行政警察人員 100 年中華民國憲法與警察專業英文考古題

下列何者不是憲法第80 條所稱之法官？ (A)公務員懲戒委員會委員 (B)公務人員保障暨培訓委員會委員 (C)律師懲戒委員會委員 (D)司法院大法官

有關社會政策之立法，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)須考量國家之財經狀況 (B)注意國家資源之有效利用 (C)力求與受益人基本需求相當 (D)僅依據受益人身分為區別對待

依憲法本文之規定，下列何者為我國最高司法機關？ (A)最高法院 (B)司法院 (C)法務部 (D)行政院

依據憲法規定，下列何者無須超出黨派？ (A)法官 (B)考試委員 (C)軍人 (D)立法委員

依憲法增修條文之規定，總統、副總統彈劾之審理，是由下列何者負責？ (A)最高法院 (B)監察院 (C)憲法法庭 (D)公務員懲戒委員會

下列關於憲法內土地政策之規定，何者錯誤？ (A)附著於土地之礦產屬於土地所有人所有，但應依法納稅 (B)私有土地應照價納稅，政府並得照價收買 (C)中華民國領土內之土地，屬於國民全體所有 (D)土地價值非因施以勞力資本而增加者，應由國家徵收土地增值稅

自民國92 年起，司法院大法官可否適用憲法第81 條及有關法官終身職待遇之規定？ (A)全部司法院大法官均得適用 (B)全部司法院大法官均不得適用 (C)僅法官轉任司法院大法官者始得適用 (D)僅非法官轉任司法院大法官者始得適用

依據憲法第162 條規定，全國公私立之教育文化機關，應： (A)保障其自主性，不受國家監督 (B)由民間獨立團體監督 (C)由各地方自治團體依據自治規章監督 (D)依法律受國家之監督

下列各項職務中，何者須經立法院同意後，始得任命？ (A) 行政院主計長 (B)法務部部長 (C)行政院勞工委員會主任委員 (D)審計長

依司法院大法官解釋，姓名權屬於下列何種權利，應受憲法第22 條所保障？ (A)名譽權 (B)隱私權 (C)人格權 (D)自主權

依憲法增修條文，立法院針對下列何種人事案有同意權？ (A) 行政院院長 (B)司法院大法官 (C)內政部部長 (D)司法院公務員懲戒委員會委員

稅捐稽徵法規定，欠稅達一定金額以上，稅捐稽徵機關得函請內政部，就欠稅人或欠稅營利事業負責人為限制出境處分，主要涉及人民何項基本權利的限制？ (A)工作權 (B)居住及遷徙自由 (C)財產權 (D)依法納稅之義務與權利

有關憲法第63 條立法院對於預算之議決權的敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A) 預算案只許立法院以外之關係院提出，立法院及立法委員則僅有審議之權限 (B) 預算案每一年度實施一次即失其效力，故在學理上又稱為措施性法律 (C)立法院就預算案之審議不得對各機關所編列預算之數額，在款項目節間移動增減 (D)預算案之審議關係政府整年度之收支，故審議時有法定之時間之限制

憲法第22 條規定，凡人民之其他自由及權利，不妨害社會秩序公共利益者，均受憲法之保障。下列何者非本條所導出之自由權利？ (A)司法院釋字第545 號解釋所稱之「性行為自由」 (B)司法院釋字第603 號解釋所稱之「隱私權」 (C)司法院釋字第380 號解釋所稱之「大學自治」 (D)司法院釋字第576 號解釋所稱之「契約自由」

依現行規定，立法委員的婦女保障名額如何選出？ (A)由直轄市、縣市的當選名額中選出 (B)由原住民的當選名額中選出 (C)由全國不分區及僑居國外國民的當選名額中選出 (D)未予以規範

憲法第23 條的比例原則，其中有三個子原則，其中「採取之方法所造成之損害不得與欲達成目的之利益顯失均衡」，乃屬於那個原則？ (A)適當性原則 (B)必要性原則 (C)過度禁止原則 (D)視情況而定

立法院行使罷免總統之職權，其程序性之規定係規範於下列何種法律？ (A)立法院職權行使法 (B)立法委員行為法 (C)立法院組織法 (D)總統副總統選舉罷免法

依據憲法增修條文，憲法之修改須由下列那一機關提出憲法修正案？ (A)行政院 (B)立法院 (C)司法院憲法法庭 (D)修憲會議

當總統犯內亂罪時，其他國家機關對總統得採取的行動中，不包括： (A)罷免總統 (B)彈劾總統 (C)對總統為刑事上之訴究 (D)對總統為民事上之訴究50720-5112051320-51420

