一般行政 96 年憲法與英文考古題

我國憲法本文前言揭示，制憲的主要目的為「鞏固國權，保障民權，奠定社會安寧， 增進人民福利」四句，試援引憲法有關規定，每句各舉一例說明其意涵。（25 分）

基本權利的保護法益，是透過基本權利作為主觀權利，以及作為客觀法的法特徵而 作用，也就是基本權利的主觀權利與客觀法功能，所交織而成各種不同的基本權利 作用方式，藉此建構憲法上實現基本權利的最大可能保護網。釋憲者應盡可能透過 基本權利的功能建構，強化基本權利的保護法益，在合憲秩序之下，促成人的最大 可能自我實現。請嘗試由基本權利的主觀權利與客觀法功能，建構基本權利的保護法 益。（30 分）

何謂「法治原則」？何謂「社會福利原則」？二者之關係為何？試析述之。（25 分）

每一個法律規範均需解釋，因法律用語或多或少有不明確之處，所以要透過解釋釐 清，而其中憲法最為抽象，也就更需要解釋。憲法的解釋並非全憑直覺，而是依據 嚴格的學術標準。相較於一般的法律解釋，請嘗試論述憲法解釋的特別方法。（20 分）

英譯中：請將下列英文段落翻譯成中文（15 分） In recent years, aboriginal groups in Taiwan are seeking to preserve their folkways and languages as well as to return to, or remain on, their traditional lands. Eco-tourism, sewing and selling tribal carvings, jewelry and music has become a viable area of economic opportunity. However, tourism-based commercial development seems not a panacea. Moreover, some national parks have been built on aboriginal lands against the wishes of the local tribes, prompting one Taroko activist to label the Taroko National Park as a form of “environmental colonialism”. Due to the close proximity of aboriginal land to the mountains, many tribes have hoped to cash in on hot spring ventures and hotels, where they offer singing and dancing to add to the ambiance. Considerable government funding has been allocated to museums and culture centers focusing on Taiwan’s aboriginal heritage. Critics often call the ventures exploitative and “superficial portrayals” of aboriginal culture. Proponents of ethno-tourism suggest that such projects can positively impact the public image and economic prospects of the indigenous community.

英譯中（10 分） A restive population is worrisome to Chinese officials. Rising prices helped to foment massive civil unrest in 1989, and peasants to this day are resentful over harsh measures the central government used to rein in inflation, such as a crackdown on bank lending that brought growth to a halt in areas outside major cities. There are two responses to trauma: to hold onto it in all its vividness and remain its captive; or without necessarily conquering it, to gradually integrate it into the day-by- day.

中譯英：請將下列中文段落翻譯成英文（15 分） 有些人就是知道如何利用平凡無奇的日常生活經驗，讓自己成為沃土，結實纍 纍，一年可採收三次。還有一些人──這種人還真不少！──則只會隨波逐流，隨 著時代與國家變化多端的潮流前進，像個軟木塞在上面漂來漂去。最後，我們可以 把人類分成兩種：一種人會化腐朽為神奇，另一種人則是會化神奇為腐朽。絕大多 數的人都是後者，前者可說是少之又少。

中譯英（10 分） 校園裡的銅像，無論是英雄、還是偉人，清一色都是男性。好不容易看到以女性 為主體的雕像，卻不脫慈母的形象。顯然校園傳達的是狹隘的意識形態，未能提 供多元文化的教育功能，也很少讓女性有認同的對象。 地圖是一個強有力的武器，它塑造了我們生存的世界。繪製地圖不僅是技術性問 題，而是一個詮釋的行為；不只傳達了事實，也反映作者的意圖，時代與文化的 境況與價值。

Essay Question（20 分） Some people say that a country is weakened when its residents do not speak the same language. Others believe that a multilingual society strengthens a country. What do you think? Give reasons and examples to support your opinion.

作文（30 分） Please write an English composition (about 500 words): Comment on the incident in which several people were injured, when the grocery bag, created by the British high-priced designer Anya Hindmarch, went on sale in Taipei, July 2007.