矯正/監所管理員 98 年法學知識與英文考古題

依司法院釋字第550 號解釋，關於國家推行全民健保之義務，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)專屬中央 (B)專屬地方 (C)兼指中央與地方 (D)兼指行政院與立法院

下列何人之資格，須經考試院依法考選銓定之？ (A)國民小學老師 (B)律師 (C)考試院秘書長 (D)國立大學教授

憲法第1 條所載「民有、民治、民享」之主張，其英文原文首先係出自何人？ (A)林肯 (B)羅斯福 (C)甘迺迪 (D)杜魯門

依憲法增修條文之規定，憲法法庭應如何組成？ (A)由司法院大法官組成 (B)由司法院院長、最高法院院長、最高行政法院院長組成 (C)由司法院大法官、各級法院法官選出之法官代表組成 (D)由總統選出之學者專家、司法院大法官、各級法院法官選出之法官代表組成

憲法增修條文中明確揭示，經濟及科學技術發展，應與環境及生態保護之間處於何種關係？ (A)經濟及科學技術發展優先 (B)環境及生態保護優先 (C)兩者兼籌並顧 (D)遇有爭議時交由人民公決

下列何者與法律相同，須經立法院三讀通過？ (A)預算 (B)法規命令 (C)行政規則 (D)自治條例

罪刑法定主義下包含之「法律不溯及既往」是基於何項原則產生？ (A)法律優位原則 (B)明確性原則 (C)平等原則 (D)信賴保護原則

依大法官第585 號解釋，立法院行使調查權，要求與調查事項相關人民陳述證言時，應經何者之同意？ (A)調查委員會 (B)司法及法制委員會 (C)立法院院會 (D)立法院院長

檢肅流氓條例內「秘密證人」之規定因違反何者遭大法官宣告違憲？ (A)法律保留原則 (B)明確性原則 (C)權利救濟原則 (D)正當法律程序原則

下列何者屬於行政院職權範圍內之事項？ (A)緊急命令之發布 (B)審計權之行使 (C)公務人員考績之法制事項 (D)決算之提出

依司法院釋字第535 號解釋，警察對人實施臨檢，應符合什麼條件，始不至於對於受檢人之自由、權利造成過度之侵害？ (A)臨檢進行前應事先向該管地檢署檢察官，聲請臨檢許可後，會同管區警員執行之 (B)臨檢進行前應告以臨檢事由，並出示證件表明身分，執行時遵守比例原則，不得逾越必要程度 (C)臨檢時受檢人雖已提示身分證明文件，警察仍可不經其同意，帶至警局接受調查 (D)臨檢時受檢人不服臨檢，應向該管地方法院民事庭聲明異議

下列何者不得提起總統、副總統當選無效之訴？ (A)選舉人 (B)檢察官 (C)候選人 (D)選舉機關

依憲法增修條文第4 條之規定，各政黨當選名單中，婦女不得低於多少比例？ (A)二分之一 (B)三分之一 (C)四分之一 (D)五分之一

依憲法增修條文之規定，罷免總統、副總統之程序為何？ (A)由選舉人連署提出罷免案，交立法院複決之 (B)由選舉人連署提出罷免案，交選舉人投票決定之 (C)由立法院提出罷免案，交國民大會複決之 (D)由立法院提出罷免案，交選舉人投票決定之

公民投票法的制定是為了實現下列何種基本權利？ (A)選舉權 (B)罷免權 (C)創制及複決權 (D)請願權

我國國家賠償訴訟，依國家賠償法之規定，在原則上係採取何種程序先行主義？ (A)訴願程序 (B)調解程序 (C)申訴程序 (D)協議程序

下列那一項選舉中，採用由政黨依政黨選舉票得票比率選出之方法？ (A)直轄市議會議員 (B)立法委員 (C)縣市議會議員 (D)鄉鎮市民代表

依公民投票法第3 條之規定，全國性公民投票之主管機關為： (A)總統府 (B)行政院 (C)立法院 (D)全國性公民投票審議委員會

依司法院釋字第613 號解釋，下列有關『立法院對行政院所屬行政機關之人事決定權加以限制』之敘述，何者正確？ (A)基於權力分立原則，立法院不得加以任何限制 (B)基於國民主權原則，立法院之任何限制皆屬合憲 (C)基於責任政治原則，立法院之限制不得實質上剝奪行政院之決定權 (D)基於行政一體原則，立法院必須將行政機關置於行政院之下，至於人事決定權，立法院之任何限制皆屬合憲

