地政(高普考/地特) 113 年基礎能力測驗考古題

Most people are generallyabout social media interactions because they could expressthemselves more freely. (A)indifferent (B)inclined (C)enthusiastic (D)declined

The greatof the Internet and social media makes it easy to spread false information. (A)consumption (B)reduction (C)popularity (D)deduction

The last wild Tasmanian tiger is believed to have been shot in 1930 by a farmer whoit prowlingnear a hen house on his farm. (A)spared (B)spotted (C)teased (D)tossed

Fake news can be a dangerous way of obtaining information; readers need to develop a(n)mindsetwhen reading news stories. (A)critical (B)efficient (C)durable (D)identical

Evidence as to the major underlying mechanisms of the defect remains; hence, further researchis needed. (A)erosive (B)elusive (C)eternal (D)editorial

In this country, employees areto retire when they reach the age of 60. (A)fertile (B)ignorant (C)eligible (D)bulky

After the flood finally, all the old landmarks were once more visible. (A)suppressed (B)surrendered (C)subsided (D)substituted

can result from a diet that is rich in fat and sugar. (A)Prestige (B)Obesity (C)Hospitality (D)Inflation

Studies show that leaders withare likeable. They tend to motivate and influence a group ofpeople to work together. (A)charisma (B)disposal (C)enrichment (D)guard

Breathing helps you calm down and thinkin the face of stress, fear, and overwhelming emotion. (A)furiously (B)loosely (C)rationally (D)gloomily

The employee’s performancewas considered very positive, so she was offered a promotion. (A)deduction (B)appraisal (C)induction (D)reprimand

Near the end of the marathon, Bruce was burned out and collapsed from. (A)momentum (B)exhaustion (C)intuition (D)sentiment

Life is beautiful and worth celebrating, but one should be always ready to faceand challenges. (A)contribution (B)adversity (C)felicity (D)consolation

Many buildingsin the earthquake and hundreds of people were rendered homeless as a result. (A)collapsed (B)thrived (C)boomed (D)mushroomed

More qualifications will guarantee more opportunities for one toan ideal job. (A)dismiss (B)observe (C)locate (D)transform

The line between failure and success is so fine that what seems hopeless failure may turn tosuccess. (A)glorious (B)obedient (C)portable (D)tolerant

Theof virtual reality technology allowed me to experience things in a way that I never thoughtwas possible. (A)costume (B)novelty (C)nonsense (D)commonplace

A restauranttypically includes the name and address of the restaurant, as well as a list of all theitems ordered, their prices and the total cost. (A)receipt (B)receiver (C)reception (D)record

Drinking lots of water helped tohis thirst after a long and tiring hike through the desert. (A)ignite (B)trigger (C)quench (D)aggravate

People who think critically caninformation and make good decisions, rather than blindlyaccepting what they are told. (A)evaluate (B)dismiss (C)ignore (D)reduce請依下文回答第11 題至第15 題：AI technology has become controversial nowadays. Some of the biggest names in tech are

The politician’s bombastic remarks, filled with exaggerated promises and claims, failed totheskeptical crowd of voters. (A)approve (B)eliminate (C)convince (D)negate

forartificial intelligence labs to stop the training of the most powerful AI systems for at least six months in anopen letter. Elon Musk was among the dozens of tech leaders, professors and researchers

His job responsibilitiesyours, so you will be sharing some of the work with your teammates. (A)pierce (B)overlap (C)dominate (D)undergo

signed theletter, published by the Future of Life Institute. The letter comes just two weeks after OpenAI announced GPT-4, an even more powerful version of the technology that underpins the viral AI chatbot tool, ChatGPT. In earlytests and a company demo, the technology was shown drafting lawsuits,

Nothing is better than visiting the national park during spring and seeingvegetation beneath thetrees. (A)stingy (B)barren (C)lush (D)meager

standardized exams andbuilding a working website from a hand-drawn sketch. “Advanced AI could represent a

Scientists have usedengineering to protect various crops such as rice and tomatoes. (A)genetic (B)generous (C)gentrified (D)gentle

change in thehistory of life on Earth, and should be planned for and managed with care and resources,” the letter said.“Unfortunately, this level of planning and management is not happening,

