行政警察人員 95 年法學知識與英文考古題

憲法本文以及增修條文中，有關教育文化基本國策之敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A)國民受教育之機會，一律平等 (B)教育、科學、文化之經費，在中央不得少於其預算總額百分之二十 (C)各級政府應廣設獎學金名額，以扶助學行俱優無力升學之學生 (D)全國公私立之教育文化機關，依法律受國家之監督

對照社會主義憲法，下列何者非自由主義憲法的特徵？ (A)民主集中制 (B)權力分立制 (C)價值相對主義 (D)複數政黨政治

下列何者雖未見諸憲法明文規定，但仍屬實質之憲法原理？ (A)宗教自由之保障 (B)憲法施行之準備程序之制定 (C)憲法修正的實質界限 (D)提審制度

下列何項敘述不符合憲法有關國防之規定？ (A)軍隊應超出黨派關係以外 (B)地方可以合法擁有武裝力量 (C)國防組織應以法律定之 (D)國防目的之一在於維護世界和平

立法機關制定法律，限制人權，應考量人權利益之減損及公共利益之增加情況，此為憲法理念中之： (A)比例原則 (B)公益原則 (C)法律保留原則 (D)程序正義原則

依憲法本文規定，憲法規定事項有另定實施程序之必要者，應以何種規範定之？ (A)章程 (B)施行細則 (C)辦法 (D)法律

下列何者並非立憲主義的平等理念？ (A)現代的平等應該是實質的平等，而非形式的平等 (B)平等與自由面臨必須相互調整的狀態 (C)為落實實質平等，國家權力不應介入私人間的權利義務關係 (D)為落實平等理念，國家應保障包含生存權在內的社會權

形式意義的法律經由立法院通過後，須由下列何者公布？ (A)立法院院長 (B)總統 (C)司法院院長 (D)行政院院長

依憲法增修條文規定，行政院與立法院之關係，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)行政院有向立法院提出施政方針及施政報告之責 (B)立法院不得對行政院院長提出不信任案 (C)立法委員不得對行政院院長質詢 (D)行政院院長之任命須經立法院同意

憲法第11 條關於講學自由之規定，係對學術自由之制度性保障，依司法院大法官解釋，就大學教育而言，不包含下列何者？ (A)研究自由 (B)教學自由 (C)學習自由 (D)人事自由

我國憲法規定，限制人民之基本權利應符合之要件，不包括下列何者？ (A)為增進公共利益 (B)為防止妨礙他人之自由 (C)須以法律為之 (D)應經國民大會複決

下列何者不屬於人民訴訟權的保障範圍？ (A)上訴第三審的權利 (B)依法定程序提起訴訟 (C)接受公平審判 (D)由法定的法官審理案件

下列有關社會權有效運作的相關要件之敘述，何者正確？ (A)國家必須設立最低勞動報酬線與生活保護基線 (B)無須獨立自主生存的人生價值觀的配合亦可運作社會權 (C)社會安全保障體系允許惡意與偽裝的弱者 (D)社會權與自由權皆可達到立即性的保障效果

憲法第139 條規定，任何黨派及個人，不得以何種力量作為政爭之工具？ (A)人民力量 (B)經濟力量 (C)武裝力量 (D)文化力量

下列何者不屬於人民選舉權之要件？ (A)年滿20 歲 (B)未受褫奪公權。但戒嚴時期依懲治叛亂條例判決者，不在此限 (C)未受禁治產宣告 (D)完成國民義務教育

依據司法院大法官釋字第459 號解釋，役男對於兵役體位之判定，如認為其有違法或不當之情事時，得提起如何之救濟？ (A)提起民事損害賠償 (B)提起訴願及行政訴訟 (C)向國防部提出請願 (D)向內政部提出請願

根據公職人員選舉罷免法第35 條之規定，下列人員何者不得登記為候選人？ (A)一般學校學生 (B)軍事學校學生 (C)在職進修學生 (D)學分班學生

下列何項行為侵害憲法上之居住自由？ (A)要求人民申請執照，方能蓋房子 (B)要求人民買賣房子，須至地政機關作不動產之變更登記 (C)警察對旅館房間內之房客進行臨檢 (D)戶口普查員對轄區居民作家庭訪問

