PUBLIC MOBILE SERVICES

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CFR Regulation

PUBLIC MOBILE SERVICES

Citation

47 CFR Part 22

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127

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§ 22.5Citizenship.

The rules in this section implement section 310 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (47 U.S.C. § 310), in regard to the citizenship of licensees in the Public Mobile Services.
(a) Foreign governments. The FCC will not grant an authorization in the Public Mobile Services to any foreign government or any representative thereof.
(b) Alien ownership or control. The FCC will not grant an authorization in the Public Mobile Services to:
(1) Any alien or the representative of any alien;
(2) Any corporation organized under the laws of any foreign government;
(3) Any corporation of which more than one-fifth of the capital stock is owned of record or voted by aliens or their representatives or by a foreign government or representative thereof, or by any corporation organized under the laws of a foreign country;
(4) Any corporation directly or indirectly controlled by any other corporation of which more than one-fourth of the capital stock is owned of record or voted by aliens, their representatives, or by a foreign government or representative thereof, or by any corporation organized under the laws of a foreign country, if the FCC finds that the public interest will be served by the refusal or revocation of such license.

§ 22.7General eligibility.

Any entity, other than those precluded by section 310 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, 47 U.S.C. 310, is eligible to hold a license under this part. Applications are granted only if the applicant is legally, financially, technically and otherwise qualified to render the proposed service.

§ 22.99Definitions.

Terms used in this part have the following meanings:
Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which licensees are authorized to offer and provide radio telecommunications service for hire to subscribers in aircraft.
Airborne station. A mobile station in the Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service authorized for use on aircraft while in flight or on the ground.
Antenna structure. A structure comprising an antenna, the tower or other structure that exists solely to support antennas, and any surmounting appurtenances (attachments such as beacons or lightning rods).
Antenna. A device that converts radio frequency electrical energy to radiated electromagnetic energy and vice versa; in a transmitting station, the device from which radio waves are emitted.
Authorized bandwidth. The necessary or occupied bandwidth of an emission, whichever is more.
Authorized spectrum. The spectral width of that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum within which the emission power of the authorized transmitter(s) must be contained, in accordance with the rules in this part. The authorized spectrum comprises one channel bandwidth or the bandwidths of two or more contiguous channels.
Auxiliary test transmitter. A fixed transmitter used to test Public Mobile systems.
Base transmitter. A stationary transmitter that provides radio telecommunications service to mobile and/or fixed receivers, including those associated with mobile stations.
Blanketing interference. Disturbance in consumer receivers located in the immediate vicinity of a transmitter, caused by currents directly induced into the consumer receiver's circuitry by the relatively high field strength of the transmitter.
Cardinal radials. Eight imaginary straight lines extending radially on the ground from an antenna location in the following azimuths with respect to true North: 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315°.
Carrier frequency. The frequency of the unmodulated electrical wave at the output of an amplitude modulated (AM), frequency modulated (FM) or phase modulated (PM) transmitter.
Cell. The service area of an individual transmitter location in a cellular system.
Cellular Geographic Service Area (CGSA). The licensed geographic area within which a Cellular system is entitled to protection and adverse effects are recognized, for the purpose of determining whether a petitioner has standing, in the Cellular Radiotelephone Service, and within which the Cellular licensee is permitted to transmit, or consent to allow other Cellular licensees to transmit, electromagnetic energy and signals on the assigned channel block, in order to provide Cellular service. See § 22.911.
Cellular Market Area (CMA). A standard geographic area used by the FCC for administrative convenience in the licensing of Cellular systems; a more recent term for “Cellular market” (and includes Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) and Rural Service Areas (RSAs)). See § 22.909.
Cellular markets. This term is obsolescent. See definition for “Cellular Market Area (CMA).”
Cellular Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which licensees are authorized to offer and provide cellular service for hire to the general public. This service was formerly titled Domestic Public Cellular Radio Telecommunications Service.
Cellular repeater. In the Cellular Radiotelephone Service, a stationary transmitter or device that automatically re-radiates the transmissions of base transmitters at a particular cell site and mobile stations communicating with those base transmitters, with or without channel translation.
Cellular service. Radio telecommunication services provided using a cellular system.
Cellular system. An automated high-capacity system of one or more multi-channel base stations designed to provide radio telecommunication services to mobile stations over a wide area in a spectrally efficient manner. Cellular systems employ techniques such as automatic hand-off between base stations of communications in progress to enable channels to be re-used at relatively short distances.
Center frequency. The frequency of the middle of the bandwidth of a channel.
Central office transmitter. A fixed transmitter in the Rural Radiotelephone Service that provides service to rural subscriber stations.
CGSA. See Cellular Geographic Service Area.
Channel. The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum assigned by the FCC for one emission. In certain circumstances, however, more than one emission may be transmitted on a channel.
Channel bandwidth. The spectral width of a channel, as specified in this part, within which 99% of the emission power must be contained.
Channel block. A group of channels that are assigned together, not individually.
Channel pair. Two channels that are assigned together, not individually. In this part, channel pairs are indicated by an ellipsis between the center frequencies.
Communications channel. In the Cellular Radiotelephone and Air-Ground Radiotelephone Services, a channel used to carry subscriber communications.
Construction period. The period between the date of grant of an authorization and the date of required commencement of service.
Control channel. In the Cellular Radiotelephone Service and the Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service, a channel used to transmit information necessary to establish or maintain communications. In the other Public Mobile Services, a channel that may be assigned to a control transmitter.
Control point. A location where the operation of a public mobile station is supervised and controlled by the licensee of that station.
Control transmitter. A fixed transmitter in the Public Mobile Services that transmits control signals to one or more base or fixed stations for the purpose of controlling the operation of the base or fixed stations, and/or transmits subscriber communications to one or more base or fixed stations that retransmit them to subscribers.
Dead spots. Small areas within a service area where the field strength is lower than the minimum level for reliable service. Service within dead spots is presumed.
Dispatch service. A radiotelephone service comprising communications between a dispatcher and one or more mobile units. These communications normally do not exceed one minute in duration and are transmitted directly through a base station, without passing through mobile telephone switching facilities.
Effective radiated power (ERP). The effective radiated power of a transmitter (with antenna, transmission line, duplexers etc.) is the power that would be necessary at the input terminals of a reference half-wave dipole antenna in order to produce the same maximum field intensity. ERP is usually calculated by multiplying the measured transmitter output power by the specified antenna system gain, relative to a half-wave dipole, in the direction of interest.
Emission. The electromagnetic energy radiated from an antenna.
Emission designator. An internationally accepted symbol for describing an emission in terms of its bandwidth and the characteristics of its modulation, if any. See § 2.201 of this chapter for details.
Emission mask. The design limits imposed, as a condition or certification, on the mean power of emissions as a function of frequency both within the authorized bandwidth and in the adjacent spectrum.
Equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP). The equivalent isotropically radiated power of a transmitter (with antenna, transmission line, duplexers etc.) is the power that would be necessary at the input terminals of a reference isotropic radiator in order to produce the same maximum field intensity. An isotropic radiator is a theoretical lossless point source of radiation with unity gain in all directions. EIRP is usually calculated by multiplying the measured transmitter output power by the specified antenna system gain, relative to an isotropic radiator, in the direction of interest.
Extension. In the Cellular Radiotelephone Service, an area within the service area boundary (calculated using the methodology of § 22.911) of a Cellular system but outside the licensed Cellular Geographic Service Area boundary. See §§ 22.911 and 22.912.
Facsimile service. Transmission of still images from one place to another by means of radio.
Fill-in transmitters. Transmitters added to a station, in the same area and transmitting on the same channel or channel block as previously authorized transmitters, that do not expand the existing service area, but are established for the purpose of improving reception in dead spots.
Fixed transmitter. A stationary transmitter that communicates with other stationary transmitters.
Frequency. The number of cycles occurring per second of an electrical or electromagnetic wave; a number representing a specific point in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Ground station. In the Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service, a stationary transmitter that provides service to airborne mobile stations.
Gulf of Mexico Service Area (GMSA). The cellular market comprising the water area of the Gulf of Mexico bounded on the West, North and East by the coastline. Coastline, for this purpose, means the line of ordinary low water along that portion of the coast which is in direct contact with the open sea, and the line marking the seaward limit of inland waters. Inland waters include bays, historic inland waters and waters circumscribed by a fringe of islands within the immediate vicinity of the shoreline.
Height above average terrain (HAAT). The height of an antenna above the average elevation of the surrounding area.
In-building radiation systems. Supplementary systems comprising low power transmitters, receivers, indoor antennas and/or leaky coaxial cable radiators, designed to improve service reliability inside buildings or structures located within the service areas of stations in the Public Mobile Services.
Initial cellular applications. Applications for authority to construct and operate a new cellular system, excluding applications for interim operating authority.
Interfering contour. The locus of points surrounding a transmitter where the predicted median field strength of the signal from that transmitter is the maximum field strength that is not considered to cause interference at the service contour of another transmitter.
Interoffice transmitter. A fixed transmitter in the Rural Radiotelephone Service that communicates with other interoffice transmitters for the purpose of interconnecting rural central offices.
Mobile station. One or more transmitters that are capable of operation while in motion.
Necessary bandwidth. The calculated spectral width of an emission. Calculations are made using procedures set forth in part 2 of this chapter. The bandwidth so calculated is considered to be the minimum necessary to convey information at the desired rate with the desired accuracy.
Occupied bandwidth. The measured spectral width of an emission. The measurement determines occupied bandwidth as the difference between upper and lower frequencies where 0.5% of the emission power is above the upper frequency and 0.5% of the emission power is below the lower frequency.
Offshore central transmitter. A fixed transmitter in the Offshore Radiotelephone Service that provides service to offshore subscriber stations.
Offshore Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which licensees are authorized to offer and provide radio telecommunication services for hire to subscribers on structures in the offshore coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico.
Offshore subscriber station. One or more fixed and/or mobile transmitters in the Offshore Radiotelephone Service that receive service from offshore central transmitters.
Pager. A small radio receiver designed to be carried by a person and to give an aural, visual or tactile indication when activated by the reception of a radio signal containing its specific code. It may also reproduce sounds and/or display messages that were also transmitted. Some pagers also transmit a radio signal acknowledging that a message has been received.
Paging geographic area authorization. An authorization conveying the exclusive right to establish and expand one or more stations throughout a paging geographic area or, in the case of a partitioned geographic area, throughout a specified portion of a paging geographic area, on a specified channel allocated for assignment in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service. These are subject to the conditions that no interference may be caused to existing co-channel stations operated by other licensees within the paging geographic area and that no interference may be caused to existing or proposed co-channel stations of other licensees in adjoining paging geographic areas.
Paging geographic areas. Standard geographic areas used by the FCC for administrative convenience in the licensing of stations to operate on channels allocated for assignment in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service. See § 22.503(b).
Paging and Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which common carriers are authorized to offer and provide paging and radiotelephone service for hire to the general public. This service was formerly titled Public Land Mobile Service.
Paging service. Transmission of coded radio signals for the purpose of activating specific pagers; such transmissions may include messages and/or sounds.
Power spectral density (PSD). The power of an emission in the frequency domain, such as in terms of ERP or EIRP, stated per unit bandwidth, e.g., watts/MHz.
Public Mobile Services. Radio services in which licensees are authorized to offer and provide mobile and related fixed radio telecommunication services for hire to the public.
Radio telecommunication services. Communication services provided by the use of radio, including radiotelephone, radiotelegraph, paging and facsimile service.
Radiotelegraph service. Transmission of messages from one place to another by means of radio.
Radiotelephone service. Transmission of sound from one place to another by means of radio.
Repeater. A fixed transmitter that retransmits the signals of other stations.
Roamer. A mobile station receiving service from a station or system in the Public Mobile Services other than one to which it is a subscriber.
Rural Radiotelephone Service. A radio service in which licensees are authorized to offer and provide radio telecommunication services for hire to subscribers in areas where it is not feasible to provide communication services by wire or other means.
Rural subscriber station. One or more fixed transmitters in the Rural Radiotelephone Service that receive service from central office transmitters.
Service area. The geographic area considered by the FCC to be reliably served by a station in the Public Mobile Services.
Service contour. The locus of points surrounding a transmitter where the predicted median field strength of the signal from that transmitter is the minimum field strength that is considered sufficient to provide reliable service to mobile stations.
Service to subscribers. Service to at least one subscriber that is not affiliated with, controlled by or related to the providing carrier.
Signal booster. A stationary device that automatically reradiates signals from base transmitters without channel translation, for the purpose of improving the reliability of existing service by increasing the signal strength in dead spots.
Station. A station equipped to engage in radio communication or radio transmission of energy (47 U.S.C. 153(k)).
Telecommunications common carrier. An individual, partnership, association, joint-stock company, trust or corporation engaged in rendering radio telecommunications services to the general public for hire.
Temporary fixed station. One or more fixed transmitters that normally do not remain at any particular location for longer than 6 months.
Universal licensing system. The Universal Licensing System (ULS) is the consolidated database, application filing system, and processing system for all Wireless Radio Services. ULS supports electronic filing of all applications and related documents by applicants and licensees in the Wireless Radio Services, and provides public access to licensing information.
Unserved Area. With regard to a channel block allocated for assignment in the Cellular Radiotelephone Service: Geographic area in the District of Columbia, or any State, Territory or Possession of the United States of America that is not within any Cellular Geographic Service Area of any Cellular system authorized to transmit on that channel block. With regard to a channel allocated for assignment in the Paging and Radiotelephone service: Geographic area within the District of Columbia, or any State, Territory or possession of the United States of America that is not within the service contour of any base transmitter in any station authorized to transmit on that channel.

§ 22.131Procedures for mutually exclusive applications.

