DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT

• Citation: 46 CFR Part 108
• Sections: 173

§ 108.101 Incorporation by reference.

(a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this subchapter with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved material is available for inspection at the U.S. Coast Guard, Office of Design and Engineering Standards (CG-ENG), 2703 Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE., Stop 7509, Washington, DC 20593-7509, and is available from the sources listed below. It is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030 or go to http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html .

(b) ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428, 877-909-2786, http://www.astm.org .

(1) ASTM D 93-97, Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester, IBR approved for § 108.500(b).

(2) ASTM F 1014-92, Standard Specification for Flashlights on Vessels, IBR approved for § 108.497(b).

(3) ASTM F1121-87 (Reapproved 2010), Standard Specification for International Shore Connections for Marine Fire Applications, (approved March 1, 2010), IBR approved for § 108.427(a).

(c) International Maritime Organization (IMO) Publishing, 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom, [phone], http://www.imo.org .

(1) Resolution A.520(13), Code of Practice for the Evaluation, Testing and Acceptance of Prototype Novel Life-saving Appliances and Arrangements, 17 November 1983, IBR approved for § 108.105(c).

(2) Resolution A.649(16), Code for the Construction and Equipment of Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODU Code),19 October 1989 with amendments of June 1991, IBR approved for § 108.503.

(3) Resolution A.658(16), Use and Fitting of Retro-reflective Materials on Life-saving Appliances, 20 November 1989, IBR approved for §§ 108.645(a) and 108.649(a) and (e).

(4) Resolution A.760(18), Symbols Related to Life-saving Appliances and Arrangements, 17 November 1993, IBR approved for §§ 108.646(a), 108.647, 108.649(b), (d), (f), and (g), and 108.655(e).

(d) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169, 617-770-3000, http://www.nfpa.org .

(1) NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2010 Edition, effective August 26, 2009, IBR approved for § 108.430.

(2) [Reserved]

§ 108.102 Preemptive effect.

The regulations in this part have preemptive effect over State or local regulations in the same field.

§ 108.103 Equipment not required on a unit.

(a) Each item of lifesaving and firefighting equipment carried on board the unit in addition to equipment of the type required under this subchapter, must—

(1) Be approved; or

(2) Be acceptable to the cognizant OCMI, for use on the unit.

(b) Use of non-approved fire detection systems may be acceptable as excess equipment, provided that—

(1) Components are listed and labeled by an independent, nationally recognized testing laboratory as set forth in 29 CFR 1910.7, and are designed, installed, tested, and maintained in accordance with an appropriate industry standard and the manufacturer's specific guidance;

(2) Installation conforms to the requirements of subchapter J of this chapter, including the hazardous location electrical installation regulations in § 111.105 of this chapter; and

(3) Coast Guard plan review is completed for wiring plans.

§ 108.105 Substitutes for required fittings, material, apparatus, equipment, arrangements, calculations, and tests.

(a) Where this subchapter requires a particular fitting, material, apparatus, equipment, arrangement, calculation or test, the Commandant (CG-ENG) may accept any substitution that is at least as effective as that specified. If necessary, the Commandant (CG-ENG) may require engineering evaluations and tests to demonstrate the equivalence of the substitution.

(b) In any case where it is shown to the satisfaction of the Commandant that the use of any particular equipment, apparatus, arrangement, or test is unreasonable or impracticable, the Commandant may permit the use of alternate equipment, apparatus, arrangement, or test to such an extent and upon such condition as will insure, to his satisfaction, a degree of safety consistent with the minimum standards set forth in this subchapter.

(c) The Commandant (CG-ENG) may accept a novel lifesaving appliance or arrangement, if it provides a level of safety equivalent to the requirements of this part and the appliance or arrangement—

(1) Is evaluated and tested in accordance with IMO Resolution A.520(13), Code of Practice for the Evaluation, Testing and Acceptance of Prototype Novel Life-saving Appliances and Arrangements; or

(2) Has successfully undergone evaluation and tests that are substantially equivalent to those recommendations.

(d) During a unit's construction and when any modification to the lifesaving arrangement is done after construction, the owner must obtain acceptance of lifesaving arrangements from the Commandant Marine Safety Center.