所得稅法規定納稅義務人已繳納其應納稅款之情形下，仍依應納稅額固定之比例加徵滯報金，又無最高額之限制，顯已逾越下列何種原則？ (A)平等原則 (B)比例原則 (C)誠信原則 (D)法律保留原則

依司法院釋字第543 號解釋，下列有關緊急命令授權之補充規定的敘述，何者正確？ (A)因事出突然，故原則上可再授權行政機關訂立補充規定 (B)若於緊急命令中明定意旨，行政機關即可於緊急命令發布後發布補充規定 (C)補充規定應依行政命令之審查程序送立法院審查 (D)補充規定之效期依補充規定本身所定，與緊急命令之效期無關

依大法官解釋，菸害防制法規定，菸品所含之尼古丁及焦油含量，應以中文標示於菸品容器上，係限制何種憲法上之基本權利？ (A)表意自由 (B)遷徙自由 (C)訴訟權 (D)參政權

依憲法增修條文第3 條之規定，立法院對覆議案逾期未議決者，原決議之效力為何？ (A)失效 (B)繼續有效 (C)由總統決定其效力 (D)由司法院大法官認定其效力之有無

依地方制度法第82 條規定，下列地方首長因辭職、去職、死亡者之代理規定何者錯誤？ (A)直轄市長由行政院派員代理 (B)縣（市）長由內政部派員代理 (C)鄉（鎮、市）長由縣政府派員代理 (D)村（里）長由鄉（鎮、市、區）公所派員代理

A 男與B 男向戶政機關申請結婚登記而遭到否准，兩人遂提起行政爭訟，請問承審法官若認為民法的婚姻登記僅限異性戀婚姻已屬違憲，依司法院釋字第371 號解釋之意旨，其應如何處理？ (A)應宣告違憲 (B)應拒絕適用 (C)應以裁定停止訴訟程序，聲請司法院解釋 (D)應以裁定停止訴訟程序，聲請最高法院解釋

若台北市議會將針對市議員使用議會公物予以規範，應制定何種自治法規？ (A)自治條例 (B)自治規則 (C)自律規則 (D)委辦規則

依司法院釋字第530 號解釋，下列有關法官依法律獨立審判之敘述，何者正確？ (A)為免妨礙法官獨立審判，最高司法機關不得發布任何有關審理事項之規則 (B)為免妨礙法官獨立審判，最高司法機關無司法行政監督權 (C)最高司法機關所發布涉及審判上之法律見解的命令，法官必須遵守 (D)檢察官須受檢察總長或其所屬檢察長之指揮監督，與法官獨立審判尚屬有別

在我國現行地方制度中，下列那一種地方組織，其廢止，毋庸經過修憲程序，即得為之？ (A)直轄市 (B)鄉（鎮、市） (C)省 (D)縣（市）

依司法院釋字第442 號解釋，對於訴訟救濟應循之審級制度有何要求？ (A)至少應有一級一審 (B)至少應有二級二審 (C)屬立法機關之自由形成範圍 (D)一律三級三審

依我國憲法增修條文第4 條規定，中華民國領土，依其固有疆域，若欲提出領土變更案，至少須經立法委員多少比例之提議、出席及決議，始得提出？ (A)全體立法委員四分之一之提議，全體立法委員四分之三之出席，及出席委員四分之三之決議之 (B)全體立法委員三分之一之提議，全體立法委員四分之三之出席，及出席委員四分之三之決議之 (C)全體立法委員二分之一之提議，全體立法委員四分之三之出席，及出席委員四分之三之決議之 (D)全體立法委員四分之一之提議，全體立法委員三分之二之出席，及出席委員三分之二之決議之

違反行政法上義務之處罰，以行為時之法律或自治條例有明文規定者為限，此乃下列那一項原則的說明？ (A)處罰法定原則 (B)處罰便宜原則 (C)從新從輕原則 (D)誠實信用原則

行政行為採取之方法所造成之損害不得與欲達成目的之利益顯失均衡，此乃下列那一項原則？ (A)平等原則 (B)比例原則 (C)合目的性 (D)誠信原則

勞工遭遇勞災而需要醫療時，應依何等法律請求醫療給付？ (A)全民健康保險法 (B)勞工保險條例 (C)勞動基準法 (D)就業保險法

甲擅自將乙寄放之自行車以自己的名義出售給丙，並交付之，請問對甲丙之間的法律行為，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲丙間之債權行為及物權行為均無效 (B)甲丙間之債權行為有效，物權行為效力未定 (C)甲丙間之債權行為有效，物權行為無效 (D)甲丙間之債權行為及物權行為均效力未定