Two or more pending applications are mutually exclusive if the grant of one application would effectively preclude the grant of one or more of the others under Commission rules governing the Public Mobile Services involved. The Commission uses the general procedures in this section for processing mutually exclusive applications in the Public Mobile Services. Additional specific procedures are prescribed in the subparts of this part governing the individual Public Mobile Services (see §§ 22.509, 22.717, and 22.949) and in part 1 of this chapter.
(a) Separate applications. Any applicant that files an application knowing that it will be mutually exclusive with one or more applications should not include in the mutually exclusive application a request for other channels or facilities that would not, by themselves, render the application mutually exclusive with those other applications. Instead, the request for such other channels or facilities should be filed in a separate application.
(b) Filing groups. Pending mutually exclusive applications are processed in filing groups. Mutually exclusive applications in a filing group are given concurrent consideration. The Commission may dismiss as defective (pursuant to § 1.945 of this chapter) any mutually exclusive application(s) whose filing date is outside of the date range for inclusion in the filing group. The types of filing groups used in day-to-day application processing are specified in paragraph (c)(3) of this section. A filing group is one of the following types:
(1) Same-day filing group. A same-day filing group comprises all mutually exclusive applications whose filing date is the same day, which is normally the filing date of the first-filed application(s).
(2) Thirty-day notice and cut-off filing group. A 30-day notice and cut-off filing group comprises mutually exclusive applications whose filing date is no later than thirty (30) days after the date of the Public Notice listing the first-filed application(s) (according to the filing dates) as acceptable for filing.
(3) Window filing group. A window filing group comprises mutually exclusive applications whose filing date is within an announced filing window. An announced filing window is a period of time between and including two specific dates, which are the first and last dates on which applications (or amendments) for a particular purpose may be accepted for filing. In the case of a one-day window, the two dates are the same. The dates are made known to the public in advance.
(c) Procedures. Generally, the Commission may grant one application in a filing group of mutually exclusive applications and dismiss the other application(s) in the filing that are excluded by that grant, pursuant to § 1.945 of this chapter.
(1) Selection methods. In selecting the application to grant, the Commission will use competitive bidding.
(2) Dismissal of applications. The Commission may dismiss any application in a filing group that is defective or otherwise subject to dismissal under § 1.945 of this chapter, either before or after employing selection procedures.
(3) Type of filing group used. Except as otherwise provided in this part, the type of filing group used in the processing of two or more mutually exclusive applications depends upon the purpose(s) of the applications.
(i) If any mutually exclusive application filed on the earliest filing date is an application for modification and none of the mutually exclusive applications is a timely-filed application for renewal, a same-day filing group is used.
(ii) If all of the mutually exclusive applications filed on the earliest filing date are applications for initial authorization, a 30-day notice and cut-off filing group is used.
(4) Disposition. If there is only one application in any type of filing group, the Commission may grant that application and dismiss without prejudice any mutually exclusive applications not in the filing group. If there is more than one mutually exclusive application in a filing group, the Commission disposes of these applications as follows:
(i) Applications in a 30-day notice and cut-off filing group. (A) If all of the mutually exclusive applications in a 30-day notice and cut-off filing group are applications for initial authorization, the FCC administers competitive bidding procedures in accordance with §§ 22.201 through 22.227 and subpart Q of part 1 of this chapter, as applicable. After such procedures, the application of the successful bidder may be granted and the other applications may be dismissed without prejudice.
(B) If any of the mutually exclusive applications in a 30-day notice and cut-off filing group is an application for modification, the Commission may attempt to resolve the mutual exclusivity by facilitating a settlement between the applicants. If a settlement is not reached within a reasonable time, the FCC may designate all applications in the filing group for comparative consideration in a hearing. In this event, the result of the hearing disposes all of the applications in the filing group.
(ii) Applications in a same-day filing group. If there are two or more mutually exclusive applications in a same-day filing group, the Commission may attempt to resolve the mutual exclusivity by facilitating a settlement between the applicants. If a settlement is not reached within a reasonable time, the Commission may designate all applications in the filing group for comparative consideration in a hearing. In this event, the result of the hearing disposes of all of the applications in the filing group.
(iii) Applications in a window filing group. Applications in a window filing group are processed in accordance with the procedures for a 30-day notice and cut-off filing group in paragraph (c)(4)(ii) of this section.
(d) Terminology. For the purposes of this section, terms have the following meanings:
(1) The filing date of an application is the date on which that application was received in a condition acceptable for filing or the date on which the most recently filed major amendment to that application was received, whichever is later, excluding major amendments in the following circumstances:
(i) The major amendment reflects only a change in ownership or control found by the Commission to be in the public interest;
(ii) The major amendment as received is defective or otherwise found unacceptable for filing; or
(iii) The application being amended has been designated for hearing and the Commission or the presiding officer accepts the major amendment.
(2) An application for initial authorization is:
(i) Any application requesting an authorization for a new system or station;
(ii) Any application requesting authorization for an existing station to operate on an additional channel, unless the additional channel is for paired two-way radiotelephone operation, is in the same frequency range as the existing channel(s), and will be operationally integrated with the existing channel(s) such as by trunking;
(iii) Any application requesting authorization for a new transmitter at a location more than 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) from any existing transmitters of the applicant licensee on the requested channel or channel block; or
(iv) Any application to expand the Cellular Geographic Service Area of an existing Cellular system. See § 22.911.
(v) Any “short-form” application (filed on FCC Form 175) requesting a new paging geographic area authorization.

§ 22.143Construction prior to grant of application.

Applicants may construct facilities in the Public Mobile services prior to grant of their applications, subject to the provisions of this section, but must not operate such facilities until the FCC grants an authorization. If the conditions stated in this section are not met, applicants must not begin to construct facilities in the Public Mobile Services.
(a) When applicants may begin construction. An applicant may begin construction of a facility 35 days after the date of the Public Notice listing the application for that facility as acceptable for filing.
(b) Notification to stop. If the FCC for any reason determines that construction should not be started or should be stopped while an application is pending, and so notifies the applicant, orally (followed by written confirmation) or in writing, the applicant must not begin construction or, if construction has begun, must stop construction immediately.
(c) Assumption of risk. Applicants that begin construction pursuant to this section before receiving an authorization do so at their own risk and have no recourse against the United States for any losses resulting from:
(1) Applications that are not granted;
(2) Errors or delays in issuing Public Notices;
(3) Having to alter, relocate or dismantle the facility; or
(4) Incurring whatever costs may be necessary to bring the facility into compliance with applicable laws, or FCC rules and orders.
(d) Conditions. Except as indicated, all pre-grant construction is subject to the following conditions:
(1) The application is not mutually exclusive with any other application, except for successful bidders and tentative selectees in the Cellular Radiotelephone Service;
(2) No petitions to deny the application have been filed;
(3) The application does not include a request for a waiver of one or more FCC rules;
(4) For any construction or alteration that would exceed the requirements of § 17.7 of this chapter, the licensee has notified the appropriate Regional Office of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA Form 7460-1), secured a valid FAA determination of “no hazard,” and received antenna height clearance and obstruction marking and lighting specifications (FCC Form 854R) from the FCC for the proposed construction or alteration.
(5) The applicant has indicated in the application that the proposed facility would not have a significant environmental effect, in accordance with §§ 1.1301 through 1.1319 of this chapter; and,
(6) Under applicable international agreements and rules in this part, individual coordination of the proposed channel assignment(s) with a foreign administration is not required.

§ 22.150Standard pre-filing technical coordination procedure.

For operations on certain channels in the Public Mobile Services, carriers must attempt to coordinate the proposed use of spectrum with other spectrum users prior to filing an application for authority to operate a station. Rules requiring this procedure for specific channels and types of stations are contained in the subparts governing the individual Public Mobile Services.
(a) Coordination comprises two steps—notification and response. Each step may be accomplished orally or in writing.
(b) Notification must include relevant technical details of the proposal. At minimum, this should include the following:
(1) Geographical coordinates of the antenna site(s).
(2) Transmitting and receiving channels to be added or changed.
(3) Transmitting power, emission type and polarization.
(4) Transmitting antenna pattern and maximum gain.
(5) Transmitting antenna height above ground level.
(c) Applicants and licensees receiving notification must respond promptly, even if no channel usage conflicts are anticipated. If any notified party fails to respond within 30 days, the applicant may file the application without a response from that party.
(d) The 30-day period begins on the date the notification is submitted to the Commission via the ULS. If the notification is by mail, this date may be ascertained by:
(1) The return receipt on certified mail,
(2) The enclosure of a card to be dated and returned by the party being notified, or
(3) A reasonable estimate of the time required for the mail to reach its destination. In this case, the date when the 30-day period will expire must be stated in the notification.
(e) All channel usage conflicts discovered during the coordination process should be resolved prior to filing of the application. If the applicant is unable or unwilling to resolve a particular conflict, the application may be accepted for filing if it contains a statement describing the unresolved conflict and a brief explanation of the reasons why a resolution was not achieved.
(f) If a number of changes in the technical parameters of a proposed facility become necessary during the course of the coordination process, an attempt should be made to minimize the number of separate notifications. If the changes are incorporated into a completely revised notice, the items that were changed from the previous notice should be identified.
(g) In situations where subsequent changes are not numerous or complex, the party receiving the changed notification should make an effort to respond in less than 30 days. If the applicant believes a shorter response time is reasonable and appropriate, it should so indicate in the notice and suggest a response date.
(h) If a subsequent change in the technical parameters of a proposed facility could not affect the facilities of one or more of the parties that received an initial notification, the applicant is not required to coordinate that change with these parties. However, these parties must be advised of the change and of the opinion that coordination is not required.

§ 22.165Additional transmitters for existing systems.

A licensee may operate additional transmitters at additional locations on the same channel or channel block as its existing system without obtaining prior Commission approval provided:
(a) International coordination. The locations and/or technical parameters of the additional transmitters are such that individual coordination of the channel assignment(s) with a foreign administration, under applicable international agreements and rules in this part, is not required.
(b) Antenna structure registration. Certain antenna structures must be registered with the Commission prior to construction or alteration. Registration requirements are contained in part 17 of this chapter.
(c) Environmental. The additional transmitters must not have a significant environmental effect as defined by §§ 1.1301 through 1.1319 of this chapter.
(d) Paging and Radiotelephone Service. The provisions in this paragraph apply for stations in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service.
(1) The interfering contours of the additional transmitter(s) must be totally encompassed by the composite interfering contour of the existing station (or stations under common control of the applicant) on the same channel, except that this limitation does not apply to nationwide network paging stations or in-building radiation systems.
(2) [Reserved]
(3) The additional transmitters must not operate on control channels in the 72-76 MHz, 470-512 MHz, 928 MHz, 932 MHz, 941 MHz or 959 MHz frequency ranges.
(e) Cellular Radiotelephone Service. The service area boundaries (SABs) of the additional transmitters, as calculated by the method set forth in § 22.911(a), must not cause an expansion of the Cellular Geographic Service Area (CGSA), and must not extend outside the CGSA boundary into Unserved Area unless such extension is less than 130 contiguous square kilometers (50 contiguous square miles). The licensee must seek prior approval (using FCC Form 601) regarding any transmitters to be added under this section that would cause an expansion of the CGSA, or an SAB extension of 130 contiguous square kilometers (50 contiguous square miles) or more, into Unserved Area. See §§ 22.912, 22.953.
(f) [Reserved]
(g) Rural Radiotelephone Service. A “service area” and “interfering contours” must be determined using the same method as for stations in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service. The service area and interfering contours so determined for the additional transmitter(s) must be totally encompassed by the similarly determined composite service area contour and predicted interfering contour, respectively, of the existing station on the same channel. This section does not apply to Basic Exchange Telecommunications Radio Systems.
(h) Offshore Radiotelephone Service. This section does not apply to stations in the Offshore Radiotelephone Service.
(i) Provision of information upon request. Upon request by the FCC, licensees must supply administrative or technical information concerning the additional transmitters. At the time transmitters are added pursuant to this section, licensees must make a record of the pertinent technical and administrative information so that such information is readily available. See § 22.303.

§ 22.169International coordination.

Operation of systems and channel assignments under this part are subject to the applicable provisions and requirements of treaties and other international agreements between the United States government and the governments of Canada and Mexico.

§ 22.201Paging geographic area authorizations are subject to competitive bidding.

Mutually exclusive initial applications for paging geographic area licenses are subject to competitive bidding. The general competitive bidding procedures set forth in part 1, subpart Q of this chapter will apply unless otherwise provided in this subpart and part 90 of this chapter.

§ 22.217Bidding credit for small businesses.

A winning bidder that qualifies as a small business, as defined in § 22.223(b)(1), or a consortium of small businesses may use a bidding credit of thirty-five (35) percent to lower the cost of its winning bid. A winning bidder that qualifies as a small business, as defined in § 22.223(b)(2), or consortium of small businesses may use a bidding credit of twenty-five (25) percent to lower the cost of its winning bid.

§ 22.221Eligibility for partitioned licenses.

If partitioned licenses are being applied for in conjunction with a license(s) to be awarded through competitive bidding procedures—
(a) The applicable procedures for filing short-form applications and for submitting upfront payments and down payments contained in this chapter shall be followed by the applicant, who must disclose as part of its short-form application all parties to agreement(s) with or among other entities to partition the license pursuant to this section, if won at auction ( see 47 CFR 1.2105(a)(2)(viii));
(b) Each party to an agreement to partition the authorization must file a long-form application (FCC Form 601) for its respective, mutually agreed-upon geographic area together with the application for the remainder of the MEA or EA filed by the auction winner.
(c) If the partitioned authorization is being applied for as a partial assignment of the MEA or EA authorization following grant of the initial authorization, request for authorization for partial assignment of an authorization shall be made pursuant to § 1.948 of this part.

§ 22.223Designated entities.

