水上警察人員 95 年法學知識與英文考古題

憲法本文以及增修條文中，有關教育文化基本國策之敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A)國民受教育之機會，一律平等 (B)教育、科學、文化之經費，在中央不得少於其預算總額百分之二十 (C)各級政府應廣設獎學金名額，以扶助學行俱優無力升學之學生 (D)全國公私立之教育文化機關，依法律受國家之監督

下列何者雖未見諸憲法明文規定，但仍屬實質之憲法原理？ (A)宗教自由之保障 (B)憲法施行之準備程序之制定 (C)憲法修正的實質界限 (D)提審制度

立法機關制定法律，限制人權，應考量人權利益之減損及公共利益之增加情況，此為憲法理念中之： (A)比例原則 (B)公益原則 (C)法律保留原則 (D)程序正義原則

下列何者並非立憲主義的平等理念？ (A)現代的平等應該是實質的平等，而非形式的平等 (B)平等與自由面臨必須相互調整的狀態 (C)為落實實質平等，國家權力不應介入私人間的權利義務關係 (D)為落實平等理念，國家應保障包含生存權在內的社會權

依憲法增修條文規定，行政院與立法院之關係，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)行政院有向立法院提出施政方針及施政報告之責 (B)立法院不得對行政院院長提出不信任案 (C)立法委員不得對行政院院長質詢 (D)行政院院長之任命須經立法院同意

我國憲法規定，限制人民之基本權利應符合之要件，不包括下列何者？ (A)為增進公共利益 (B)為防止妨礙他人之自由 (C)須以法律為之 (D)應經國民大會複決

下列有關社會權有效運作的相關要件之敘述，何者正確？ (A)國家必須設立最低勞動報酬線與生活保護基線 (B)無須獨立自主生存的人生價值觀的配合亦可運作社會權 (C)社會安全保障體系允許惡意與偽裝的弱者 (D)社會權與自由權皆可達到立即性的保障效果

下列何者不屬於人民選舉權之要件？ (A)年滿20 歲 (B)未受褫奪公權。但戒嚴時期依懲治叛亂條例判決者，不在此限 (C)未受禁治產宣告 (D)完成國民義務教育

根據公職人員選舉罷免法第35 條之規定，下列人員何者不得登記為候選人？ (A)一般學校學生 (B)軍事學校學生 (C)在職進修學生 (D)學分班學生

公職人員罷免案不成立者，原提議人對同一被罷免人自宣告不成立之日起，多久內不得再為罷免案之提案？ (A)一年 (B)二年 (C)三年 (D)四年

依憲法增修條文規定，何者可對總統提出罷免案？ (A)國民大會 (B)公民連署 (C)立法院 (D)監察院

總統於發布緊急命令後，執行機關以命令補充時，此一補充命令應送交何機關審查？ (A)立法院 (B)司法院大法官 (C)監察院 (D)國民大會

依照憲法規定，總統應如何行使締結條約權？ (A)總統可以自行決定，無需其他機關議決 (B)只需行政院院長副署即可 (C)應咨請立法院議決通過 (D)須先提出於行政院會議後，再經立法院議決通過

依憲法增修條文之規定，行政院院長之產生程序為何？ (A)總統直接任命之 (B)由總統提名，經立法院同意任命之 (C)由總統提名，經國民大會同意任命之 (D)由立法院提請總統任命之

下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)立法委員須超出黨派以外，依據法律獨立行使職權 (B)法官須超出黨派以外，依據法律獨立審判，不受任何干涉 (C)考試委員須超出黨派以外，依據法律獨立行使職權 (D)監察委員須超出黨派以外，依據法律獨立行使職權

下列有關公務員懲處之敘述，何者正確？ (A)懲處之方法包括減俸、降級 (B)懲處法律依據之一為公務人員考績法 (C)懲處由銓敘部為之 (D)對管理措施不服時得向公務人員保障暨培訓委員會提起復審

我國的民法刑法繼受歐洲大陸的法律，而歐洲大陸各國的法律大多又繼受下列何一類型法律？ (A)普通法 (B)伊斯蘭法 (C)希臘法 (D)羅馬法

工會法、合作社法、農會法、商會法等各種社會團體規範屬於： (A)公法 (B)私法 (C)公法私法的混合 (D)地方自治法

現行「台灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例」是以下列何者為依據制定的？ (A)動員戡亂時期臨時條款 (B)中華民國憲法增修條文 (C)總統發布之緊急命令 (D)政府宣告之戒嚴令

以下何一機關不得向立法院提出法律案？ (A)考試院 (B)行政院 (C)總統府 (D)司法院

奧地利著名的法學家凱爾生（Hans Kelsen）創立了下列那一種法學學說？ (A)自由法學 (B)歷史法學 (C)社會法學 (D)純粹法學

請問以下何種權利屬於「一身專屬權」？ (A)財產權 (B)債權 (C)名譽權 (D)所有權

依據司法院大法官釋字第445 號解釋，憲法第14 條之集會自由與憲法第11 條之著作、出版自由，同屬下列何者之範疇？ (A)人性尊嚴 (B)表現自由 (C)結社自由 (D)宗教自由