憲法第19 條規定，人民依下列何者有納稅的義務？ (A)國庫需要 (B)公共利益 (C)法律 (D)命令

有關總統發布緊急命令之條件，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)須為避免國家或人民遭遇緊急危難或應付財政經濟上重大變故 (B)須依緊急命令法為之 (C)須經行政院會議之決議 (D)須於發布命令後十日內提交立法院追認

依司法院釋字第459 號解釋，主要基於何項理由，認為徵兵機關關於兵役體位之判定，構成得提起訴願及行政訴訟之行政處分？ (A)體位判定攸關服役人數及役別，影響國家安全重大 (B)體位判定攸關役別種類，影響役男服役勞逸的公平性 (C)體位判定攸關役男工作權與人身自由 (D)體位判定對役男在憲法上之權益有重大影響

依憲法增修條文規定，總統對下列何人的任命，不須經立法院同意？ (A)司法院大法官 (B)考試委員 (C)監察委員 (D)行政院院長

下列何者非屬大學自治的範圍？ (A)研究與教學之重要事項 (B)教學內容及課程之訂定 (C)內部組織之自主組織權 (D)大學教師組織工會之權利

有關總統、副總統彈劾案之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)總統、副總統彈劾案由監察院提出 (B)總統、副總統彈劾案由司法院大法官審理 (C)經全體立法委員三分之二以上同意時，被彈劾人應即解職 (D)經中華民國自由地區選舉人總額過半數投票同意時，被彈劾人應即解職

以廣播及電視方式發表意見，依司法院釋字第364 號解釋，屬於憲法保障人民之何項基本權利？ (A)言論自由 (B)出版自由 (C)居住遷徙自由 (D)概括性一般自由

依憲法本文之規定，總統行使下列何項職權，須經行政院會議之決議？ (A)提名司法院院長 (B)任命法務部部長 (C)任命國家安全局局長 (D)宣戰媾和

依司法院釋字第640 號解釋，以下關於租稅事項，何者無須以法律定之？ (A)納稅主體 (B)稅率 (C)稅捐稽徵程序 (D)申報所須檢附之文件資料

依憲法增修條文之規定，總統為國情報告時，應向下列何者為之？ (A)監察院 (B)立法院 (C)國家統一委員會 (D)國家安全會議

依憲法本文之規定，下列何者得依法行使減刑之權？ (A)行政院 (B)法務部 (C)總統 (D)司法院

依地方制度法第25 條規定，自治法規經地方立法機關通過，並由各該行政機關公布者，稱為何者？ (A)自治規則 (B)自治條例 (C)自治通則 (D)地方通則

依憲法增修條文之規定，總統、副總統之任期四年，其連任的規定為何？ (A)不得連任 (B)連選得連任二次 (C)無連任限制 (D)連選得連任一次

依地方制度法之規定，下列何者非地方自治團體？ (A)省 (B)直轄市 (C)縣（市） (D)鄉（鎮、市）

依憲法增修條文之規定，下列有關覆議制度的敘述，何者正確？ (A)得提起覆議者，以法律案、預算案與大赦案三者為限 (B)移請覆議須在該決議案送達行政院10 日內提起 (C)行政院院長得自行決定是否須經總統核可 (D)立法院對於行政院移請覆議案，應於送達30 日內作成決議

下列何種地方公職人員，非由選舉產生？ (A)直轄市市長 (B)縣（市）長 (C)村（里）長 (D)區長

依憲法本文之規定，行政院應將下年度預算案提出於下列何者？ (A)監察院 (B)總統 (C)立法院 (D)司法院

下列關於間接民主之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)又稱為代議民主 (B)國家權力之行使非由人民自己為之 (C)國家權力之正當性最後仍須回溯自人民意志 (D)為我國憲法及增修條文所採取之唯一民主體制

依憲法本文及增修條文的規定，下列何種權限屬立法院所有？ (A)提出總統彈劾案 (B)提出總預算案 (C)提出大赦案 (D)提出戒嚴案

憲法第1 條明定中華民國為民主共和國，下列何項原則並非由「民主共和國」所演繹出的原則？ (A)不告不理原則 (B)權立分立原則 (C)法治國家原則 (D)國家責任原則