(a) Scope. The definitions in this section apply to §§ 22.201 through 22.227, unless otherwise specified in those sections.
(b) A small business is an entity that either:
(1) Together with its affiliates and controlling interests has average gross revenues that are not more than $3 million for the preceding three years; or
(2) Together with its affiliates and controlling interests has average gross revenues that are not more than $15 million for the preceding three years.

§ 22.229Designated entities.

(a) Eligibility for small business provisions. (1) A very small business is an entity that, together with its controlling interests and affiliates, has average annual gross revenues not exceeding $3 million for the preceding three years.
(2) A small business is an entity that, together with its controlling interests and affiliates, has average annual gross revenues not exceeding $15 million for the preceding three years.
(3) An entrepreneur is an entity that, together with its controlling interests and affiliates, has average annual gross revenues not exceeding $40 million for the preceding three years.
(b) Bidding credits. A winning bidder that qualifies as a very small business, as defined in this section, or a consortium of very small businesses may use the bidding credit specified in § 1.2110(f)(2)(i) of this chapter. A winning bidder that qualifies as a small business, as defined in this section, or a consortium of small businesses may use the bidding credit specified in § 1.2110(f)(2)(ii) of this chapter. A winning bidder that qualifies as an entrepreneur, as defined in this section, or a consortium of entrepreneurs may use the bidding credit specified in § 1.2110(f)(2)(iii) of this chapter.

§ 22.307Operation during emergency.

Licensees of stations in the Public Mobile services may, during a period of emergency in which normal communications facilities are disrupted as a result of hurricane, flood, earthquake or other natural disaster, civil unrest, widespread vandalism, national emergencies or emergencies declared by Executive Order of the President, use their stations to temporarily provide emergency communications services in a manner or configuration not normally allowed by this part, provided that such operations comply with the provisions of this section.
(a) Technical limitations. Public Mobile stations providing temporary emergency communications service must not transmit:
(1) On channels other than those authorized for normal operations.
(2) With power in excess of that authorized for normal operations;
(3) Emission types other than those authorized for normal operations.
(b) Discontinuance. Temporary emergency use of Public Mobile stations must be discontinued as soon as normal communication facilities are restored. The FCC may, at any time, order the discontinuance of any such emergency communication services.

§ 22.313Station identification.

The licensee of each station in the Public Mobile Services must ensure that the transmissions of that station are identified in accordance with the requirements of this section.
(a) Station identification is not required for transmission by:
(1) Stations in the Cellular Radiotelephone Service;
(2) General aviation ground stations in the Air-ground Radiotelephone Service;
(3) [Reserved]
(4) Stations using Basic Exchange Telephone Radio Systems in the Rural Radiotelephone Service;
(5) [Reserved]
(6) Stations operating pursuant to paging geographic area authorizations.
(b) For all other stations in the Public Mobile Services, station identification must be transmitted each hour within five minutes of the hour, or upon completion of the first transmission after the hour. Transmission of station identification may be temporarily delayed to avoid interrupting the continuity of any public communication in progress, provided that station identification is transmitted at the conclusion of that public communication.
(c) Station identification must be transmitted by telephony using the English language or by telegraphy using the international Morse code, and in a form that can be received using equipment appropriate for the modulation type employed, and understood without the use of unscrambling devices, except that, alternatively, station identification may be transmitted digitally, provided that the licensee provides the Commission with information sufficient to decode the digital transmission to ascertain the call sign. Station identification comprises transmission of the call sign assigned by the Commission to the station, however, the following may be used in lieu of the call sign.
(1) For transmission from subscriber operated transmitters, the telephone number or other designation assigned by the carrier, provided that a written record of such designations is maintained by the carrier;
(2) For general aviation airborne mobile stations in the Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service, the official FAA registration number of the aircraft;
(3) For stations in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service, a call sign assigned to another station within the same system.

§ 22.351Channel assignment policy.

The channels allocated for use in the Public Mobile Services are listed in the applicable subparts of this part. Channels and channel blocks are assigned in such a manner as to facilitate the rendition of service on an interference-free basis in each service area. Except as otherwise provided in this part, each channel or channel block is assigned exclusively to one licensee in each service area. All applicants for, and licensees of, stations in the Public Mobile Services shall cooperate in the selection and use of channels in order to minimize interference and obtain the most efficient use of the allocated spectrum.

§ 22.352Protection from interference.

Public Mobile Service stations operating in accordance with applicable FCC rules and the terms and conditions of their authorizations are normally considered to be non-interfering. If the FCC determines, however, that interference that significantly interrupts or degrades a radio service is being caused, it may, in accordance with the provisions of sections 303(f) and 316 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, (47 U.S.C. 303(f), 316), require modifications to any Public Mobile station as necessary to eliminate such interference.
(a) Failure to operate as authorized. Any licensee causing interference to the service of other stations by failing to operate its station in full accordance with its authorization and applicable FCC rules shall discontinue all transmissions, except those necessary for the immediate safety of life or property, until it can bring its station into full compliance with the authorization and rules.
(b) Intermodulation interference. Licensees should attempt to resolve such interference by technical means.
(c) Situations in which no protection is afforded. Except as provided elsewhere in this part, no protection from interference is afforded in the following situations:
(1) Interference to base receivers from base or fixed transmitters. Licensees should attempt to resolve such interference by technical means or operating arrangements.
(2) Inteference to mobile receivers from mobile transmitters. No protection is provided against mobile-to-mobile interference.
(3) Interference to base receivers from mobile transmitters. No protection is provided against mobile-to-base interference.
(4) Interference to fixed stations. Licensees should attempt to resolve such interference by technical means or operating arrangements.
(5) Anomalous or infrequent propagation modes. No protection is provided against interference caused by tropospheric and ionospheric propagation of signals.
(6) Facilities for which the Commission is not notified. No protection is provided against interference to the service of any additional or modified transmitter operating pursuant to § 1.929 or § 22.165, unless and until the licensee modifies its authorization using FCC Form 601.
(7) In-building radiation systems. No protection is provided against interference to the service of in-building radiation systems (see § 22.383).

§ 22.353Blanketing interference.

Licensees of Public Mobile Services stations are responsible for resolving cases of blanketing interference in accordance with the provisions of this section.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, licensees must resolve any cases of blanketing interference in their area of responsibility caused by operation of their transmitter(s) during a one-year period following commencement of service from new or modified transmitter(s). Interference must be resolved promptly at no cost to the complainant.
(b) The area of responsibility is that area in the immediate vicinity of the transmitting antenna of stations where the field strength of the electromagnetic radiation from such stations equals or exceeds 115 dBµV/m. To determine the radial distance to the boundary of this area, the following formula must be used:
where d is the radial distance to the boundary, in kilometers
p is the radial effective radiated power, in kilowatts
The maximum effective radiated power in the pertinent direction, without consideration of the antenna's vertical radiation pattern or height, must be used in the formula.
(c) Licensees are not required to resolve blanketing interference to mobile receivers or non-RF devices or blanketing interference occurring as a result of malfunctioning or mistuned receivers, improperly installed consumer antenna systems, or the use of high gain antennas or antenna booster amplifiers by consumers.
(d) Licensees that install transmitting antennas at a location where there are already one or more transmitting antennas are responsible for resolving any new cases of blanketing interference in accordance with this section.
(e) Two or more licensees that concurrently install transmitting antennas at the same location are jointly responsible for resolving blanketing interference cases, unless the FCC can readily determine which station is causing the interference, in which case the licensee of that station is held fully responsible.
(f) After the one year period of responsibility to resolve blanketing interference, licensees must provide upon request technical information to complainants on remedies for blanketing interference.

§ 22.355Frequency tolerance.

Except as otherwise provided in this part, the carrier frequency of each transmitter in the Public Mobile Services must be maintained within the tolerances given in Table C-1 of this section.
Table C-1—Frequency Tolerance for Transmitters in the Public Mobile Services
Frequency range (MHz)
Base, fixed (ppm)
Mobile >3 watts (ppm)
Mobile ≤3 watts (ppm)
25 to 50
20.0
20.0
50.0
50 to 450
5.0
5.0
50.0
450 to 512
2.5
5.0
5.0
821 to 896
1.5
2.5
2.5
928 to 929
5.0
n/a
n/a
929 to 960
1.5
n/a
n/a
2110 to 2220
10.0
n/a
n/a

§ 22.359Emission limitations.

The rules in this section govern the spectral characteristics of emissions in the Public Mobile Services, except for the Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service (see § 22.861, instead) and the Cellular Radiotelephone Service (see § 22.917, instead).
(a) Out of band emissions. The power of any emission outside of the authorized operating frequency ranges must be attenuated below the transmitting power (P) by a factor of at least 43 + 10 log (P) dB.
(b) Measurement procedure. Compliance with these rules is based on the use of measurement instrumentation employing a resolution bandwidth of 30 kHz or more. In the 60 kHz bands immediately outside and adjacent to the authorized frequency range or channel, a resolution bandwidth of at least one percent of the emission bandwidth of the fundamental emission of the transmitter may be employed. A narrower resolution bandwidth is permitted in all cases to improve measurement accuracy provided the measured power is integrated over the full required measurement bandwidth (i.e., 30 kHz or 1 percent of emission bandwidth, as specified). The emission bandwidth is defined as the width of the signal between two points, one below the carrier center frequency and one above the carrier center frequency, outside of which all emissions are attenuated at least 26 dB below the transmitter power.
(c) Alternative out of band emission limit. Licensees in the Public Mobile Services may establish an alternative out of band emission limit to be used at specified frequencies (band edges) in specified geographical areas, in lieu of that set forth in this section, pursuant to a private contractual arrangement of all affected licensees and applicants. In this event, each party to such contract shall maintain a copy of the contract in their station files and disclose it to prospective assignees or transferees and, upon request, to the FCC.
(d) Interference caused by out of band emissions. If any emission from a transmitter operating in any of the Public Mobile Services results in interference to users of another radio service, the FCC may require a greater attenuation of that emission than specified in this section.

§ 22.377Certification of transmitters.

Transmitters used in the Public Mobile Services, including those used with signal boosters, in-building radiation systems and cellular repeaters, must be certificated for use in the radio services regulated under this part. Transmitters must be certificated when the station is ready for service, not necessarily at the time of filing an application. The FCC may list as certificated only transmitters that are capable of meeting all technical requirements of the rules governing the service in which they will operate. The procedure for obtaining certification is set forth in part 2 of this chapter.

§ 22.383In-building radiation systems.

Licensees may install and operate in-building radiation systems without applying for authorization or notifying the FCC, provided that the locations of the in-building radiation systems are within the protected service area of the licensee's authorized transmitter(s) on the same channel or channel block.

§ 22.501Scope.

The rules in this subpart govern the licensing and operation of public mobile paging and radiotelephone stations. The licensing and operation of these stations are also subject to rules elsewhere in this part that apply generally to the Public Mobile Services. However, in case of conflict, the rules in this subpart govern.

§ 22.503Paging geographic area authorizations.

