ANNEX I
Methods of sampling for the control of the levels of mycotoxins in food ( 1 )
PART I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
A.1. General provisions
A.1.1. Personnel
Sampling shall be performed by a person as designated by the competent authority of the Member State.
A.1.2. Material to be sampled
Each lot which is to be examined shall be sampled separately. In accordance with the specific sampling provisions for the different mycotoxins, large lots shall be subdivided into sublots to be sampled separately.
A.1.3. Precautions to be taken
In the course of sampling and preparation of the samples, precautions shall be taken to avoid any changes, which would:
—
affect the mycotoxin content, adversely affect the analytical determination or make the aggregate samples unrepresentative;
—
affect the food safety of the lots to be sampled.
Also, all measures necessary to ensure the safety of the persons taking the samples shall be taken.
A.1.4. Incremental samples
As far as possible incremental samples shall be taken at various places distributed throughout the lot or sublot. Departure from such procedure shall be recorded in the record provided for under part I. point A.1.8. of this Annex.
A.1.5. Preparation of the aggregate sample
The aggregate sample shall be made up by combining the incremental samples.
A.1.6. Replicate samples
The replicate samples for enforcement, defence and reference purposes shall be taken from the homogenised aggregate sample, unless such procedure conflicts with Member States’ rules as regards the rights of the food business operator.
A.1.7. Packaging and transmission of samples
Each sample shall be placed in a clean, inert container offering adequate protection from contamination and against damage in transit. All necessary precautions shall be taken to avoid any change in composition of the sample, which might arise during transportation or storage.
A.1.8. Sealing and labelling of samples
Each sample taken for official use shall be sealed at the place of sampling and identified following the rules of the Member State.
A record of each sampling shall be kept, permitting each lot to be identified unambiguously and giving the date and place of sampling together with any additional information likely to be of assistance to the analyst.
A.2. Different types of lots
Food commodities may be traded in bulk, containers, or individual packages, such as sacks, bags, retail/individual packages. The method of sampling may be applied to commodities put on the market in bulk, containers, or individual packages, such as sacks, bags, retail/individual packages or any other different form.
Without prejudice to the specific sampling provisions set out in other parts of this Annex, the following formula shall be used as a guide for calculating the sampling frequency of lots put on the market in individual packages, such as sacks, bags, retail/individual packages.
Sampling frequency (SF) n =
Weight of the lot x Weight of the incremental sample
Weight of the aggregate sample x Weight of individual package
—
weight: in kg
—
sampling frequency (SF): every n th individual package from which an incremental sample shall be taken (decimal figures shall be rounded to the nearest whole number).
A.3. Sampling of commodities with a high volume/weight ratio
With the exception of the food commodities falling under parts L and M of part II of this Annex, in the case of sampling food commodities which have a high volume in comparison to their weight (i.e. volume (dm 3 )/weight (kg) > 5) the weight requirements can be replaced by equivalent volume requirement (i.e. 1 kg replaced by 1 dm 3 ).
PART II
METHODS OF SAMPLING
This part lays down the methods of sampling for the following categories of food:
A.
Cereals, oilseeds other than groundnuts, cereal and oilseed products other than groundnut products
B.
Dried fruit and derived/processed products with the exception of dried figs
C.
Dried figs and derived/processed products
D.
Groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size and derived/processed products
E.
Dried spices except dried spices with large particle size and powdered spices
F.
Milk and milk products, infant formula, follow-on formula, foods for special medical purposes intended for infants and young children and young child formula
G.
Coffee, coffee products, cocoa, cocoa products, liquorice root and liquorice products
H.
Beverages
I.
Solid processed fruit and vegetable products
J.
Baby foods and processed cereal-based food for infants and young children
K.
Vegetable oils
L.
Food supplements, pollen and pollen products
M.
Dried herbs, herbal infusions (dried product), teas (dried product) and powdered spices
N.
Very large lots or lots stored or transported in a way whereby sampling throughout the lot is not feasible
A. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR CEREALS, OILSEEDS OTHER THAN GROUNDNUTS, CEREAL AND OILSEED PRODUCTS OTHER THAN GROUNDNUT PRODUCTS
A.1. Weight of the incremental sample
The weight of the incremental sample shall be about 100 g, unless otherwise defined in this part and except for oilseeds or cereal grains for which 1 000 seeds/grains weigh less than 10 g (‘small particle oilseeds or cereal grains’)
For these small particle oilseeds or cereal grains the incremental sample shall be about 25 g.
In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample shall depend on the weight of the retail/individual package.
In the case of retail/individual packages of more than 100 g (or 25 g in the case of small particle oilseeds or cereal grains), this will result in aggregate samples weighing more than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2 of point A.2. If the weight of a single retail/individual package is much more (i.e. more than double) than 100 g (or 25 g in the case of small particle oilseeds or cereal grains), 100 g (or 25 g in the case of small particle oilseeds or cereal grains) shall be taken from each retail/individual package as an incremental sample. This may be done either when the sample is taken or in the laboratory.
However, in cases where such method of sampling would lead to unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, or other reasons), an alternative method of sampling may be applied. In particular, in case where a valuable product is marketed in retail/individual packages of 500 g or 1 kg, the aggregate sample can be obtained by the aggregation of a number of incremental samples that is smaller than the number indicated in tables 1 and 2, on the condition that the weight of the aggregate sample is equal to the required weight of the aggregate sample mentioned in those tables.
Where the retail/individual packages are less than 100 g (or 25 g in the case of small particle oilseeds or cereal grains) and if the difference is not very large (i.e. not less than half of 100 g or 25 g) one retail/individual package is to be considered as one incremental sample, resulting in an aggregate sample of less than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2. If the weight of the retail/individual packages are much less than 100 g (or 25 g in the case of small particle oilseeds or cereal grains), one incremental sample consists of two or more retail/individual packages, whereby the 100 g (or 25 g in the case of small particle oilseeds or cereal grains) are approximated as closely as possible.
A.2. General survey of the method of sampling for cereals, oilseeds other than groundnuts, cereal products and oilseed products, other than groundnut products
Table 1
Subdivision of lots into sublots depending on product and lot weight
Commodity
Lot weight (tonne)
Weight or number of sublots
No incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
Cereals, oilseeds other than groundnuts, cereal products and oilseed products, other than groundnut products
> 300 and < 1 500
3 sublots
100
10
2,5 for small particle oilseeds or cereal grains
≥ 100 and ≤ 300
100 tonnes
100
10
2,5 for small particle oilseeds or cereal grains
< 100
—
3 -100 ( *1 )
1 -10
0,25 – 2,5 for small particle oilseeds or cereal grains
A.3. Method of sampling for cereals, oilseeds other than groundnuts, cereal products and oilseed products, other than groundnut products for lots ≥ 50 tonnes
—
On condition that the sublot can be separated physically, each lot shall be subdivided into sublots according to Table 1. Taking into account that the weight of the lot is not always an exact multiple of the weight of the sublots, the weight of the sublot may exceed the mentioned weight by a maximum of 20 %. In case the lot is not or cannot be physically separated into sublots, a minimum of 100 incremental samples is taken from the lot. For lots > 500 tonnes, the number of incremental samples is provided for in point N.2.
—
Each sublot shall be sampled separately.
—
Number of incremental samples: 100. Weight of the aggregate sample = 10 kg (or 2,5 kg in the case of small particle cereals and oilseeds).
—
If it is not possible to carry out the method of sampling set out in this point because of the unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.) an alternative method of sampling may be applied provided that it is as representative as possible and is fully described and documented. An alternative method of sampling may also be applied in cases where it is practically impossible to apply the abovementioned method of sampling. This is the case where large lots of cereals are stored in warehouses or where cereals are stored in silos ( 2 ) . The sampling of such lots shall be performed in accordance with the rules set out in part N.