以下何者，為憲法所定之國家最高司法機關？ (A)總統 (B)法務部 (C)司法院 (D)最高法院

有關民主共和國之國家權力運作原則，下列何者不屬之？ (A)權力分立原則 (B)法治國家原則 (C)君主立憲原則 (D)憲法優越原則

法律及命令的統一解釋是由下列那一個機關掌理？ (A)考試院 (B)立法院 (C)司法院 (D)法務部

我國憲法增修條文第9 條關於省的規定，下列何者錯誤？ (A)省設省政府，置主席一人，另置委員九人 (B)省設省諮議會，置省諮議會議員若干人 (C)省承行政院之命，監督縣自治事項 (D)省政府主席，由行政院院長提請總統任命

依憲法第107 條規定，有關「國防與國防軍事」事項，係： (A)由中央立法並執行之 (B)由中央立法並執行之，或交由省縣執行之 (C)由省立法並執行之 (D)由省立法並執行之，或交由縣執行之

司法院釋字第328 號針對我國領土作出解釋，認為固有疆域如何界定純屬何種重大問題？ (A)社會問題 (B)經濟問題 (C)文化問題 (D)政治問題

依憲法增修條文，我國司法院副院長如何產生？ (A)司法院院長提名，送總統任命 (B)法官票選，送總統任命 (C)總統提名，經立法院同意任命 (D)總統提名，行政院院會通過任命

通訊監察書由檢察官與司法警察機關負責聲請與核發，而非由法官核發，與何種基本權利之保障意旨不符？ (A)意見表達自由 (B)不表意自由 (C)新聞媒體自由 (D)秘密通訊自由

下列何者非屬監察院對行政院及其人員得行使之職權？ (A)糾正權 (B)糾舉權 (C)罷免權 (D)彈劾權

中央警察大學入學考試招生簡章以有無色盲決定能否取得入學資格之規定，涉及下列何者？ (A)財產權 (B)平等原則 (C)受國民教育之權 (D)信賴保護原則

審計長如何產生？ (A)監察院院長指派 (B)經監察委員選舉產生 (C)由總統提名，經監察院同意任命之 (D)由總統提名，經立法院同意任命之

行政機關不得以命令干預大學教學之內容及課程之訂定，與下列何者有關？ (A)大學自治 (B)契約自由 (C)人格發展自由 (D)機關自我拘束原則

The traffic police unit of each police precinct is responsible for planning and executing the of local traffic. (A)correspondence (B)maintenance (C)demonstration (D)transportation

憲法第24 條未提及公務員之何種責任？ (A)政治責任 (B)民事責任 (C)刑事責任 (D)懲戒責任

You are caught with solid evidence. You will be charged with homicide. (A)white-handed (B)black-handed (C)green-handed (D)red-handed

憲法規定，人民有應考試、服公職之權。此種權利在理論上屬於： (A)自由權 (B)受益權 (C)參政權 (D)平等權

Because a driver caused a traffic accident, the police had to conduct a traffic stop. (A)hit-and-run (B)real-end (C)head-on (D)side-swept

依司法院釋字第487 號解釋，下列何者係憲法第24 條國家賠償責任之特別立法？ (A)冤獄賠償法 (B)犯罪被害人保護法 (C)強制汽車責任保險法 (D)二二八事件處理及賠償條例

He was in shock for several hours because the terrible explosion right in front of his eyes. (A)took on (B)took over (C)took place (D)took after

依司法院大法官之解釋，下列何者與婚姻自由之憲法上保障依據相同？ (A)人格權 (B)平等權 (C)宗教自由 (D)藝術自由

Junior officers often senior officers, so senior officers should set good examples for them. (A)get out of (B)keep up with (C)make faces at (D)look up to

下列何者為人民基本權之核心保障？ (A)公共利益 (B)人性尊嚴 (C)自由平等 (D)民主共和

Don't drive too fast. Or you may get a ticket from the police. (A)free (B)quick (C)parking (D)speeding

私法人不可能享有之人權是： (A)民意代表選舉權 (B)財產權 (C)表現自由權 (D)賠償請求權

When the police stop us on the road, we have to show our vehicle to prove that we really own the car. (A)diploma (B)plate (C)registration (D)uniform

