The building had recently been inspected, but it seemed that thesystem was not working when the firebroke out.
(A)immune
(B)circulatory
(C)sprinkler
(D)navigation
One of the duties of a fire control officer is to monitor emergency calls and take command of theof allresources.
(A)dispatch
(B)expense
(C)purchase
(D)solution
Firefighters should particularly bear in mind that radio signalin some types of buildings can be limited.
(A)intrusion
(B)decoding
(C)penetration
(D)relocation
Paramedics are always first at the scene tolife-saving procedures, such as to supply splints to limbs, todress wounds, and to set up drips.
(A)administer
(B)attach
(C)institute
(D)produce
Defining the firein a tunnel generally involves a high level of uncertainty due to variation in fuel,ventilation, and tunnel geometry.
(A)anticipation
(B)decision
(C)scenario
(D)work
It is advisable that we evaluate electrochemical or optical sensors, placed in the cooktop exhaust, for usein predicting and preventing cooktop ignition.
(A)ceiling
(B)hole
(C)escape
(D)duct
Most fire service staff will be familiar with the type ofused for monitoring premises for security purposes,either in shops, car parks, or remote fire stations.
(A)VPN
(B)LAN
(C)GPS
(D)CCTV
By keeping doors and windows closed, it is possible for a fire to becomeof oxygen and self-extinguish asa result, if the enclosure in which fire occurs is relatively small.
(A)away
(B)gone
(C)displaced
(D)starved
Almost everytraining program would involve the drill to find the lost, injured or trapped firefighter, workthrough the problem, and remove the firefighter from harm.
(A)infernal
(B)mayday
(C)temporary
(D)doomsday
Anladder truck is a motor vehicle equipped with a tower ladder, which is used to fight a fire from above.
(A)aerial
(B)elongated
(C)extravagant
(D)oversized
The firefighter at theshould be able to communicate by radio with the pump operator to provide feedbackabout water flow.
(A)apparatus
(B)hatchet
(C)nozzle
(D)phone
A defibrillator is a device that releases a brief but powerful electric charge to restore normal heart rhythm aftercardiac.
(A)arrest
(B)blockade
(C)hindrance
(D)impediment
Research has clearly identified the effects of rising temperature on “fuel aridity”—or theof thevegetation—as the primary pathway by which global warming has been influencing wildfire risk.
(A)dryness
(B)influence
(C)lack
(D)richness
If part of a fire-resisting enclosure, required by the regulations at the time of construction, were illegally removedby an occupier as part of an, he or she would be guilty of an offence.
(A)undertaking
(B)exception
(C)employment
(D)alteration請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題:Except in very rare cases, for instance whilst the ship is en voyage, it would be, in case of fire, a sound
A well-designedcan help people travel quickly from any location in a building to a safeplace in the event of a safety emergency.
(A)fire extinguisher
(B)evacuation route
(C)foam nozzle
(D)life detector
neverto use sea water unless absolutely forced to do so. There are many circumstances in which sea water has a secondaryeffect. In the
When afire occurs, you are strongly advised to turn off the heat immediately and put a lidback on the frying pan to prevent a kitchen fire from growing into greater blaze.
(A)grease
(B)bush
(C)vehicle
(D)garbage
spaces, for example, there would be an irreversible damage done to the steelwork and copperfitments. Sea water is very slow drying and leaves a residue which has a
Firstrefer to those professionals who are the first line of defense against disasters. They areamong the first to arrive at the scene of an emergency and provide assistance to examine, analyze,weigh up, and cope with the hazardous situations. EMT is a case in point.
(A)aids
(B)correspondents
(C)commanders
(D)responders
action. Since metal is microscopicallyporous, it will be understood that mere wiping down will not completely remove the effect. In addition, acids have adefinite
Carrying out a rapid and correctof how the fire will affect the construction components ofthe buildings on the fireground is a crucial skill for firefighters.
(A)treatment
(B)handling
(C)assessment
(D)suppression
to any form of water. The accepted rule is: never add water to acid. The action of water in contact withthe acid is to
EMTs were using the automated external defibrillators (AEDs) at the scene to revive peoplesuffering from.
(A)bone fracture
(B)asthma
(C)cardiac arrest
(D)food poisoning
heat. If sea water is used, there will be a production of even more choking fume.41
(A)echo
(B)axiom
(C)detection
(D)navigation42
(A)cargo
(B)cooling
(C)machinery
(D)passenger43
(A)conducive
(B)corrosive
(C)inflammable
(D)seductive44
(A)insulation
(B)reaction
(C)resistance
(D)subjection45
(A)renounce
(B)confuse
(C)deter
(D)generate請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題:Civil
Sleeping with the bedroom door closed may helpin case of fire, keeping smoke and flamesout of your room for a while and gaining more time to get to safety.
(A)segregate
(B)compartmentalize
(C)separate
(D)quarantine
for loss or injury as a result of fire can arise in certain circumstances. The increasing awareness of thepotential for
The authorities concerned have announced that traffic will bethrough the side streets whilethe main road is resurfaced.