性別工作平等法對於受僱者育嬰之需要，如何規定？ (A)受僱者符合一定之年資，於子女滿3 歲前，得申請育嬰留職停薪 (B)受僱者育嬰留職停薪期間，不得參加原有之社會保險 (C)雇主得不具理由拒絕育嬰留職停薪之受僱者復職 (D)受僱者可以請求彈性工時，雇主如拒絕，得請求損害賠償

甲女為A 公司之女性業務員，因工作常需與客戶乙男接觸，乙男對甲女總是趁機會毛手毛腳，甲女不堪其擾，向A 公司投訴，A 公司置之不理，依據性別工作平等法，A 公司應負何責任？ (A)A 公司對甲女之損害有民事賠償責任 (B)A 公司對於乙男之性騷擾行為不負有責任 (C)A 公司對甲女之精神上損害不負責任 (D)A 公司僅有行政上之責任，沒有民事賠償責任

著作人自何時起享有著作權？ (A)開始著作時 (B)著作完成時 (C)向主管機關申請登記時 (D)登記完成時

一般公司行號之受僱勞工，其勞工保險之普通事故保險費負擔比例，下列何者錯誤？ (A)被保險人須負擔百分之二十 (B)投保單位負擔百分之七十 (C)在省，由中央政府補助百分之二十 (D)在直轄市，由直轄市政府補助百分之五

刑法第15 條第1 項規定：「對於犯罪結果之發生，法律上有防止之義務，能防止而不防止者，與因積極行為發生結果者同。」此項所謂之「對於犯罪結果之發生，法律上有防止之義務」，學說上如何稱呼？ (A)客觀注意義務 (B)主觀注意義務 (C)客觀歸責 (D)保證人地位

企業經營者未經邀約而在消費者之住居所或其他場所從事銷售，所為之買賣，謂之： (A)郵購買賣 (B)訪問買賣 (C)分期付款 (D)現物要約

連帶債務人中一人，受確定判決敗訴，而其判決非基於該債務人之個人關係者，對於其他債務人之效力如何？ (A)同樣有效 (B)不生效力 (C)效力未定 (D)視判決內容而定

「甲希望射殺乙，但因技術不佳，射穿旁邊的名貴花瓶。」針對此一情況，以下的敘述何者正確？ (A)甲之行為成立殺人未遂與過失毀損，二罪併罰 (B)甲之行為僅成立殺人未遂 (C)甲的行為構成客體錯誤 (D)甲的行為涉及選擇故意

下列何人有刑法上的限制責任能力？ (A)80 歲的甲 (B)19 歲的乙 (C)7 歲的丙 (D)13 歲的丁

下列何者非形成權？ (A)撤銷權 (B)選擇權 (C)解除權 (D)使用權

刑法第6 條規定：「本法於中華民國公務員在中華民國領域外犯左列各罪者，適用之」。此一規定主要係下列何種法理的應用？ (A)世界主義 (B)屬地主義 (C)屬人主義 (D)保護主義

下列何者非絕對權？ (A)著作權 (B)債權 (C)抵押權 (D)漁業權

一項法律對於其未施行前所發生的具體案件，原則上不可加以適用，此原則稱為： (A)法律溯及既往原則 (B)法律不溯及既往原則 (C)從新從優原則 (D)一體適用原則

行政程序法規定受益行政處分之撤銷，機關給予相對人損失補償，此乃下列那一項原則的實踐？ (A)必要性原則 (B)明確性原則 (C)信賴保護原則 (D)利益衡平原則

司法院大法官審理案件法第13 條第1 項規定：「大法官解釋案件，應參考制憲、修憲及立法資料」。此一規定在法律解釋方法上稱為： (A)類推解釋 (B)擴張解釋 (C)歷史解釋 (D)文義解釋

刑法第10 條第1 項規定：「稱以上、以下、以內者，俱連本數或本刑計算。」此一規定，在法律解釋方法上稱為： (A)文義解釋 (B)目的解釋 (C)立法解釋 (D)體系解釋

我國現行的民法是在何時公布施行？ (A)民國18 年至20 年間公布施行 (B)台灣光復之後，民國34 年公布施行 (C)政府遷台之後，民國38 年公布施行 (D)民國80 年之後，重新制定公布施行

