed in Annex V to this Regulation, where applicable.

2.   Upon request by a Member State, the Commission may request the assistance of Eurocontrol to improve the accuracy of emissions data, with a view to their transmission of data in accordance with paragraph 1.

3.   If an error in the data reported by the aircraft operator is identified by the relevant Member State, by the verifier, or by the aircraft operator after the reported data have been submitted pursuant to paragraph 1 of this Article, the Member State shall update the reported data to address the error. The Member State shall assess any implications with respect to the aircraft operator’s offsetting requirements as calculated in accordance with Article 3(3) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1879 in previous years and, if necessary, make an adjustment to compensate for the error during the CORSIA period in which the error has been identified.

4.   Member States shall transmit to the ICAO Secretariat information on emissions unit cancellation by 31 July 2025 for the CORSIA period 2021 to 2023, and by 31 July 2028 for the CORSIA period 2024 to 2026. Before that transmission, competent authorities shall conduct order of magnitude check on the data to be transmitted. At the same time, Member States shall also transmit that data to the Commission. The data transmitted shall contain at least the information listed in Annex VI.

Article 10 Repeal

Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/1603 is repealed.

References to the repealed Delegated Regulation shall be construed as references to this Regulation and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex VII.

Article 11 Transitional provision

The emissions and use of CORSIA eligible fuels that have occurred since 1 January 2024 shall be monitored, reported and verified in accordance with this Regulation.

Article 12 Entry into force and application

This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .

Schedules & Appendices

ANNEX I

ANNEX I

CORSIA approved sustainability certification schemes

(1)

International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC)

(2)

Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB)

(3)

ClassNK SCS

ANNEX II

ANNEX II

Minimum content of the supplementary information to an aircraft operator’s annual emissions report for reductions from the use of each CORSIA eligible fuel claim

(1)

Aircraft operator information and reporting information:

(a)

name of aircraft operator;

(b)

address of aircraft operator;

(c)

reporting year;

(2)

Purchase date of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel;

(3)

Identification of the producer of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel:

(a)

name of producer of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel;

(b)

address of the producer of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel;

(4)

Fuel production:

(a)

production date of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel;

(b)

production location of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel;

(c)

batch identification number of each batch of neat CORSIA eligible fuel;

(d)

mass of each batch of neat CORSIA eligible fuel produced;

(5)

Fuel type:

(a)

type of fuel (i.e., Jet-A, Jet-A1, TS-1, No 3 Jet fuel, Jet-B, AvGas);

(b)

feedstock used to create the neat CORSIA eligible fuel;

(c)

conversion process used to create the neat CORSIA eligible fuel;

(6)

Fuel purchased:

(a)

proportion of neat CORSIA eligible fuel batch purchased (rounded to the nearest %);

(b)

total mass of each batch of neat CORSIA eligible fuel purchased (in tonnes);

(c)

mass of neat CORSIA eligible fuel purchased (in tonnes);

(7)

Evidence that fuel is CORSIA eligible fuel as per Article 2, point (1), i.e., valid CORSIA eligible fuel certification document;

(8)

Life cycle emissions values of the CORSIA eligible fuel as stated on the CORSIA eligible fuel certification document:

(a)

life Cycle Emissions Value (LCEF) for given CORSIA eligible fuel, which is equal to the sum of points 8(b) and 8(c) (in gCO 2 e/MJ rounded to the nearest whole number);

(b)

core Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) value for given CORSIA eligible fuel (in gCO 2 e/MJ rounded to the nearest whole number);

(c)

induced Land Use Change (ILUC) value for given CORSIA eligible fuel (in gCO 2 e/MJ rounded to the nearest whole number);

(9)

Intermediate purchaser:

(a)

name of the intermediate purchaser;

(b)

address of the intermediate purchaser;

(10)

Party responsible for shipping of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel to the fuel blender:

(a)

name of party responsible for shipping of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel to the fuel blender;

(b)

address of party responsible for shipping of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel to the fuel blender;

(11)

Fuel blender:

(a)

name of the party responsible for blending neat CORSIA eligible fuel with aviation fuel;

(b)

address of the party responsible for blending neat CORSIA eligible fuel with aviation fuel;

(12)

Location where neat CORSIA eligible fuel is blended with aviation fuel;

(13)

Date the neat CORSIA eligible fuel was received by blender;

(14)

Mass of neat CORSIA eligible fuel received (in tonnes);

(15)

Blend ratio of neat CORSIA eligible fuel and aviation fuel (rounded to the nearest %);

(16)

Documentation demonstrating that the batch or batches of neat CORSIA eligible fuel were blended into aviation fuel (e.g., the subsequent Certificate of Analysis of the blended fuel);

(17)

Mass of neat CORSIA eligible fuel claimed (in tonnes).

