Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2104 of 4 July 2023 amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2402 as regards the review of harmonised efficiency reference values for separate production of electricity and heat in application of Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council

• CELEX: Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2104
• Articles: 4

Article 1

Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2402 is amended as follows:

Annexes I and II are replaced by the text in Annex I to this Regulation;

Annex IV is replaced by the text in Annex II to this Regulation.

Article 2

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

It shall apply from 1 January 2024.

Schedules & Appendices

ANNEX I

ANNEX I

‘ANNEX I

Harmonised efficiency reference values for separate production of electricity

(referred to in Article 1)

In the following table, the harmonised efficiency (%) reference values for separate production of electricity are based on net calorific value and standard atmospheric ISO conditions (15 °C ambient temperature, 1,013 bar, 60 % relative humidity):

Category

Energy source

Year of construction

Before 2016

2016–2023

From 2024

Solids

S1

Hard coal including anthracite, bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, coke, semi-coke, pet coke

44,2

44,2

53,0

S2

Lignite, lignite briquettes, oil shale

41,8

41,8

53,0

S3

Peat, peat briquettes

39,0

39,0

53,0

S4

Dry biomass including wood and other solid biomass including wood pellets and briquettes, dried woodchips, clean and dry waste wood, nut shells and olive and other stones

33,0

37,0

37,0

S5

Other solid biomass including all wood not included under S4 and black and brown liquor.

25,0

30,0

30,0

S6

Municipal and industrial waste (non-renewable, of non-biological origin such as plastics, rubber and other synthetic materials) and renewable/bio-degradable waste

25,0

25,0

25,0

Liquids

L7

Heavy fuel oil, gas/diesel oil, other oil products

44,2

44,2

53,0

L8

Bio-liquids including bio-methanol, bioethanol, bio-butanol, biodiesel, other biofuels and all e-liquids

44,2

44,2

44,2

L9

Waste liquids including biodegradable and non-renewable waste (including tallow, fat and spent grain).

25,0

29,0

29,0

Gaseous

G10

Natural gas, LPG, LNG and biomethane

52,5

53,0

53,0

G11A

Traded hydrogen  ( 1 )

44,2

44,2

53,0

G11B

Refinery gases, synthesis gas, hydrogen (by-product), e-gases  ( 2 )

44,2

44,2

44,2

G12

Biogas produced from anaerobic digestion, landfill, and sewage treatment

42,0

42,0

42,0

G13

Coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, mining gas, and other recovered gases (excluding refinery gas)

35,0

35,0

35,0

Other

O14A

Waste heat, including process exhaust gases, product from exothermic chemical reactions (input temperature > 200 °C)

30,0

30,0

O14B

Waste heat, including process exhaust gases, product from exothermic chemical reactions (input temperature < 200 °C)

30,0

20,0

O15

Nuclear

33,0

33,0

O16

Solar thermal

30,0

30,0

O17

Geothermal

19,5

19,5

O18

Other fuels not mentioned above

30,0

30,0

ANNEX II

Harmonised efficiency reference values for separate production of heat

(referred to in Article 1)

In the following table the harmonised efficiency (%) reference values for separate production of heat are based on net calorific value and standard atmospheric ISO conditions (15 °C ambient temperature, 1,013 bar, 60 % relative humidity):

Category

Energy source

Year of construction

Before 2016

2016–2023

From 2024

Hot water

Steam  ( 3 )

Direct use of exhaust gases  ( 4 )

Hot water

Steam  ( 3 )

Direct use of exhaust gases  ( 4 )

Hot water

Steam  ( 3 )

Direct use of exhaust gases  ( 4 )

Solids

S1

Hard coal including anthracite, bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, coke, semi-coke, pet coke

88

83

80

88

83

80

92

87

84

S2

Lignite, lignite briquettes, oil shale

86

81

78

86

81

78

92

87

84

S3

Peat, peat briquettes

86

81

78

86

81

78

92

87

84

S4

Dry biomass including wood and other solid biomass including wood pellets and briquettes, dried woodchips, clean and dry waste wood, nut shells and olive and other stones

86

81

78

86

81

78

86

81

78

S5

Other solid biomass including all wood not included under S4 and black and brown liquor.