公職人員罷免案不成立者，原提議人對同一被罷免人自宣告不成立之日起，多久內不得再為罷免案之提案？ (A)一年 (B)二年 (C)三年 (D)四年

若採依5%門檻條款的規定，各政黨得票比率未達5%以上者，其得票數不列入政黨比例代表制名額之計算。此一規定涉及下列何種選舉原則？ (A)普通原則 (B)平等原則 (C)直接原則 (D)秘密原則

依憲法增修條文規定，何者可對總統提出罷免案？ (A)國民大會 (B)公民連署 (C)立法院 (D)監察院

依憲法規定及司法院大法官解釋，立法院有審議國家預算的權限，下列敘述何者不正確？ (A)立法院的預算權是以行政院所提出的預算案為審查對象 (B)只要不增加支出總額，立法院可以移動增減預算案的項目金額 (C)立法院對於行政院所提出的預算案，不得為增加支出的提議 (D)由審議國家預算的權限可知，立法院對於國家財政事務有參與決定的權限

總統於發布緊急命令後，執行機關以命令補充時，此一補充命令應送交何機關審查？ (A)立法院 (B)司法院大法官 (C)監察院 (D)國民大會

依司法院大法官釋字第357 號解釋，下列何者有法定任期的保障？ (A)監察院審計長 (B)行政院政務委員 (C)行政院副院長 (D)行政院各部會政務次長

依照憲法規定，總統應如何行使締結條約權？ (A)總統可以自行決定，無需其他機關議決 (B)只需行政院院長副署即可 (C)應咨請立法院議決通過 (D)須先提出於行政院會議後，再經立法院議決通過

下列何種人員之資格應經考選銓定之？ (A)里長候選人資格 (B)大學生資格 (C)公務人員任用資格 (D)政務委員

依憲法增修條文之規定，行政院院長之產生程序為何？ (A)總統直接任命之 (B)由總統提名，經立法院同意任命之 (C)由總統提名，經國民大會同意任命之 (D)由立法院提請總統任命之

下列何項基本權利是以集體方式表示意見的自由權利？ (A)言論自由 (B)結社自由 (C)宗教自由 (D)學術自由

下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)立法委員須超出黨派以外，依據法律獨立行使職權 (B)法官須超出黨派以外，依據法律獨立審判，不受任何干涉 (C)考試委員須超出黨派以外，依據法律獨立行使職權 (D)監察委員須超出黨派以外，依據法律獨立行使職權

依憲法第111 條規定，中央與地方權限發生爭議時，應由那一機關解決之？ (A)總統 (B)司法院 (C)立法院 (D)監察院

下列有關公務員懲處之敘述，何者正確？ (A)懲處之方法包括減俸、降級 (B)懲處法律依據之一為公務人員考績法 (C)懲處由銓敘部為之 (D)對管理措施不服時得向公務人員保障暨培訓委員會提起復審

公開發行股票之公司，若因財務困難、暫停營業或有停業之虞，而有重建更生之可能者，得向法院聲請下列何種行為？ (A)破產 (B)重整 (C)停業 (D)解散

我國的民法刑法繼受歐洲大陸的法律，而歐洲大陸各國的法律大多又繼受下列何一類型法律？ (A)普通法 (B)伊斯蘭法 (C)希臘法 (D)羅馬法

有關我國的法律體系，下列何項敘述錯誤？ (A)我國是屬於大陸法系的國家 (B)我國民法條文的部份用語，取材自日本法律中的漢字用語 (C)我國的刑事訴訟程序近年來有一部份受到英美法系的影響 (D)我國的民事訴訟主要是採取法院職權主義的方式進行

工會法、合作社法、農會法、商會法等各種社會團體規範屬於： (A)公法 (B)私法 (C)公法私法的混合 (D)地方自治法

下列那一項敘述係指「形成權」？ (A)依照當事人一方之意思表示，使某種權利發生、變更或消滅的權利 (B)依照當事人雙方之意思表示，使某種權利發生、變更或消滅的權利 (C)得以請求一般人不為一定行為之權利 (D)得以請求特定人為一定行為或不行為之權利

現行「台灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例」是以下列何者為依據制定的？ (A)動員戡亂時期臨時條款 (B)中華民國憲法增修條文 (C)總統發布之緊急命令 (D)政府宣告之戒嚴令

