Regulation (EU) 2025/2458 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2025 on European statistics on population and housing, amending Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 and repealing Regulations (EC) No 763/2008 and (EU) No 1260/2013 (Text with EEA relevance)

• CELEX: Regulation (EU) 2025/2458
• Articles: 22

Article 1 Subject matter

This Regulation establishes a common legal framework for the development, production and dissemination of European statistics on population and housing.

Article 2 Definitions

For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:

(1)

‘citizenship’ means the particular legal bond between a person and a State, acquired by birth or naturalisation, whether by declaration, choice, marriage, adoption or other means, in accordance with national law;

(2)

‘usual residence’ means the place where a person normally spends the daily period of rest, regardless of temporary absences for purposes of recreation, holidays, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage, provided that that person:

(a)

has lived at that place for most of the time during the 12 months prior to and including the reference date; or

(b)

arrived at that place during the 12 months prior to and including the reference date and where there is an intention or expectation that that person stays there most of the time for at least 12 months from the date of arrival;

(3)

‘signs of life’ means information indicative of the actual presence and usual residence of a person on the relevant territory which can be obtained from any appropriate source or combination thereof, including digital traces that relate to the person concerned;

(4)

‘international migration’ means the event by which a person establishes his or her usual residence in the territory of a Member State or in a third country, having previously been usually resident in another Member State or third country;

(5)

‘immigrant’ means a person who has undergone international migration during the reference period to establish that person’s new usual residence in the territory of the reporting Member State;

(6)

‘emigrant’ means a person who has undergone international migration during the reference period to establish that person’s new usual residence outside the territory of the reporting Member State, having previously been usually resident in the territory of the reporting Member State;

(7)

‘internal migration’ means the event by which a person changes his or her place of usual residence within the territory of the reporting Member State;

(8)

‘hard-to-reach population groups’ means groups of persons for whom a real or perceived barrier exists for full and representative inclusion or identification in the collection of statistical data, due to either a lack of coverage of such groups, or a lack of specific characteristics to identify them;

(9)

‘living quarters’ means a temporary or permanent structure, shelter or lodging place at which one or more persons reside, irrespective of whether it is designed or intended for human habitation;

(10)

‘separate premises’ means premises surrounded by walls and covered by a roof or ceiling in such a way that one or more persons can reside there independently from other persons;

(11)

‘independent premises’ means premises with direct access from a street, stairway, passage, corridor or land;

(12)

‘conventional dwelling’ means structurally separate premises and independent premises in a fixed location, which are designed for permanent human habitation and which are, on the reference date, used as a usual residence, unoccupied or used as a secondary or seasonal residence;

(13)

‘building intended for habitation’ means a permanent structure comprised of one or more conventional dwellings or which is intended for institutional or collective housing;

(14)

‘household’ means a group of two or more persons who share living quarters, or one person who does not form part of any other household;

(15)

‘institution’ means collective living quarters for the purpose of providing, to a group of persons, long-term housing and services necessary for their daily life;

(16)

‘family’ means a group of two or more persons who live most of the time in the same household and who are related through parenthood or through marriage, a registered partnership or a consensual union;

(17)

‘administrative records’ means data generated by a non-statistical source, which is usually a register held by a public body, the main aim of which is not the provision of statistics;

(18)

‘domain’ means one or more data sets that cover particular topics;

(19)

‘topic’ means the content of the information to be collected about the statistical units, with each topic covering one or more detailed topics;

(20)

‘detailed topic’ means the detailed content of the information to be collected about the statistical units related to a topic, with each detailed topic covering one or more variables;

(21)

‘data set’ means one or more variables, organised in a structured form;

(22)

‘population and housing census’ means the detailed decennial data sets and metadata to be provided under this Regulation;

(23)

‘statistical unit’ means one member of a universe of entities, namely persons, objects or events, about which data are collected and statistics are compiled;

(24)

‘variable’ means a characteristic of a statistical unit that can assume more than one set of values;

(25)

‘breakdown’ means a predefined, discrete, exhaustive and mutually exclusive set of values which can be assigned to a variable characterising statistical units;

(26)

‘national level’ means a level relating to the territory of a Member State;

(27)

‘regional level’ or ‘NUTS 3’ means NUTS level 3 as set out in Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003;

(28)

‘local level’ or ‘LAU’ means local administrative unit level as set out in Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003;

(29)

‘grid level’ means statistical grid maintained and published pursuant to Article 4a of Regulation (EC) No 1059/2003;

(30)

‘frame’ means any list, material or device that delimits and identifies the elements of the target population and that, depending on its use, allows access to, or provides additional characteristics of, the elements;

(31)

‘reference date’ means the point in time to which statistics refer;

(32)

‘reference period’ means the time interval to which statistics on events refer;

(33)

‘reference time’ means either a reference date or a reference period, depending whether the statistics are on events or on other statistical units;

(34)

‘metadata’ means information that is needed to use and interpret the statistics and that describes data sets in a structured way;

(35)

‘pre-checked data sets’ means data sets verified by the Member States on the basis of agreed common validation rules.