(e) The OCMI may accept substitute lifesaving appliances other than those required by this part, except for—

(1) Survival craft and rescue boats; and

(2) Survival craft and rescue boat launching and embarkation appliances.

(f) Acceptance of lifesaving appliances and arrangements will remain in effect unless—

(1) The OCMI deems their condition to be unsatisfactory or unfit for the service intended; or

(2) The OCMI deems the crew's ability to use and assist others in the use of the lifesaving appliances or arrangements to be inadequate.

§ 108.109 Classification society standards.

(a) Any person who desires to use the rules of a classification society, other than the American Bureau of Shipping, to meet requirements in this Subchapter must request recognition of that society from the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center. The relevant rules must be submitted with the request.

§ 108.113 Structural standards.

Except as provided in § 108.109, each unit must meet the structural standards of the American Bureau of Shipping's Rules for Building and Classing Offshore Mobile Drilling Units, 1978.

§ 108.114 Appliances for watertight and weathertight integrity.

(a) Appliances to ensure watertight integrity include watertight doors, hatches, scuttles, bolted manhole covers, or other watertight closures for openings in watertight decks and bulkheads.

(b) Appliances to ensure weathertight integrity include weathertight doors and hatches, closures for air pipes, ventilators, ventilation intakes and outlets, and closures for other openings in deckhouses and superstructures.

(c) Each internal opening fixed with appliances to ensure watertight integrity which are used intermittently during operation of the unit while afloat must meet the following:

(1) Each door, hatch, and scuttle must—

(i) Be remotely controlled from a normally manned control station, and be operable locally from both sides of the bulkhead; or

(ii) If there is no means of remote control there must be an alarm system which signals whether the appliance is open or closed both locally at each appliance and in a normally manned control station.

(2) Each closing appliance must remain watertight under the design water pressure of the watertight boundary of which it is a part.

(d) Each external opening fitted with an appliance to ensure weathertight integrity must be located so that it would not be submerged below the final equilibrium waterline if the unit is subjected simultaneously to—

(1) Damage causing flooding described in § 174.075 through § 174.085 of this chapter; and

(2) A wind heeling moment calculated in accordance with § 174.055 of this chapter using a wind velocity of 50 knots (25.8 meters per second).

§ 108.123 Isolation of combustible material.

Each internal combustion engine exhaust, boiler and galley uptake, and similar heat source must be separated or insulated from combustible materials.

§ 108.127 Storage lockers for combustibles.

Each oil and paint locker must be made of steel or an equivalent material or be completely lined with steel or an equivalent material as described in § 108.131(c) of this subpart.

§ 108.131 Definitions.

(a) Standard Fire Test means the test in which specimens of the relevant bulkheads or decks, having a surface of approximately 4.65 square meters (50 square feet) and a height of 2.44 meters (8 feet) resembling as closely as possible the intended construction and including, where appropriate, at least one joint, are exposed in a test furnace to a series of temperature relationships approximately as follows:

(1) At the end of 5 minutes—538 °C. (1,000 °F.)

(2) At the end of 10 minutes—704 °C. (1,300 °F.)

(3) At the end of 30 minutes—843 °C. (1,550 °F.)

(4) At the end of 60 minutes—927 °C. (1,700 °F.).

(b) Bulkheads and decks are defined and classed as follows:

(1) A class bulkhead or deck means a bulkhead or deck that—

(i) Is made of steel or other equivalent material; and

(ii) Prevents the passage of flame and smoke for 60 minutes if subjected to the standard fire test.

(2) A 60 bulkhead or deck means an A class bulkhead or deck that—

(i) Is insulated with approved insulation, bulkhead panels, or deck covering;

(ii) If subjected to the standard fire test for 60 minutes, has an average temperature rise on the unexposed side of the insulated bulkhead or deck of less than 139 °C. (250 °F.) above the temperature before the standard fire test and has a temperature rise at any point on the unexposed surface, including any joint, of less than 180 °C. (325 °F.) above the temperature before the standard fire test.

(3) B class bulkhead or deck means a bulkhead or deck that—

(i) Is made of approved noncombustible material;

(ii) Prevents flame from passing through it for 30 minutes if subjected to the standard fire test.

(4) C class bulkhead or deck means a bulkhead or deck made of approved noncombustible material.