The FCC considers applications for and issues paging geographic area authorizations in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service in accordance with the rules in this section. Each paging geographic area authorization contains conditions requiring compliance with paragraphs (h) and (i) of this section.
(a) Channels. The FCC may issue a paging geographic area authorization for any channel listed in § 22.531 of this part or for any channel pair listed in § 22.561 of this part.
(b) Paging geographic areas. The paging geographic areas are as follows:
(1) The Nationwide paging geographic area comprises the District of Columbia and all States, Territories and possessions of the United States of America.
(2) Major Economic Areas (MEAs) and Economic Areas (EAs) are defined below. EAs are defined by the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. See Final Redefinition of the MEA Economic Areas, 60 FR 13114 (March 10, 1995). MEAs are based on EAs. In addition to the Department of Commerce's 172 EAs, the FCC shall separately license Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands, and American Samoa, which have been assigned FCC-created EA numbers 173-175, respectively, and MEA numbers 49-51, respectively.
(3) The 51 MEAs are composed of one or more EAs as defined in the following table:
MEAs
EAs
1 (Boston)
1-3.
2 (New York City)
4-7, 10.
3 (Buffalo)
8.
4 (Philadelphia)
11-12.
5 (Washington)
13-14.
6 (Richmond)
15-17, 20.
7 (Charlotte-Greensboro-Greenville-Raleigh)
18-19, 21-26, 41-42, 46.
8 (Atlanta)
27-28, 37-40, 43.
9 (Jacksonville)
29, 35.
10 (Tampa-St. Petersburg-Orlando)
30, 33-34.
11 (Miami)
31-32.
12 (Pittsburgh)
9, 52-53.
13 (Cincinnati-Dayton)
48-50.
14 (Columbus)
51.
15 (Cleveland)
54-55.
16 (Detroit)
56-58, 61-62.
17 (Milwaukee)
59-60, 63, 104-105, 108.
18 (Chicago)
64-66, 68, 97, 101.
19 (Indianapolis)
67.
20 (Minneapolis-St. Paul)
106-107, 109-114, 116.
21 (Des Moines-Quad Cities)
100, 102-103, 117.
22 (Knoxville)
44-45.
23 (Louisville-Lexington-Evansville)
47, 69-70, 72.
24 (Birmingham)
36, 74, 78-79.
25 (Nashville)
71.
26 (Memphis-Jackson)
73, 75-77.
27 (New Orleans-Baton Rouge)
80-85.
28 (Little Rock)
90-92, 95.
29 (Kansas City)
93, 99, 123.
30 (St. Louis)
94, 96, 98.
31 (Houston)
86-87, 131.
32 (Dallas-Fort Worth)
88-89, 127-130, 135, 137-138.
33 (Denver)
115, 140-143.
34 (Omaha)
118-121.
35 (Wichita)
122.
36 (Tulsa)
124.
37 (Oklahoma City)
125-126.
38 (San Antonio)
132-134.
39 (El Paso-Albuquerque)
136, 139, 155-157.
40 (Phoenix)
154, 158-159.
41 (Spokane-Billings)
144-147, 168.
42 (Salt Lake City)
148-150, 152.
43 (San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose)
151, 162-165.
44 (Los Angeles-San Diego)
153, 160-161.
45 (Portland)
166-167.
46 (Seattle)
169-170.
47 (Alaska)
171.
48 (Hawaii)
172.
49 (Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands)
173.
50 (Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands)
174.
51 (American Samoa)
175.
(c) Availability. The FCC may determine whether to issue a paging geographic area authorization for any specific channel or channel pair in any specific paging geographic area. The FCC may replace existing site specific authorizations for facilities on a channel or channel pair located in a paging geographic area with a paging geographic area authorization for that channel or channel pair, if in its sole discretion, the FCC determines that the public interest would be served by such replacement.
(d) Filing windows. The FCC accepts applications for paging geographic area authorizations only during filing windows. The FCC issues Public Notices announcing in advance the dates of the filing windows, and the specific paging geographic areas and channels for which applications may be accepted.
(e) One grant per geographic area. The FCC may grant one and only one application for a paging geographic area authorization for any specific channel or channel pair in any specific paging geographic area defined in paragraph (b) of this section. Selection from among mutually exclusive applications for a paging geographic area authorization will be made in accordance with the procedures in §§ 22.131 and 22.200 through 22.299. If after the selection process but prior to filing a “long form” application, a successful bidder decides to partition the paging geographic area, the FCC may require and accept multiple “long form” applications from the consortium members.
(f) Exclusive right to expand. During the term of a paging geographic area authorization, the FCC does not accept, from anyone other than the paging geographic area licensee, any major application for authorization to operate a facility that would serve unserved area within the paging geographic area specified in that paging geographic area authorization, on the channel specified in that paging geographic area authorization, unless any extension of the interfering contour of the proposed facility falls:
(1) Within the composite interfering contour of another licensee; or,
(2) Into unserved area and the paging geographic area licensee consents to such extension.
(g) Subsequent applications not accepted. During the term of a paging geographic area authorization, the FCC does not accept any application for authorization relating to a facility that is or would be located within the paging geographic area specified in that paging geographic area authorization, on the channel specified in that paging geographic area authorization, except in the following situations:
(1) FCC grant of an application authorizing the construction of the facility could have a significant environmental effect as defined by § 1.1307 of this chapter. See § 22.115(a)(5).
(2) Specific international coordination procedures are required, prior to assignment of a channel to the facility, pursuant to a treaty or other agreement between the United States government and the government of Canada or Mexico. See § 22.169.
(3) The paging geographic area licensee or another licensee of a system within the paging geographic area applies to assign its authorization or for FCC consent to a transfer of control.
(h) Adjacent geographic area coordination required. Before constructing a facility for which the interfering contour (as defined in § 22.537 or § 22.567 of this part, as appropriate for the channel involved) would extend into another paging geographic area, a paging geographic area licensee must obtain the consent of the relevant co-channel paging geographic area licensee, if any, into whose area the interfering contour would extend. Licensees are expected to cooperate fully and in good faith attempt to resolve potential interference problems before bringing matters to the FCC. In the event that there is no co-channel paging geographic area licensee from whom to obtain consent in the area into which the interfering contour would extend, the facility may be constructed and operated subject to the condition that, at such time as the FCC issues a paging geographic area authorization for that adjacent geographic area, either consent must be obtained or the facility modified or eliminated such that the interfering contour no longer extends into the adjacent geographic area.
(i) Protection of existing service. All facilities constructed and operated pursuant to a paging geographic area authorization must provide co-channel interference protection in accordance with § 22.537 or § 22.567, as appropriate for the channel involved, to all authorized co-channel facilities of exclusive licensees within the paging geographic area. Non-exclusive licensees on the thirty-five exclusive 929 MHz channels are not entitled to exclusive status, and will continue to operate under the sharing arrangements established with the exclusive licensees and other non-exclusive licensees that were in effect prior to February 19, 1997. MEA, EA, and nationwide geographic area licensees have the right to share with non-exclusive licensees on the thirty-five exclusive 929 MHz channels on a non-interfering basis.
(j) Site location restriction. The transmitting antenna of each facility constructed and operated pursuant to a paging geographic area authorization must be located within the paging geographic area specified in the authorization.
(k) Coverage requirements. Failure by an MEA or EA licensee to meet either the coverage requirements in paragraphs (k)(1) and (k)(2) of this section, or alternatively, the substantial service requirement in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, will result in automatic termination of authorizations for those facilities that were not authorized, constructed, and operating at the time the geographic area authorization was granted. MEA and EA licensees have the burden of showing when their facilities were authorized, constructed, and operating, and should retain necessary records of these sites until coverage requirements are fulfilled. For the purpose of this paragraph, to “cover” area means to include geographic area within the composite of the service contour(s) determined by the methods of § 22.537 or § 22.567 as appropriate for the particular channel involved. Licensees may determine the population of geographic areas included within their service contours using either the 1990 census or the 2000 census, but not both.
(1) No later than three years after the initial grant of an MEA or EA geographic area authorization, the licensee must construct or otherwise acquire and operate sufficient facilities to cover one third of the population in the paging geographic area. The licensee must notify the FCC at the end of the three-year period pursuant to § 1.946 of this chapter, either that it has satisfied this requirement or that it plans to satisfy the alternative requirement to provide substantial service in accordance with paragraph (k)(3) of this section.
(2) No later than five years after the initial grant of an MEA or EA geographic area authorization, the licensee must construct or otherwise acquire and operate sufficient facilities to cover two thirds of the population in the paging geographic area. The licensee must notify the FCC at the end of the five year period pursuant to § 1.946 of this chapter, either that it has satisfied this requirement or that it has satisfied the alternative requirement to provide substantial service in accordance with paragraph (k)(3) of this section.
(3) As an alternative to the coverage requirements of paragraphs (k)(1) and (k)(2) of this section, the paging geographic area licensee may demonstrate that, no later than five years after the initial grant of its paging geographic area authorization, it provides substantial service to the paging geographic area. “Substantial service” means service that is sound, favorable, and substantially above a level of mediocre service that would barely warrant renewal.

§ 22.507Number of transmitters per station.

This section concerns the number of transmitters licensed under each station authorization in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service, other than paging geographic area authorizations.
(a) Operationally related transmitters. Each station must have at least one transmitter. There is no limit to the number of transmitters that a station may comprise. However, transmitters within a station should be operationally related and/or should serve the same general geographical area. Operationally related transmitters are those that operate together as a system ( e.g. , trunked systems, simulcast systems), rather than independently.
(b) Split of large systems. The FCC may split wide-area systems into two or more stations for administrative convenience. Except for nationwide paging and other operationally related transmitters, transmitters that are widely separated geographically are not licensed under a single authorization.
(c) Consolidation of separate stations. The FCC may consolidate site-specific contiguous authorizations upon request (FCC Form 601) of the licensee, if appropriate under paragraph (a) of this section. Paging licensees may include remote, stand-alone transmitters under the single system-wide authorization, if the remote, stand-alone transmitter is linked to the system via a control/repeater facility or by satellite. Including a remote, stand-alone transmitter in a system-wide authorization does not alter the limitations provided under § 22.503(f) on entities other than the paging geographic area licensee. In the alternative, paging licensees may maintain separate site-specific authorizations for stand-alone or remote transmitters. The earliest expiration date of the authorizations that make up the single system-wide authorization will determine the expiration date for the system-wide authorization. Licensees must file timely renewal applications for site-specific authorizations included in a single system-wide authorization request until the request is approved. Renewal of the system-wide authorization will be subject to § 1.949 of this chapter.
(d) Replacement of site-by-site authorizations with single authorization. After a paging geographic area authorization for a channel has been issued, the FCC may, on its own motion, replace the authorization(s) of any other licensee (for facilities located within that paging geographic area on that channel) with a single replacement authorization.

§ 22.511Construction period for the Paging and Radiotelephone Service.

The construction period for stations in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service is one year.

§ 22.513Partitioning and disaggregation.

MEA and EA licensees may apply to partition their authorized geographic service area or disaggregate their authorized spectrum at any time following grant of their geographic area authorizations. Nationwide geographic area licensees may apply to partition their authorized geographic service area or disaggregate their authorized spectrum at any time as of August 23, 1999.
(a) Application required. Parties seeking approval for partitioning and/or disaggregation shall apply for partial assignment of a license pursuant to § 1.948 of this chapter.
(b) Partitioning. In the case of partitioning, requests for authorization for partial assignment of a license must include, as attachments, a description of the partitioned service area and a calculation of the population of the partitioned service area and the authorized geographic service area. The partitioned service area shall be defined by 120 sets of geographic coordinates at points at every 3 degrees azimuth from a point within the partitioned service area along the partitioned service area boundary unless either an FCC-recognized service area is used (e.g., MEA or EA) or county lines are followed. The geographical coordinates must be specified in degrees, minutes, and seconds to the nearest second latitude and longitude, and must be based upon the 1983 North American Datum (NAD83). In the case where FCC-recognized service areas or county lines are used, applicants need only list the specific area(s) through use of FCC designations or county names that constitute the partitioned area.
(c) Disaggregation. Spectrum may be disaggregated in any amount.
(d) Combined partitioning and disaggregation. Licensees may apply for partial assignment of authorizations that propose combinations of partitioning and disaggregation.
(e) License term. The license term for a partitioned license area and for disaggregated spectrum shall be the remainder of the original licensee's license term as provided for in § 1.955 of this chapter.

§ 22.515Permissible communications paths.

Mobile stations may communicate only with and through base stations. Base stations may communicate only with mobile stations and receivers on land or surface vessels.

§ 22.527Signal boosters.

Licensees may install and operate signal boosters on channels listed in § 22.531 only in accordance with the provisions of § 22.165 governing additional transmitters for existing systems. Licensees must not allow any signal booster that they operate to cause interference to the service or operation of any other authorized stations or systems.

§ 22.531Channels for paging operation.

The following channels are allocated for assignment to base transmitters that provide paging service, either individually or collectively under a paging geographic area authorization. Unless otherwise indicated, all channels have a bandwidth of 20 kHz and are designated by their center frequencies in MegaHertz.
Low VHF Channels
20
46
20
46
22
50
22
50
24
54
24
54
26
56
26
56
30
58
30
58
34
60
34
60
38
62
38
62
42
66
42
66
High VHF Channels
24
84
10
70
UHF Channels
0125
2625
5125
7625
0375
2875
5375
7875
0625
3125
5625
8125
0875
3375
5875
8375
1125
3625
6125
8625
1375
3875
6375
8875
1625
4125
6625
9125
1875
4375
6875
9375
2125
4625
7125
9625
2375
4875
7375
9875
(a)-(b) [Reserved]
(c) Upon application using FCC Form 601, common carriers may be authorized to provide one-way paging service using the leased subcarrier facilities of broadcast stations licensed under part 73 of this chapter.
(d) Occasionally in case law and other formal and informal documents, the low VHF channels have been referred to as “lowband” channels, and the high VHF channels have been referred to as “guardband” channels.
(e) Pursuant to the U.S.-Canada Interim Coordination Considerations for 929-932 MHz, as amended, only the following UHF channels may be assigned in the continental United States North of Line A or in the State of Alaska East of Line C, within the indicated longitudes:
(1) From longitude W.73° to longitude W.75° and from longitude W.78° to longitude W.81°:
0125
1125
1875
2625
0375
1375
2125
8625
0625
1625
2375
(2) From longitude W.81° to longitude W.85°:
0125
2125
3875
5875
0375
2375
4125
6125
0625
2625
4625
6375
1125
2875
4875
8625
1375
3125
5125
1625
3375
5375
1875
3625
5625
(3) Longitudes other than specified in paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section:
0125
1625
2875
4125
0375
1875
3125
4625
0625
2125
3375
8625
1125
2375
3625
1375
2625
3875
(4) At any longitude, with authorization condition requiring coordinated, shared use and equal access by licensees in both countries:
4375
8875
9125
9375
(f) For the purpose of issuing paging geographic authorizations, the paging geographic areas used for UHF channels are the MEAs, and the paging geographic areas used for the low and high VHF channels are the EAs (see § 22.503(b)).

§ 22.535Effective radiated power limits.

The effective radiated power (ERP) of transmitters operating on the channels listed in § 22.531 must not exceed the limits in this section.
(a) Maximum ERP. The ERP must not exceed the applicable limits in this paragraph under any circumstances.
Frequency range (MHz)
Maximum ERP (Watts)
35-36
600
43-44
500
152-159
1400
931-932
3500
(b) Basic power limit. Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, the ERP of transmitters on the VHF channels must not exceed 500 Watts.
(c) Height-power limit. Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, the ERP of transmitters on the VHF channels must not exceed the amount that would result in an average distance to the service contour of 32.2 kilometers (20 miles). The average distance to the service contour is calculated by taking the arithmetic mean of the distances determined using the procedures specified in § 22.537 for the eight cardinal radial directions, excluding cardinal radial directions for which 90% or more of the distance so calculated is over water.
(d) Encompassed interfering contour areas. Transmitters are exempt from the basic power and height-power limits of this section if the area within their interfering contours is totally encompassed by the interfering contours of operating co-channel base transmitters controlled by the same licensee. For the purpose of this paragraph, operating transmitters are authorized transmitters that are providing service to subscribers.
(e) Adjacent channel protection. The ERP of transmitters must not exceed 500 Watts if they:
(1) Transmit on a channel in the 152-159 MHz frequency range and are located less than 5 kilometers (3.1 miles) from any station licensed in the Private Radio Services that receives on an adjacent channel; or,
(2) Transmit on channel 158.10 or 158.70 MHz and are located less than 5 kilometers (3.1 miles) from any station licensed in the Public Mobile Services that receives on either of the following adjacent channels: 158.07 MHz or 158.67 MHz.
(f) Signal boosters. The effective radiated power of signal boosters must not exceed 5 watts ERP under any normal operating condition.