拘束債務人之身體於一定場所，以督促其履行債務，屬於下列何者？ (A)拘提 (B)羈押 (C)拘役 (D)管收

以下何一機關不得向立法院提出法律案？ (A)考試院 (B)行政院 (C)總統府 (D)司法院

下列何者為法國法學家狄驥的法律理論？ (A)肯定國家主權 (B)接受權利觀念 (C)提倡義務概念 (D)贊成天賦人權

奧地利著名的法學家凱爾生（Hans Kelsen）創立了下列那一種法學學說？ (A)自由法學 (B)歷史法學 (C)社會法學 (D)純粹法學

下列何種議案經立法院決議後，行政院認為窒礙難行時，可移請立法院覆議？ (A)大赦案 (B)預算案 (C)戒嚴案 (D)大陸政策案

請問以下何種權利屬於「一身專屬權」？ (A)財產權 (B)債權 (C)名譽權 (D)所有權

中國於清末民初之際的變法，下列何項敘述正確？ (A)僅學習美國法律 (B)僅學習英國法律 (C)原則上學習歐陸法系國家的法律 (D)仍堅持維持中國傳統法律，沒有變化

依據司法院大法官釋字第445 號解釋，憲法第14 條之集會自由與憲法第11 條之著作、出版自由，同屬下列何者之範疇？ (A)人性尊嚴 (B)表現自由 (C)結社自由 (D)宗教自由

行政機關因業務上之需要，得依法規將其權限之一部分，委託不相隸屬之行政機關執行之，此稱之為下列何項？ (A)權限委託 (B)權限委任 (C)職務協助 (D)權限代行

下列何項為依法令負有行為義務而不為，非行政機關或第三人所能代履行者，經告戒之後可重複科處一定金額之處罰？ (A)罰鍰 (B)罰金 (C)怠金 (D)代金

甲將房屋賣給乙後再賣給丙，但辦理移轉登記給丙。請問：本題中誰取得房屋所有權？ (A)甲 (B)乙 (C)丙 (D)乙丙共同取得

下列何者為法定物權？ (A)留置權 (B)抵押權 (C)質權 (D)地上權

下列何者非為贈與契約之性質？ (A)無償行為 (B)單獨行為 (C)契約行為 (D)債權行為

下列何一解釋是以法律條文之邏輯結構和系統，並考量整個規範的意義關聯而為之解釋？ (A)文義解釋 (B)論理解釋 (C)歷史解釋 (D)目的解釋

刑法第271 條殺人罪所指之「人」，係指下列何者？ (A)僅指自然人 (B)僅指法人 (C)包括自然人與法人 (D)自然人與法人均不包括在內

未婚的未成年人甲，未得法定代理人同意所訂立之契約，其效力如何？ (A)有效 (B)無效 (C)效力未定 (D)不成立

依據我國刑事訴訟法之規定，檢察官可以簽發下列何種令狀？ (A)押票 (B)搜索票 (C)拘票 (D)通緝書

法律之作用若在於指示人民於社會上何者應為或何者不應為，則其屬於何種規範？ (A)裁判規範 (B)行為規範 (C)倫理規範 (D)組織規範

就同一事件，先前有一特別法，其後有一普通法時，下列何者是正確的？ (A)普通法優於特別法 (B)適用後法廢止前法原則 (C)以新法優先適用為原則 (D)特別法優先適用

甲之住所在台北，因工作關係暫居台中，偶而還至台南探視祖母，試問若甲欠乙100 萬元不還，乙應向何地方法院起訴？ (A)台北 (B)台中 (C)台南 (D)高雄

下列關於中央法規標準法之敘述，何者不正確？ (A)中央法規標準法上所稱中央法規，係指中央法律及命令 (B)中央法規標準法上定有地方自治法規得適用本法之明文規定 (C)中央法規標準法上定有中央法規之制定、修正、廢止等事項之規定 (D)中央法規標準法上定有中央法令名稱之規定

我國刑法第2 條第1 項前段謂「行為後法律有變更者，適用裁判時之法律。」此一規定，屬於下列何種法律原則？ (A)從輕原則 (B)從新原則 (C)從重原則 (D)從舊原則

在立法院審查法律案時，原則上只得為文字之修正者為： (A)第一讀會 (B)第二讀會 (C)第三讀會 (D)第四讀會

Paparazzi, meaning a buzzing insect in Italian, are freelance photographers who doggedly pursue to takecandid pictures for sale to magazines and newspapers. (A)celebrities (B)communists (C)consultants (D)criminals