Article 3 Population base

1.   For the purposes of this Regulation, the population base consists of all persons having their usual residence within the Union in a specified territorial unit of a Member State, at national level, regional level, local level or grid level, at the reference date.

2.   The population base shall include all usually resident persons, regardless of their citizenship and regardless of whether they are or were stateless.

3.   The population base shall exclude persons whose usual residence is outside the territory of the Member State concerned, regardless of place of birth or citizenship, and regardless of any family, social, economic or property links that the person has with that Member State.

4.   Where a person has no usual residence, that person’s location on the reference date shall be deemed to be that person’s usual residence.

5.   Member States shall apply the definition of usual residence provided for in this Regulation to all data sets provided to the Commission (Eurostat) under this Regulation and at the national level, the regional level, the local level and the grid level, as set out in the Annex.

6.   When applying the definition of usual residence, Member States shall use:

(a)

one or more of the data sources listed in Article 8(1);

(b)

estimation methods, subject to Article 11(2), to ensure the accurate implementation of the population base in accordance with paragraphs 1 to 4 of this Article, such as signs of life, as well as other scientifically based, well-documented and publicly available statistical estimation methods, taking into account international recommendations and best practices, to correct for actual presence at the presumed place of usual residence for most of the time in the 12 months ending with the reference date, and to estimate the number of persons who intend or are expected to stay for most of the time in the 12 months from the date of arrival.

7.   For the purpose of qualified majority voting in the Council, the Commission shall provide to the Council data on the total population of Member States at the end of each reference year, as published by the Commission (Eurostat) by 30 September of the calendar year following the reference year. The Commission shall provide those data on the basis of information transmitted by Member States in the data set specified in the Annex and on the basis of any revised data sets transmitted by Member States pursuant to Article 7(3), first subparagraph, point (a), and in accordance with Article 7(3), second and third subparagraphs, where such data sets are transmitted by Member States before 1 September of the calendar year following the reference year.

Article 4 Statistical units

Statistics under this Regulation shall be compiled for the following statistical units:

(a)

persons;

(b)

vital events;

(c)

families;

(d)

households;

(e)

buildings intended for habitation;

(f)

living quarters, including institutions;

(g)

conventional dwellings.

Article 5 Statistics requirements

1.   European statistics on population and housing shall cover the following domains:

(a)

demography;

(b)

housing;

(c)

families and households.

2.   Statistics in the domains listed in paragraph 1 shall be organised into data sets in accordance with the list of topics and detailed topics and their corresponding periodicity, reference times, data transmission deadlines and territorial levels, as set out in the Annex. Where the statistical unit is a person, the data sets shall be disaggregated at least by sex and age, save as provided for in footnote 1 of the Annex.

Concerning the detailed topic ‘energy-related building characteristics’, the data to be transmitted on energy efficiency of buildings shall be restricted to the data available in the national database for energy performance of buildings, set up pursuant to Article 22 of Directive (EU) 2024/1275, of the relevant Member State.

3.   The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 16 to amend the list of detailed topics set out in the Annex. Where a delegated act introduces a new detailed topic, that delegated act may also include the relevant periodicity, reference time, transmission deadline and territorial level. Such delegated acts shall be adopted at least 18 months before the beginning of the relevant reference time.

4.   Where the Commission exercises its power to adopt delegated acts pursuant to paragraph 3 of this Article, it shall ensure that:

(a)

the delegated acts are duly justified and do not impose a significant additional burden or cost on Member States or on the respondents;

(b)

feasibility or pilot studies as referred to in Article 13 are carried out and their results are taken into account before the adoption of any delegated act.

5.   The Commission shall adopt implementing acts to specify the data sets and metadata to be transmitted to the Commission (Eurostat). Those implementing acts shall set out:

(a)

a list of variables, their technical specifications and breakdowns, provided that the territorial breakdowns are not more detailed than the territorial levels set out in the Annex;

(b)

detailed specifications of the statistical units and metadata;

(c)

statistical classifications to be used;

(d)

the technical formats for data sets and metadata transmission and further specifications, where needed and justified;

(e)

the technical specifications for dedicated adjustment categories referred to in Article 11(2).

6.   Before the Commission adopts an implementing act pursuant to paragraph 5 of this Article, it shall assess the statistics related to persons and households already collected pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2019/1700. When adopting those implementing acts, the Commission shall give reasons justifying the inclusion of any variables and breakdowns already collected pursuant to that Regulation. Those implementing acts shall not require data that, by their nature, can only be collected directly from individuals.

7.   The implementing acts adopted pursuant to paragraph 5 of this Article shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 17(2).