A.4. Method of sampling for cereals, oilseeds other than groundnuts, cereal products and oilseed products, other than groundnut products for lots < 50 tonnes
For lots of cereals, oilseeds other than groundnuts, cereal products and oilseed products, other than groundnut products less than 50 tonnes, the sampling plan shall be used with 10 to 100 incremental samples, depending on the lot weight, resulting in an aggregate sample of 1 to 10 kg (or 0,25 – 2,5 kg in the case of small particle oilseeds or cereal grains). For very small lots (≤ 0,5 tonnes) a lower number of incremental samples may be taken, but the aggregate sample combining all incremental samples shall also be in that case at least 1 kg (or 0,25 kg in the case of small particle cereals and oilseeds) and for the determination of ergot sclerotia, at least 1 kg.
The figures in Table 2 shall be used to determine the number of incremental samples to be taken.
Table 2
Number of incremental samples to be taken depending on the weight of the lot of cereals, oilseeds other than groundnuts, cereal products and oilseed products, other than groundnut products
Lot weight (tonnes)
Number of incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight(kg) ( *2 )
Aggregate sample weight(kg) ( *2 ) for small particle oilseeds or cereal grains
≤ 0,05
3
1
0,25
> 0,05 -≤ 0,5
5
1
0,25
> 0,5 -≤ 1
10
1
0,25
> 1 -≤ 3
20
2
0,5
> 3 -≤ 10
40
4
1,0
> 10 -≤ 20
60
6
1,5
> 20 -≤ 100
100
10
2,5
A.5. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part A.
Where that is not possible, an alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be applied provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented. In any case, the aggregate sample shall be at least 1 kg ( 3 ) .
A.6. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
Control of ergot sclerotia
From the aggregate sample, 2 subsamples of at least 0,5 kg shall be taken for examination. One subsample shall be examined. In case the result of the subsamples is equal or below 50 % (analytical threshold) of the maximum level, the sample is compliant with the maximum level. If the result is above 50 % of the maximum level, another subsample needs to be examined and the average of the result of the 2 subsamples is used for checking compliance with the maximum level. The following outcomes shall be derived:
—
acceptance if the first subsample contains less than 50 % of the maximum level of ergot sclerotia or if the average of two subsamples conforms to the maximum level;
—
rejection if the average of two subsamples exceeds the maximum level.
Control of mycotoxins
The following outcomes shall be derived:
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty;
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
B. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR DRIED FRUIT AND DERIVED/PROCESSED PRODUCTS WITH THE EXCEPTION OF DRIED FIGS
This method of sampling is of application for the official control of levels of mycotoxins in dried fruit and derived/processed products, with the exception of dried figs and derived/processed products (part II.C of this Annex).
B.1. Weight of the incremental sample
The weight of the incremental sample shall be about 100 g, unless otherwise defined in this part II.B
In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample depends on the weight of the retail/individual package.
In the case of retail/individual packages of more than 100 g, this will result in aggregate samples weighing more than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2 of this part B. If the weight of a single retail/individual package is much more (more than double) than 100 g, then 100 g shall be taken from each individual retail/individual package as an incremental sample. This can be done either when the sample is taken or in the laboratory. However, in cases where such method of sampling would lead to unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.) then an alternative method of sampling can be applied. For example, in case where a valuable product is marketed in retail/individual packages of 500 g or 1 kg, the aggregate sample can be obtained by the aggregation of a number of incremental samples that is smaller than the number indicated in tables 1 and 2 of this part on the condition that the weight of the aggregate sample corresponds to the required weight of the aggregate sample mentioned in tables 1 and 2 of this part B.
Where the retail/individual packages are less than 100 g and if the difference is not very large (i.e. not less than half of 100 g) one retail/individual package shall be considered as one incremental sample, resulting in an aggregate sample of less than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2 of this part. If the weight of the retail/individual packages are much less than 100 g, one incremental sample shall consist of two or more retail/individual packages, whereby the 100 g are approximated as closely as possible.
B.2. General survey of the method of sampling dried fruit and derived/processed products, with the exception of figs
Table 1
Subdivision of lots into sublots depending on product and lot weight
Commodity
Lot weight (tonnes)
Weight or number of sublots
Number of incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
Dried fruit, except dried figs
≥ 15
15 -30 tonnes
100
10
< 15
—
10 -100 ( *3 )
1 -10
B.3. Method of sampling for dried fruit and derived/processed products (lots ≥ 15 tonnes), with the exception of dried figs
—
On condition that the sublot can be separated physically, each lot shall be subdivided into sublots according to Table 1. Taking into account that the weight of the lot is not always an exact multiple of the weight of the sublots, the weight of the sublot may exceed the mentioned weight by a maximum of 20 %.
—
Each sublot shall be sampled separately.
—
Number of incremental samples: 100. Weight of the aggregate sample = 10 kg.
—
If it is not possible to carry out the method of sampling described above because of the commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.) an alternative method of sampling may be applied provided that it is as representative as possible and is fully described and documented.
B.4. Method of sampling for dried fruit and derived/processed products (lots < 15 tonnes), with the exception of dried figs
For dried fruit lots, with the exception of figs, under 15 tonnes the sampling plan shall be used with 10 to 100 incremental samples, depending on the lot weight, resulting in an aggregate sample of 1 to 10 kg.
The figures in the following table can be used to determine the number of incremental samples to be taken.
Table 2
Number of incremental samples to be taken depending on the weight of the lot of dried fruit and derived/processed products except dried figs
Lot weight (tonnes)
Number of incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
≤ 0,1
10
1
> 0,1 -≤ 0,2
15
1,5
> 0,2 -≤ 0,5
20
2
> 0,5 -≤ 1,0
30
3
> 1,0 -≤ 2,0
40
4
> 2,0 -≤ 5,0
60
6
> 5,0 -≤ 10,0
80
8
> 10,0 -≤ 15,0
100
10
B.5. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part B.
Where that is not possible, another alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented. In any case, the aggregate sample shall be at least 1 kg ( 4 ) .
B.6. Specific sampling provisions for dried fruit and derived/processed products with the exception of dried figs traded in vacuum packages
For lots equal to or more than 15 tonnes at least 25 incremental samples resulting in a 10 kg aggregate sample shall be taken and for lots less than 15 tonnes, 25 % of the number of incremental samples mentioned in Table 2 of point B.4 shall be taken resulting in an aggregate sample of which the weight corresponds to the weight of the sampled lot (see Table 2 of point B.4).
B.7. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
The following outcomes shall be derived:
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty;
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
C. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR DRIED FIGS AND DERIVED/PROCESSED PRODUCTS
C.1. Weight of the incremental sample
The weight of the incremental sample shall be about 300 g, unless otherwise defined in part II.C.
In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample depends on the weight of the retail/individual package.
In the case of retail/individual packages of more than 300 g, this will result in aggregate samples weighing more than the required weight indicated in tables 1, 2 and 3. If the weight of a single retail/individual package is much more (i.e. more than double) than 300 g, then 300 g shall be taken from each individual retail/individual package as an incremental sample. This can be done either when the sample is taken or in the laboratory. However, in cases where such method of sampling would lead to unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.), then an alternative method of sampling can be applied. For example, in case where a valuable product is marketed in retail/individual packages of 500 g or 1 kg, the aggregate sample can be obtained by the aggregation of a number of incremental samples that is smaller than the number indicated in tables 1, 2 and 3, on the condition that the weight of the aggregate sample corresponds to the required weight of the aggregate sample mentioned in tables 1, 2 and 3.