§ 22.537Technical channel assignment criteria.

The rules in this section establish technical assignment criteria for the channels listed in § 22.531. These criteria permit channel assignments to be made in a manner such that reception by public paging receivers of signals from base transmitters, within the service area of such base transmitters, is protected from interference caused by the operation of independent co-channel base transmitters.
(a) Contour overlap. The FCC may grant an application requesting assignment of a channel to a proposed base transmitter only if:
(1) The interfering contour of the proposed transmitter does not overlap the service contour of any protected co-channel transmitter controlled by a carrier other than the applicant, unless that carrier has agreed in writing to accept any interference that may result from operation of the proposed transmitter; and,
(2) The service contour of the proposed transmitter does not overlap the interfering contour of any protected co-channel transmitter controlled by a carrier other than the applicant, unless the applicant agrees to accept any interference that may result from operation of the protected co-channel transmitter; and,
(3) The area and/or population to which service would be provided by the proposed transmitter is substantial, and service gained would exceed that lost as a result of agreements to accept interference.
(b) Protected transmitter. For the purposes of this section, protected transmitters are authorized transmitters for which there is a current FCC public record and transmitters proposed in prior-filed pending applications.
(c) VHF service contour. For paging stations transmitting on the VHF channels, the distance from the transmitting antenna to the service contour along each cardinal radial is calculated as follows:
d = 1.243 × h
0.40 × p
0.20
where d is the radial distance in kilometers
h is the radial antenna HAAT in meters
p is the radial ERP in Watts
(1) Whenever the actual HAAT is less than 30 meters (98 feet), 30 must be used as the value for h in the above formula.
(2) The value used for p in the above formula must not be less than 27 dB less than the maximum ERP in any direction or 0.1 Watt, whichever is more.
(3) The distance from the transmitting antenna to the service contour along any radial other than the eight cardinal radials is routinely calculated by linear interpolation of distance as a function of angle. However, in resolving petitions to deny, the FCC may calculate the distance to the service contour using the formula in paragraph (c) of this section with actual HAAT and ERP data for the inter-station radial and additional radials above and below the inter-station radial at 2.5° intervals.
(d) VHF interfering contour. For paging stations transmitting on the VHF channels, the distance from the transmitting antenna to the interfering contour along each cardinal radial is calculated as follows:
d = 6.509 × h
0.28 × p
0.17
where d is the radial distance in kilometers
h is the radial antenna HAAT in meters
p is the radial ERP in Watts
(1) Whenever the actual HAAT is less than 30 meters (98 feet), 30 must be used as the value for h in the above formula.
(2) The value used for p in the above formula must not be less than 27 dB less than the maximum ERP in any direction or 0.1 Watt, whichever is more.
(3) The distance from the transmitting antenna to the interfering contour along any radial other than the eight cardinal radials is routinely calculated by linear interpolation of distance as a function of angle. In resolving petitions to deny, however, the FCC may calculate the distance to the interfering contour using the formula in paragraph (d) of this section with actual HAAT and ERP data for the inter-station radial and additional radials above and below the inter-station radial at 2.5° intervals.
(e) 931 MHz service contour. For paging stations transmitting on the 931 MHz channels, the service contour is a circle, centered on the transmitting antenna, with a radius determined from Table E-1 of this section.
Table E—1-931 MHz Paging Service Radii
Service radius km (miles)
Effective radiated power (Watts)
Antenna HAAT meters (feet)
0-125
126-250
251-500
501-1000
1001-1860
1861-3500
0-177
32.2 (20)
32.2 (20)
32.2 (20)
32.2 (20)
32.2 (20)
32.2 (20)
(0-581)
178-305
32.2 (20)
32.2 (20)
32.2 (20)
32.2 (20)
37.0 (23)
41.8 (26)
(582-1001)
306-427
32.2 (20)
32.2 (20)
37.0 (23)
41.8 (26)
56.3 (35)
56.3 (35)
(1002-1401)
428-610
32.2 (20)
37.0 (23)
41.8 (26)
56.3 (35)
56.3 (35)
56.3 (35)
(1402-2001)
611-861
37.0 (23)
41.8 (26)
41.8 (26)
56.3 (35)
83.7 (52)
83.7 (52)
(2002-2825)
862-1219
41.8 (26)
56.3 (35)
56.3 (35)
83.7 (52)
83.7 (52)
83.7 (52)
(2826-3999)
1220 +
56.3 (35)
56.3 (35)
83.7 (52)
83.7 (52)
83.7 (52)
83.7 (52)
(4000 + )
(f) 931 MHz interfering contour. For paging stations transmitting on the 931 MHz channels, the interfering contour is a circle, centered on the transmitting antenna, with a radius determined from Table E-2 of this section.
Table E—2-931 MHz Paging Interfering Radii
Interfering radius km (miles)
Effective radiated power (Watts)
Antenna HAAT meters (feet)
0-125
126-250
251-500
501-1000
1001-1860
1861-3500
0-177
80.5 (50)
80.5 (50)
80.5 (50)
80.5 (50)
80.5 (50)
80.5 (50)
(0-581)
178-305
80.5 (50)
80.5 (50)
80.5 (50)
80.5 (50)
88.5 (55)
96.6 (60)
(582-1001)
306-427
80.5 (50)
80.5 (50)
88.5 (55)
96.6 (60)
130.4 (81)
130.4 (81)
(1002-1401)
428-610
80.5 (50)
88.5 (55)
96.6 (60)
130.4 (81)
130.4 (81)
130.4 (81)
(1402-2001)
611-861
88.5 (55)
96.6 (60)
96.6 (60)
130.4 (81)
191.5 (119)
191.5 (119)
(2002-2825)
862-1219
96.6 (60)
130.4 (81)
130.4 (81)
191.5 (119)
191.5 (119)
191.5 (119)
(2826-3999)
1220 +
(4000 + )
130.4 (81)
130.4 (81)
191.5 (119)
191.5 (119)
191.5 (119)
191.5 (119)
(g) In-building radiation systems. The locations of in-building radiation systems must be within the service contour(s) of the licensee's authorized transmitter(s) on the same channel. In-building radiation systems are not protected facilities, and therefore do not have service or interfering contours.
(h) Signal boosters on 931 MHz channels. For the purpose of compliance with § 22.165 and notwithstanding paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section, signal boosters operating on the 931 MHz channels with an antenna HAAT not exceeding 30 meters (98 feet) are deemed to have as a service contour a circle with a radius of 1.0 kilometer (0.6 mile) and as an interfering contour a circle with a radius of 10 kilometers (6.2 miles).

§ 22.559Paging application requirements.

In addition to information required by subparts B and D and § 22.529, applications for authorization to operate a paging transmitter on the channels listed in § 22.531, other than applications for a paging geographic area authorization, must contain the applicable supplementary information described in this section.
(a) Interference exhibit. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, an exhibit demonstrating compliance with § 22.537 with regard to protected transmitters is required for applications to operate a transmitter on the VHF channels. This exhibit must:
(1) Identify each protected transmitter located within 109 kilometers (68 miles) of the proposed transmitter in directions in which the distance to the interfering contour is 76.5 kilometers (47.5 miles) or less, and within 178 kilometers (111 miles) of the proposed transmitter in directions in which the distance to the interfering contour exceeds 76.5 kilometers (47.5 miles).
(2) For each protected transmitter identified, show the results of distance calculations indicating that there would be no overlap of service and interfering contours, or alternatively, indicate that the licensee of or applicant for the protected transmitter and/or the applicant, as required, have agreed in writing to accept any interference resulting from operation of the proposed transmitter.
(b) Encompassment exhibit. An exhibit showing that the area within the interfering contour of the proposed transmitter would be totally encompassed by interfering contours of operating co-channel base transmitters controlled by the applicant is required for applications to operate a transmitter with ERP exceeding the basic power and height-power limits of § 22.535. For VHF transmitters, this encompassment exhibit may substitute for the interference exhibit required in paragraph (a) of this section.

§ 22.561Channels for one-way or two-way mobile operation.

The following channels are allocated for paired assignment to transmitters that provide (or support other transmitters that provide) one-way or two-way public land mobile service, either individually or collectively under a paging geographic area authorization. The paging geographic areas used for these channels are the EAs ( see § 22.503(b)(3)). These channels may be assigned for use by mobile or base transmitters as indicated, and or by fixed transmitters (including control, repeater or other fixed transmitters). The mobile channels may also be assigned for use by base or fixed transmitters under certain circumstances ( see § 22.567(h)). Unless otherwise indicated, all channels have a bandwidth of 20 kHz and are designated by their center frequencies in MegaHertz.
Base
Mobile
Base
Mobile
VHF Channels
03
49
57
83
06
52
60
86
09
55
63
89
12
58
66
92
15
61
69
95
18
64
72
98
21
67
75
01
51
77
78
04
54
80
81
07
UHF Channels
025
025
350
350
050
050
375
375
075
075
400
400
100
100
425
425
125
125
450
450
150
150
475
475
175
175
500
500
200
200
525
525
225
225
550
550
250
250
575
575
275
275
600
600
300
300
625
625
325
325
650
650

§ 22.565Transmitting power limits.

The transmitting power of base, mobile and fixed transmitters operating on the channels listed in § 22.561 must not exceed the limits in this section.
(a) Maximum ERP. The effective radiated power (ERP) of base and fixed transmitters must not exceed the applicable limits in this paragraph under any circumstances.
Frequency range (MHz)
Maximum ERP (watts)
152-153
1400
157-159
150
454-455
3500
459-460
150
(b) Basic power limit. Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, the ERP of base transmitters must not exceed 500 Watts.
(c) Height-power limits. Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, the ERP of base transmitters must not exceed the amount that would result in an average distance to the service contour of 41.6 kilometers (26 miles) for VHF channels or 30.7 kilometers (19 miles) for UHF channels. The average distance to the service contour is calculated by taking the arithmetic mean of the distances determined using the procedures specified in § 22.567 for the eight cardinal radial directions, excluding cardinal radial directions for which 90% or more of the distance so calculated is over water.
(d) Encompassed interfering contour areas. Base transmitters are exempt from the basic power and height-power limits of this section if the area within their interfering contours is totally encompassed by the interfering contours of operating co-channel based transmitters controlled by the same licensee. For the purpose of this paragraph, operating transmitters are authorized transmitters that are providing service to subscribers.
(e) Adjacent channel protection. The ERP of base and fixed transmitters must not exceed 500 Watts if they transmit on channel 454.025 MHz and are located less than 7 kilometers (4.3 miles) from any Private Radio Services station receiving on adjacent channel 454.0000 MHz.
(f) Mobile transmitters. The transmitter output power of mobile transmitters must not exceed 60 watts.

§ 22.567Technical channel assignment criteria.