In terms of infant nutrition, from 6 months of age, breast milk should bea variety of adequate,safe and nutrient-dense foods. (A)composed of (B)implemented by (C)complemented with (D)consumed with請依下文回答第16 題至第20 題：Drinking culture exists in almost every country around the world because alcohol consumption has become anintegral part of socializing in many cultures. However, since different countries have their own beliefs andpractices about drinking alcohol, it is better to heed to those different traditions and customs in order not to getyourself embarrassed or even in trouble while you are in a different land. Different countries, for instance, dohave their own drinking etiquette, times, places and regulations. In the UK, almost everyone knows that youwill be discriminated if you don’t buy your round before leaving a pub or bar. In the Czech Republic, it is wiseto place your beermat on top of your drinking cup to indicate that you’re finished with your drinking. Or yourempty cup will get filling up even if you don’t want to drink any more. In Germany, always keep your eyecontacts with people you’re having a toast with. If you don’t, you’ll be condemned with having seven yearsof bad luck. In Japan, however, you should avoid offending your colleagues, especially those who are yourseniors, by averting your head from them.Drinking times also vary in different cultures. People in the UK, Iceland, and the Czech Republic tend to drinkafter the midday, in the evening or even after the midnight in the case of Iceland, whereas it is customable forpeople in Spain, France, Russia, and Germany to drink during lunch. The German even drink on Sundaymornings known as Frühschoppen. It is a drinking gathering for family members after their Sunday morningchurch service. Drinking regulations also diverge in many countries. Rules about where to purchase andconsume alcohol as well as the proper drinking age do differ from nation to nation. In Germany as in somecountries, it is allowed to drink in public places while in Russia, people can only consume alcohol in bars,restaurants and their homes. In Iceland and other countries, you are unable to buy alcohol from supermarketsand other grocery stores as it is rigorously supervised. Apart from purchasing it in bars and restaurants, peoplecan only obtain it from government-run vinbudin. The so-called “dry” countries in the world are referred tothose nations that treat drinking as entirely illegal. It is worthy of note that in countries like the Kingdom ofBrunei, Saudi Arabia, and parts of the UAE and India, people can sometimes get punished for drinking alcohol.

recent months have seen AIlabs locked in an out-of-control race to develop and deploy ever more powerful digital minds that no one – noteven their creators – can understand, predict, or reliably control.” If a pause is not put in place soon, the lettersaid governments should step in.11 (A)calling (B)lasting (C)telling (D)handing12 (A)where (B)which (C)who (D)what13 (A)failing (B)passing (C)working (D)hiding14 (A)profound (B)least (C)scarce (D)negligent15 (A)suppose (B)unless (C)in case (D)even though請依下文回答第16 題至第20 題：Doctors without Borders, or Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), is an international organization thatprovides medical assistance to millions of people around the world. The organization was created in 1971 byjournalists and doctors in France. Now it works in over 60 countries. Its primary goal is to help people in crisissituations, such as wars, natural disasters, or extreme poverty.MSF raises money from private donors. This allows the organization to work independently from othergovernments, religions, or militaries and to assist individuals regardless of their nationality or affiliation. Withthis money, MSF creates medical teams of doctors, nurses, and other health-care professionals. MSF requiresthese teams to have experience in the medical field and to make a commitment to their work.MSF sends medical teams to countries where there are major needs. For example, a team might go to arefugee camp. Another team might go to a poor country with a lack of doctors and medicines. The teams studythe situation and decide what care is needed. MSF can offer many different types of services. During a war,they may provide mental health services. After a natural disaster like an earthquake, they may rebuild hospitalsand shelters to help the country recover.While MSF’s medical teams are working in a country, their primary concern is quality medical assistance.However, if a team learns about a new problem, they will speak out so that the international communitybecomes aware of the situation. MSF will use media, such as newspaper articles or Twitter feeds, to inform theworld. For instance, MSF created a campaign called “Starved for Attention.” Global countries were madeaware of the issue of childhood malnutrition through this campaign.After MSF has helped a country, they may leave and give its programs to the local citizens of that country.This allows MSF to use its resources to help the next country. However, MSF will not leave a country until theemergency situation has improved. MSF wants to be sure that the country will continue to get medical careafter they leave. Through this process, MSF continues to have a positive impact on a community even after theorganization has left a country.

Which of the following is the best title of this passage? (A)Drinking Etiquette and Regulations in Europe. (B)The Beneficial and Harmful Sides of Drinking. (C)Various Practices of Drinking around the World. (D)Various Discriminations Led by Drinking.

What is the main purpose of this passage? (A)To show what MSF most requires. (B)To explain how MSF operates. (C)To describe the origins of MSF. (D)To emphasize the skills of MSF’s doctors.

In what column is this passage most likely to be found? (A)Politics. (B)Business. (C)Medicine. (D)Living.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to “affiliation” in the passage? (A)Connection. (B)Circumstance. (C)Ethnicity. (D)Possession.

Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage? (A)Intense. (B)Frustrated. (C)Arrogant. (D)Outspoken.

Which of the following MSF services is NOT mentioned in the passage? (A)They build homes for earthquake victims. (B)They help people with their mental health. (C)They plan an anti-poaching campaign. (D)They assist people in receiving good medical care.

According to this passage, why are some nations referred to as “dry” countries? (A)Because drinking is considered breaking the law. (B)Because there is a shortage of water and alcohol. (C)Because most of those countries have desert lands. (D)Because those countries regard alcohol as poisonous.

What is the main point of the fourth paragraph? (A)MSF could make the world aware of local problems. (B)MSF is very good at using social media such as Twitter. (C)Malnutrition in children is MSF’s primary concern. (D)The MSF team often faces opposition from the local government.

According to the passage, which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “condemned”? (A)Cursed. (B)Loaded. (C)Respected. (D)Regulated.

Which of the following statements about MSF is true when it decides when to leave a country? (A)It does not rely on local citizens to carry out its program. (B)It knows how to use its resources to assist the next country. (C)It understands how to deal with emergency situations. (D)It will not leave a country until medical care is guaranteed.

依照司法院釋字第443 號解釋所揭示之「法律保留原則」，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)給付行政措施受法律規範之密度，可以比限制人民權益之行政措施來得寬鬆。但涉及公共利益之重大事項者，仍應有法律或法律授權之命令做為依據 (B)關於剝奪人民生命、身體及人身自由之可罰要件，應由國會自行以法律加以規定 (C)關於如何對人民進行逮捕、拘禁、審問及處罰之法定機關，得交由立法院以法律規定 (D)若屬執行法律之細節性、技術性次要事項，得由行政機關發布命令為必要之規範

關於「強行法」和「任意法」之區分，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)強行法與任意法的區分，乃是以「制訂與適用法律者是否恣意為之」作為標準 (B)公法因為保護公益，可等同於強行法 (C)私法不等於任意法 (D)刑法也是公法的一種，是以刑法的規範內容皆為強行規定

依憲法及增修條文規定，關於教育、科學、文化經費之編列，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)在中央不得少於其預算總額百分之十五 (B)在直轄市不得少於其預算總額百分之三十五 (C)在縣（市）不得少於其預算總額百分之三十五 (D)已無經費編列比例之最低限制，但仍應優先編列

嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎防治及紓困振興特別條例於民國109 年2 月25 日制定並公布，該條例第19條第1 項規定：本條例施行期間，自中華民國109 年1 月15 日起至110 年6 月30 日止。但第12條至第16 條自公布日施行。依據中央法規標準法之規定，該條例第12 條至第16 條的規定，應自何時開始有效？ (A)法規所訂之施行日 (B)公布日起算至第3 日起 (C)法規所訂施行日之翌日 (D)公布日

我國設置軍事審判程序之憲法依據，依司法院大法官解釋，主要為下列何憲法條文？ (A)憲法第9 條，「人民除現役軍人外，不受軍事審判」 (B)憲法第77 條，「司法院為國家最高司法機關，掌理民事、刑事、行政訴訟之審判及公務員之懲戒」 (C)憲法第36 條，「總統統率全國陸海空軍」 (D)憲法第16 條，「人民有請願、訴願及訴訟之權」

下列關於著作人格權之敘述，何者正確？ (A)著作人死亡時，其著作人格權即消滅 (B)如無約定，公務員職務著作之著作人格權為該公務員隸屬之法人所有 (C)著作人只能對其著作之原件享有於著作公開發表時，有表示其本名、別名或不具名之權利。而其著作所生之衍生著作，則不具此權利 (D)著作人於其著作完成時，享有著作人格權

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，下列何者非屬表現自由之保障範圍？ (A)出版自由 (B)講學自由 (C)集會遊行自由 (D)行動自由

關於民法上農育權的規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)除契約另有約定或另有習慣者外，農育權人得將其權利讓與他人 (B)除契約另有約定或另有習慣者外，農育權人得將其權利設定抵押權 (C)農育權的最高期限為30 年 (D)以造林、保育為目的之農育權，當事人不得隨時終止

有關總統解散立法院之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)不信任案提出後5 日內，經總統諮詢立法院院長後，得解散立法院 (B)總統欲解散立法院，須先徵詢行政院院長同意並副署後，始得為之 (C)總統於戒嚴或緊急命令生效期間，不得解散立法院 (D)總統得以政策推動受阻為由，解散立法院