Where the retail/individual packages are less than 300 g and if the difference is not very large (i.e. not less than half of 300 g) one retail/individual package shall be considered as one incremental sample, resulting in an aggregate sample of less than the required weight indicated in tables 1, 2 and 3. If the weight of the retail/individual packages are much less than 300 g, one incremental sample shall consist of two or more retail/individual packages, whereby the 300 g are approximated as closely as possible.
C.2. General survey of the method of sampling for dried figs
Table 1
Subdivision of lots into sublots depending on product and lot weight
Commodity
Lot weight (tonne)
Weight or number of sublots
No incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
Dried figs
≥ 15
15 -30 tonnes
100
30
< 15
—
10 -100 ( *4 )
≤ 30
C.3. Method of sampling for dried figs (lots ≥ 15 tonnes)
—
On condition that the sublot can be separated physically, each lot shall be subdivided into sublots according to Table 1. Taking into account that the weight of the lot is not always an exact multiple of the weight of the sublots, the weight of the sublot may exceed the mentioned weight by a maximum of 20 %.
—
Each sublot shall be sampled separately.
—
Number of incremental samples: 100
—
Weight of the aggregate sample = 30 kg, which shall be mixed and divided into three equal laboratory samples of 10 kg before grinding (this division into three laboratory samples is not necessary in case of dried figs subjected to further sorting or other physical treatment and availability of equipment which is able to homogenise a 30 kg sample).
—
Each laboratory sample of 10 kg shall be separately ground finely and mixed thoroughly to achieve complete homogenisation, in accordance with the provisions laid down in Annex II.
—
If it is not possible to carry out the method of sampling described above because of the unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.) an alternative method of sampling may be applied provided that it is as representative as possible and fully described and documented.
C.4. Method of sampling for dried figs (lots < 15 tonnes)
The number of incremental samples to be taken depends on the weight of the lot, with a minimum of 10 and a maximum of 100.
The figures in the following Table 2 may be used to determine the number of incremental samples to be taken and the subsequent division of the aggregate sample.
Table 2
Number of incremental samples to be taken depending on the weight of the lot and number of subdivisions of the aggregate sample
Lot weight (tonnes)
No of incremental samples
(for retail/individual packages see also point C.1)
Aggregate sample weight (kg) (in case of retail/individual packages, weight of aggregate sample can diverge – see point C.1)
No of laboratory samples from aggregate sample
≤ 0,1
10
3
1 (no division)
> 0,1 – ≤ 0,2
15
4,5
1 (no division)
> 0,2 – ≤ 0,5
20
6
1 (no division)
> 0,5 – ≤ 1,0
30
9 (- < 12 kg)
1 (no division)
> 1,0 – ≤ 2,0
40
12
2
> 2,0 – ≤ 5,0
60
18 (- < 24 kg)
2
> 5,0 – ≤ 10,0
80
24
3
> 10,0 – ≤ 15,0
100
30
3
—
Weight of the aggregate sample ≤ 30 kg which shall be mixed and divided into two or three equal laboratory samples of ≤ 10 kg before grinding (this division into two or three laboratory samples is not necessary in case of dried figs, subjected to further sorting or other physical treatment and availability of equipment which is able to homogenise up to 30 kg samples).
In cases where the aggregate sample weights are less than 30 kg, the aggregate sample shall be divided into laboratory samples according to the following guidance:
—
< 12 kg: no division into laboratory samples;
—
≥ 12 – < 24 kg: division into two laboratory samples;
—
≥ 24 kg: division into three laboratory samples.
—
Each laboratory sample shall be separately ground finely and mixed thoroughly to achieve complete homogenisation, in accordance with the provisions laid down in Annex II.
—
If it is not possible to carry out the method of sampling described in the previous indent, because of the unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.) an alternative method of sampling may be applied provided that it is as representative as possible and fully described and documented.
C.5. Method of sampling for derived/processed products and compound foods
C.5.1. Derived/processed products with very small particle size (homogeneous distribution of mycotoxin contamination)
—
In many cases, lots of fig pastes have no homogenous distribution of mycotoxin contamination and therefore in the case of fig paste, the method of sampling and acceptance as for dried figs (under points C.3 and C.4) shall be applied.
—
Number of incremental samples: 100. For lots of under 50 tons the number of incremental samples shall be 10 to 100, depending on the lot weight (see following Table 3).
Table 3
Number of incremental samples to be taken depending on the weight of the lot
Lot weight (tonnes)
No of incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
≤ 1
10
1
> 1 – ≤ 3
20
2
> 3 – ≤ 10
40
4
> 10 – ≤ 20
60
6
> 20 – ≤ 50
100
10
—
The weight of the incremental sample shall be about 100 g. In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample depends on the weight of the retail/individual package.
—
Weight of aggregate sample = 1-10 kg sufficiently mixed.
C.5.2. Other derived/processed products with a relatively large particle size (heterogeneous distribution of mycotoxin contamination)
Method of sampling and acceptance as for dried figs (points C.3 and C.4).
C.6. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part C.
Where that is not possible, other effective methods of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that they ensure that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and fully described and documented. In any case, the aggregate sample shall be at least 1 kg ( 5 ) .
C.7. Specific method of sampling of dried figs and derived/processed products traded in vacuum packages
C.7.1. Dried figs
For lots equal to or more than 15 tonnes, at least 50 incremental samples resulting in a 30 kg aggregate sample shall be taken, and for lots of less than 15 tonnes, 50 % of the number of incremental samples mentioned in Table 2 shall be taken resulting in an aggregate sample of which the weight corresponds to the weight of the sampled lot (see Table 2).
C.7.2. Products derived/processed from dried figs with small particle size
For lots equal to or more than 50 tonnes, at least 25 incremental samples resulting in a 10 kg aggregate sample shall be taken and for lots less than 50 tonnes, 25 % of the number of incremental samples mentioned in Table 3 shall be taken resulting in an aggregate sample of which the weight corresponds to the weight of the sampled lot (see Table 3).
C.8. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
The following outcomes shall be derived:
For dried figs:
—
acceptance if none of the laboratory samples exceeds the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty;
—
rejection if one or more of the laboratory samples exceed(s) the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
In cases where the aggregate sample is 12 kg or less
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty,
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
D. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR GROUNDNUTS (PEANUTS), APRICOT KERNELS, TREE NUTS AND DRIED SPICES WITH LARGE PARTICLE SIZE AND DERIVED/PROCESSED PRODUCTS
This method of sampling is of application for the official control of the levels of mycotoxins in groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size and derived/processed products. This method of sampling is also of application for the official control of the level of mycotoxins in spices with a relatively large particle size, i.e. particle size comparable with peanuts or larger such as nutmeg.
D.1. Weight of the incremental sample
The weight of the incremental sample shall be about 200 g, unless otherwise defined in this part D.
In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample depends on the weight of the retail/individual package.
In the case of retail/individual packages of more than 200 g, this will result in aggregate samples weighing more than the required weight indicated in tables 1, 2 and 3. If the weight of a single retail/individual package is much more than 200 g, then 200 g shall be taken from each individual retail/individual package as an incremental sample. This can be done either when the sample is taken or in the laboratory. However, in cases where such method of sampling would lead to unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.), then an alternative method of sampling can be applied. For example, in case where a valuable product is marketed in retail/individual packages of 500 g or 1 kg, the aggregate sample can be obtained by the aggregation of a number of incremental samples that is smaller than the number indicated in tables 1, 2 and 3, on the condition that the weight of the aggregate sample corresponds to the required weight of the aggregate sample mentioned in tables 1, 2 and 3.