依行政程序法第3 條第1 項之規定，下列何機關之行為不適用行政程序法之程序規定？ (A)監察院 (B)行政院 (C)國防部 (D)外交部

民國76 年解嚴之後，我國社會福利法制首先致力於下列那一項全民性保障？ (A)勞工保險 (B)勞動基準法 (C)國民年金 (D)健康保險

關於我國智慧財產權法制之發展，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)若我國被美國列為特別301 觀察名單，我國應立即修改智慧財產權相關法律 (B)我國智慧財產權相關法律常因應國際條約或世界貿易組織之協定而修改或增訂相關規定 (C)我國智慧財產權相關法律屬固有法，不必隨著國際條約而修改或增訂相關規定 (D)我國智慧財產權相關法律自民國初年制定後已確立基本原則及規範，鮮少修改

我國現行社會保險中，下列那一種風險尚未開辦相對應的保險制度？ (A)疾病 (B)老年 (C)照護 (D)失業

須由立法院提案，並交付人民複決通過始得修訂的法規為： (A)國際條約 (B)自治條例 (C)法律 (D)憲法

我國公務員尚未實施月退休制度前，政府係透過下列那一項措施，以維持退休公務員的基本生活保障？ (A)敬老津貼 (B)國民年金 (C)年終獎金 (D)優惠存款

甲未得乙之同意，即將乙所有之汽車讓與知情之丙，則： (A)丙當然取得所有權 (B)須乙承認，丙始能取得所有權 (C)因丙知情，故不論乙是否承認，丙皆無法取得所有權 (D)因丙知情，故甲丙為通謀意思表示無效，丙無法取得所有權

關於強行法與任意法，下列敘述何者為正確？ (A)只有在公法領域有強行法 (B)私法領域內沒有強行法 (C)民法規定有配偶者不得重婚，是任意法 (D)民法裡也有強行規定

總統依憲法規定，於民國97 年7 月1 日公布○○○○法，並宣示該法律自公布日起生效。請問該法律於何時對全體國民及各機關發生拘束力？ (A)97 年7 月1 日上午零時 (B)97 年7 月1 日下午五時 (C)97 年7 月3 日上午零時 (D)97 年7 月3 日下午五時第31 題至第34 題為題組When asked to name the most ferocious dinosaur, most people would immediately think of Tyrannosaurus rex,T-rex for short. The T-rex could reach a height of almost fifty feet in length and a weight of five tons. It is equippedwith eight-inch talons on its feet and a huge jaw lined with teeth as long and sharp as steak knives. 31Imagine the surprise, then, when scientists digging in eastern Utah in 1992 found a dinosaur that could wellhave been a match for T-rex fossilized in the rocky lands. 32 The Utahraptor was twenty feet long, smaller thanthe T-rex. However, it had twelve-inch hooked claws on each of its hind legs. While the T-rex had short, stubbyforelimbs, the Utahraptor had large, powerful arms equipped with ten-inch claws. With these, it could grasp itsprey. 33With such evenly matched assets, it is hard to imagine what would happen if the two dinosaurs met each other.However, a contest between the two powerful creatures never took place. 34 Even though scientists can onlyspeculate as to why that happened, it was fortunate for the other dinosaurs that such formidable predators did notexist at the same time.

The office is on the tenth floor. It will be too tiring if we climb the stairs; we’d better take the . (A)elevator (B)tram (C)ascender (D)riser

(A)With its sturdy back legs, the Utahraptor could probably outrun any other creature. (B)With such a dangerous build, the T-rex was thought to have been the most terrifying of all carnivorousdinosaurs. (C)This is because Utahraptors had been dead for fifty million years before the T-rex appeared. (D)Once a victim was caught, it would be slashed and smashed by the raptor’s claws on the hind feet.

If you want to lose weight, you should not eat between . (A)terms (B)travels (C)meals (D)limits

(A)Once a victim was caught, it would be slashed and smashed by the raptor’s claws on the hind feet. (B)With its sturdy back legs, the Utahraptor could probably outrun any other creature. (C)This is because all of the Utahraptors had been dead for fifty million years before the T-rex appeared. (D)The name of this equally terrifying and ferocious dinosaur is Utahraptor.

He is addicted to caffeine. Every morning, he will never truly wake up until he sips a cup of freshlycoffee. (A)squeezed (B)brewed (C)drained (D)cooked

(A)However, it would be premature to say for sure what it was that brought the dinosaurs to extinction. (B)With its sturdy back legs, the Utahraptor could probably outrun any other creature. (C)The name of this equally terrifying and ferocious dinosaur is Utahraptor. (D)Once a victim was caught, it would be slashed and smashed by the raptor’s claws on the hind feet.