關於家庭暴力防治法中保護令之聲請，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)除被害人外，地方主管機關亦得聲請保護令 (B)被害人為未成年人時，其祖父母得為其向法院聲請 (C)家暴發生地之地方法院得為管轄法院 (D)以書面為原則，但被害人有受家暴之急迫危險時，得以言詞聲請緊急保護令

甲原為大陸地區人民，與臺灣地區人民結婚後經許可進入臺灣地區，且依規定正式取得臺灣地區戶籍。甲經公務人員考試及格，卻因臺灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例第21 條第1 項前段有關設有戶籍未滿10 年者不得擔任公務人員之規定，而無從擔任公務人員，甲認為系爭規定違反憲法。依司法院大法官解釋之意旨，甲之主張是否有理由？ (A)有理由，其他外籍配偶均無此種限制，明顯違反平等原則 (B)無理由，外籍人士之應考試服公職本不受我國憲法保障 (C)有理由，禁止期間定為10 年並無確切根據，有違比例原則之要求 (D)無理由，此屬立法者有鑒於國家情勢所為之特別規定，目的正當且手段適當

依司法院釋字第432 號解釋，下列何者並非「法律明確性原則」的內涵？ (A)其意義非難以理解 (B)其授權內容、範圍特定、具體 (C)其為受規範者所得預見 (D)其可經由司法審查加以確認

地方立法機關議決之自治事項，若經監督機關認與法律牴觸而函告無效，於憲法訴訟法實施後，應如何提起憲法訴訟？ (A)地方自治團體就自治事項與法律有無牴觸發生疑義，聲請憲法法庭解釋 (B)地方自治團體就法律是否違憲，聲請法規範憲法審查 (C)地方自治團體於窮盡行政救濟程序後，就不利確定終局裁判，聲請宣告違憲之判決 (D)地方自治團體並無任何管道可提起憲法訴訟

犯罪嫌疑人張三被逮捕後，經檢察官聲請羈押，移送至地方法院，法院書記官李四發現張三為其舊識，便趁機交付一支迴紋針，使張三得以打開手銬，逃之夭夭。下列敘述何者正確？註：刑法第163 條第1 項規定：「公務員縱放職務上依法逮捕、拘禁之人或便利其脫逃者，處一年以上七年以下有期徒刑。」 (A)李四之行為構成刑法第163 條第1 項之公務員縱放或便利脫逃罪，因為李四是公務員，便利依法逮捕之張三脫逃 (B)李四之行為構成刑法第163 條第1 項之公務員縱放或便利脫逃罪，因為李四是服務於審判機關的公務員 (C)李四之行為不構成刑法第163 條第1 項之公務員縱放或便利脫逃罪，因為李四沒有逮捕或拘禁的職權 (D)李四之行為不構成刑法第163 條第1 項之公務員縱放或便利脫逃罪，因為提供一支迴紋針，不屬於便利脫逃的行為

依憲法訴訟法規定，人民就所受不利確定終局裁判，聲請憲法法庭判決時，所得主張之違憲理由不包括下列何者？ (A)地方自治規則違反法律保留原則 (B)確定判決的法律解釋未援引學說見解 (C)中央行政命令違反授權明確性原則 (D)地方自治條例違反比例原則

依民法規定，下列何者須經登記始生法律效力？ (A)土地之繼承 (B)人事保證契約 (C)法人之成立 (D)婚約

憲法第24 條規定「凡公務員違法侵害人民之自由或權利者，除依法律受懲戒外，應負刑事及民事責任。被害人民就其所受損害，並得依法律向國家請求賠償。」依上開憲法及相關法律規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)未規定公務員須以故意過失為要件，故屬於無過失責任 (B)只要行為人具備公務員身分而違法即構成國家賠償，不以執行公務為必要 (C)國家對於公務員違法侵害人民權利，不論是作為或不作為，均應負賠償責任 (D)國家本身應負最後責任，故不得向公務員求償

下列臺灣現行法律或制度中，何者主要承襲日治臺灣法或習慣？ (A)最高限額抵押權 (B)懲罰性賠償金 (C)家庭暴力防治法 (D)證券交易法

雇主與女性受僱人約定結婚即應辭職，違背男女平等而無效，此為基本權利之何種功能？ (A)第三人效力 (B)制度性保障 (C)程序保障 (D)國家保護義務

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，下列何者非屬「自由民主憲政秩序」之要素？ (A)民主共和國原則 (B)民生福利國原則 (C)國民主權原則 (D)權力分立原則