Where the retail/individual packages are less than 200 g and if the difference is not very large (i.e. not less than half of 200 g), one retail/individual package shall be considered as one incremental sample, resulting in an aggregate sample of less than the required weight indicated in tables 1, 2 and 3. If the weight of the retail/individual packages are much less than 200 g, one incremental sample shall consist of two or more retail/individual packages, whereby the 200 g are approximated as closely as possible.
D.2. General survey of the method of sampling for groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size
Table 1
Subdivision of lots into sublots depending on product and lot weight
Commodity
Lot weight (tonne)
Weight or number of sublots
No incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
Groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size
≥ 500
100 tonnes
100
20
> 125 and < 500
5 sublots
100
20
≥ 15 and ≤ 125
25 tonnes
100
20
< 15
—
10 -100 ( *5 )
≤ 20
D.3. Method of sampling for groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size (lots ≥ 15 tonnes)
—
On condition that the sublot can be separated physically, each lot shall be subdivided into sublots following Table 1. Taking into account that the weight of the lot is not always an exact multiple of the weight of the sublots, the weight of the sublot may exceed the mentioned weight by a maximum of 20 %.
—
Each sublot shall be sampled separately.
—
Number of incremental samples: 100.
—
Weight of the aggregate sample = 20 kg which shall be mixed and divided into two equal laboratory samples of 10 kg before grinding (this division into two laboratory samples is not necessary in case of groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size subjected to further sorting or other physical treatment and of the availability of equipment which is able to homogenise a 20 kg sample).
—
Each laboratory sample of 10 kg shall be separately ground finely and mixed thoroughly to achieve complete homogenisation, in accordance with the provisions laid down in Annex II.
—
If it is not possible to carry out the method of sampling described above because of the commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.) an alternative method of sampling may be applied provided that it is as representative as possible and is fully described and documented.
D.4. Method of sampling for groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size (lots < 15 tonnes)
The number of incremental samples to be taken depends on the weight of the lot, with a minimum of 10 and a maximum of 100.
The figures in the following Table 2 may be used to determine the number of incremental samples to be taken and the subsequent division of the aggregate sample.
Table 2
Number of incremental samples to be taken depending on the weight of the lot and number of subdivisions of the aggregate sample
Lot weight (tonnes)
No of incremental samples
(for retail/individual packages see also point D.1)
Aggregate sample weight (kg) (in case of retail/individual packages, weight of aggregate sample can diverge – see point D.1)
No of laboratory samples from aggregate sample
≤ 0,1
10
2
1 (no division)
> 0,1 – ≤ 0,2
15
3
1 (no division)
> 0,2 – ≤ 0,5
20
4
1 (no division)
> 0,5 – ≤ 1,0
30
6
1 (no division)
> 1,0 – ≤ 2,0
40
8 (- < 12 kg)
1 (no division)
> 2,0 – ≤ 5,0
60
12
2
> 5,0 – ≤ 10,0
80
16
2
> 10,0 – ≤ 15,0
100
20
2
—
Weight of the aggregate sample ≤ 20 kg which shall be mixed and if necessary divided into two equal laboratory samples of ≤ 10 kg before grinding (this division into two laboratory samples is not necessary in case of groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size subjected to further sorting or other physical treatment and of the availability of equipment which is able to homogenise up to 20 kg samples).
—
In cases where the aggregate sample weights are less than 20 kg, the aggregate sample shall be divided into laboratory samples according to following guidance:
—
< 12 kg: no division into laboratory samples;
—
≥ 12 kg: division into two laboratory samples.
—
Each laboratory sample shall be separately ground finely and mixed thoroughly to achieve complete homogenisation, in accordance with the provisions laid down in Annex II.
—
If it is not possible to carry out the method of sampling described above because of the unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.) an alternative method of sampling may be applied provided that it is as representative as possible and is fully described and documented.
D.5. Method of sampling for derived/processed products, with the exception of vegetable oil, and compound foods
D.5.1. Derived/processed products (other than vegetable oil) with small particle size, i.e. flour, peanut butter (homogeneous distribution of mycotoxin contamination) and compound foods
—
Number of incremental samples: 100; for lots of under 50 tons the number of incremental samples shall be 10 to 100, depending on the lot weight (see Table 3),
Table 3
Number of incremental samples to be taken depending on the weight of the lot
Lot weight (tonnes)
No of incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
≤ 1
10
1
> 1 – ≤ 3
20
2
> 3 – ≤ 10
40
4
> 10 – ≤ 20
60
6
> 20 – ≤ 50
100
10
—
The weight of the incremental sample shall be about 100 g. In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample depends on the weight of the retail/individual package,
—
Weight of aggregate sample = 1-10 kg sufficiently mixed,
D.5.2. Derived/processed products with a relatively large particle size (heterogeneous distribution of mycotoxin contamination) and compound foods
Method of sampling and acceptance as for groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and spices with large particle size (points D.3 and D.4).
D.6. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part D.
Where that is not possible, other effective methods of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that they ensure that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented. In any case, the aggregate sample shall be at least 1 kg ( 6 ) .
D.7. Specific method of sampling for groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size and derived/processed products traded in vacuum packages
D.7.1. Pistachios, groundnuts (peanuts), Brazil nuts
For lots equal to or more than 15 tonnes at least 50 incremental samples resulting in a 20 kg aggregate sample shall be taken and for lots of less than 15 tonnes, 50 % of the number of incremental samples mentioned in Table 2 shall be taken resulting in an aggregate sample of which the weight corresponds to the weight of the sampled lot (see Table 2).
D.7.2. Apricot kernels, tree nuts other than pistachios and Brazil nuts, dried spices with large particle size
For lots equal to or more than 15 tonnes at least 25 incremental samples resulting in a 20 kg aggregate sample shall be taken and for lots less than 15 tonnes, 25 % of the number of incremental samples mentioned in Table 2 shall be taken resulting in an aggregate sample of which the weight corresponds to the weight of the sampled lot (see Table 2).
D.7.3. Products derived/processed from groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size
For lots equal to or more than 50 tonnes at least 25 incremental samples resulting in a 10 kg aggregate sample shall be taken and for lots less than 50 tonnes, 25 % of the number of incremental samples mentioned in Table 3 shall be taken resulting in an aggregate sample of which the weight corresponds to the weight of the sampled lot (see Table 3).
D.8. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
For groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels and tree nuts subjected to a sorting or other physical treatment:
—
acceptance if the aggregate sample or the average of the laboratory samples conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty,
—
rejection if the aggregate sample or the average of the laboratory samples exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
For groundnuts (peanuts), apricot kernels, tree nuts and dried spices with large particle size placed on the market for the final consumer or for use as ingredient in foods
—
acceptance if none of the laboratory samples exceeds the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty,
—
rejection if one or both of the laboratory samples exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
In cases where the aggregate sample is 12 kg or less:
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty,
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
E. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR DRIED SPICES EXCEPT DRIED SPICES WITH LARGE PARTICLE SIZE AND POWDERED SPICES
This method of sampling is of application for the official control of the levels of mycotoxins in spices. However, dried spices with a relatively large particle size, i.e. particle size comparable with peanuts or larger such as nutmeg with heterogeneous distribution of mycotoxin contamination, the method of sampling provided in part D of this Annex shall apply. For powdered spices (spices in powder), the method of sampling provided in part M of this Annex shall be applied.
E.1. Weight of the incremental sample
The weight of the incremental sample shall be about 100 g, unless otherwise defined in this part E.