Many vineyard owners are concerned that oversupply may cause the prices of wine to drop on themarket. (A)quota (B)retail (C)surplus (D)tariff

(A)This is because all of the Utahraptors had been dead for fifty million years before the T-rex appeared. (B)With such a dangerous build, the T-rex was thought to have been the most terrifying of all carnivorousdinosaurs. (C)However, it would be premature to say for sure what it was that brought the dinosaurs to extinction. (D)With its sturdy back legs, the Utahraptor could probably outrun any other creature.

On our way to the movie theater, we met five girls, two of wore red skirts. (A)them (B)those (C)who (D)whom

Apart from sheer size, India and China differ from neighboring “trading states” in another critical aspect: theirambition to be the regional superpower in South Asia and East Asia . (A)aggressively (B)individually (C)provincially (D)respectively

She can share with us her experience abroad. She has many countries around the world. (A)gone to (B)been visited (C)been to (D)touring

You need to the document before signing it. (A)undermine (B)fabricate (C)peruse (D)execute

the necessary qualifications, the applicant was not considered suitable for the job. (A)Lacking (B)He lacked (C)Lacked (D)Lacked of

J. K. Rowling, auther of the popular Harry Potter series, exhibits control over her stories. (A)intrusive (B)inaccessible (C)impeccable (D)intrinsic

Mr. Lin: Hello, may I speak to Mr. Wang, please?Ms. Chen: Would you like to leave a message?Mr. Lin: I’ll call him later. Thank you. (A)Hold on, please. (B)Sorry, wrong number. (C)He is not available right now. (D)I will put you through.

In my family with Chinese tradition, only Daddy and the oldest brother were allowed individual . Daughterswere all expected to be of one standard. (A)contributions (B)controversies (C)idiosyncrasies (D)consistencies

Danny: What’s the matter? You really look down.Michael:Danny: Cheer up! It’s not the end of the world. (A)I am in a fever of excitement. (B)My boss was mad at me for making a mistake. (C)I never look down upon you. (D)You must have got out of bed on the wrong side.

A hairline at the forehead is a part of the male aging process. (A)conceding (B)interceding (C)proceeding (D)receding

Gary: How was your trip to Thailand?Janet: Awful. I spent most of my time in the hotel.Gary:Janet: It was raining heavily when I was there.Gary: That was too bad. (A)Was it fun? (B)How come? (C)Why won’t you go out? (D)Which hotel?

In America, “wellness” has become a huge industry especially to the prosperous discontent of thebaby-boomers. (A)proposing (B)catering (C)deferring (D)referring

Betty: Would you like some more beef?Henry: I’m already too full.Betty: How about some fruit? (A)Yes, please. (B)No, thanks. (C)That’s great. (D)No wonder.We know that, for the most part, the bigger people’s muscles are, the stronger they are. Can it besaid, then, that the larger or heavier people’s brains are, the smarter they are? The answer is no. There areonly two animals that have larger brains than human beings: the whale and the elephant. Yet in proportionto 42 , a person’s brain is larger. An average human brain usually weighs about 1.4 kilograms (3 pounds),and the weight of the whole body is only about 40 to 50 times 43 . The whale’s body, on the otherhand, is thousands of times heavier than its brain, 44 the elephant’s body is about 500 times asheavy. We know that geniuses have existed who 45 very large brains, but there have been otherswhose brains are small. Hence, we may conclude that large or heavy brains do not seem to ensure greatintelligence.

From a distance it is a postcard image; get closer to Mt. Fuji, however, you will notice that Japan’s iconic mountainhas a garbage problem, a stark contrast to a country known for its cleanliness. (A)Mt. Fuji maintains a beautiful postcard image and reinforces the clean image of Japan despite its garbageproblem. (B)Suffering from a garbage problem, Mt. Fuji is no longer an icon of Japan, a country as beautiful as a postcardimage. (C)Although Mt. Fuji is not as beautiful and clean as it appears from a distance, it still stands for the cleanliness ofJapan. (D)Though a symbol of the country known for its cleanliness, Mt. Fuji is actually not as clean as it appears from adistance.

(A)height (B)intelligence (C)body size (D)life span

It seems a very simple thing to tell the truth, but, beyond all questions, there is nothing half so easy as lying. (A)Though it may appear simple, telling the truth is not as difficult as telling lies. (B)Though it may appear simple, telling the truth is certainly far more difficult than telling lies. (C)Though it may appear difficult, telling the truth is definitely less questionable than telling lies. (D)Though it may appear easy, telling lies is believed by honest people to be the most difficult thing.