80

75

72

80

75

72

80

75

72

S6

Municipal and industrial waste (non-renewable, of non-biological origin such as plastics, rubber and other synthetic materials) and renewable/bio-degradable waste

80

75

72

80

75

72

80

75

72

Liquids

L7

Heavy fuel oil, gas/diesel oil, other oil products

89

84

81

85

80

77

92

87

84

L8

Bio-liquids including bio-methanol, bioethanol, bio-butanol, biodiesel, other biofuels and all e-liquids

89

84

81

85

80

77

85

80

77

L9

Waste liquids including biodegradable and non-renewable waste (including tallow, fat and spent grain).

80

75

72

75

70

67

75

70

67

Gaseous

G10

Natural gas, LPG, LNG and biomethane

90

85

82

92

87

84

92

87

84

G11A

Traded hydrogen

89

84

81

90

85

82

92

87

84

G11B

Refinery gases, synthesis gas, hydrogen (by-product), e-gases

89

84

81

90

85

82

90

85

82

G12

Biogas produced from anaerobic digestion, landfill, and sewage treatment

70

65

62

80

75

72

80

75

72

G13

Coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, mining gas, and other recovered gases (excluding refinery gas)

80

75

72

80

75

72

80

75

72

Other

O14A

Waste heat, including process exhaust gases, product from exothermic chemical reactions (input temperature > 200 °C)

—

—

—

92

87

—

92

87

—

O14B

Waste heat, including process exhaust gases, product from exothermic chemical reactions (input temperature < 200 °C)

—

—

—

92

87

—

92

87

—

O15

Nuclear

—

—

—

92

87

—

92

87

—

O16

Solar thermal

—

—

—

92

87

—

92

87

—

O17

Geothermal

—

—

—

92

87

—

92

87

—

O18

Other fuels not mentioned above

—

—

—

92

87

—

92

87

—

’.

( 1 )   Hydrogen sold from its supplier to a cogeneration unit operator.

( 2 )   E-gases are understood as gaseous synthetic fuel originating from renewable hydrogen and carbon dioxide captured either from a concentrated source, such as flue gases from an industrial site, or from the air.

( 3 )   Where steam plants do not account for the condensate return in their calculation of CHP heat efficiencies, the steam efficiencies set out in the table should be increased by 5 percentage points.

( 4 )   Values for direct heat should be used where the temperature reaches 250 °C or higher.

ANNEX II

ANNEX II

‘ANNEX IV

Correction factors for avoided grid losses for the application of the harmonised efficiency reference values for separate production of electricity

(referred to in Article 2(2))

Connection voltage level

Correction factor (Off-site)

Correction factor (On-site)

≥ 345 kV

1

0,976

≥ 200 – < 345 kV

0,972

0,963

≥ 100 – < 200 kV

0,963

0,951

≥ 50 – < 100 kV

0,952

0,936

≥ 12 – < 50 kV

0,935

0,914

≥ 0,45 – < 12kV

0,918

0,891

< 0,45 kV

0,888

0,851

Example:

A 100 kWel cogeneration unit with a reciprocating engine driven with natural gas generates electricity at 380 V. Of this, 85 % is used for own consumption and 15 % is fed into the grid. The plant was constructed in 2020. The annual ambient temperature is 15 °C (so no climatic correction is necessary).

After the grid loss correction the resulting efficiency reference value for the separate production of electricity in this cogeneration unit would be, on the basis of the weighted mean of the factors in this Annex:

Ref Εη = 53 % × (0,851 × 85 % + 0,888 × 15 %) = 45,4 %

’.