In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample depends on the weight of the retail/individual package.
In the case of retail/individual packages of > 100 g, this will result in aggregate samples weighing more than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2. If the weight of a single retail/individual package is >> 100 g, then 100 g shall be taken from each individual retail/individual package as an incremental sample. This can be done either when the sample is taken or in the laboratory. However, in cases where such method of sampling would lead to unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.), then an alternative method of sampling can be applied. For example, in case where a valuable product is marketed in retail/individual packages of 500 g or 1 kg, the aggregate sample can be obtained by the aggregation of a number of incremental samples that is smaller than the number indicated in tables 1 and 2, on the condition that the weight of the aggregate sample corresponds to the required weight of the aggregate sample mentioned in tables 1 and 2.
Where the retail/individual packages are less than 100 g and if the difference is not very large (i.e. not less than half of 100 g), one retail/individual package shall be considered as one incremental sample, resulting in an aggregate sample of less than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2. If the weight of the retail/individual packages are much less than 100 g, one incremental sample shall consist of two or more retail/individual packages, whereby the 100 g are approximated as closely as possible.
E.2. General survey of the method of sampling for dried spices except dried spices with large particle size and powdered spices.
Table 1
Subdivision of lots into sublots depending on product and lot weight
Commodity
Lot weight (tonnes)
Weight or number of sublots
Number of incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
Dried spices
≥ 15
25 tonnes
100
10
< 15
—
5 -100 ( *6 )
0,5 -10
E.3. Method of sampling for dried spices except dried spices with large particle size and powdered spices (lots ≥ 15 tonnes).
—
On condition that the sublot can be separated physically, each lot shall be subdivided into sublots following Table 1. Taking into account that the weight of the lot is not always an exact multiple of the weight of the sublots, the weight of the sublot may exceed the mentioned weight by a maximum of 20 %.
—
Each sublot shall be sampled separately.
—
Number of incremental samples: 100. Weight of the aggregate sample = 10 kg.
—
If it is not possible to carry out the method of sampling described above because of the unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.) an alternative method of sampling may be applied provided that it is as representative as possible and is fully described and documented.
E.4. Method of sampling for dried spices except dried spices with large particle size and powdered spices (lots < 15 tonnes)
For lots of dried spices less than 15 tonnes the sampling plan shall be used with 5 to 100 incremental samples, depending on the lot weight, resulting in an aggregate sample of 0,5 to 10 kg.
The figures in the following Table 2 can be used to determine the number of incremental samples to be taken.
Table 2
Number of incremental samples to be taken depending on the weight of the lot of dried spices
Lot weight (tonnes)
Number of incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
≤ 0,01
5
0,5
> 0,01 -≤ 0,1
10
1
> 0,1 -≤ 0,2
15
1,5
> 0,2 -≤ 0,5
20
2
> 0,5 -≤ 1,0
30
3
> 1,0 -≤ 2,0
40
4
> 2,0 -≤ 5,0
60
6
> 5,0 -≤ 10,0
80
8
> 10,0 -≤ 15,0
100
10
E.5. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part E.
Where that is not possible, an alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented. In any case, the aggregate sample shall be at least 0,5 kg ( 7 ) .
E.6. Specific method of sampling for dried spices except dried spices with large particle size and powdered spices traded in vacuum packages
For lots equal to or more than 15 tonnes at least 25 incremental samples resulting in a 10 kg aggregate sample shall be taken and for lots less than 15 tonnes, 25 % of the number of incremental samples mentioned in Table 2 shall be taken resulting in an aggregate sample of which the weight corresponds to the weight of the sampled lot (see Table 2).
E.7. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty;
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
F. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS; INFANT FORMULA, FOLLOW-ON FORMULA, FOODS FOR SPECIAL MEDICAL PURPOSES INTENDED FOR INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN AND YOUNG CHILD FORMULA
F.1. Method of sampling for milk, milk products, infant formula, follow-on formula, foods for special medical purposes intended for infants and young children and young child formula.
The aggregate sample shall be at least 1 kg or 1 litre except where it is not possible e.g. when the sample consists of one bottle.
The minimum number of incremental samples to be taken from the lot shall be as given in Table 1. The number of incremental samples determined is function of the usual form in which the products concerned are commercialised. In the case of bulk liquid products, the lot shall be thoroughly mixed insofar as possible and insofar it does not affect the quality of the product, by either manual or mechanical means immediately prior to sampling. In this case, a homogeneous distribution of mycotoxins is assumed within a given lot. It is therefore sufficient to take three incremental samples from a lot to form the aggregate sample.
The incremental samples, which might frequently be a bottle or a package, shall be of similar weight. The weight of an incremental sample shall be at least 100 g, resulting in an aggregate sample of at least about 1 kg or 1 litre. Departure from this method shall be recorded in the record provided for under part I point A.1.8 of this Annex.
Table 1
Minimum number of incremental samples to be taken from the lot
Form of commercialisation
Volume or weight of lot (in litre or kg)
Minimum number of incremental samples to be taken
Minimum volume or weight of aggregate sample (in litre or kg)
Bulk
—
3 -5
1
Bottles/packages
≤ 50
3
1
Bottles/packages
50 to 500
5
1
Bottles/packages
> 500
10
1
F.2. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part F.
Where that is not possible, an alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented ( 8 ) .
F.3. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty;
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
G. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR COFFEE, COFFEE PRODUCTS, COCOA, COCOA PRODUCTS, LIQUORICE ROOT AND LIQUORICE PRODUCTS
This method of sampling is of application for the official control of levels of mycotoxins in coffee, coffee products, cocoa, cocoa products, liquorice root and liquorice products. As regards coffee, coffee products, cocoa and cocoa products the method of sampling provided in this part G is applicable to solid (dried) products. For beverages (liquid), the method of sampling provided in part H is applicable.
G.1. Weight of the incremental sample
The weight of the incremental sample shall be about 100 g, unless otherwise defined in this part G.
In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample shall depend on the weight of the retail/individual package.
In the case of retail/individual packages of more than 100 g, this will result in aggregate samples weighing more than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2. If the weight of a single retail/individual package is much more than 100 g, then 100 g shall be taken from each individual retail/individual package as an incremental sample. This can be done either when the sample is taken or in the laboratory. However, in cases where such method of sampling would lead to unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.), then an alternative method of sampling can be applied. For example, in case where a valuable product is marketed in retail/individual packages of 500 g or 1 kg, the aggregate sample can be obtained by the aggregation of a number of incremental samples that is smaller than the number indicated in tables 1 and 2, on the condition that the weight of the aggregate sample corresponds to the required weight of the aggregate sample mentioned in tables 1 and 2.
Where the retail/individual packages are less than 100 g and if the difference is not very large (i.e. not less than half of 100 g), one retail/individual package shall be considered as one incremental sample, resulting in an aggregate sample of less than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2. If the weight of the retail/individual packages are much less than 100 g, one incremental sample shall consist of two or more retail/individual packages, whereby the 100 g are approximated as closely as possible.
G.2. General survey of the method of sampling for coffee, coffee products, cocoa, cocoa products, liquorice root and liquorice products
Table 1
Subdivision of lots into sublots depending on product and lot weight
Commodity
Lot weight (ton)
Weight or number of sublots
No incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
Coffee, coffee products, cocoa, cocoa products, liquorice root and liquorice products
≥ 15
15 -30 tonnes
100
10
< 15
—
10 -100 ( *7 )
1 -10
G.3. Method of sampling for coffee, coffee products, cocoa, cocoa products, liquorice root and liquorice products (lots ≥ 15 tonnes)
—
On condition that the sublot can be separated physically, each lot shall be subdivided into sublots following Table 1. Taking into account that the weight of the lot is not always an exact multiple of the weight of the sublots, the weight of the sublot may vary from the mentioned weight by a maximum of 20 %.