They shall be adopted at least 18 months before the beginning of the relevant reference time, except in relation to:

(a)

the first reference times as set out in Article 6(5), for which the implementing acts shall be adopted at least 12 months before the beginning of the relevant reference time; and

(b)

the population and housing census, for which the implementing acts shall be adopted at least 24 months before the beginning of the year in which the reference date falls.

The Commission shall ensure that those implementing acts do not impose a significant additional burden or cost on Member States or on the respondents.

8.   Feasibility or pilot studies as referred to in Article 13 shall be carried out and their results shall be duly assessed and taken into account before any modification of the breakdowns referred to in paragraph 5, point (a), of this Article.

9.   The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 16 to supplement this Regulation by setting out the information to be provided by Member States for a maximum of three reference years, provided that the collection of additional data within the scope of this Regulation is deemed to be necessary for the purpose of addressing additional statistical data needs that cannot be otherwise fulfilled. In particular, the delegated acts referred to in this paragraph shall not result in an obligation to conduct a new statistical survey.

Those delegated acts shall set out:

(a)

the detailed topics to be covered pursuant to this paragraph, related to the domains and topics specified in the Annex, and the reasons for such additional statistical data needs;

(b)

in relation to the detailed topics referred to in point (a), the periodicity, reference times, transmission deadlines and territorial levels.

Those delegated acts shall not apply to reference times before 2030 and shall provide for a minimum of two years between the reference times for each additional data collection. Those delegated acts shall not introduce statistics requirements with reference times falling within the reference years referred to in Article 6(2).

Feasibility or pilot studies as referred to in Article 13 shall be carried out and their results taken into account before the adoption of any delegated act pursuant to the first subparagraph of this paragraph.

10.   The Commission shall adopt implementing acts to specify the additional information referred to in paragraph 9 and relevant metadata. Those implementing acts shall set out:

(a)

a list of variables, their technical specifications and breakdowns, provided that the territorial breakdowns are not more detailed than the territorial levels set out in the corresponding delegated act referred to in paragraph 9, second subparagraph, point (b), of this Article;

(b)

detailed specifications of the statistical units and metadata;

(c)

statistical classifications to be used;

(d)

the technical formats for data sets and metadata transmission and further specifications, where needed and justified.

The implementing acts referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph shall be adopted, in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 17(2), by 18 months before the beginning of the relevant reference time.

Feasibility or pilot studies as referred to in Article 13 shall be carried out and their results taken into account before the adoption of any implementing act.

11.   The studies referred to in paragraph 4, point (b), in paragraph 8, in paragraph 9, fourth subparagraph, and in paragraph 10, third subparagraph, of this Article shall be financed in accordance with Article 14.

Article 6 Periodicity and reference times

1.   Member States shall produce European statistics on population and housing quarterly, annually and multi-annually, and in a decennial population and housing census.

2.   Years ending with ‘1’ shall be the reference years for the decennial population and housing census.

3.   Years ending with ‘1’, ‘5’ and ‘8’ shall be the reference years for multi-annual statistics.

4.   The periodicity and reference time for each detailed topic shall be as set out in the Annex.

5.   The first reference date for which annual statistics on the topic ‘population stocks’ are to be provided shall be 31 December 2027. The first reference date for which decennial statistics are to be provided shall be 31 December 2031. A Member State shall transmit the data on the energy performance of buildings, for the first time, at the latest 24 months from the date on which the national database for energy performance of buildings is available in that Member State in accordance with Article 22 of Directive (EU) 2024/1275. The first reference time for which any other statistics under this Regulation are to be provided shall be in 2028.

Article 7 Data sets and metadata to be transmitted to the Commission

1.   Member States shall transmit to the Commission (Eurostat) pre-checked data sets and metadata in accordance with the Annex, using a technical format to be specified by the Commission (Eurostat). Single entry point services shall be used to transmit the data sets and metadata to the Commission (Eurostat).

2.   Where Member States publish data sets required by this Regulation at national level earlier than the transmission deadlines established in the Annex or in the delegated acts adopted pursuant to Article 5(9), Member States shall provide those data sets to the Commission (Eurostat) without undue delay, and in any event within 30 calendar days of the date of national publication or by the transmission deadlines established in the Annex or in those delegated acts, whichever is the earlier.

3.   Member States shall transmit to the Commission (Eurostat):

(a)

revised data sets and metadata if a revision is conducted after the data sets required under this Regulation were initially provided;

(b)

revised data sets and metadata for relevant time series if a revision is conducted on data sets provided to the Commission (Eurostat) before the application of this Regulation.

The Member States shall transmit to the Commission the revised data sets and metadata referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph within 14 calendar days of the revision, together with quality reporting in accordance with Article 11.

Member States shall inform the Commission without undue delay of any decision to revise data sets or metadata as referred to in this paragraph.