(c) Equivalent material means a material that by itself or with insulation has smoke and fire retardant properties equal to that of the steel required for “A” or “B” class bulkheads or decks and has structural qualities equivalent to steel at the end of the applicable fire exposure.

(d) Approved material means a material approved under one of the following subparts of Subchapter Q of this chapter:

(1) Deck coverings, Subpart 164.006.

(2) Structural insulation, Subpart 164.007.

(3) Bulkhead panel, Subpart 164.008.

(4) Noncombustible materials, Subpart 164.009;

(5) Interior finishes, Subpart 164.012.

(e) Stairtower means a stairway that penetrates more than one deck within the same enclosure, or two or more stairways that—

(1) Are arranged vertically one above the other; or

(2) Penetrate both the deck and the overhead within the same enclosure.

(f) Accommodation space includes, sleeping, mess, hospital, recreational, toilet, washing and shower spaces, and corridors.

§ 108.133 Hull superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks, and deckhouses.

Each hull superstructure, structural bulkhead, deck, and deckhouse must be made of steel or an equivalent material.

§ 108.135 Boundary bulkheads, decks of galleys, and combustible material lockers.

Each boundary bulkhead and deck of each galley, each combination galley and messroom, and each combustible material storage locker must be an A class bulkhead and A class deck respectively.

§ 108.137 Bulkhead and deck separations of accommodation spaces.

Each boundary bulkhead and deck that separates an accommodation space or control station from the following must be an A class bulkhead and A class deck respectively—

(a) Machinery space;

(b) Galley or combination galley and messroom;

(c) Main pantry;

(d) Classified space;

(e) Store room.

§ 108.139 Boundary bulkheads and decks of a space containing emergency power.

Each boundary bulkhead and deck of a space containing an emergency electric power source or components of an emergency electric power source must be an A class bulkhead and A class deck respectively. When separate but adjoining spaces are provided for such equipment, boundary bulkhead type construction is not required for the separating partitions common to each space.

§ 108.141 Boundary bulkheads and decks between the emergency power source and service generators.

Each boundary bulkhead and deck of a space containing an emergency electric power source or components of an emergency electric power source that adjoins a space containing a ship's service generator, the components of a ship's service generator, or a classified space must be an A-60 bulkhead and A-60 deck.

§ 108.143 Accommodation space.

(a) Each corridor bulkhead in an accommodation space must be an A class or B class bulkhead except if an A class bulkhead is specifically required by this part.

(b) No door in a corridor bulkhead in an accommodation space may have a louver, except that a stateroom, lounge, or recreation room door may have louvers in its lower half.

(c) Each stairtower, elevator, and dumbwaiter, and other trunk must be enclosed by A class bulkheads.

(d) Each bulkhead not described under paragraph (a) of this section must be either A class, B class, or C class bulkheads.

(e) At least one opening to each stairway must be enclosed by either A class or B class bulkheads and doors.

(f) Each stairtower must have doors at all levels and each must be an A class door.

(g) Each door required by paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section—

(1) Must be self-closing;

(2) May not have any means to permanently hold the door open, except for magnetic holdbacks that are operated from the bridge or other remote location.

(h) Interior stairs, including stringers and treads, must be made of steel or an equivalent material.

(i) Except in washrooms and toilet spaces, each deck covering in an accommodation space must be made of an approved material, except an overlay on a deck for leveling or finishing that is not more than 9.375 millimeters (

3/8 inch) thick.

(j) Except as provided in paragraph (1), each ceiling, lining, insulation, and pipe and duct lagging in an accommodation space must be made of an approved material that is noncombustible.

(k) Each sheathing, furring, or holding piece used to secure a bulkhead, ceiling, lining, or insulation in an accommodation space must be made of an approved material that is non-combustible.

(l) No bulkhead, lining, or ceiling in an accommodation space may have a combustible veneer greater than 2 millimeters (

1/12 inch) in thickness.

(m) Each corridor or hidden space in an accommodation space may be covered by an approved interior finish or a reasonable number of coats of paint. However, no corridor or hidden space may have combustible veneer, trim, or decoration except material approved under Subpart 164.012 of this chapter.

§ 108.145 Hatches and tonnage openings.

Each hatch, except a hatch between storage spaces and each tonnage opening closure, must be made of steel or an equivalent material of the same class as the bulkhead or deck where the opening occurs.