ANNEX III

ANNEX III

Minimum content of the emissions unit cancellation report from an aircraft operator to their administering Member State

(1)

Aircraft operator information:

(a)

name of aircraft operator;

(b)

address of aircraft operator;

(c)

contact information of the person within the aircraft operator’s company who is responsible for the Emissions Unit Cancellation Report;

(d)

unique identifier of an aircraft operator;

(e)

administering Member State;

(2)

Year(s) in the reported CORSIA period for which offsetting requirements are reconciled in this report;

(3)

Aircraft operator’s total final offsetting requirements (in tonnes), as informed by the Member State pursuant to Article 4(7) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1879;

(4)

Total quantity of emissions units cancelled to reconcile the total final offsetting requirements of point (3);

(5)

Consolidated identifying information for each batch of cancelled emissions units:

(a)

quantity of emissions units cancelled;

(b)

start of serial numbers;

(c)

end of serial numbers;

(d)

date of cancellation;

(e)

emissions unit programme;

(f)

unit type;

(g)

host country;

(h)

methodology;

(i)

demonstration of unit date eligibility;

(j)

emissions unit registry name;

(k)

unique identifier for registry account to which the batch was cancelled;

(l)

aircraft operator in whose name the unit was cancelled;

(m)

the unique identifier for the registry account from which the cancellation was initiated.

ANNEX IV

ANNEX IV

Minimum content of the verification report associated with the emissions unit cancellation report from an aircraft operator to their administering Member State

(1)

Names of the verifier and verification team members;

(2)

Time allocation (including any revisions and dates);

(3)

Scope of the verification;

(4)

Main results of impartiality and avoidance of conflict of interest assessment;

(5)

Criteria against which the emissions unit cancellation report was verified;

(6)

Aircraft operator information and data used by the verification team to cross-check data and carry out other verification activities;

(7)

Main results of the strategic analysis and risk assessment;

(8)

Non-conformities and misstatements identified (including a description of how these have been resolved);

(9)

Conclusions on the verification of the emissions unit cancellation report (including conclusion on each of the verification objectives listed in Article 8(4));

(10)

Justifications for the verification opinion made by the verification team;

(11)

Results of the independent review and the name of the independent reviewer;

(12)

Concluding verification opinion.

ANNEX V

ANNEX V

Content of the report from the Member State to the ICAO Secretariat

PART 1

Annual emissions report from a Member State to the ICAO Secretariat

(1)

Total annual CO 2 emissions on each state pair aggregated for all aircraft operators reporting to the Member State.

(2)

Total annual CO 2 emissions for each aircraft operator reporting to the Member State:

(a)

total annual CO 2 emissions for each aircraft operator reporting to the Member State (in tonnes);

(b)

an indication as to whether an emission estimation tool was used.

(3)

Total aggregated annual CO 2 emissions for all state pairs subject to offsetting requirements for each aircraft operator reporting to the Member State (in tonnes) for the purpose of calculating the CORSIA Annual Sector’s Growth Factor (SGF) as defined in Article 2, point (4) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1879. These are emissions from international flights between all States listed in the document entitled ‘CORSIA States for Chapter 3 State Pairs’ published annually by the ICAO Secretariat.

(4)

Total aggregated annual CO 2 emissions for all state pairs not subject to offsetting requirements for each aircraft operator reporting to the Member State (in tonnes). These are emissions from international flights other than listed under point (3).

PART 2

CORSIA eligible fuels supplementary information to the annual emissions report from a Member State to the ICAO Secretariat

(1)

Production:

(a)

production year of CORSIA eligible fuel claimed;

(b)

producer of CORSIA eligible fuel;

(c)

production location of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel.

(2)

Batch of CORSIA eligible fuel:

(a)

batch number(s) of each CORSIA eligible fuel claimed;

(b)

total mass of each batch of CORSIA eligible fuel claimed (in tonnes).

(3)

CORSIA eligible fuel claimed:

(a)

fuel types (i.e., type of fuel, feedstock and conversion process);

(b)

total mass of the neat CORSIA eligible fuel (in tonnes) per fuel type being claimed by all the aircraft operators reporting to the administering Member State;

(c)

life Cycle Emissions Value (LCEF) for given CORSIA eligible fuel.

(4)

Total reductions claimed from the use of a CORSIA eligible fuel (in tonnes), per fuel type.

(5)

Total reductions claimed by all aircraft operators reporting to the administering Member State from the use of all CORSIA eligible fuel use (in tonnes).

ANNEX VI

ANNEX VI

Content of the emissions unit cancellation report from a Member State to the ICAO Secretariat

(1)

Aircraft operators administered by the Member State with offsetting requirements in the reported CORSIA period;

(2)

Year(s) in the reported CORSIA period for which offsetting requirements are reconciled in the report;

(3)

Total aggregated aircraft operators’ final offsetting requirements (in tonnes), as informed by the Member State in accordance with Article 4(7) of Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/1879;

(4)

Total aggregated quantity of emissions units cancelled to reconcile the total final offsetting requirements in point (3);

(5)

Consolidated identifying information for each batch of cancelled emissions units:

(a)

quantity of emissions units cancelled;

(b)

start of serial numbers;

(c)

end of serial numbers;

(d)

date of cancellation;

(e)

emissions unit programme;

(f)

unit type;

(g)

host country;

(h)

methodology;

(i)

demonstration of unit date eligibility;

(j)

emissions unit registry name.

ANNEX VII

ANNEX VII

Correlation table

Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/1603

This Regulation

Article 1(1)

Article 1(1)

Article 1(2)

Article 1(1)

Article 2(1)

Article 1(2)

Article 2(2)

—

Article 2(3)

—

Article 2(4)

Article 1(2)

Article 3(1)

Article 4

Article 3(2)

—

Article 4

Article 6(1)

Article 5

Article 3(1) and (2)

Article 6

Article 9(2)

Article 7

Article 9(1)

Article 8

—