Article 8 Data sources and methods

1.   Member States and the Commission (Eurostat) shall use one or more of the following data sources, provided that such data sources allow for the production of statistics that meet the quality requirements laid down in Article 11:

(a)

administrative data sources;

(b)

statistical surveys or other statistical data collections;

(c)

other sources including privately held data;

(d)

the use of data derived from data sharing among national statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009, including those of other Member States, and between those institutes and authorities and the Commission (Eurostat), within the European Statistical System (ESS).

2.   In the event that a request submitted by a national statistical institute or the Commission (Eurostat) to a private data holder in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 concerns personal data from data sources referred to in paragraph 1, point (c), of this Article, that request shall be limited to the personal data categories covered by the domains and topics specified in the Annex to this Regulation or necessary for the statistical estimation methods in accordance with Article 3(6), point (b).

3.   Member States shall aim to continuously develop innovative sources and methods and use them to improve statistics compiled under this Regulation, provided that they allow for the production of statistics that meet the quality requirements laid down in Article 11.

4.   The statistics compiled under this Regulation shall be based on statistically sound and well-documented methods, taking into account international recommendations and best practice such as signs of life and other scientifically based statistical estimation methods used for compiling statistics on usually resident population in the Member States.

Article 9 Timely access to, and use of, administrative data

1.   Pursuant to Article 17a of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009, national public and semi-public bodies in charge of administrative data sources relevant for the purposes of this Regulation shall allow the use of data in a timely manner and with sufficient frequency to enable the production and transmission of statistics within the deadlines and in accordance with the specific quality requirements set out in this Regulation. The national statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 and the national public and semi-public bodies in charge of the administrative records shall establish the necessary cooperation mechanisms to ensure access to those records in a timely manner and free of charge.

2.   For the purpose of producing statistics on the detailed topic of energy-related building characteristics, national statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 shall have timely and regular access to the national databases on energy performance of buildings in accordance with Directive (EU) 2024/1275 and shall be allowed to use administrative data from those databases.

3.   For the purpose of producing population breakdowns by sex, national statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 shall use information available in national administrative data sources.

4.   For the purposes of this Regulation, the Commission (Eurostat) shall be allowed, upon request, to access and use in a timely manner relevant data and metadata from databases and interoperability systems maintained by Union bodies and agencies, including those established pursuant to Regulations (EU) No 910/2014 and (EU) No 2018/1724, and statistical data stored in the central repository for reporting and statistics (CRRS). In particular, the Commission (Eurostat) shall be allowed to access data from the CRRS originating from the interoperable large scale IT systems managed by the European Agency for the Operational Management of Large-Scale IT Systems in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (eu-LISA), in accordance with Regulations (EU) 2019/817 and (EU) 2019/818 and the Regulations establishing the systems whose statistical data are stored in the CRRS. To that end, the Commission (Eurostat) shall further cooperate with the relevant Union bodies and agencies with a view to specifying the customised statistical data and metadata required, where possible under Union law, for European statistics on population and housing, the operational arrangements for their provision and the necessary accompanying physical and logical safeguards.

Article 10 Lists of countries and territories

1.   Where data sets include information by country or territory, Member States shall use specific breakdowns for the purposes of this Regulation.

2.   The Commission shall adopt implementing acts specifying or updating the lists of countries and territories that apply to breakdowns of statistics compiled under this Regulation. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 17(2) of this Regulation.

3.   Implementing acts amending more than 25 % of the breakdown categories of countries or territories shall apply at the earliest 18 months from their entry into force.

Article 11 Quality requirements and quality reporting

1.   Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure the quality of the data sets and metadata transmitted, by assessing and monitoring:

(a)

the quality of the data sources used;

(b)

the exhaustiveness and accuracy of the population covered in accordance with Article 3(6), in particular with regard to hard-to-reach population groups.

2.   Member States shall ensure that the data obtained using the sources and methods set out in Article 8 give an accurate estimate of the population in accordance with Article 3.

Coverage quality of data on the basis of Article 3(6) shall be confirmed and thoroughly described by Member States in accompanying metadata and quality reports pursuant to paragraph 6 of this Article.

Member States shall use the estimation methods carried out for total population at national level in accordance with Article 3(6), point (b), and described in the quality reports, to adjust all data sets for the detailed topics ‘the person’s basic characteristics’, ‘the person’s socioeconomic characteristics’ and ‘the person’s household situation’, prepared on the basis of sources referred to in Article 3(6), point (a).

Member States may use those estimation methods for further detailed breakdowns. For that purpose, Member States may use a dedicated adjustment category.

3.   For the purposes of this Regulation, the quality criteria referred to in Article 12(1) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 shall apply.