§ 108.147 Certain paints prohibited.

No nitrocellulose or other highly flammable or noxious fume-producing paint or lacquer may be used on a unit.

§ 108.151 Two means required.

(a) Each of the following must have at least 2 means of escape:

(1) Each accommodation space with a deck area of at least 27 sq. meters (300 sq. ft.).

(2) Each space, other than an accommodation space, that is continuously manned or used on a regular working basis except for routine security checks.

(3) Weather deck areas where personnel may be normally employed.

(b) When two means of escape are required from a space below the main deck, one of the means of escape must provide for a rapid escape through openings that are not required to be watertight by damage stability considerations.

(c) When two means of escape are required from a space above the main deck, one of the means of escape must provide for a rapid escape to a weather deck.

§ 108.153 Location of means of escape.

The required two means of escape must be through exits that minimize the possibility of having both exits blocked if a fire or other casualty occurs in the area.

§ 108.155 Restrictions on means of escape utilized.

A required means of escape may not be a vertical ladder or deck scuttle, except that one of the means of escape may be a vertical ladder or deck scuttle if a stairway would be impracticable.

§ 108.157 Locked doors.

No door to the required means of escape may be designed to lock except—

(a) A crash door or a door that has a locking device that can be easily forced, if on both sides of the door a permanent and easily seen instruction is placed; or

(b) An outside door to a deckhouse if the door can be locked by key only and if the master or person in charge has control of the key to the door's lock.

§ 108.159 Stairways and exterior inclined ladders.

Each stairway, except a stairway in a machinery or storage space, and each exterior inclined ladder must be at least 70 centimeters (28 inches) wide with an angle of inclination from the horizontal of not more than 50 degrees, except that special consideration may be given to the installation if a 70 centimeters (28 inch) width is impracticable.

§ 108.160 Vertical ladders.

(a) Each vertical ladder must have rungs that are—

(1) At least 41 centimeters (16 inches) in length;

(2) Not more than 30 centimeters (12 inches) apart, uniform for the length of the ladder; and

(3) At least 18 centimeters (7 inches) from the nearest permanent object in back of the ladder.

(b) Except when unavoidable obstructions are encountered, there must be at least 11.5 centimeters (4

1/2 inches) clearance above each rung.

(c) Except as provided in § 108.540(h)(3)(ii), each exterior vertical ladder more than 6 meters (20 ft.) in length must be fitted with a cage or ladder safety device meeting ANSI Standard 14.3 (1974) for fixed ladders.

(d) No vertical fixed ladders may be made of wood.

§ 108.161 Dead end corridors.

No dead end corridor may be more than 13 meters (43 feet) long.

§ 108.165 Access to lifeboats and liferafts.

Each unit must be designed to provide direct access to the lifeboat and liferaft embarkation areas.

§ 108.167 Weather deck ladders.

Each unit must have at least one permanent, inclined ladder between each weather deck.

§ 108.170 Definitions.

(a) Classified locations are those in which flammable hydrocarbon gas or vapors, resulting from the drilling operations, may be present in quantities sufficient to produce an explosive or ignitable mixture. Location of these areas affect the design of the units' machinery, electrical, and ventilation systems. (See Notes 1 and 2).

(b) For the purpose of this subpart “semi-enclosed location” means a location where natural conditions of ventilation are notably different from those on open decks due to the presence of structures such as roofs, windbreaks, or bulkheads.

Notes:

1. Further requirements with respect to hazardous locations are contained in part 111, subpart 111.105, of this chapter.

2. For specific requirements for machinery and electrical installations on mobile offshore drilling units see Subchapters “F” and “J” of this chapter.

§ 108.171 Class I, Division 1 locations.

The following are Class I, Division 1 locations:

(a) An enclosed space that contains any part of the mud circulating system that has an opening into the space and is between the well and final degassing discharge.

(b) An enclosed or semi-enclosed location that is below the drill floor, and contains a possible source of gas release.

(c) An enclosed space that is on the drill floor, and is not separated by a solid, gas-light floor from the spaces specified in paragraph (b) of this section.

(d) A space that would normally be considered a Division 2 location under § 108.173 but where combustible or flammable gases might accumulate.