The rules in this section establish technical assignment criteria for the channels listed in § 22.561. The criteria in paragraphs (a) through (f) of this section permit channel assignments to be made in a manner such that reception by public mobile receivers of signals from base transmitters, within the service area of such base transmitters, is protected from interference caused by the operation of independent co-channel base and fixed transmitters in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service and central office stations, including Basic Exchange Telephone Radio Systems (BETRS), in the Rural Radiotelephone Service. Additional criteria in paragraph (g) of this section permit channel assignments to be made in a manner such that BETRS communications are protected from interference caused by the operation of independent co-channel base and fixed transmitters in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service and other central office stations in the Rural Radiotelephone Service. Separate criteria in paragraph (h) of this section apply only to assignment of the channels designated in § 22.561 as mobile channels to base and fixed transmitters, and permit these channel assignments to be made in a manner such that reception by public base and fixed receivers of signals from associated mobile and fixed transmitters is protected from interference caused by the operation of independent co-channel base and fixed transmitters.
(a) Contour overlap. The FCC may grant an application requesting assignment of a channel to a proposed base, fixed or central office station transmitter only if:
(1) The interfering contour of the proposed transmitter does not overlap the service contour of any protected co-channel transmitter controlled by a carrier other than the applicant, unless that carrier has agreed in writing to accept any interference that may result from operation of the proposed transmitter; and
(2) The service contour of the proposed transmitter does not overlap the interfering contour of any protected co-channel transmitter controlled by a carrier other than the applicant, unless the application contains a statement that the applicant agrees to accept any interference that may result from operation of the protected co-channel transmitter; and
(3) The area and/or population to which service would be provided by the proposed transmitter is substantial, and service gained would exceed that lost as a result of agreements to accept interference.
(b) Protected transmitter. For the purposes of this section, protected transmitters are authorized transmitters for which there is a current FCC public record and transmitters proposed in prior-filed pending applications, in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service and the Rural Radiotelephone Service.
(c) VHF service contour. For base stations transmitting on the VHF channels, the radial distance from the transmitting antenna to the service contour along each cardinal radial is calculated as follows:
d = 1.609 × h
0.40 × p
0.20
where:
d is the radial distance in kilometers
h is the radial antenna HAAT in meters
p is the radial ERP in Watts
(1) Whenever the actual HAAT is less than 30 meters (98 feet), 30 must be used as the value for h in the above formula.
(2) The value used for p in the above formula must not be less than 27 dB less than the maximum ERP in any direction, or 0.1 Watt, whichever is more.
(3) The distance from the transmitting antenna to the service contour along any radial other than the eight cardinal radials is routinely calculated by linear interpolation of distance as a function of angle. However, in resolving petitions to deny, the FCC may calculate the distance to the service contour using the formula in paragraph (c) of this section with actual HAAT and ERP data for the inter-station radial and additional radials above and below the inter-station radial at 2.5° intervals.
(d) VHF interfering contour. For base and fixed stations transmitting on the VHF channels, the radial distance from the transmitting antenna to the interfering contour along each cardinal radial is calculated as follows:
(1) If the radial antenna HAAT is less than 150 meters:
d = 8.577 × h
0.24 × p
0.19
where:
d is the radial distance in kilometers
h is the radial antenna HAAT in meters
p is the radial ERP in Watts
Whenever the actual HAAT is less than 30 meters (98 feet), 30 must be used as the value for h in the above formula.
(2) If the radial antenna HAAT is 150 meters or more:
d = 12.306 × h
0.23 × p
0.14
where:
d is the radial distance in kilometers
h is the radial antenna HAAT in meters
p is the radial ERP in Watts
(3) The value used for p in the above formulas must not be less than 27 dB less than the maximum ERP in any direction, or 0.1 Watt, whichever is more.
(4) The distance from the transmitting antenna to the interfering contour along any radial other than the eight cardinal radials is routinely calculated by linear interpolation of distance as a function of angle. However, in resolving petitions to deny, the FCC may calculate the distance to the interfering contour using the appropriate formula in paragraph (d) of this section with actual HAAT and ERP data for the inter-station radial and additional radials above and below the inter-station radial at 2.5° intervals.
(e) UHF service contour. For base stations transmitting on the UHF channels, the radial distance from the transmitting antenna to the service contour along each cardinal radial is calculated as follows:
d = 1.726 × h
0.35 × p
0.18
where:
d is the radial distance in kilometers
h is the radial antenna HAAT in meters
p is the radial ERP in Watts
(1) Whenever the actual HAAT is less than 30 meters (98 feet), 30 must be used as the value for h in the above formula.
(2) The value used for p in the above formula must not be less than 27 dB less than the maximum ERP in any direction, or 0.1 Watt, whichever is more.
(3) The distance from the transmitting antenna to the service contour along any radial other than the eight cardinal radials is routinely calculated by linear interpolation of distance as a function of angle. However, in resolving petitions to deny, the FCC may calculate the distance to the service contour using the formula in paragraph (e) of this section with actual HAAT and ERP data for the inter-station radial and addition radials above and below the below the inter-station radial at 2.5° intervals.
(f) UHF interfering contour. For base and fixed stations transmitting on the UHF channels, the radial distance from the transmitting antenna to the interfering contour along each cardinal radial is calculated as follows:
(1) If the radial antenna HAAT is less than 150 meters:
d = 9.471 × h
0.23 × p
0.15
where:
d is the radial distance in kilometers
h is the radial antenna HAAT in meters
p is the radial ERP in Watts
Whenever the actual HAAT is less than 30 meters (98 feet), 30 must be used as the value for h in the above formula.
(2) If the radial antenna HAAT is 150 meters or more:
d = 6.336 × h
0.31 × p
0.15
where:
d is the radial distance in kilometers
h is the radial antenna HAAT in meters
p is the radial ERP in Watts
(3) The value used for p in the above formula must not be less than 27 dB less than the maximum ERP in any direction, or 0.1 Watt, whichever is more.
(4) The distance from the transmitting antenna to the interfering contour along any radial other than the eight cardinal radials is routinely calculated by linear interpolation of distance as a function of angle. However, in resolving petitions to deny, the FCC may calculate the distance to the interfering contour using the appropriate formula in paragraph (f) of this section with actual HAAT and ERP data for the inter-station radial and additional radials above and below the inter-station radial at 2.5° intervals.
(g) Protection for BETRS. In applying the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, if either or both of the transmitters involved is a BETRS central office station, the following contour substitutions must be used:
(1) The service contour of the BETRS central office station(s) is a circle, centered on the central office station antenna, with a radius of 40 kilometers (25 miles).
(2) The interfering contour of any station of any type, when determining whether it would overlap the service contour of a BETRS central office station, is calculated as follows:
d = 36.364 × h
0.2 × p
0.1
where:
d is the radial distance in kilometers
h is the radial antenna HAAT in meters
p is the radial ERP in Watts
Whenever the actual HAAT is less than 30 meters (98 feet), 30 must be used as the value for h in the above formula. The value used for p in the above formula must not be less than 27 dB less than the maximum ERP in any direction, or 0.1 Watt, whichever is more.
(h) Assignment of mobile channels to base or fixed transmitters. Mobile channels may be assigned to base or fixed transmitters if the following criteria are met:
(1) The paired base channel, as designated in § 22.561, is assigned to base transmitters in the same geographical area operated by the same licensee.
(2) The authorization is granted subject to the condition that no interference be caused to fixed receivers in use on or prior to the date of the grant.

§ 22.571Responsibility for mobile stations.

Mobile stations that are subscribers in good standing to a two-way service in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service, when receiving service from that station, are considered to be operating under the authorization of that station. Licensees are responsible for exercising effective operational control over mobile stations receiving service through their stations. Mobile stations that are subscribers in good standing to a two-way service in the Paging and Radiotelephone Service, while receiving service from a different station, are considered to be operating under the authorization of such different station. The licensee of such different station is responsible, during such temporary period, for exercising effective operational control over such mobile stations as if they were subscribers to it.

§ 22.573Use of base transmitters as repeaters.

As an additional function, base transmitters may be used as repeaters. Licensees must be able to turn the base transmitter on or off from the control point regardless of whether a subscriber-operated transmitter is transmitting.

§ 22.575Use of mobile channel for remote control of station functions.

Carriers may remotely control station functions (e.g. shut down or reactivate base transmitters, turn aviation obstruction warning lights on or off, etc.) using a control transmitter operating on a mobile channel, subject to the conditions in this section and in § 22.567(h).
(a) The control transmitter must be capable of overriding transmissions from subscriber-operated transmitters if necessary. Subscriber-operated transmitters must not be capable of being used to deliberately or accidentally prevent the licensee from controlling the station.
(b) The licensee must implement measures designed to prevent station functions from being controlled by persons not authorized by the licensee to control the station.
(c) The control transmitter location must be within the composite service contour of the licensee's authorized station on the paired base channel.

§ 22.579Operation of mobile transmitters across U.S.-Canada border.

Mobile stations licensed by Canada may receive two-way service while in the United States from stations licensed under this part, after authorization has been granted by the FCC. Mobile stations that normally operate under the authority of base stations licensed under this part may receive two-way service while in Canada from stations licensed under this part or by Canada, upon authorization by Canada.

§ 22.589One-way or two-way application requirements.

In addition to information required by subparts B and D and § 22.529, applications for authorization to operate a paging transmitter on the channels listed in § 22.531, other than applications for a paging geographic area authorization, must contain the applicable supplementary information described in this section.
(a) Interference exhibit. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, an exhibit demonstrating compliance with § 22.567 with regard to protected transmitters is required. This exhibit must:
(1) For UHF channels, identify each protected transmitter located within 108 kilometers (67 miles) of the proposed transmitter in directions in which the distance to the interfering contour is 76.4 kilometers (47.5 miles) or less, and within 178 kilometers (111 miles) of the proposed transmitter in directions in which the distance to the interfering contour exceeds 76.4 kilometers (47.5 miles); and identify each protected Basic Exchange Telephone Radio System central office transmitter in the Rural Radiotelephone Service within 231 kilometers (144 miles),
(2) For VHF channels, identify each protected transmitter located within 135 kilometers (84 miles) of the proposed transmitter in directions in which the distance to the interfering contour is 93.3 kilometers (58 miles) or less, and within 178 kilometers (111 miles) of the proposed transmitter in directions in which the distance to the interfering contour exceeds 93.3 kilometers (58 miles).
(3) For each protected transmitter identified, show the results of distance calculations indicating that there would be no overlap of service and interfering contours, or alternatively, indicate that the licensee of or applicant for the protected transmitter and/or the applicant, as required, have agreed in writing to accept any interference resulting from operation of the proposed transmitter.
(b) Encompassment exhibit. An exhibit showing that the area within the interfering contour of the proposed transmitter would be totally encompassed by interfering contours of operating co-channel base transmitters controlled by the applicant is required for applications to operate a transmitter with ERP exceeding the basic power and height-power limits of § 22.565. This encompassment exhibit may substitute for the interference exhibit required in paragraph (a) of this section.

§ 22.591Channels for point-to-point operation.

The following channels are allocated for assignment to fixed transmitters that support other transmitters that provide public mobile service. Unless otherwise indicated, all channels have a bandwidth of 20 kHz and are designated by their center frequencies in MegaHertz.
VHF Channels
02
36
80
66
04
38
82
68
06
40
84
70
08
42
86
72
10
46
88
74
12
50
90
76
14
54
92
78
16
58
94
80
18
62
96
82
20
64
98
84
22
66
42
86
24
68
46
88
26
70
50
90
28
72
54
92
30
74
58
94
32
76
62
96
34
78
64
98
10
46
88
74
12
50
90
76
14
54
92
78
16
58
94
80
18
62
96
82
20
64
98
84
22
66
42
86
24
68
46
88
26
70
50
90
28
72
54
92
30
74
58
94
32
76
62
96
34
78
64
98
UHF Channels—State of Hawaii
250
250
750
750
750
750
250
250
250
250
750
750
(a) The 72-76 MHz channels may be used in point-to-multipoint configurations. The 72-76 MHz channels are also allocated for assignment in the Private Radio Services (see part 90 of this chapter).
(b) [Reserved]
(c) Channels in the frequency ranges 488.250-490.750 and 491.250-493.750 MHz may be assigned only to inter-island fixed stations located in the State of Hawaii.

§ 22.593Effective radiated power limits.

The effective radiated power of fixed stations operating on the channels listed in § 22.591 must not exceed 150 Watts. The equivalent isotropically radiated power of existing fixed microwave stations (2110-2130 and 2160-2180 MHz) licensed under this part (pursuant to former rules) must not exceed the applicable limits set forth in § 101.113 of this chapter.

§ 22.601Existing microwave stations licensed under this part.

Existing microwave stations (2110-2130 and 2160-2180 MHz) licensed under this part (pursuant to former rules) are subject to the transition rules in § 22.602. No new microwave systems will be authorized under this part.
(a) Coordination required. Before filing applications for authority to modify existing stations on these channels or major amendments to such applications, carriers must coordinate the planned channel usage, using the procedure outlined in § 22.150, with affected parties in this radio service and the Point-to-Point Microwave Service and the Multipoint Distribution Service. Affected parties are licensees and other applicants with previously filed pending applications whose stations could affect or be affected by the proposed modification of the existing station in terms of interference.
(b) System parameters. In designing a system modification, the applicant must select sites, equipment and channels that will avoid harmful interference to other users. All parties must cooperate fully and make reasonable efforts to resolve technical problems and conflicts that may inhibit the most effective and efficient use of the radio spectrum; however, a party receiving notification is not obligated to suggest changes or re-design a proposal in cases involving conflicts. The applicant must identify in the application all parties with which the technical proposal was coordinated. In the event that technical problems are not resolved or if an affected party does not respond to coordination efforts within 30 days after notification, an explanation must be contained in the application. Where technical conflicts are resolved by an agreement between the parties that requires special procedures to reduce the likelihood of harmful interference (such as the use of artificial site shielding), or would result in a reduction of quality or capacity of either system, the details thereof must be contained in the application.
(c) Bandwidth. Applicants must request the minimum emission bandwidth necessary. The FCC does not authorize bandwidths larger than 800 kHz under this part.

§ 22.602Transition of the 2110-2130 and 2160-2180 MHz channels to emerging technologies.