(A)more (B)much (C)many (D)such

Try to improve or optimize one of these global financial crisis parameters and you end up paying somewhere elsealong the line. (A)Improving one or two of the global financial crisis parameters is very likely to create more crisis parameters inthe end. (B)The global financial crisis parameters are so intertwined that you can gain some here and lose some there. (C)To improve the global financial crisis parameters, you need to take care of them all at the same time instead ofone at a time. (D)You need to pay close attention to the global financial crisis parameters before you can even improve oroptimize one of them.

(A)so (B)since (C)while (D)then

It is ironic that the very institutions carrying out the research that informs the public of global climate change areoften not terribly good at acting on their own understanding. (A)The fact that research institutions, which provide us with information on global climate change, are not reallygood at applying their knowledge in actual practice is satirical. (B)Global climate change is terrible and it is ironic that much research has been done by research institutions but thepublic has found little use of the research result in their everyday life. (C)It is terrible to see that research institutions, which conduct research on and inform the public about globalclimate change, often fail to do what they preach. (D)That institutions carrying out the research which informs people about global climate change do not recyclenatural resources in the research processes is ironically expected.

(A)produce (B)possess (C)contain (D)includeWith just a few minutes left before school was to start, my six-year-old, Dustin, was pouting. “Idon’t want to go,” he said. As he entered first grade, he began to hate school. What’s going on?Every kid occasionally grumbles about school. But five to ten percent of kids dislike it so much thatthey don’t want to 46 it. “If a child seems depressed or 47 about school, fakes illness to stayhome, repeatedly winds up in the nurse’s or principal’s office, or refuses to talk about large chunks of theschool day, you should be concerned,” say school psychologists Michael Martin and CynthiaWaltman-Greenwood. 48 , you can usually solve the problem—sometimes very easily. In our case,my husband and I visited Dustin’s class and noticed that the teacher, fresh out of college, 49 only onkids who scrambled to sit right under her nose. Dustin, who generally sat near the back, was 50 . Wesimply told him to move up front. He did, and his enthusiasm returned.

As luck would have it, there was typhoon on the day of graduation. (A)Fortunately, there was typhoon on the day of graduation. (B)Unfortunately, there was typhoon on the day of graduation. (C)I had good luck on the day of graduation. (D)I had bad luck on the day of graduation.第46 題至第50 題為題組Although the epoch of the crusades ignited a genuine economic and cultural revolution in western Europe, inthe Orient these holy wars led to long centuries of decadence and obscurantism. Assaulted from all quarters, theMuslim world turned in on itself. Henceforth modernism became alien. Should cultural and religious identity beaffirmed by rejecting this modernism, which the West symbolized? Or, on the contrary, should the road ofmodernization be embarked upon with resolution, thus risking loss of identity? Neither Iran, nor Turkey, nor theArab world has ever succeeded in resolving this dilemma. Even today we can observe a lurching alternationbetween phases of forced westernization and phases of extremist, strongly xenophobic traditionalism.The Arab world—simultaneously fascinated and terrified by these Franj [Franks], whom they encountered asbarbarians, but whom subsequently managed to dominate the earth—cannot bring itself to consider the crusades amere episode in the bygone past. It is often surprising to discover the extent to which the attitude of the Arabs (andof Muslims in general) towards the West is still influenced, even today, by events that supposedly ended someseven centuries ago.

(A)tend (B)attend (C)contend (D)pretend

The crusades had a negative impact on the Muslim world, and this idea is suggested by the word _____ in thepassage. (A)genuine (B)revolution (C)holy (D)decadence

(A)anxious (B)naughty (C)idle (D)contented

What does the sentence “the Muslim world turned in on itself” suggest? (A)self-enclosure (B)submission (C)self-pity (D)inferiority

(A)Conversely (B)Unexpectedly (C)Relatively (D)Fortunately

According to the passage, the Muslim world has been caught in the dilemma between self-identity and _____. (A)obscurantism (B)westernization (C)alternation (D)traditionalism

(A)called (B)calling (C)to call (D)call

What does the word “barbarians” in the second paragraph refer to? (A)Iranians. (B)Turks. (C)Arabians. (D)Franks.

(A)rewarded (B)appreciated (C)ignored (D)interested

Which of the following words best describes the influence of the crusades on the Arab world? (A)Long-lasting. (B)Temporary. (C)Insignificant. (D)Transitional.