(e) A location in the weather, or a semi-enclosed location, except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section that is within 1.5 m (5 ft.) of the boundary of any—

(1) Equipment or opening specified in paragraph (a) of this section;

(2) Ventilation outlet, access, or other opening to a Class I, Division 1 space; or

(3) Gas vent outlet.

(f) Except as provided in § 108.175, an enclosed space that has an opening into a Class I, Division 1 location.

§ 108.173 Class I, Division 2 locations.

The following are Class I, Division 2 locations:

(a) An enclosed space that has any open portion of the mud circulating system from the final degassing discharge to the mud suction connection at the mud pit.

(b) A location in the weather that is—

(1) Within the boundaries of the drilling derrick up to a height of 3 m (10 ft.) above the drill floor;

(2) Below the drill floor and within a radius of 3 m (10 ft.) of a possible source of gas release; or

(3) Within 1.5 m (5 ft.) of the boundaries of any ventilation outlet, access, or other opening to a Class I, Division 2 space.

(c) A location that is—

(1) Within 1.5 m (5 ft.) of a semi-enclosed Class I, Division 1 location indicated in § 108.171(b); or

(2) Within 1.5 m (5 ft.) of a Class I, Division 1 space indicated in § 108.171(e).

(d) A semi-enclosed area that is below and contiguous with the drill floor to the boundaries of the derrick or to the extent of any enclosure which is liable to trap gasses.

(e) A semi-enclosed derrick to the extent of its enclosure above the drill floor or to a height of 3 m (10 ft.) above the drill floor, whichever is greater.

(f) Except as provided in § 108.175 an enclosed space that has an opening into a Class I, Division 2 location.

§ 108.175 Contiguous locations.

An enclosed space that has direct access to a Division 1 or Division 2 location is the same division as that location, except—

(a) An enclosed space that has direct access to a Division 1 location is not a hazardous location if—

(1) The access has self-closing gas-tight doors that form an air lock;

(2) The ventilation causes greater pressure in the space than in the Division 1 location; and

(3) Loss of ventilation overpressure activates an alarm at a manned station;

(b) An enclosed space that has direct access to a Division 1 location can be considered as a Division 2 location if—

(1) The access has a self-closing, gas-tight door that opens into the space and that has no hold-back device;

(2) Ventilation causes the air to flow with the door open from the space into the Division 1 location; and

(3) Loss of ventilation activates an alarm at a manned control station; and

(c) An enclosed space that has direct access to a Division 2 location is not a hazardous location if—

(1) The access has a self-closing, gas-tight door that opens into the space and that has no hold-back device;

(2) Ventilation causes the air to flow with the door open from the space into the Division 2 location; and

(3) Loss of ventilation activates an alarm at a manned control station.

§ 108.177 Electrical equipment in classified locations.

Electrical equipment and devices installed in spaces made non-hazardous by the methods indicated in § 108.175 must only be essential equipment.

§ 108.181 Ventilation for enclosed spaces.

(a) Each enclosed space must be vented or ventilated.

(b) There must be a means to close each vent or ventilating system.

(c) Each fan in a ventilating system must have remote controls installed in accordance with part 111, subpart 111.103, of this chapter.

(d) There must be a means to close each doorway, ventilator, and annular space around each funnel or other opening to machinery, stowage, or working spaces. The means must be located outside the space.

(e) Each intake in a ventilating system must be located so as to prevent, as far as practicable, the intake of noxious fumes.

§ 108.185 Ventilation for enclosed classified locations.

(a) The ventilation system for each enclosed classified location must be designed to maintain a pressure differential between the enclosed classified location and each non-classified location adjacent to the enclosed classified location, so as to prevent the discharge of ignitable gases into the non-classified adjacent locations.

(b) Each air intake must be outside of enclosed classified locations.

(c) Each unit must have alarms that are powered independently of the ventilation motor power and control circuitry and sound at a continuously manned station when—

(1) Gas is present in an enclosed classified location; or

(2) The ventilation system for the space is not working.

(d) Each ventilation system for enclosed classified locations must provide a complete change of air every five minutes.

§ 108.187 Ventilation for brush type electric motors in classified spaces.