The 2110-2130 and 2160-2180 MHz microwave channels formerly listed in § 22.591 have been re-allocated for use by emerging technologies (ET) services. No new systems will be authorized under this part. The rules in this section provide for a transition period during which existing Paging and Radiotelephone Service (PARS) licensees using these channels may relocate operations to other media or to other fixed channels, including those in other microwave bands. For PARS licensees relocating operations to other microwave bands, authorization must be obtained under part 101 of this chapter.
(a) Licensees proposing to implement ET services may negotiate with PARS licensees authorized to use these channels, for the purpose of agreeing to terms under which the PARS licensees would—
(1) Relocate their operations to other fixed microwave bands or other media, or alternatively,
(2) Accept a sharing arrangement with the ET licensee that may result in an otherwise impermissible level of interference to the PARS operations.
(b) [Reserved]
(c) Relocation of fixed microwave licensees in the 2110-2130 MHz and 2160-2180 MHz bands will be subject to mandatory negotiations only. A separate mandatory negotiation period will commence for each fixed microwave licensee when an ET licensee informs that fixed microwave licensee in writing of its desire to negotiate. Mandatory negotiation periods are defined as follows:
(1) Non-public safety incumbents will have a two-year mandatory negotiation period; and
(2) Public safety incumbents will have a three-year mandatory negotiation period.
(d) The mandatory negotiation period is triggered at the option of the ET licensee. Once mandatory negotiations have begun, a PARS licensee may not refuse to negotiate and all parties are required to negotiate in good faith. Good faith requires each party to provide information to the other that is reasonably necessary to facilitate the relocation process. In evaluating claims that a party has not negotiated in good faith, the FCC will consider, inter alia, the following factors:
(1) Whether the ET licensee has made a bona fide offer to relocate the PARS licensee to comparable facilities in accordance with Section 101.75(b) of this chapter;
(2) If the PARS licensee has demanded a premium, the type of premium requested ( e.g., whether the premium is directly related to relocation, such as system-wide relocations and analog-to-digital conversions, versus other types of premiums), and whether the value of the premium as compared to the cost of providing comparable facilities is disproportionate ( i.e., whether there is a lack of proportion or relation between the two);
(3) What steps the parties have taken to determine the actual cost of relocation to comparable facilities;
(4) Whether either party has withheld information requested by the other party that is necessary to estimate relocation costs or to facilitate the relocation process. Any party alleging a violation of our good faith requirement must attach an independent estimate of the relocation costs in question to any documentation filed with the Commission in support of its claim. An independent cost estimate must include a specification for the comparable facility and a statement of the costs associated with providing that facility to the incumbent licensee.
(e) Involuntary period. After the end of the mandatory negotiation period, ET licensees may initiate involuntary relocation procedures under the Commission's rules. ET licensees are obligated to pay to relocate only the specific microwave links to which their systems pose an interference problem. Under involuntary relocation, a PARS licensee is required to relocate, provided that:
(1) The ET applicant, provider, licensee or representative guarantees payment of relocation costs, including all engineering, equipment, site and FCC fees, as well as any legitimate and prudent transaction expenses incurred by the PARS licensee that are directly attributable to an involuntary relocation, subject to a cap of two percent of the hard costs involved. Hard costs are defined as the actual costs associated with providing a replacement system, such as equipment and engineering expenses. ET licensees are not required to pay PARS licensees for internal resources devoted to the relocation process. ET licensees are not required to pay for transaction costs incurred by PARS licensees during the voluntary or mandatory periods once the involuntary period is initiated or for fees that cannot be legitimately tied to the provision of comparable facilities;
(2) The ET applicant, provider, licensee or representative completes all activities necessary for implementing the replacement facilities, including engineering and cost analysis of the relocation procedure and, if radio facilities are involved, identifying and obtaining, on the incumbents behalf, new channels and frequency coordination; and,
(3) The ET applicant, provider, licensee or representative builds the replacement system and tests it for comparability with the existing 2 GHz system.
(f) Comparable Facilities. The replacement system provided to an incumbent during an involuntary relocation must be at least equivalent to the existing PARS system with respect to the following three factors:
(1) Throughput. Communications throughput is the amount of information transferred within a system in a given amount of time. If analog facilities are being replaced with analog, the ET licensee is required to provide the PARS licensee with an equivalent number of 4 kHz voice channels. If digital facilities are being replaced with digital, the ET licensee must provide the PARS licensee with equivalent data loading bits per second (bps). ET licensees must provide PARS licensees with enough throughput to satisfy the PARS licensee's system use at the time of relocation, not match the total capacity of the PARS system.
(2) Reliability. System reliability is the degree to which information is transferred accurately within a system. ET licensees must provide PARS licensees with reliability equal to the overall reliability of their system. For digital data systems, reliability is measured by the percent of time the bit error rate (BER) exceeds a desired value, and for analog or digital voice transmissions, it is measured by the percent of time that audio signal quality meets an established threshold. If an analog voice system is replaced with a digital voice system, only the resulting frequency response, harmonic distortion, signal-to-noise ratio and its reliability will be considered in determining comparable reliability.
(3) Operating Costs. Operating costs are the cost to operate and maintain the PARS system. ET licensees must compensate PARS licensees for any increased recurring costs associated with the replacement facilities (e.g. additional rental payments, increased utility fees) for five years after relocation. ET licensees may satisfy this obligation by making a lump-sum payment based on present value using current interest rates. Additionally, the maintenance costs to the PARS licensee must be equivalent to the 2 GHz system in order for the replacement system to be considered comparable.
(g) The PARS licensee is not required to relocate until the alternative facilities are available to it for a reasonable time to make adjustments, determine comparability, and ensure a seamless handoff.
(h) [Reserved]
(i) After April 25, 1996, all major modifications and extensions to existing PARS systems operating on channels in the 2110-2130 and 2160-2180 MHz bands will be authorized on a secondary basis to future ET operations. All other modifications will render the modified PARS license secondary to future ET operations unless the incumbent affirmatively justifies primary status and the incumbent PARS licensee establishes that the modification would not add to the relocation costs of ET licensees. Incumbent PARS licensees will maintain primary status for the following technical changes:
(1) Decreases in power;
(2) Minor changes (increases or decreases) in antenna height;
(3) Minor location changes (up to two seconds);
(4) Any data correction which does not involve a change in the location of an existing facility;
(5) Reductions in authorized bandwidth;
(6) Minor changes (increases or decreases) in structure height;
(7) Changes (increases or decreases) in ground elevation that do not affect centerline height;
(8) Minor equipment changes.
(j) Sunset. PARS licensees will maintain primary status in the 2110-2130 MHz and 2160-2180 MHz bands unless and until an ET licensee requires use of the spectrum. ET licensees are not required to pay relocation costs after the relocation rules sunset ( i.e. , for the 2110-2130 MHz and 2160-2180 MHz bands, ten years after the first ET license is issued in the respective band). Once the relocation rules sunset, an ET licensee may require the incumbent to cease operations, provided that the ET licensee intends to turn on a system within interference range of the incumbent, as determined by TIA TSB 10-F or any standard successor. ET licensee notification to the affected PARS licensee must be in writing and must provide the incumbent with no less than six months to vacate the spectrum. After the six-month notice period has expired, the PARS licensee must turn its license back into the Commission, unless the parties have entered into an agreement which allows the PARS licensee to continue to operate on a mutually agreed upon basis. If the parties cannot agree on a schedule or an alternative arrangement, requests for extension will be accepted and reviewed on a case-by-case basis. The Commission will grant such extensions only if the incumbent can demonstrate that:
(1) It cannot relocate within the six-month period ( e.g. , because no alternative spectrum or other reasonable option is available), and;
(2) The public interest would be harmed if the incumbent is forced to terminate operations ( e.g. , if public safety communications services would be disrupted).
(k) Reimbursement and relocation expenses in the 2110-2130 MHz and 2160-2180 MHz bands. Whenever an ET licensee in the 2110-2130 MHz and 2160-2180 MHz band relocates a paired PARS link with one path in the 2110-2130 MHz band and the paired path in the 2160-2180 MHz band, the ET license will be entitled to reimbursement pursuant to the procedures described in §§ 27.1160 through 27.1174 of this chapter.

§ 22.603488-494 MHz fixed service in Hawaii.

Before filing applications for authorization of inter-island control and/or repeater stations, applicants must coordinate the planned channel usage with existing licensees and other applicants with previously filed applications, using the procedure outlined in § 22.150. Applicants and licensees shall cooperate fully and make reasonable efforts to resolve any channel usage conflicts. In situations where technical solutions to such conflicts cannot be devised, the FCC may select a channel or channels to assign or may designate the application(s) for hearing. To be acceptable for filing, applications and major technical amendments must contain a certification that coordination has been completed and an exhibit listing the name(s) of the licensees and applicants with which the planned channel usage has been coordinated.

§ 22.621Channels for point-to-multipoint operation.

The following channels are allocated for assignment to transmitters utilized within point-to-multipoint systems that support transmitters that provide public mobile service. Unless otherwise indicated, all channels have a bandwidth of 20 kHz and are designated by their center frequencies in MegaHertz. No new licenses will be issued for any 900 MHz frequencies in this section. See part 101, subpart O of this chapter for treatment of incumbents and for new licensing procedures. Incumbents under part 22 are subject to the restrictions of part 101, subpart O of this chapter but may make permissible modifications, transfers, assignments, or renew their licenses using procedures, forms, fees, and filing requirements of part 22.
Public Mobile Pool
(25 kHz bandwidth)
8625
8625
9375
9375
8875
8875
9625
9625
9125
9125
9875
9875
(12.5 kHz bandwidth)
85625
85625
93125
93125
86875
86875
94375
94375
88125
88125
95625
95625
89375
89375
96875
96875
90625
90625
98125
98125
91875
91875
99375
99375
Private Radio General Access Pool
(25 kHz bandwidth)
2625
3125
3625
4125
2875
3375
3875
4375
0125
0125
1875
1875
0375
0375
2125
2125
0625
0625
2375
2375
0875
0875
2625
2625
1125
1125
2875
2875
1375
1375
3125
3125
1625
1625
3375
3375
(12.5 kHz bandwidth)
25625
30625
35625
40625
26875
31875
36875
41875
28125
33125
38125
43125
29375
34375
39375
44375
00625
00625
18125
18125
01875
01875
19375
19375
03125
03125
20625
20625
04375
04375
21875
21875
05625
05625
23125
23125
06875
06875
24375
24375
08125
08125
25625
25625
09375
09375
26875
26875
10625
10625
28125
28125
11875
11875
29375
29375
13125
13125
30625
30625
14375
14375
31875
31875
15625
15625
33125
33125
16875
16875
34375
34375
Private Radio Power Pool
(25 kHz bandwidth)
3625
3625
6125
6125
3875
3875
6375
6375
4125
4125
6625
6625
4375
4375
6875
6875
4625
4625
7125
7125
4875
4875
7375
7375
5125
5125
7625
7625
5375
5375
7875
7875
5625
5625
8125
8125
5875
5875
8375
8375
(12.5 kHz bandwidth)
35625
35625
60625
60625
36875
36875
61875
61875
38125
38125
63125
63125
39375
39375
64375
64375
40625
40625
65625
65625
41875
41875
66875
66875
43125
43125
68125
68125
44375
44375
69375
69375
45625
45625
70625
70625
46875
46875
71875
71875
48125
48125
73125
73125
49375
49375
74375
74375
50625
50625
75625
75625
51875
51875
76875
76875
53125
53125
78125
78125
54375
54375
79375
79375
55625
55625
80625
80625
56875
56875
81875
81875
58125
58125
83125
83125
59375
59375
84375
84375
Public, Private, Government Shared Pool
(12.5 kHz bandwidth)
00625
00625
25625
25625
01875
01875
26875
26875
03125
03125
28125
28125
04375
04375
29375
29375
05625
05625
30625
30625
06875
06875
31875
31875
08125
08125
33125
33125
09375
09375
34375
34375
10625
10625
35625
35625
11875
11875
36875
36875
13125
13125
38125
38125
14375
14375
39375
39375
15625
15625
40625
40625
16875
16875
41875
41875
18125
18125
43125
43125
19375
19375
44375
44375
20625
20625
45625
45625
21875
21875
46875
46875
23125
23125
48125
48125
24375
24375
49375
49375
UHF Channels in Specified Urban Areas
Boston
0125
0125
0125
0125
0375
0375
0375
0375
0625
0625
0625
0625
0875
0875
0875
0875
1125
1125
1125
1125
1375
1375
1375
1375
1625
1625
1625
1625
1875
1875
1875
1875
2125
2125
2125
2125
2375
2375
2375
2375
2625
2625
2625
2625
2875
2875
2875
2875
Chicago, Cleveland
0125
0125
0125
0125
0375
0375
0375
0375
0625
0625
0625
0625
0875
0875
0875
0875
1125
1125
1125
1125
1375
1375
1375
1375
1625
1625
1625
1625
1875
1875
1875
1875
2125
2125
2125
2125
2375
2375
2375
2375
2625
2625
2625
2625
2875
2875
2875
2875
New York-Northeastern New Jersey
0125
1625
0125
1625
0375
1875
0375
1875
0625
2125
0625
2125
0875
2375
0875
2375
1125
2625
1125
2625
1375
2875
1375
2875
Dallas-Forth Worth
0125
1625
0125
1625
0375
1875
0375
1875
0625
2125
0625
2125
0875
2375
0875
2375
1125
2625
1125
2625
1375
2875
1375
2875
Detroit
0125
0125
0125
0125
0375
0375
0375
0375
0625
0625
0625
0625
0875
0875
0875
0875
1125
1125
1125
1125
1375
1375
1375
1375
1625
1625
1625
1625
1875
1875
1875
1875
2125
2125
2125
2125
2375
2375
2375
2375
2625
2625
2625
2625
2875
2875
2875
2875
Houston
1625
1625
2375
2375
1875
1875
2625
2625
2125
2125
2875
2875
Los Angeles
0125
0125
0625
0625
0375
0375
0875
0875
0125
0125
1125
1125
0375
0375
Miami
0125
1625
0125
1625
0375
1875
0375
1875
0625
2125
0625
2125
0875
2375
0875
2375
1125
2625
1125
2625
1375
2875
1375
2875
Philadelphia
0125
0125
0125
0125
0375
0375
0375
0375
0625
0625
0625
0625
0875
0875
0875
0875
1125
1125
1125
1125
1375
1375
1375
1375
1625
1625
1625
1625
1875
1875
1875
1875
2125
2125
2125
2125
2375
2375
2375
2375
2625
2625
2625
2625
2875
2875
2875
2875
Pittsburgh
0125
1625
0125
1625
0375
1875
0375
1875
0625
2125
0625
2125
0875
2375
0875
2375
1125
2625
1125
2625
1375
2875
1375
2875
San Francisco
0125
0125
0125
0125
0375
0375
0375
0375
0625
0625
0625
0625
0875
0875
0875
0875
1125
1125
1125
1125
1375
1375
1375
1375
1625
1625
1625
1625
1875
1875
1875
1875
2125
2125
2125
2125
2375
2375
2375
2375
2625
2625
2625
2625
2875
2875
2875
2875
Washington, DC
0125
0125
0125
0125
0375
0375
0375
0375
0625
0625
0625
0625
0875
0875
0875
0875
1125
1125
1125
1125
1375
1375
1375
1375
1625
1625
1625
1625
1875
1875
1875
1875
2125
2125
2125
2125
2375
2375
2375
2375
2625
2625
2625
2625
2875
2875
2875
2875

§ 22.623System configuration.

This section requires a minimum configuration for point-to-multipoint systems using the channels listed in § 22.621.
(a) 928-960 MHz. The channels may be assigned, individually or paired, only to fixed transmitters in a system that controls at least four public mobile base transmitters that transmit on the same channel. If a 932-933 MHz channel and a 941-942 MHz channel are assigned as a pair, the 941-942 MHz channel must be assigned only to control transmitters; the 932-933 MHz channel may be assigned to control or fixed relay transmitters.
(b) 470-512 MHz. These channels may be assigned only individually (unpaired), to control transmitters that directly control at least four public mobile base transmitters that transmit on the same channel. Fixed relay transmitters are not authorized.
(c) Selection and assignment. The FCC selects and assigns a channel when granting applications for authorization to operate a new station to transmit in the 470-512, 932-933 and 941-942 MHz frequency ranges. Applicants having a preference may request the assignment of a specific channel or channel pair, but the FCC may in some cases be unable to satisfy such requests.