4.   Member States shall take appropriate and effective measures to:

(a)

establish frames that are fit for the purposes of this Regulation and that may be used for the purposes of Article 12 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1700;

(b)

avoid possible risks of undercounting or double counting related to the free movement of persons in the Union and, to the extent possible, to the access of persons to cross-border services linked to vital events and to the rights of persons to buy cross-border, own and use housing property across the Union, by using, inter alia, single digital identifiers;

(c)

avoid possible risks of undercounting or double counting and ensure better comparability of migration flows.

5.   The Commission (Eurostat) shall assess the quality of the metadata on the specifications and of the data transmitted with a view, inter alia, to publishing them in a user-friendly manner on the Commission (Eurostat) website.

6.   Member States shall transmit to the Commission (Eurostat), for the first time by 31 December 2030, and subsequently by 31 December of every year that ends with a ‘0’, ‘3’ or ‘7’, a quality report describing the quality of the statistics provided and the statistical processes for the data sets provided during the relevant period. Those quality reports shall include information on the data sources and methods used, the application of the concepts and definitions and related possible effects on quality of the selected data sources, the data revisions and their reasons and impacts, and the statistical disclosure control methods. The quality reports shall also detail how Member States have applied the measures referred to in paragraph 1 and how the quality criteria referred to in paragraph 3 have been met.

7.   The Commission shall adopt implementing acts setting out the practical arrangements for, and the content of, the quality reports referred to in paragraph 6 of this Article. Those implementing acts shall not impose a significant additional burden or cost on Member States. They shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 17(2).

8.   Any major adaptation provided for by the implementing acts referred to in paragraph 7 of this Article may be the subject of financial and technical support pursuant to Article 14 or subject to a derogation pursuant to Article 18.

9.   Member States shall inform the Commission (Eurostat) as soon as possible of any relevant information or changes with regard to the implementation of this Regulation that would influence the quality of the statistics provided and shall, in the event of a negative effect on the quality of those statistics, take action to resolve the issue without undue delay.

10.   Upon a duly justified request by the Commission (Eurostat), Member States shall provide, without undue delay, necessary additional clarifications for the purpose of evaluating the quality of the statistical information, such as the assessment results of the data sources and the documentation of methods.

Article 12 Data sharing

1.   The purpose of data sharing among national statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009, including those of other Member States, and between those institutes and authorities and the Commission (Eurostat) shall be exclusively to develop and produce European statistics that fall within the scope of this Regulation and to improve the quality of such European statistics.

2.   For the purpose of ensuring secure data sharing within the ESS, with all necessary safeguards with regard to the physical, technical and logical protection of data, the Commission (Eurostat) shall set up a secure infrastructure to facilitate the data sharing referred to in paragraph 1. National statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 may use that secure data sharing infrastructure for the purpose set out in paragraph 1. The Commission (Eurostat) and those institutes and authorities that use that secure data sharing infrastructure for the processing of personal data in accordance with paragraph 3 shall be considered as joint controllers for the processing of personal data in the secure data sharing infrastructure. In the event that those institutes and authorities use another data sharing infrastructure, they shall ensure that such infrastructure provides security that is at least equivalent to the security provided by the secure data sharing infrastructure set up by the Commission (Eurostat).

3.   Sharing of confidential data within the meaning of Article 3, point (7), of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 or sharing of personal data pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/679 or (EU) 2018/1725 may take place on a voluntary basis provided that such sharing is:

(a)

based on a request justifying the necessity to share the data in each individual case, in particular with regard to the quality issues to be specifically addressed;

(b)

based on privacy-enhancing technologies that are specifically designed to implement the principles of Regulations (EU) 2016/679 and (EU) 2018/1725, with particular regard to purpose limitation, data minimisation, storage limitation, integrity and confidentiality;

(c)

carried out in accordance with Chapter V of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009.

4.   For the purpose set out in paragraph 1, non-confidential data shall be shared among national statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009, including those of other Member States, and between those institutes and authorities and the Commission (Eurostat).

5.   The Commission (Eurostat) and the Member States shall test and assess, by means of pilot studies, the infrastructure for and fitness of relevant privacy-enhancing technologies for data sharing.

6.   Where the pilot studies carried out pursuant to paragraph 5 of this Article identify effective and secure data sharing solutions for the purpose set out in paragraph 1 of this Article, the Commission may adopt implementing acts laying down technical specifications for the data sharing and measures for the confidentiality and security of information. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 17(2).

Article 13 Pilot and feasibility studies

1.   The Commission (Eurostat) shall, where necessary and appropriate for the purposes of this Regulation, launch pilot and feasibility studies with the aim of:

(a)

assessing the availability of data sources and their quality, including of publicly and privately held data at Union and national level;

(b)

developing, and assessing the feasibility of the implementation of, new detailed topics, new statistical units, and new variables and their breakdowns, as well as developing and assessing the feasibility of other matters covered by the delegated and implementing acts adopted pursuant to this Regulation;

(c)

assessing the availability of data sources on the disability of persons, and testing disaggregated statistics, in accordance with national law and practices on data protection and disclosure control;

(d)

developing new methodologies and statistical techniques to reinforce quality and to enhance information about hard-to-reach population groups;

(e)

reducing asymmetries in data of migration flows and ensuring better comparability of migration flows;

(f)

reducing possible undercounting or double counting of people;

(g)

testing and assessing the infrastructure for and fitness of relevant privacy enhancing technologies for secure data sharing within the ESS in accordance with Article 12(5).