Ventilation for brush type electric motors in classified locations must meet N.F.P.A. 496-1974 “Standard for Purged and Pressurized Enclosures for Electrical Equipment in Hazardous Locations”, except audible and visual alarms may be used if shutting down the motors may cause unsafe conditions.

§ 108.193 Restrictions.

(a) There must be no direct communication between the accommodation spaces and any chainlocker, stowage, or machinery space, except through solid, close-fitted doors or hatches.

(b) No access, vent, or sounding tube from a fuel or oil tank may open into any accommodation space, except that accesses and sounding tubes may open into corridors.

§ 108.195 Location of accommodation spaces.

(a) On surface type units, accommodation spaces must not be located forward of a vertical plane located at 5 percent of the unit's length aft of the stem, at the designed summer load line.

(b) On all units, the deckhead of each accommodation space must be above the deepest load line.

§ 108.197 Construction of accommodation spaces.

(a) Each sleeping, mess, recreational, or hospital space that is adjacent to or immediately above a stowage or machinery space, paint locker, drying room, washroom, toilet space, or other odor source must be made odorproof.

(b) Each accommodation space that is adjacent to or immediately above a galley, machinery space, machinery casing, boiler room, or other noise or heat source, must be protected from the heat and noise.

(c) Where the shell or an unsheathed weather deck forms a boundary of an accommodation space, the shell of deck must have a covering that prevents the formation of moisture.

(d) The deckheads of each accommodation space must be a light color.

(e) Each accommodation space in which water may accumulate must have a drain scupper located in the lowest part of the space, considering the average trim of the unit.

(f) Each public toilet space must be constructed and located so that its odors do not readily enter any sleeping, mess, recreational, or hospital space.

§ 108.199 Arrangement of sleeping spaces.

To the extent practicable, each occupation group must be berthed together in sleeping spaces arranged to minimize disturbance created by personnel leaving for or arriving from a working period.

§ 108.201 Size of sleeping spaces.

(a) No sleeping space may berth more than four persons, except that a sleeping space for personnel not regularly employed on a unit may berth up to six persons if the space meets § 108.199 and berthing of six persons in that space is authorized by the Commandant (CG-OES).

(b) Without deducting any equipment used by the occupants, each sleeping space must have for each occupant—

(1) 2.8 square meters (approximately 30 square feet) of deck area; and

(2) 6 cubic meters (approximately 210 cubic feet) of volume.

(c) Each sleeping space must have at least 191 centimeters (approximately 6 feet 3 inches) of headroom over clear deck areas.

§ 108.203 Berths and lockers.

(a) Each sleeping space must have a separate berth for each occupant.

(b) No more than one berth may be placed over another.

(c) Each berth must have a framework of hard, smooth material that is not likely to corrode or harbor vermin.

(d) Each berth must be arranged to provide ample room for easy occupancy.

(e) Each berth must be at least 76 centimeters (approximately 30 inches) wide by 193 centimeters (approximately 76 inches) long.

(f) Adjacent berths must be separated by a partition that extends at least 46 centimeters (approximately 18 inches) above the sleeping surface.

(g) The bottom of a lower berth must be at least 30 centimeters (approximately 12 inches) above the deck.

(h) The bottom of an upper berth must be at least 76 centimeters (approximately 2 feet 6 inches) from the bottom of the berth below it and from the deck or any pipe, ventilating duct, or other overhead installation.

(i) Each berth must have a berth light.

(j) Each occupant of a sleeping space must have a readily accessible locker of hard, smooth material.

(k) Each locker must be at least .194 square meters (approximately 300 square inches) in cross section and 1.53 meters (approximately 60 inches) high.

§ 108.205 Wash spaces; toilet spaces; and shower spaces.

(a) For the purposes of this section—

(1) “Private facility” means a toilet, washing, or shower space that is accessible only from one single or double occupancy sleeping space;

(2) “Semi-private facility” means a toilet, washing or shower space that is accessible from either of two one-to-four person occupancy sleeping spaces; and

(3) “Public facility” means a toilet, washing, or shower space that is not private or semi-private.

(b) Each private facility must have one toilet, one shower, and one washbasin, all of which may be in a single space.

(c) Each semi-private facility must have at least one toilet and one shower, which may be in a single space.

(d) Each room adjoining a semi-private facility must have a washbasin if a washbasin is not installed in a semi-private facility.