§ 22.625Transmitter locations.

This section governs where point-to-multipoint transmitters on the channels listed in § 22.621 may be located.
(a) 928-960 MHz. In this frequency range, the required minimum distance separation between co-channel fixed transmitters is 113 kilometers (70 miles).
(b) 470-512 MHz. The purpose of the rule in paragraph (b)(1) of this section is to define the areas in which the 470-512 MHz channels are allocated for public mobile use. The purpose of the rules in paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section is to reduce the likelihood that interference to television reception from public mobile operations on these channels will occur.
(1) Control transmitter locations. Control transmitter locations must be within 80 kilometers (50 miles) of the designated locations in this paragraph.
Urban area
N. latitude
W. longitude
Boston, MA
42°21′24.4″
71°03′22.2″
Chicago, IL
41°52′28.1″
87°38′22.2″
Cleveland, OH
41°29′51.2″
81°41′49.5″
Dallas, TX
32°47′09.5″
96°47′38.0″
Detroit, MI
42°19′48.1″
83°02′56.7″
Houston, TX
29°45′26.8″
95°21′37.8″
Los Angeles, CA
34°03′15.0″
18°14′31.3″
Miami, FL
25°46′38.6″
80°11′31.2″
New York, NY
40°45′6.4″
73°59′37.5″
Philadelphia, PA
39°56′58.4″
75°09′19.6″
Pittsburgh, PA
40°26′19.2″
79°59′59.2″
San Francisco-Oakland, CA
37°46′38.7″
122°24′43.9″
Washington, DC
38°53′51.4″
77°00′31.9″
Note: Coordinates are referenced to North American Datum 1983 (NAD 83).
(2) Protection from intermodulation interference. Control transmitter locations must be at least 1.6 kilometers (1 mile) from the main transmitter locations of all TV stations transmitting on TV channels separated by 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, or 8 TV channels from the TV channel containing the frequencies on which the control station will transmit. This requirement is intended to reduce the likelihood of intermodulation interference.
(3) Co-channel protection from control transmitters with high antennas. This paragraph applies only to control transmitters that utilize an antenna height of more than 152 meters (500 feet) above average terrain. The distance between the location of such a control transmitter and the applicable protected TV station location specified in this paragraph must equal or exceed the sum of the distance from the control transmitter location to the radio horizon in the direction of the specified location and 89 kilometers (55 miles—representing the distance from the main transmitter location of the TV station to its Grade B contour in the direction of the control transmitter). The protected TV station locations in this paragraph are the locations of record as of September 1974, and these do not change even though the TV stations may have been subsequently relocated.
(i) The protected TV station locations are as follows:
Control transmitter frequency range
Protected TV station location
470-476 MHz
Washington, DC 38°57′17″ 77°00′17″
476-482 MHz
Lancaster, PA 40°15′45″ 76°27′49″
(ii) The distance to the radio horizon is calculated using the following formula:
where
d is the distance to the radio horizon in kilometers
h is the height of the antenna center of radiation above ground level in meters

§ 22.627Effective radiated power limits.

The effective radiated power (ERP) of transmitters operating on the channels listed in § 22.621 must not exceed the limits in this section.
(a) Maximum ERP. The ERP must not exceed the applicable limits in this paragraph under any circumstances.
Frequency range (MHz)
Maximum ERP (watts)
470-512
1000
928-929
50
932-933
30
941-942
600
952-960
150
(b) 470-512 MHz limits. The purpose of the rules in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section is to reduce the likelihood that interference to television receiption from public mobile operations on these channels will occur. The protected TV station locations specified in this section are the locations of record as of September 1974, and these do not change even though the TV stations may have been subsequently relocated.
(1) Co-channel protection. The ERP of control transmitters must not exceed the limits in the tables in paragraphs (b)(1)(ii) and (b)(1)(iii) of this section. The limits depend upon the height above average terrain of the control transmitter antenna and the distance between the control transmitter and the nearest protected TV station location in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section.
(i) The protected TV station locations are as follows (all coordinates are referenced to North American Datum 1983 (NAD83)):
Control transmitter frequency range
Protected TV station location
470-476 MHz
Jacksonville, IL, 39°45′52.2″ N. Lat. 90°30′29.5″ W. Long.
Mt. Pleasant, MI, 43°34′24.1″ N. Lat. 84°46′21.1″ W. Long.
476-482 MHz 482-488 MHz 488-494 MHz 494-500 MHz 500-506 MHz 506-512 MHz
Oxford, OH, 39°30′26.2″ N. Lat. 84°44′8.8″ W. Long. Washington, DC, 38°57′17.4″ N. Lat. 77°00′15.9″ W. Long. Champaign, IL, 40°04′11.1″ N. Lat. 87°54′45.1″ W. Long. Madison, WI, 43°03′01.0″ N. Lat. 89°29′15.4″ W. Long. Parkersburg, WV, 39°20′50.3″ N. Lat. 81°33′55.5″ W. Long. Fort Wayne, IN, 41°05′35.2″ N. Lat. 85°10′41.9″ W. Long. Lancaster, PA, 40°15′45.3″ N. Lat. 76°27′47.9″ W. Long. South Bend, IN, 41°36′26.2″ N. Lat. 86°27′48.1″ W. Long. Philadelphia, PA, 40°02′30.4″ N. Lat. 75°14′22.6″ W. Long.
None. Johnstown, PA, 40°19′47.3″ N. Lat. 78°53′44.1″ W. Long. Washington, DC, 38°57′49.4″ N. Lat. 77°06′16.9″ W. Long. Waterbury, CT, 41°31′2.3″ N. Lat. 73°00′58.4″ W. Long.
(ii) Table E-3 and E-4 apply to control transmitters in the New York-Northeastern New Jersey and Cleveland urban areas that transmit on channels in the 476-482 MHz range and to control transmitters in the Detroit urban area that transmit on channels in the 482-488 MHz range.
(iii) Tables E-5 and E-6 apply to all control transmitters except those to which Tables E-3 and E-4 apply.
(2) Adjacent channel protection. The ERP of control transmitters must not exceed the limits in Table E-7. The limits depend upon the height above average terrain of the control transmitter antenna and the distance between the control transmitter and the nearest protected TV station location listed in this paragraph. The protected TV station locations are as follows (all coordinates are referenced to North American Datum 1983 (NAD83)):
Control transmitter frequency range
Protected TV station location
TV channel
470-476 MHz
Hanover, NH, 43°42′30.3″ N. Lat. 72°09′14.3″ W. Long.
(15)
Madison, WI, 43°03′01.0″ N. Lat. 89°29′15.4″ W. Long.
(15)
Champaign, IL, 40°04′11.1″ N. Lat. 87°54′45.1″ W. Long.
(15)
San Diego, CA, 32°41′48.2″ N. Lat. 116°56′13.1″ W. Long.
(15)
Lancaster, PA, 40°15′45.3″ N. Lat. 76°27′47.9″ W. Long.
(15)
Parkersburg, WV, 39°20′50.3″ N. Lat. 81°33′55.5″ W. Long.
(15)
476-482 MHz
South Bend, IN, 41°36′26.2″ N. Lat. 86°27′48.1″ W. Long.
(16)
Pittsburgh, PA, 40°26′46.2″ N. Lat. 79°57′50.2″ W. Long.
(16)
Mt. Pleasant, MI, 43°34′24.1″ N. Lat. 84°46′21.1″ W. Long.
(14)
Scranton, PA, 41°10′58.3″ N. Lat. 75°52′19.7″ W. Long.
(16)
482-488 MHz
Hanover, NH, 43°42′30.3″ N. Lat. 72°09′14.3″ W. Long.
(15)
Fort Wayne, IN, 41°05′35.2″ N. Lat. 85°10′41.9″ W. Long.
(15)
488-494 MHz
Salisbury, MD, 38°24′15.4″ N. Lat. 75°34′43.7″ W. Long.
(16)
494-500 MHz
Philadelphia, PA, 40°02′30.4″ N. Lat. 75°14′22.6″ W. Long.
(17)
500-506 MHz
Washington, DC, 38°57′17.4″ N. Lat. 77°00′15.9″ W. Long.
(20)
506-512 MHz
Harrisburg, PA, 40°20′44.3″ N. Lat. 76°52′07.9″ W. Long.
(21)
(c) Los Angeles area. This paragraph applies only to control transmitters in the Los Angeles urban area that utilize an antenna height of 457 or more meters (1500 or more feet) above mean sea level. The ERP of such transmitters must not exceed the following limits:
Antenna height
ERP
AMSL in meters (feet)
(Watts)
457 (1500) to 610 (2000)
155
611 (2001) to 762 (2500)
100
763 (2501) to 914 (3000)
70
915 (3001) to 1067 (3500)
50
1068 (3501) to 1219 (4000)
40
1220 (4001) to 1372 (4500)
30
1373 (4501) and above
25
Table E-3—Maximum ERP (Watts) for Control Transmitters (HAAT 152 Meters or Less)
Distance to protected TV station in kilometers (miles)
Antenna height above average terrain in meters (feet)
15 (50)
30 (100)
46 (150)
61 (200)
76 (250)
91 (300)
107 (350)
122 (400)
137 (450)
152 (500)
209 (130)
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
201 (125)
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
850
750
725
193 (120)
1000
1000
1000
1000
900
750
675
600
550
500
185 (115)
1000
1000
800
725
600
525
475
425
375
350
177 (110)
850
700
600
500
425
375
325
300
275
225
169 (105)
600
475
400
325
275
250
225
200
175
150
161 (100)
400
325
275
225
175
150
140
125
110
100
153 (95)
275
225
175
125
110
95
80
70
60
50
145 (90)
175
125
100
75
50
See § 22.627(b)(1)(ii). This table is for antenna heights of 152 meters (500 feet) or less above average terrain. For antenna heights between those in the table, use the next higher antenna height. For distances between those in the table, use the next lower distance.
Table E-4—Maximum ERP (Watts) for Control Transmitters (HAAT More Than 152 Meters)
Distance to protected TV station in kilometers (miles)
Antenna height above average terrain in meters (feet)
152 (500)
305 (1000)
457 (1500)
610 (2000)
762 (2500)
914 (3000)
209 (130)
1000
447
219
117
71
46
193 (120)
500
209
95
50
30
19
177 (110)
225
91
35
19
11
8
161 (100)
100
30
10
5
3
2
153 (95)
50
13
5
3
2
1
See § 22.627(b)(1)(ii). This table is for antenna heights of more than 152 meters (500 feet) above average terrain. For intermediate values of height and/or distance, use linear interpolation to obtain the maximum permitted ERP.
Table E-5—Maximum ERP (Watts) for Control Transmitters (HAAT 152 Meters or Less)
Distance to protected TV station in kilometers (miles)
Antenna Height Above Average Terrain in meters (feet)
15 (50)
30 (100)
46 (150)
61 (200)
76 (250)
91 (300)
107 (350)
122 (400)
137 (450)
152 (500)
261 (162)
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
257 (160)
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
800
249 (155)
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
875
775
700
625
575
241 (150)
1000
1000
950
775
725
625
550
500
450
400
233 (145)
850
750
650
575
500
440
400
350
320
300
225 (140)
600
575
465
400
350
300
275
250
230
225
217 (135)
450
400
335
300
255
240
200
185
165
150
209 (130)
350
300
245
200
185
160
145
125
120
100
201 (125)
225
200
170
150
125
110
100
90
80
75
193 (120)
175
150
125
105
90
80
70
60
55
50
See § 22.627(b)(1)(iii). This table applies for antenna heights of 152 meters (500 feet) or less above average terrain. For antenna heights between those in the table, use the next higher antenna height. For distances between those in the table, use the next lower distance.
Table E-6—Maximum ERP (Watts) for Control Transmitters (HAAT More Than 152 Meters)
Distance to protected TV station in kilometers (miles)
Antenna height above average terrain in meters (feet)
152 (500)
305 (1000)
457 (1500)
610 (2000)
762 (2500)
914 (3000)
261 (162)
1000
501
282
170
110
71
241 (150)
400
209
110
60
36
23
225 (140)
225
102
50
28
16
10
209 (130)
100
48
21
11
7
5
193 (120)
50
19
9
5
3
2
See § 22.627(b)(1)(iii). This table is for antenna heights of more than 152 meters (500 feet) above average terrain. For intermediate values of height and/or distance, use linear interpolation to obtain the maximum permitted ERP.
Table E-7—Maximum ERP (Watts) for Control Transmitters
Distance to protected TV station in kilometers (miles)
Antenna height above average terrain in meters (feet)
30 (100)
46 (150)
61 (200)
76 (250)
91 (300)
107 (350)
122 (400)
137 (450)
152 (500)
108 (67)
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
106 (66)
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
750
105 (65)
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
825
650
600
103 (64)
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
775
625
500
400
101 (63)
1000
1000
1000
1000
440
400
350
320
300
100 (62)
1000
1000
1000
525
375
250
200
150
125
98 (61)
1000
700
450
250
200
125
100
75
50
97 (60)
1000
425
225
125
100
75
50
See § 22.627(b)(2). This table applies to control transmitters in the Boston, Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York-Northeastern New Jersey, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Washington, DC urban areas. This table is for antenna heights of 152 meters (500 feet) or less above average terrain. For antenna heights between those in the table, use the next higher antenna height. For distances between those in the table, use the next lower distance.

127 sections

Cite this law

PUBLIC MOBILE SERVICES (U.S.C.). Retrieved via LawPlayer, https://lawplayer.com/us/act/cfr-title-47-part-22

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