—
Each sublot shall be sampled separately,
—
Number of incremental samples: 100,
—
Weight of the aggregate sample = 10 kg,
—
If it is not possible to carry out the method of sampling described above because of the unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.) an alternative method of sampling may be applied provided that it is as representative as possible and is fully described and documented.
G.4. Method of sampling for coffee, coffee products, cocoa, cocoa products, liquorice root and liquorice products (lots < 15 tonnes)
For coffee, coffee products, cocoa, cocoa products, liquorice root and liquorice products under 15 tonnes the sampling plan shall be used with 10 to 100 incremental samples, depending on the lot weight, resulting in an aggregate sample of 1 to 10 kg.
The figures in the following Table 2 can be used to determine the number of incremental samples to be taken.
Table 2
Number of incremental samples to be taken depending on the weight of the lot of coffee, coffee products, cocoa, cocoa products, liquorice root and liquorice products
Lot weight (tonnes)
No of incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
≤ 0,1
10
1
> 0,1 – ≤ 0,2
15
1,5
> 0,2 – ≤ 0,5
20
2
> 0,5 – ≤ 1,0
30
3
> 1,0 – ≤ 2,0
40
4
> 2,0 – ≤ 5,0
60
6
> 5,0 – ≤ 10,0
80
8
> 10,0 – ≤ 15,0
100
10
G.5. Method of sampling for coffee, coffee products, cocoa, cocoa products, liquorice root and liquorice products traded in vacuum packages
For lots equal to or more than 15 tonnes at least 25 incremental samples resulting in a 10 kg aggregate sample shall be taken and for lots less than 15 tonnes, 25 % of the number of incremental samples mentioned in Table 2 shall be taken resulting in an aggregate sample of which the weight corresponds to the weight of the sampled lot (see Table 2).
G.6. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part G.
Where that is not possible, an alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented. In any case, the aggregate sample shall be at least 1 kg ( 9 ) .
G.7. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty,
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
H. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR BEVERAGES
This method of sampling is of application for the official control of the levels of mycotoxins in beverages, with the exception of milk.
H.1. Method of sampling
The aggregate sample shall be at least one litre except where it is not possible e.g. when the sample consists of one bottle.
The minimum number of incremental samples to be taken from the lot shall be as given in Table 1. The number of incremental samples determined is function of the usual form in which the products concerned are commercialised. In the case of bulk liquid products the lot shall be thoroughly mixed insofar as possible and insofar it does not affect the quality of the product, by either manual or mechanical means immediately prior to sampling. In this case, a homogeneous distribution of mycotoxins can be assumed within a given lot. It is therefore sufficient to take three incremental samples from a lot to form the aggregate sample.
The incremental samples, which might frequently be a bottle or a package, shall be of similar volume. The volume of an incremental sample shall be at least 100 millilitre, resulting in an aggregate sample of at least about 1 litre. Departure from this method shall be recorded in the record provided for under part I point A.1.8 of this Annex.
Table 1
Minimum number of incremental samples to be taken from the lot
Form of commercialisation
Volume of lot (in litres)
Minimum number of incremental samples to be taken
Minimum volume of the aggregate sample (in litres)
Bulk
—
3
1
Bottles/packages (beverages other than wine)
≤ 50
3
1
Bottles/packages (beverages other than wine)
50 to 500
5
1
Bottles/packages (beverages other than wine)
> 500
10
1
Bottles/packages wine
≤ 50
1
1
Bottles/packages wine
50 to 500
2
1
Bottles/packages wine
> 500
3
1
H.2. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part H ( 10 ) .
Where that is not possible, an alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented.
H.3. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty,
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
I. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR SOLID PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS
This method of sampling is of application for the official control of the levels of mycotoxins in solid processed fruit (with the exception of processed products from dried fruit which fall under parts B and C of this Annex) and vegetable products, including solid processed fruit and vegetable products for infants and young children.
I.1. Method of sampling
The aggregate sample shall be at least 1 kg, except where it is not possible e.g. when sampling a single package.
The minimum number of incremental samples to be taken from the lot shall be as given in Table 1.
The incremental samples shall be of similar weight. The weight of an incremental sample shall be at least 100 g, resulting in an aggregate sample of at least 1 kg. Departure from this method shall be recorded in the record provided for under part I point A.1.8 of this Annex.
Table 1
Minimum number of incremental samples to be taken from the lot
Weight of lot (in kg)
Minimum number of incremental samples to be taken
Aggregate sample weight(kg)
< 50
3
1
50 to 500
5
1
> 500
10
1
If the lot consists of individual packages, then the number of packages, which shall be taken to form the aggregate sample, is given in Table 2.
Table 2
Number of packages (incremental samples) which shall be taken to form the aggregate sample if the lot consists of individual packages
Number of packages or units in the lot
Number of packages or units to be taken
Aggregate sample weight(kg)
1 to 25
1 package or unit
1
26 to 100
about 5 %, at least two packages or units
1
> 100
about 5 %, at maximum 10 packages or units
1
I.2. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part I.
Where that is not possible, an alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented ( 11 ) .
I.3. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the measurement uncertainty and correction for recovery,
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the measurement uncertainty and correction for recovery. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
J. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR BABY FOODS AND PROCESSED CEREAL BASED FOODS FOR INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN
This method of sampling is of application for the official control of the levels of mycotoxins in baby foods and processed cereal based foods for infants and young children, with the exception of beverages referred to in part H and solid processed fruit and vegetable products referred to in part I of this Annex.
J.1. Method of sampling
—
The method of sampling for cereals and cereal products as set out in point A.4 in part II of this Annex shall apply to food intended for infants and young children. Accordingly, the number of incremental samples to be taken shall depend on the weight of the lot, with a minimum of 10 and a maximum of 100, in accordance with Table 2 at point A.4 in part II of this Annex. For very small lots (≤ 0,5 tonnes) a lower number of incremental samples may be taken, but the aggregate sample uniting all incremental samples shall be also in that case at least 1 kg.
—
weight of the incremental sample shall be about 100 g. In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample shall depend on the weight of the retail/individual package and in case of very small lots (≤ 0,5 tonnes) the incremental samples shall have a weight as such that uniting the incremental samples results in an aggregate sample of at least 1 kg. Departure from this method shall be recorded in the record provided for under part I point A.1.8 of this Annex.
—
weight of aggregate sample = 1-10 kg sufficiently mixed.
J.2. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part J.
Where that is not possible, an alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented ( 12 ) .
J.3. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty;
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
K. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR VEGETABLE OILS
K.1. Method of sampling for vegetable oils
—
The weight of the incremental sample shall be at least about 100 g (ml) (depending of the nature of the lot e.g. vegetable oil in bulk, at least 3 incremental samples of about 350 ml have to be taken), resulting in an aggregate sample of at least 1 kg (litre).
—
On condition that the sublot can be separated physically, each lot shall be subdivided into sublots following Table 1. Taking into account that the weight of the lot is not always an exact multiple of the weight of the sublots, the weight of the sublot may exceed the mentioned weight by a maximum of 20 %. In case the lot is not or cannot be physically separated into sublots, a minimum of 3 incremental samples is taken from the lot.
—
The minimum number of incremental samples to be taken from the lot shall be as given in Table 2. The lot shall be thoroughly mixed insofar possible by either manual or mechanical means immediately prior to sampling. In this case, a homogeneous distribution of mycotoxins can be assumed within a given lot, it is therefore sufficient to take three incremental samples from a lot to form the aggregate sample.