下列何項為依法令負有行為義務而不為，非行政機關或第三人所能代履行者，經告戒之後可重複科處一定金額之處罰？ (A)罰鍰 (B)罰金 (C)怠金 (D)代金

下列何者為法定物權？ (A)留置權 (B)抵押權 (C)質權 (D)地上權

下列何一解釋是以法律條文之邏輯結構和系統，並考量整個規範的意義關聯而為之解釋？ (A)文義解釋 (B)論理解釋 (C)歷史解釋 (D)目的解釋

未婚的未成年人甲，未得法定代理人同意所訂立之契約，其效力如何？ (A)有效 (B)無效 (C)效力未定 (D)不成立

法律之作用若在於指示人民於社會上何者應為或何者不應為，則其屬於何種規範？ (A)裁判規範 (B)行為規範 (C)倫理規範 (D)組織規範

甲之住所在台北，因工作關係暫居台中，偶而還至台南探視祖母，試問若甲欠乙100 萬元不還，乙應向何地方法院起訴？ (A)台北 (B)台中 (C)台南 (D)高雄

我國刑法第2 條第1 項前段謂「行為後法律有變更者，適用裁判時之法律。」此一規定，屬於下列何種法律原則？ (A)從輕原則 (B)從新原則 (C)從重原則 (D)從舊原則

Paparazzi, meaning a buzzing insect in Italian, are freelance photographers who doggedly pursue to takecandid pictures for sale to magazines and newspapers. (A)celebrities (B)communists (C)consultants (D)criminals

He railed against chaining young children desks and filling their heads with useless things. (A)at (B)about (C)to (D)on

All schools, they are public or private, should observe the strictest sanitation standards. (A)whether (B)which (C)whatever (D)however

regard to the pollution factors, the industrial park planning committee has set up strict standards to monitorthem. (A)Against (B)With (C)For (D)To

The new retirement policy would cause the company the support of the employees who benefit from thecurrent system. (A)to lose (B)be lost (C)for losing (D)the loss

The possible interactions between these poisonous chemicals are deeply to the government officials. (A)distinctive (B)disturbing (C)notorious (D)ruthless

Until Fabre, the few experiments that had ever been conducted on animal behavior were essentially limited to birds. (A)Fabre was a pioneer who did experiments on animal behavior other than birds. (B)Before Fabre, a large number of experiments on animals had been done. (C)Fabre was an expert on animal conducts, though limited only to birds. (D)Few experiments on bird behavior were done by Fabre.

He had a memory so that he could even remember everyone’s nickname after twenty years. (A)lofty (B)phenomenal (C)thrifty (D)knowledgeable

There is no such thing as a great talent without great will-power. (A)Great will-power is a necessary condition for a great talent. (B)Great will-power is not a sufficient condition for a great talent. (C)Great talent and great will-power are independent from each other. (D)If there is no great talent, there will be no great will-power.

If only too much, the car accident wouldn’t have happened. (A)I had drunk (B)I had not drunk (C)had I drunk (D)had I not drunk

She was quite at sea so she needed your help. (A)She was in a fog so she needed your help. (B)She was trapped on the boat so she needed your help. (C)She was not familiar with the sea so she needed your help. (D)She did not like to be near the sea so she needed your help.

The literary expressions of happiness enjoyed by Spanish women form the focus of this study, exemplifiedin the writings of the three women who were born in Mexico City. (A)are (B)as (C)and (D)whichThe art of negotiating involves finding a balance between achieving the best possible result, while at the same timeestablishing a mutually beneficial working relationship with your counterparts. Much negotiation literature, including thebest-seller book Getting to Yes, emphasizes inventing 43 for mutual gain rather than negotiating on a win-losebasis. The former tries to expand the pie by discovering new options, 44 the latter sees negotiations as fixed piewhere the more one side wins, the more the other side loses. The idea behind the “Getting to Yes” approach is that it is45 to lock yourself into a fixed position because that will prevent you from finding 46 that will be mutuallybeneficial.（請回答第43 題至第46 題）

(A)conflicts (B)difficulties (C)options (D)troubles

(A)which (B)while (C)how (D)why

(A)unproductive (B)productive (C)unusual (D)common

(A)relationships (B)alternatives (C)negotiations (D)benefitsResearch shows that between 15 and 20 percent of babies are born with an anxious temperament, and aboutthree-quarters of these grow up be chronically shy. That’s 11 to 15 percent of all children. It’s upsetting to watch your shychild stumble socially, and you may sometimes feel compelled to step in and do something about it. But you should avoidthe temptation to nag or force the child to perform in high-pressure situations. “Threatening behavior like scolding,sarcastic comments or constant nagging won’t help,” says Swaminathan, a clinical psychologist. “It may make a childwithdraw further or, worse, turn the shyness into a serious social anxiety.” Protecting a shy child from social interactionsisn’t the answer, either. Some parents, for instance, will answer for their child in the doctor’s office, even though thedoctor is posing the question to the child. “Don’t just let him retreat－encourage whenever opportunities arise.”Swaminathan says gradual exposure to social situations can help a child deal with his fears and anxieties. Finally, to a shychild, the Internet may seem like a dream that comes true－a chance to connect socially without the risk of rejection. Butit can also delay the acquisition of true social confidence.（請回答第47 題至第50 題）

According to the passage, which way may help a shy child? (A)Nagging constantly and making sarcastic comments (B)Encouraging the child whenever opportunities arise (C)Protecting the child from social interactions (D)Forcing the child to perform

What does the word “chronically” mean in the passage? (A)Intensively (B)Acutely (C)Continually (D)Particularly

Which quality is NOT associated with shyness? (A)Anxiety (B)Nagging (C)Fear (D)Retreating

According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct? (A)To a shy kid, the Internet not only offers a chance to connect socially without the risk of rejection, but it can alsohelp the acquisition of true confidence. (B)Most parents like to answer for their children, even though questions are posed to the children. (C)Gradual exposure to social situations can help a shy child reduce his fears and anxieties. (D)Research shows that all the babies who are born with an anxious temperament grow up to be chronically shy.