2.   Member States may participate in the pilot and feasibility studies referred to in paragraph 1 but shall, together with the Commission (Eurostat), ensure the representativeness of those studies at Union level.

3.   The results of the pilot and feasibility studies referred to in paragraph 1 shall be evaluated by the Commission (Eurostat) in cooperation with the Member States. The Commission (Eurostat) shall prepare, in cooperation with the Member States, reports on the findings of those studies.

Article 14 Financing

1.   For the purpose of implementing this Regulation, a Union financial contribution shall be made available from the Single Market Programme established by Regulation (EU) 2021/690, in accordance with Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509, to the national statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009, for:

(a)

adaptations of infrastructure and training in the national statistical system necessary for the development and implementation of new or enhanced: data sources, methodologies, data sharing, statistical units, topics, detailed topics, and variables and their breakdowns;

(b)

the preparation and implementation of additional statistical data collection as referred to in Article 5(9);

(c)

the participation of the Member States in representative pilot and feasibility studies referred to in Article 13.

A financial contribution may also be made available from the general budget of the Union.

2.   The amount of the Union financial contribution referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 shall be established in accordance with the rules of the Single Market Programme as part of the annual budgetary procedure, subject to the availability of funding.

National statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 may also apply for support from other applicable Union financial programmes in accordance with the rules of such programmes. In addition, Member States may apply for support from the Technical Support Instrument to improve the quality of statistics and to develop methodologies in support of the requirements of this Regulation in accordance with the rules of the Technical Support Instrument and with its objective to foster the production, provision and quality monitoring of data and statistics.

3.   The Union financial contribution referred to in paragraph 1 shall not exceed 90 % of the eligible costs.

Article 15 Protection of the financial interests of the Union

Where a third country participates in the actions financed under this Regulation by means of a decision adopted pursuant to an international agreement or on the basis of any other legal instrument, the third country shall grant the necessary rights and access required for the authorising officer responsible, the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF), the Court of Auditors and the European Public Prosecutor’s Office to comprehensively exercise their respective competences. In the case of OLAF, such rights shall include the right to carry out investigations, including on-the-spot checks and inspections, pursuant to Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 883/2013.

Article 16 Exercise of the delegation

1.   The power to adopt delegated acts is conferred on the Commission subject to the conditions laid down in this Article.

2.   The power to adopt delegated acts referred to in Article 5(3) and (9) shall be conferred on the Commission for a period of five years from 1 January 2026. The Commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power no later than nine months before the end of that five-year period. The delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration, unless the European Parliament or the Council opposes such extension no later than three months before the end of each period.

3.   The delegation of power referred to in Article 5(3) and (9) may be revoked at any time by the European Parliament or by the Council. A decision to revoke shall put an end to the delegation of the power specified in that decision. It shall take effect on the day following the publication of the decision in the Official Journal of the European Union or at a later date specified therein. It shall not affect the validity of any delegated acts already in force.

4.   Before adopting a delegated act, the Commission shall consult experts designated by each Member State in accordance with the principles laid down in the Interinstitutional Agreement of 13 April 2016 on Better Law-Making.

5.   As soon as it adopts a delegated act, the Commission shall notify it simultaneously to the European Parliament and to the Council.

6.   A delegated act adopted pursuant to Article 5(3) or (9) shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the European Parliament or by the Council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the European Parliament and the Council or if, before the expiry of that period, the European Parliament and the Council have both informed the Commission that they will not object. That period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the European Parliament or of the Council.

Article 17 Committee procedure

1.   The Commission shall be assisted by the European Statistical System Committee established by Article 7 of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009. That committee shall be a committee within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011.

2.   Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.

Article 18 Derogations

1.   Where the application of this Regulation, or the delegated or implementing acts adopted pursuant thereto, requires major adaptations to be made to a Member State’s national statistical system, the Commission may, by means of implementing acts, grant derogations to the Member States concerned, for a maximum of three years in accordance with the procedure set out in paragraphs 4 and 5.

2.   Where there is sufficient evidence at the end of the period for which it was granted that a derogation as referred to in paragraph 1 remains justified, the Commission may, by means of an implementing act, grant a subsequent derogation for a maximum of three years in accordance with paragraphs 4 and 5.