(e) Each unit must have enough public facilities to provide at least one toilet, one shower, and one washbasin for each eight persons who occupy sleeping spaces that do not have private or semi-private facilities.

(f) Urinals may be installed in toilet rooms, but no toilet required in this section may be replaced by a urinal.

(g) Each public toilet space and washing space must be convenient to the sleeping space that it serves.

(h) No public facility may open into any sleeping space.

(i) Each washbasin, shower, and bathtub must have hot and cold running water.

(j) Adjacent toilets must be separated by a partition that is open at the top and bottom for ventilation and cleaning.

(k) Public toilet facilities and shower facilities must be separated.

(l) Each public facility that is a toilet space must have at least one washbasin unless the only access to the toilet space is through a washing space.

(m) Each toilet must have an open front seat.

(n) Each washing space and toilet space must be so constructed and arranged that it can be kept in a clean and sanitary condition and the plumbing and mechanical appliances kept in good working order.

(o) Washbasins may be located in sleeping spaces.

§ 108.207 Messrooms.

(a) Each messroom that is not adjacent to the galley that serves it must be equipped with a steamtable.

(b) Each messroom must seat the number of persons expected to eat in the messroom at one time.

§ 108.209 Hospital spaces.

(a) Each unit carrying twelve or more persons on a voyage of more than three days must have a hospital space.

(b) Each hospital space must be suitably separated from other spaces.

(c) No hospital space may be used for any other purpose, when used for care of the sick.

(d) An entrance to each hospital space must be wide enough and arranged to readily admit a person on a stretcher.

(e) Each berth in a hospital space must be made of metal.

(f) Each upper berth must be hinged and arranged so that it can be secured clear of the lower berth.

(g) Each hospital space must have at least one berth that is accessible from both sides.

(h) Each hospital space must have one berth for every 12 persons or portion thereof on board, who are not berthed in single occupancy rooms, but the number of berths need not exceed six.

(i) Each hospital space must have a toilet, washbasin, and bathtub or shower accessible from the hospital space.

(j) Each hospital space must have clothes lockers, a table, and seats.

§ 108.210 Hospital space not required.

(a) The hospital space required under § 108.209 is not required on a unit if one single or double occupancy sleeping space, designated and equipped as a treatment or isolation room or both is available for immediate medical use, and has—

(1) An entrance that is wide enough and arranged to readily admit a person on a stretcher;

(2) A single berth or examination table that is accessible from both sides; and

(3) A washbasin in or immediately adjacent to it.

§ 108.211 Miscellaneous accommodation spaces.

(a) Each unit must have enough facilities for personnel to wash their own clothes, including at least one tub or sink that has hot and cold running water.

(b) Each unit must have enough equipment or space for the personnel to dry their own clothes.

(c) Each unit must have an accommodation space that can be used for recreation.

§ 108.213 Heating requirements.

(a) Each accommodation space must be heated by a heating system that can maintain at least 20 °C. (68 °F.).

(b) Radiators and other heating apparatuses must be constructed, located or shielded so as to avoid risk of—

(1) Fire;

(2) Danger; and

(3) Discomfort

to the occupants of each accommodation space.

(c) Each exposed pipe in an accommodation space, leading to a radiator or other heating apparatus must be insulated.

§ 108.215 Insect screens.

(a) Accommodation spaces must be protected against the admission of insects.

(b) Insect screens must be installed when natural ventilation is provided.

§ 108.217 Guardrails and bulwarks.

(a) Each unit must have guardrails or bulwarks along the edge of the bridge, of each deck, and of each deck opening.

(b) Each guardrail and bulwark must extend at least one meter (39.37 inches) above the deck except where this height may interfere with the normal operation of the unit, a lesser height may be approved.

(c) Removable guardrails may be installed where operating conditions warrant their use.

§ 108.219 Guardrails.

(a) Except for exposed peripheries of a freeboard or superstructure deck, each guardrail must have at least two evenly spaced courses.

(b) At exposed peripheries of a freeboard or superstructure deck, each guardrail must have at least three courses not more than 38 centimeters (15 in.) apart with the lowest course not more than 23 centimeters (9 in.) above the deck.

(c) For a rounded gunwale, the guardrail must be at the edge of the flat of the deck.