(A)deterred
(B)diverted
(C)obsessed
(D)oppressed
is likely to ensure that claims against occupiers or owners of property involved in fire will continueto arise. In a particularly important case, a firefighter successfully sued a householder for his injuries,
These strategies adopted in the remaining chapters are not new at all; they areof those we’vealready seen for decades.
(A)tedious
(B)tentative
(C)respective
(D)reminiscent
whilefighting a fire. The fire started due to the
Though she was comparatively young and inexperienced, she showed muchand waspromoted to manager after a year.
(A)hostility
(B)initiative
(C)monopoly
(D)expenditure
of the householder while undertaking work in the premises. Likewise,if a fire starts or spreads due to the presence of dangerous
A succession of scandals and controversies has seriouslythe government’s prestige over thepast few year.
(A)certified
(B)navigated
(C)acclaimed
(D)undermined請依下文回答第51 題至第55 題:Backdrafts are of great danger. They often
, rather than by accident, prosecution will ensue.46
(A)liability
(B)disclosure
(C)takeover
(D)enclosure47
(A)combustion
(B)ignition
(C)litigation
(D)procrastination48
(A)found
(B)healed
(C)incurred
(D)revealed49
(A)insight
(B)perfection
(C)suggestion
(D)negligence50
(A)effects
(B)substances
(C)thoughts
(D)guards
even highly experienced firefighters. A backdraft canoccur when a compartment fire has little or no
. Due to this, little or no oxygen can flow into thecompartment. Then, because fires
oxygen, the oxygen concentration decreases. When theconcentration becomes too
to support combustion, this may cause a phenomenon in which whenmaterial is heated enough, it begins to break down into smaller compounds, including hydrogen. However,the hydrogen and smoke remain at a hot
enough to auto-ignite. If oxygen is then re-introducedto the compartment, e.g. by opening a door or window to a closed room, while the gasses are still hotenough to auto-ignite, combustion will often restart abruptly.51
(A)mourn
(B)revere
(C)delight
(D)surprise52
(A)existence
(B)obligation
(C)ventilation
(D)manipulation53
(A)reduce
(B)promote
(C)provoke
(D)strengthen54
(A)low
(B)filled
(C)dense
(D)flooded55
(A)prosperity
(B)temperature
(C)significance
(D)resistance請依下文回答第56 題至第60 題:More often, people have heard about PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) in the context of war, withcombat -exposed veterans. While combat veterans often return to the normality of the civilian life afterdeployment, the job of firefighters, police officers and emergency medical services workers involvesregular, routine exposure to all types of traumas, for years and decades of their careers.Research shows that 20% of firefighters pass the diagnostic threshold for PTSD at some point in theircareer. The symptoms developed include frequent nightmares, flashbacks, avoiding reminders of traumaand being easily startled. Depression, anxiety, and substance use are the consequences caused bycumulative trauma exposure.The problem-solving and “being in charge” work attitude that is a strength of firefighters can sometimesbecome a barrier in seeking help, as they might see vulnerability as a sign of failure. It is often heard fromfirefighters the feeling of shame and worries that others might see them as weak for sharing and discussingthe traumatic experience they have being through. Consequently, firefighters’ tough work ceases to be theconversation topic at their family dinner table.Left unaddressed, trauma and chronic stress can lead to not only mental health consequences but alsophysical illness. Fortunately, serious efforts are being made to spread awareness and fight stigma relatedto mental health. A variety of programs are launched to fight stigma by explaining the mechanisms oftrauma and stress in the body and brain. This approach can also reframe these traumatic experiences asvulnerability rather than weakness. The “don’t quit” mentality of firefighters can be shifted towardencouraging fighting the mental health consequences of trauma, instead of avoiding and denying it.
Which of the following is the most suitable title for this article?
(A)The Danger of Substance Use
(B)The Unhappy Marriage of a Firefighter
(C)Beating Back Vulnerability
(D)Facing Up to PTSD
What does “substance use” mean in this article?
(A)Drug or alcohol dependence
(B)Using violence
(C)Impulse buying
(D)Using bad language
“Being in charge” work attitude in this article means that firefighters are usually asked toonthe fireground.
(A)boss people around
(B)take complete control of the situation
(C)feel pleased about what they are doing
(D)leave the fire engine on charge
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
(A)When firefighters concede they are traumatized by what they have been through, they areadmitting defeat.
(B)Sharing painful experience is tantamount to whining, so it is the last thing a brave firefightershould do.
(C)Combat veterans are more vulnerable to PTSD than firefighters, and the consequences are usuallyfar more serious.
(D)Firefighters are advised to confront PTSD with the same courage and determination with whichthey beat back fire on the fireground.
When we say “there is a social stigma attached to PTSD,” it means there is a strong feeling in societythat PTSD is something to be.
(A)ashamed of
(B)proud of
(C)taken into account
(D)complied with