3.   When granting derogations pursuant to paragraph 1 or 2 of this Article, the Commission shall take into account the comparability of Member States’ statistics and the need for a timely calculation of the required representative and reliable statistical aggregates at European level. When granting such derogations, the Commission shall also ensure that the requirements related to statistics, metadata and quality covered by this Regulation, and covered, before the date of application of this Regulation, by Regulation (EU) No 1260/2013 or by Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 862/2007, are continued without interruption.

4.   Member States requesting a derogation under paragraph 1 shall submit a duly justified request to the Commission within three months of the date of the entry into force of the act concerned, or, in the case of a request for an extension pursuant to paragraph 2, six months before the end of the period for which the existing derogation has been granted.

5.   The implementing acts referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 17(2).

Article 19 Amendments to Regulation (EC) No 862/2007

Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 is amended as follows:

(1)

the title is replaced by the following:

‘Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2007 on European statistics on asylum and administrative and judicial procedures related to immigration legislation, and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 311/76 on the compilation of statistics on foreign workers’

;

(2)

in Article 1, points (a) and (b) are deleted;

(3)

Article 2(1) is amended as follows:

(a)

points (a), (b) and (c) are deleted;

(b)

point (d) is replaced by the following:

‘(d)

“citizenship” means citizenship as defined in Article 2, point (1), of Regulation (EU) 2025/2458 of the European Parliament and of the Council  ( *1 )

( *1 )   Regulation (EU) 2025/2458 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2025 on European statistics on population and housing, amending Regulation (EC) No 862/2007 and repealing Regulations (EC) No 763/2008 and (EU) No 1260/2013 ( OJ L, 2025/2458, 12.12.2025, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2025/2458/oj ).’

"

;

(c)

points (f) and (g) are deleted.

(4)

Article 3 is deleted;

(5)

the following article is inserted:

‘Article 9c

Timely access to, and use of, administrative data

1.   Pursuant to Article 17a of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009, national public and semi-public bodies in charge of administrative data sources relevant for the purposes of this Regulation shall allow the use of data in a timely manner and with sufficient frequency to enable the production and transmission of statistics within the deadlines and in accordance with the specific quality requirements set out in this Regulation. The national statistical institutes and other national authorities included on the list referred to in Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 and the national public and semi-public bodies in charge of the administrative records shall establish the necessary cooperation mechanisms to ensure access to those records in a timely manner and free of charge.

2.   For the purposes of this Regulation, the Commission (Eurostat) shall be allowed, upon request, to access and use in a timely manner relevant data and metadata from databases and interoperability systems maintained by Union bodies and agencies, including those established pursuant to Regulations (EU) No 910/2014  ( *2 ) and (EU) 2018/1724  ( *3 ) of the European Parliament and of the Council, and statistical data stored in the central repository for reporting and statistics (CRRS). In particular, the Commission (Eurostat) shall be allowed to access data from the CRRS originating from the interoperable large scale IT systems managed by the European Agency for the Operational Management of Large-Scale IT Systems in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (eu-LISA), in accordance with Regulations (EU) 2019/817  ( *4 ) and (EU) 2019/818  ( *5 ) of the European Parliament and of the Council and the Regulations establishing the systems whose statistical data are stored in the CRRS. To that end, the Commission (Eurostat) shall further cooperate with the relevant Union bodies and agencies with a view to specifying the customised statistical data and metadata required, where possible under Union law, for European statistics on population and housing, the operational arrangements for their provision and the necessary accompanying physical and logical safeguards.

( *2 )   Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 on electronic identification and trust services for electronic transactions in the internal market and repealing Directive 1999/93/EC ( OJ L 257, 28.8.2014, p. 73 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2014/910/oj )."

( *3 )   Regulation (EU) 2018/1724 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 2 October 2018 establishing a single digital gateway to provide access to information, to procedures and to assistance and problem-solving services and amending Regulation (EU) No 1024/2012 ( OJ L 295, 21.11.2018, p. 1 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1724/oj )."

( *4 )   Regulation (EU) 2019/817 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2019 on establishing a framework for interoperability between EU information systems in the field of borders and visa and amending Regulations (EC) No 767/2008, (EU) No 2016/399, (EU) 2017/2226, (EU) 2018/1240, (EU) 2018/1726 and (EU) 2018/1861 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Decisions 2004/512/EC and 2008/633/JHA ( OJ L 135, 22.5.2019, p. 27 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/817/oj )."

( *5 )   Regulation (EU) 2019/818 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2019 on establishing a framework for interoperability between EU information systems in the field of police and judicial cooperation, asylum and migration and amending Regulations (EU) 2018/1726, (EU) 2018/1862 and (EU) 2019/816 ( OJ L 135, 22.5.2019, p. 85 , ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/818/oj ).’;"

(6)

the following article is inserted:

‘Article 10a

Lists of countries and territories

The lists of countries and territories referred to in Article 10 of Regulation (EU) 2025/2458 shall be applied for the compilation of statistics under this Regulation to ensure comparability of country-specific and territory-specific details across European statistics. Member States shall apply those lists for the first time to compile statistics required under this Regulation, starting with data transmissions for the reference year 2028.’.