刑罰之制定應符合比例原則，請依司法院大法官對此之解釋來判斷下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)國家得將特定事項以特別刑法規定特別之罪刑 (B)國家刑罰權之規定，其內容須符合目的正當性、手段必要性、限制妥當性 (C)刑罰中誣告罪之反坐規定，立法雖嚴，但仍屬必要，並無違憲 (D)刑罰之規定，如僅強調同害之原始報應，即有違比例原則50720-5112051320-51420

It's hard to believe that this old man could be the . He looked too weak to kill a person. (A)informer (B)officer (C)suspect (D)victim

之保障亦應予保障

The car accident happened right in front of the boy. So he was asked to be the of this case. (A)defendant (B)protector (C)servant (D)witness

於訴訟確定後方得執行

A good lawyer can certainly provide you with complete answers whenever you have any questions. (A)foreign (B)legal (C)proper (D)traffic

之要件？之緊急危難 (D)防止妨礙他人自由

In Taiwan, a judge decides whether an accused is or not. (A)absent (B)false (C)guilty (D)real

於憲法未明文利？ (C)隱私權 (D)工作權

The man admitted that he the crime. He said he had been trying to kill his neighbor for many years. (A)committed (B)rejected (C)enforced (D)opposed

為例外

Two policemen climbed the tree to the cat that was trapped there. Luckily, it was found safe and healthy. (A)escort (B)offend (C)protest (D)rescue

之構成要件及法律效果，應由法律定，應有符合下列

I've got hearing problems, so it is impossible for me to hear police 100 meters away. (A)drills (B)patrols (C)sirens (D)tactics

人居住處所遷移，無故不依規定申報者，即處以刑事罰。依司法院大法官原則

The burglar into the house at midnight without disturbing anyone. It was not until the next morning did thefamily find out their safe was gone. (A)broke (B)drove (C)fired (D)took

e a traffic violto you becauseat ________ spee

When more and more people lose their jobs, the rate of violence seems to increase. Some people beat uptheir spouses because they don't know how to deal with pressure. (A)domestic (B)frequent (C)historic (D)verbal

ocal police下列何者並非憲法保障財產權之理念？ (A)財產權保障之意義在於維持人性尊嚴生活上必須的財產 (B)因支配他人勞動力所取得的資本型財產， (C)對於個人財產權的保障是一種絕對保障 (D)人民財產權被侵害，得依法請求賠償關於公務員之懲戒與憲法人權保障，司法院大法官解釋認為： (A) 公務員之懲戒，與人權無關 (B)公務員懲戒標準，得由行政機關訂定 (C)懲戒處分與懲處處分在構成要件與效力上並無不同 (D)免職處分之訴訟確定前，得先令停職，但下列何者非憲法所定限制基本權 (A)增進國家機關權威 (B)避免國家社會及個人 (C)維持社會秩序或增進公共利益下列何項屬規定之自由權 (A)財產權 (B)集會自由關於憲法第23 條之規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)揭示基本權利以保障為原則，限制 (B)憲法第23 條只有規定了比例原則 (C)只要有公共利益事由的存在，行政機關即可直接限制人民基本權利 (D)自治條例非憲法第23 條所規定之「法律」，故自治條例不得規定行政罰之條款對於人民違反行政法上義務之行為處以裁罰性之行政處分，其處罰之，以命令為之者法律明確授權，始何種原則？ (A)法定法官原則 (B)法律優位原則 (C)法律不溯既往原則 (D)法律保留原則妨害兵役治罪條例規定後備軍解釋，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)該規定限制人民之居住遷徙自由 (B)該規定與人民服兵役之義務有關 (C)該規定有違憲法所定之比例原則 (D)該規定有違憲法所定之平等I have to issuation citationyou drived. (A)excessive (B)excellent (C)normal (D)wonderfulA team of FBI agents, the same ones who specialize in helping lserial killers, are using their