Table 1
Subdivision of lots into sublots depending on lot weight
Commodity
Lot weight (tonne)
Weight or number of sublots
Minimum No incremental samples
Minimum aggregate sample weight (kg)
Vegetable oils
≥ 1 500
500 tonnes
3
1
> 300 and < 1 500
3 sublots
3
1
≥ 50 and ≤ 300
100 tonnes
3
1
< 50
—
3
1
Table 2
Minimum number of incremental samples to be taken from the lot
Form of commercialisation
Weight of lot (in kg)
Volume of lot (in litres)
Minimum number of incremental samples to be taken
Bulk ( *8 )
—
3
packages
≤ 50
3
packages
> 50 to 500
5
packages
> 500
10
K.2. Method of sampling for vegetable oils at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part K.
Where that is not possible, other effective methods of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that they ensure that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented. In any case, the aggregate sample shall be at least 1 kg.
K.3. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty,
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
L. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR FOOD SUPPLEMENTS, POLLEN AND POLLEN PRODUCTS
L.1. Weight of incremental sample and method of sampling
The sampling procedure provided for food supplements, pollen and pollen products as capsules/pills is based on retail/individual packages containing usually 30 to 120 capsules/pills per retail/individual package
Lot size (number of retail/individual packages)
Number of retail/individual packages to be taken for sample
Sample size (minimum amount of the aggregate sample)
1 -50
1
Food supplements as capsules/pills: Total content of the retail/individual package
Other forms of food supplements – incremental samples of approx. 20 g or 20 ml
—
100 g for food supplements containing herbal/plant based ingredients including extracts (minimum 5 incremental samples)
—
50 g or 50 ml for other food supplements (minimum 3 incremental samples)
51 -250
2
Food supplements as capsules/pills: total content of the two retail/individual packages
Other forms of food supplements – incremental samples of approx. 20 g or 20 ml
—
200 g for food supplements containing herbal/plant based ingredients including extracts (minimum 10 incremental samples)
—
100 g or 100 ml for other food supplements (minimum 5 incremental samples)
251 -1 000
4
Food supplements as capsules/pills: from each retail/individual package taken for sample, half of the capsules/pills
Other forms of food supplements – incremental samples of approx. 20 g or 20 ml
—
200 g for food supplements containing herbal/plant based ingredients including extracts (minimum 10 incremental samples)
—
100 g or 100 ml for other food supplements (minimum 5 incremental samples)
> 1 000
4 + 1 retail/individual packages per 1 000 retail/individual packages with a maximum of 25 retail/individual packages
Food supplements as capsules/pills:
≤ 10 retail/individual packages: from each retail/individual package, half of the capsules/pills
> 10 retail/individual packages: from each retail/individual package, an equal number of capsules/pills is taken to result in a sample with the equivalent of the content of retail/individual 5 packages
Other forms of food supplements – incremental samples of approx. 20 g or 20 ml
≤ 10 retail/individual packages:
—
200 g for food supplements containing herbal/plant based ingredients including extracts (minimum 10 incremental samples)
—
100 g or 100 ml for other food supplements (minimum 5 incremental samples)
> 10 retail/individual packages – per 5 retail/individual packages:
—
100 g for food supplements containing herbal/plant based ingredients including extracts (minimum 5 incremental samples)
—
50 g or 50 ml for other food supplements (minimum 3 incremental samples)
Unknown (only applicable for e-commerce)
1
Food supplements as capsules/pills: total content of the package
L.2. Sampling at retail
Sampling of food supplements, pollen and pollen products at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part L.
Where that is not possible, an alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented. In any case, the aggregate sample shall be at least 0,05 kg.
L.3. Acceptance of a lot
—
acceptance if the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty;
—
rejection if the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
M. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR DRIED HERBS, HERBAL INFUSIONS (DRIED PRODUCT), TEAS (DRIED PRODUCT) AND POWDERED SPICES
M.1. Weight of the incremental sample
The weight of the incremental sample shall be about 40 g, unless otherwise defined in this part M.
In the case of lots in retail/individual packages, the weight of the incremental sample depends on the weight of the retail/individual package.
In the case of retail/individual package of > 40 g, this will result in aggregate samples weighing more than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2. If the weight of a single retail/individual package is >> 40 g, then 40 g shall be taken from each individual retail/individual package as an incremental sample. This can be done either when the sample is taken or in the laboratory. However, in cases where such method of sampling would lead to unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport, etc.), then an alternative method of sampling can be applied. For example, in case where a valuable product is marketed in retail/individual packages of 500 g or 1 kg, the aggregate sample can be obtained by the aggregation of a number of incremental samples that is smaller than the number indicated in Tables 1 and 2, on the condition that the weight of the aggregate sample corresponds to the required weight of the aggregate sample mentioned in Tables 1 and 2.
Where the retail/individual packages are less than 40 g and if the difference is not very large (i.e. not less than half of 40 g), one retail/individual package shall be considered as one incremental sample, resulting in an aggregate sample of less than the required weight indicated in tables 1 and 2. If the weight of the retail/individual packages are much less than 40 g, one incremental sample shall consist of two or more retail/individual packages, whereby the 40 g are approximated as closely as possible.
M.2. General survey of the method of sampling for dried herbs, herbal infusions (dried product), teas (dried product) and powdered spices
Table 1
Subdivision of lots into sublots depending on lot weight
Commodity
Lot weight (tonnes)
Weight or number of sublots
Number of incremental samples
Aggregate sample weight (kg)
dried herbs, herbal infusions (dried product) teas (dried product), powdered spices
≥ 15
25 tonnes
50
2
< 15
—
3 – 50 ( *9 )
0,1 – 2,0
M.3. Method of sampling for dried herbs, herbal infusions (dried product), teas (dried product) and powdered spices (lots ≥ 15 tonnes)
On condition that the sublot can be separated physically, each lot shall be subdivided into sublots following Table 1. Taking into account that the weight of the lot is not always an exact multiple of the weight of the sublots, the weight of the sublot may exceed the mentioned weight by a maximum of 20 %.
Each sublot shall be sampled separately.
The number of incremental samples shall be50. The weight of the aggregate sample shall be 2,0 kg.
If it is not possible to carry out the method of sampling described above because of the unacceptable commercial consequences resulting from damage to the lot (because of packaging forms, means of transport or other reasons) an alternative method of sampling may be applied provided that it is as representative as possible and is fully described and documented.
M.4. Method of sampling for dried herbs, herbal infusions (dried product) and teas (dried product) and powdered spices (lots < 15 tonnes)
For lots of dried herbs, herbal infusions (dried product) and teas (dried product) and powdered spices less than 15 tonnes the sampling plan shall be used with 3 to 50 incremental samples, depending on the lot weight, resulting in an aggregate sample of 0,1 to 2,0 kg.
The figures in the following Table 2 may be used to determine the number of incremental samples to be taken.
Table 2
Minimum number of incremental samples to be taken depending on the weight of the lot of dried herbs, herbal infusions (dried product), teas (dried product) and powdered spices
Lot weight (tonnes)
Minimum number of incremental samples
Minimum aggregate sample weight (kg)
≤ 0,1
3
0,1
> 0,1 – ≤ 0,5
10
0,4
> 0,5 – ≤ 5,0
25
1,0
> 5,0 – ≤ 10,0
35
1,4
> 10,0 – ≤ 15,0
50
2,0
M.5. Sampling at retail stage
Sampling of foodstuffs at the retail stage shall be done where possible in accordance with the sampling provisions set out in this part M.