Article 20 Repeal

Regulations (EC) No 763/2008 and (EU) No 1260/2013 are repealed with effect from 1 January 2028, without prejudice to the obligations set out in those legal acts with regard to reference periods that fall, in whole or in part, before that date.

References to the repealed Regulations referred to in the first paragraph shall be construed as references to this Regulation.

Article 21 Entry into force and application

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .

It shall apply from 1 January 2028.

Schedules & Appendices

ANNEX Domains, topics and detailed topics with periodicity, reference time, transmission deadline and territorial level per detailed topic

ANNEX

Domains, topics and detailed topics with periodicity, reference time, transmission deadline and territorial level per detailed topic

Domain

Topic

Detailed topic

Periodicity

Reference time (date or period)

Transmission deadline

Territorial level

Demography

Population stocks

The person’s basic characteristics

A

31.12.YY

T+ 60 days

National  ( 1 )

T+6 months

National  ( 2 )   +

( 3 )

T+10 months  ( 4 )

NUTS 3

T+12 months  ( 5 )

Grid  ( 2 )

MA

31.12.YY

T+18 months  ( 5 )

NUTS 3

MA

31.12.YY

T+24 months

LAU

D

31.12.YY

T+18 months  ( 5 )

NUTS 3

D

31.12.YY

T+24 months

LAU

The person’s socioeconomic characteristics

MA

31.12.YY

T+18 months  ( 5 )

NUTS 3 + Grid  ( 6 )

MA

31.12.YY

T+24 months

LAU

D

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3 + LAU

Fertility

Live births

Q

Month

T+60 days

National  ( 1 )

A

Year

T+10 months  ( 4 )

NUTS 3 + LAU

Legally induced abortions  ( 6 )

A

Year

T+12 months

National

Mortality

Deaths

Q

Month, Week  ( 6 )

T+60 days

National  ( 2 )

A

Year

T+10 months  ( 4 )

NUTS 3 + LAU

Infant deaths

A

Year

T+9 months  ( 4 )

National

Late foetal deaths  ( 6 )

A

Year

T+12 months

National

Partnerships

Marriages and registered partnerships

A

Year

T+12 months

National

Characteristics of persons entering a marriage or registered partnership

A

Year

T+12 months

National

Divorces and terminated registered partnerships

A

Year

T+12 months

National

Migration

Immigrants

Q

Month

T+120 days

National  ( 1 )

A

Year

T+6 months

National  ( 2 )

T+12 months

NUTS 3

Emigrants

A

Year

T+6 months

National  ( 2 )

T+12 months

NUTS 3

Internal migration

A

Year

T+12 months

NUTS 3

Acquisition and loss of citizenship of Member State and the Union

Persons who acquired citizenship

A

Year

T+9 months

National

Persons who lost/gave up citizenship

A

Year

T+9 months  ( 4 )

National

Housing

Living quarters

Living quarters characteristics

D

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3 + LAU

Conventional dwellings

Basic building characteristics

MA

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3 + LAU + Grid

D

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3 + LAU

Energy-related building characteristics  ( 7 )

A (from 2035 onward)

31.12.YY

T+12 months

NUTS 3

MA

31.12.YY

T+18 months  ( 5 )

NUTS 3 + Grid

D

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3 + LAU

Occupied conventional dwellings

Characteristics of occupied conventional dwellings

D

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3

Usage of occupied conventional dwellings

D

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3

Families and households

Families

Family characteristics

D

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3 + LAU

Households

Household characteristics

A

31.12.YY

T+24 months

National

MA

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3 + LAU

The person’s household situation

A

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3

D

31.12.YY

T+24 months

NUTS 3 + LAU

Key for column headed ‘Periodicity’

Quarterly

Q

Annual

A

Multi-annual (years ending with ‘1’, ‘5’, ‘8’)

MA

Decennial (years ending with ‘1’)

D

( 1 )   First estimate of total figure at national level.

( 2 )   First estimate, breakdowns limited to age and sex.

( 3 )   The total population at national level in this data set is the figure provided by the Commission to the Council pursuant to Article 3(7).

( 4 )   T+12 months until 2035.

( 5 )   T+24 months until 2035.

( 6 )   To be provided on a voluntary basis.

( 7 )   Pursuant to Article 6(5) of this Regulation, a Member State shall transmit the data on the energy performance of buildings, for the first time, at the latest 24 months from the date on which the national database for energy performance of buildings set up pursuant to Article 22 of Directive (EU) 2024/1275 is available in that Member State. Pursuant to Article 5(2), second subparagraph, of this Regulation, the data on energy efficiency of buildings shall be restricted to the data available in this national database.