Because some people are afraid that their children might be , they hire body guards to ensure their children’ssafety. (A)deported (B)kidnapped (C)suspended (D)traumatizedDelisandra Beltran, of New York City, used to feel scared in her own home. Her neighborhood was so dangerous,she says, "that I was throwing myself on the floor with my son all the time because of the bullets flying through mywindow." Mae Willie Turner, 79, of Taylor, Texas, was also scared. Drug dealers had brought so much crime to her smallhometown that she was afraid to sit on her own front porch.But now all that has changed. Beltran says, "I haven't seen a bullet hole in a year." Turner boasts, "I can sit on myporch anytime." These women are not the only Americans feeling a little safer these days. In many cities, the rate ofcrime is going down. In 1994, violent crime dropped 8% in the nine largest U.S. cities. During the first half of 1995,serious crime dropped an additional 2%. Murder was down 12%.Why is crime down? One reason may be the smart new way some police departments work. In cities such as NewOrleans, Philadelphia, New York and Chicago, police don't just cruise around in patrol cars watching for crimes. Officersare on the streets, talking with the folks they protect. The new system is called community policing. Officers know thegood citizens and the troublemakers, which makes it easier to solve crimes. "I felt better almost as soon as the policemoved in," says Brenda Holmes of New Orleans. "They've given us our lives back."Police officers are taking on new roles. "We do neighborhood cleanups, counseling...you name it," says DjuanaAdams, a police officer in New Orleans. "We help the children with their homework, and they show up for treats whenthey get good grades." Community policing is not the only reason experts give for the drop in crime. More criminals thanever are in prison, where they can't get into trouble. Also, fewer people use crack, the drug blamed for the rise in violentcrime that started in 1984.Some experts think the crime rate will bounce back up in a few years. There will be more males ages 15 to 29, thegroup that commits most crimes. Plus, crime among kids has gone up, not down. But if crime does rise again, policedepartments across the country are better prepared than ever to fight it.

expertise in behavioral profiling to target white-collar criminals. (A)track down (B)run across (C)see through (D)turn looseIn court cases, forensic scientists, also referred to as expert, often present and explain the evidenceich plays a cor

What did Delisandra Beltran and Mae Willie Turner have in common? (A)They were both over 70 years old. (B)They were both victims of domestic violence. (C)They both asked for assistance from the police. (D)They both felt scared in their own homes.

to settle palso be usee criminal cases.

According to this passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for the decrease of crime rate? (A)More criminals are locked in the prisons. (B)Unemployment rate is getting lower. (C)The drug crack is not popular any more. (D)Police officers interact more with the community.

rants has beendiscovered, whrucial role in a convictiondismissal. (A)defendants (B)witnesses (C)chemists (D)toxicologistsBesides its abilityaternity issues, DNA _____ technology cand to help solv (A)fingerprinting (B)jurisdiction (C)morphology (D)retrievalA controversial Arizona sheriff known for taking a hard line against illegal immigsome ofhat he descrical move by t

According to this passage, which of the following tasks is NOT mentioned as a part of community policing? (A)Taking care of the homeless. (B)Keeping the neighborhood clean. (C)Chatting with the people they protect. (D)Cruising around in patrol cars.

automated teller machine (ATM), you need to insert your bank card and then enter a set ofhis powers in wibed as a polithe Obama administration. (A)stripped off (B)struck off (C)stretched out (D)swept awayTo use an (D)PIN

According to the passage, what is the author's attitude toward the policemen's performance in dealing with crimes? (A)Positive (B)Neutral (C)Negative (D)UnknownSony officials held a news conference last week in Tokyo. They apologized for the 47 of personal informationfrom millions of users of the company's online services. Hackers 48 Sony's PlayStation Network and Qriocity musicsystems. In all, Sony says information may have been stolen from more than one hundred million accounts. The dataincludes information like names, addresses, phone numbers and birthdates.Sony shut down its PlayStation Network on April twentieth. The company is being criticized for not telling its usersabout the stolen information until a week later. Sony has also been criticized for not making its accounts more secure by49 the data. Sony officials say they have now taken steps to improve 50 . Many experts believe that the problemis that there is far more interest in developing technology than in keeping it safe.

ed from th

(A)research (B)strategy (C)theft (D)violation

at night, Jean was _____ by someone who rode a scooter and had a little bit of injuryis incident. (D)persuaded

(A)targeted (B)produced (C)improved (D)abolished

number. (A)phone (B)seat (C)evenThe police arrested a _____ driver who escape car accident. (A)come-and-go (B)give-and-take (C)hit-and-run (D)drive-and-escapeWhen coming home latecaused by th (A)attracted (B)interviewed (C)mugged! This is police! Drop your weapon and you are under arrest!