Where that is not possible, an alternative method of sampling at retail stage may be used provided that it ensures that the aggregate sample is sufficiently representative of the sampled lot and is fully described and documented. In any case, the aggregate sample shall be at least 0,1 kg.
M.6. Acceptance of a lot or sublot
Acceptance: where the laboratory sample conforms to the maximum level, taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty;
Rejection: where the laboratory sample exceeds the maximum level beyond reasonable doubt taking into account the correction for recovery and measurement uncertainty. This is the case when the analytical result (corrected for recovery if applicable) minus the expanded measurement uncertainty arising from the analysis is above the maximum level.
N. METHOD OF SAMPLING FOR VERY LARGE LOTS OR LOTS STORED OR TRANSPORTED IN A WAY WHEREBY SAMPLING THROUGHOUT THE LOT IS NOT FEASIBLE
N.1. General principles
In case the way of transport or storage of a lot does not enable to take incremental samples throughout the whole lot, sampling of such lots shall preferably be done when the lot is in flow (dynamic sampling).
In the case of large warehouses destined to store food, operators shall be encouraged to install equipment in the warehouse enabling (automatic) sampling across the whole stored lot.
When a sampling procedure as provided for in this part N is applied, the food business operator or his representative shall be informed of the sampling procedure. If the sampling procedure is questioned by the food business operator or his representative, the food business operator or his representative shall enable the competent authority to sample throughout the whole lot at his/her own cost.
Sampling of a portion of the lot is allowed, on the condition that the quantity of the sampled portion is at least 10 % of the lot to be sampled. If a portion of a lot of food of the same class or description has been sampled and identified as not satisfying Union requirements, it shall be presumed that the entire lot is also affected, unless further detailed assessment shows no evidence that the rest of the lot is unsatisfactory.
The relevant sampling provisions, such as weight of the incremental sample, provided for in the other parts of this Annex are applicable for the sampling for very large lots or lots stored or transported in a way whereby sampling throughout the lot is not feasible.
N.2. Number of incremental samples to be taken in the case of very large lots
In the case of large sampled portions (sampled portions > 500 tonnes), the number of incremental samples to be taken = 100 incremental samples + √tonnes. However, in case the lot is less than 1 500 tonnes and can be subdivided into sublots in accordance with the Table 1 of part A and on the condition that the sublots can be separated physically, the number of incremental samples as provided for in part A have to be taken.
N.3. Large lots transported by ship
N.3.1. Dynamic sampling of large lots transported by ship
The sampling of large lots in ships is preferably carried out while the product is in flow (dynamic sampling).
The sampling is to be done per hold (entity that can physically be separated). Holds are however emptied partly one after the other so that the initial physical separation no longer exists after transfer into storage facilities. Sampling can therefore be performed based on initial physical separation or based on the separation after transfer into the storage facilities.
The unloading of a ship can last for several days. Normally, sampling has to be performed at regular intervals during the whole duration of unloading. It is however not always feasible or appropriate for an official inspector to be present for sampling during the whole operation of unloading. Therefore, sampling of a portion of the lot is allowed to be undertaken (sampled portion). The number of incremental samples is determined by taking into account the size of the sampled portion.
Even if the official sample is taken automatically, the presence of an inspector is necessary. However, if the automatic sampling is done with pre-set parameters which cannot be changed during the sampling and the incremental samples are collected in a sealed receptacle, preventing any possible fraud, then the presence of an inspector is only required at the beginning of the sampling, every time the receptacle of the samples needs to be changed and at the end of the sampling.
N.3.2. Sampling of lots transported by ship by static sampling
In cases where the sampling is done in a static way the same procedure as foreseen for storage facilities (silos) accessible from above has to be applied (see point N.5.1).
The sampling has to be performed on the accessible part (from above) of the lot/hold. The number of incremental samples is determined by taking into account the size of the sampled portion.
N.4. Sampling of large lots stored in warehouses
The sampling has to be performed on the accessible part of the lot. The number of incremental samples is determined by taking into account the size of the sampled portion.
N.5. Sampling of storage facilities (silos)
N.5.1. Sampling of silos (easily) accessible from above
The sampling has to be performed on the accessible part of the lot. The number of incremental samples is determined by taking into account the size of the sampled portion.
N.5.2. Sampling of silos not accessible from above (closed silos)
N.5.2.1. Silos not accessible from above (closed silos) with individual sizes > 100 tonnes
Food stored in such silos cannot be sampled in a static way. Therefore, when the food in the silo has to be sampled and there is no possibility to move the lot, an agreement has to be made with the operator that he or she has to inform the inspector about when the silo will be unloaded, partially or completely, in order to enable sampling when the food is in flow.
N.5.2.2. Silos not accessible from above (closed silos) with individual sizes < 100 tonnes
Contrary to the provision in point N.1 (sampled portion at least 10 %), the sampling procedure involves the release into a receptacle of a quantity of 50 to 100 kg and taking the sample from it. The size of the aggregate sample corresponds to the whole lot and the number of incremental samples relate to the quantity of the food from the silo released into the receptacle for sampling.
N.6. Sampling of loose food in large closed containers
Such lots can often only be sampled when unloaded. In certain cases it is not possible to unload at the point of import or control and therefore the sampling should take place when such containers are unloaded. The operator has to inform the inspector about the place and time of unloading the containers to enable the inspector to be present.
( 1 ) A guidance document for competent authorities for the control of compliance with EU legislation on aflatoxins is available at https://food.ec.europa.eu/document/download/5e7138d9-26c5-4f38-900c-9933fe605a92_en?filename=cs_contaminants_sampling_analysis-guidance-2010_en.pdf The guidance document provides additional practical information but the information contained in the guidance document is subordinate to the provisions in this Regulation.
( *1 ) Depending on the lot weight – see Table 2 of Point A.4.
( 2 ) The sampling of such lots shall be performed in accordance with the rules set out in part N. Guidance for sampling large lots shall be provided in a guidance document available on the following website: https://food.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2016-10/cs_contaminants_sampling_guidance-sampling-final_en.pdf
( *2 ) In case of control for the presence of ergot sclerotia, the aggregate sample weight is at least 1 kg.
( 3 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 1 kg, the aggregate sample weight might be less than 1 kg.
( *3 ) Depending on the lot weight – see Table 2 of this part B
( 4 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 1 kg, the aggregate sample weight might be less than 1 kg.
( *4 ) Depending on the lot weight – see Table 2 of this part C
( 5 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 1 kg, the aggregate sample weight might be less than 1 kg.
( *5 ) Depending on the lot weight – see Table 2 of this part D.
( 6 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 1 kg, the aggregate sample weight might be less than 1 kg.
( *6 ) Depending on the lot weight – see Table 2 of this part E.
( 7 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 0,5 kg, the aggregate sample weight might be less than 0,5 kg.
( 8 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 1 kg, the aggregate sample weight might be less than 1 kg.
( *7 ) Depending on the lot weight – see Table 2 of this part G.
( 9 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 1 kg, the aggregate sample weight might be less than 1 kg.
( 10 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 1 litre, the aggregate sample volume might be less than 1 litre.
( 11 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 1 kg, the aggregate sample weight might be less than 1 kg.
( 12 ) In case the portion to be sampled is so small that it is impossible to obtain an aggregate sample of 1 kg, the aggregate sample weight might be less than 1 kg.
( *8 ) On condition that the sublot can be separated physically, large bulk lots of vegetable oils shall be subdivided into sublots as foreseen in Table 2 of this part K
( *9 ) Depending on the lot weight – see Table 2 of this part M.