(A)analyzing (B)collecting (C)furnishing (D)encrypting

s (A)Jump (B)Freeze (C)Move (D)CheckThe suspect waby the police about the whereabouts of his wife because he was involved in a domestic

(A)democracy (B)efficiency (C)objectivity (D)security

e line of intellectual efforts to try to bring order to what is, by its very_____ aspect oe.violence case. (A)complained (B)convinced (C)irritated (D)interrogatedProblem-oriented policing is the latest in thnature, a(n) _f human lif (A)romantic (B)chaotic (C)idealistic (D)economic50720-5112051320-51420

rstand young people’s needs; therefore, well intentionedSurveys show that the police do not always undecan sometimes have negative consequences. (A)prevention (B)prosecution (C)intervention (D)victimizationRecently, the Kaohsiung police department and the Bureau of Investigation cracked the biggest data-theftcase ever to have hit Taiwan, involving the leaking of personal information on more than 10 million individuals.This 53 has not only seriously affected public and financial order, but has also shown that Taiwan's data securitysystem needs a thorough overhaul.The Kaohsiung police discovered that personal data on more than 10 million individuals had been sold by Y. L.International Marketing Corporation to various 54 syndicates. The suspects confessed that more than ten criminalgangs had bought the data to send out fraudulent letters and text messages telling people that they had won prizes.Following a six-month investigation, the Kaohsiung field office of the Bureau of Investigation 55 a large-scalesearch of dozens of offices of a major telecommunication company and credit information agencies throughout Taiwan.The southern field office of the Criminal Investigation Bureau and mobile inspection units of the South Coast GuardBureau 56 large amounts of client data and telephone monitoring tapes. They also summoned more than 30longdd56peop e for questioning.

(A)scandalinvestigati (B) (C)setback (D)investment

(A)marine (B)fraud (C)banking (D)underwritin

(A)consiste (B)condense (C)condemned (D)conducted (A)seized (B)decided (C)contracted (D)featuredThe devolution of immigration policing authority from the federal to local governments represents a sharp breakwith a long-established tradition of federal control over all aspects of immigration enforcement. In the past, state andlocal police forces played only a supportive role in immigration affairs, sometimes sharing information about thosethey had detained as criminal suspects or assisting in enforcement actions. The federal government could not requirelocal governments to do immigration policing. Police powers were constitutionally reserved for the states and theirjurisdictional subunits, an arrangement that provided localities with significant flexibility and autonomy. However,with the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA) and the Illegal Immigration Reform and ImmigrantResponsibility Act (IIRIRA), the federal government has created an opening for localities to ask their police officers tobe trained by and to join the federal government in enforcing immigration laws within the interior of the United States.Thus, beginning in 2002, informal working relationships between local police and federal immigration agents havedeveloped. For example, some local police departments are now seeking formal training from federal immigrationauthorities. Federal agents are also embedded in some police departments to assist in enforcement of drug and humansmuggling laws. A number of state prisons and local jails send the names of criminal suspects to federal authorities tobe checked for immigration violations. And an increasing number of police departments are electing to do their ownimmigration status checks. Such an increased involvement of state and local police departments in immigrant affairsm.”57ents in immigration affairs.cing.reign affairs.58 (B)grant information between federal and local authorities had been a long-established traditionnce. (D)olice departments were required to cooperate with federal authorities in investigating59al police forces.local police forces.60een the federal and state governments. (D)The sole legitimate federal authority in immigration policing.has given rise to what some observers are calling “immigration federalisWhat is the passage mainly about? (A)The importance of cooperation between federal and local governm (B)The enhanced role of local governments in immigration poli (C)The impact of new immigration policies on fo (D)The decline of the U.S. federal government.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? (A)The IIRIRA prohibits local authorities from checking the status of immigrants.Sharing immibefore 2002. (C)Before the AEDPA and IIRIRA, local governments enjoyed more freedom from federal control and influeBefore 2002, state pimmigration cases.What does the underlined pronoun “they” refer to? (A)Suspects detained by the state and loc (B)Undocumented immigrants. (C)The federal law enforcement agents. (D)The state andWhat may the term “immigration federalism” (last line) most likely mean? (A)Sharing of powers on immigration betw (B)All the immigration agents in the U.S. (C)Immigrants coming from all parts of the world.