This river has been badly . No fish can live in it because it is so dirty. (A)terminated (B)contaminated (C)dissolved (D)drained

He railed against chaining young children desks and filling their heads with useless things. (A)at (B)about (C)to (D)on

With all the extra manpower put in the project, we can only see effects. (A)majestic (B)massive (C)marshal (D)marginal

All schools, they are public or private, should observe the strictest sanitation standards. (A)whether (B)which (C)whatever (D)however

The commanding officer expected unquestioning from his soldiers. (A)obedience (B)ornament (C)opponent (D)outcome

regard to the pollution factors, the industrial park planning committee has set up strict standards to monitorthem. (A)Against (B)With (C)For (D)To

Mary wants to literature at college, so she tries to read as many literary works as possible. (A)amount to (B)register in (C)adapt to (D)specialize in

The new retirement policy would cause the company the support of the employees who benefit from thecurrent system. (A)to lose (B)be lost (C)for losing (D)the loss

This dress is beautiful. If the woman thinner, she could wear it. (A)is (B)was (C)were (D)being

The possible interactions between these poisonous chemicals are deeply to the government officials. (A)distinctive (B)disturbing (C)notorious (D)ruthless

When your boyfriend tomorrow, please let me know. I’d like to take both of you to dinner. (A)will come (B)comes (C)come (D)coming

Until Fabre, the few experiments that had ever been conducted on animal behavior were essentially limited to birds. (A)Fabre was a pioneer who did experiments on animal behavior other than birds. (B)Before Fabre, a large number of experiments on animals had been done. (C)Fabre was an expert on animal conducts, though limited only to birds. (D)Few experiments on bird behavior were done by Fabre.

Susan managed to stay fit taking exercise in the gym five days a week. (A)with (B)for (C)at (D)by

He had a memory so that he could even remember everyone’s nickname after twenty years. (A)lofty (B)phenomenal (C)thrifty (D)knowledgeable

Anyone who Native Taiwanese culture will enjoy a visit to The Aboriginal Cultural Village. (A)is interesting to (B)is interested in (C)are interesting to (D)are interested with

There is no such thing as a great talent without great will-power. (A)Great will-power is a necessary condition for a great talent. (B)Great will-power is not a sufficient condition for a great talent. (C)Great talent and great will-power are independent from each other. (D)If there is no great talent, there will be no great will-power.

Henry: My toes feel very itchy. I don’t know what’s happening.Jenny: Let me take a look. Ah-huh, I think you have athlete’s foot.Henry: (A)What am I supposed to do with it? (B)I don’t do exercise very often. (C)Do you want to dance with me? (D)That is a great idea.

If only too much, the car accident wouldn’t have happened. (A)I had drunk (B)I had not drunk (C)had I drunk (D)had I not drunk

Pearl: Look at this! ABC airline is recruiting flight attendants.Deborah: That’s great! I know it’s your dream work.Pearl: It is. But I don’t think I’m qualified, though.Deborah: Just send you resume. (A)You asked for it! (B)Give it a try! (C)Mind your tongue. (D)I’m all for it!

She was quite at sea so she needed your help. (A)She was in a fog so she needed your help. (B)She was trapped on the boat so she needed your help. (C)She was not familiar with the sea so she needed your help. (D)She did not like to be near the sea so she needed your help.

A: Good morning, Taiyang Industries.B: Hello. May I speak to Ms. Lin?A: Sorry, she’s not in.B: Yes, please. This is Mr. Tsai from Toto. Please tell her I need to change the time of our meeting. And ask her tocall me tomorrow morning.A: Yes, Mr. Tsai. I’ll give her the message. (A)Can I take a message? (B)Who is speaking, please? (C)What do you want? (D)Would you like to come over?Winter brings shorter days, extreme cold, and seasonal blues to Alaska. Nearly 10 percent of Alaskans 42 fromthe Seasonal Affective Disorder, a type of depression stemming from decreased daylight, 43 a 1992 studypublished in the American Journal of Psychiatry. 44 some Alaskans deal with this disorder by means of bright-lighttherapy, others medicate with drugs or alcohol. And there are those who 45 the state. Hawaii is the 46 choice,followed by Las Vegas. It is also not unusual to run into other Alaskans on their winter vacations abroad.（請回答第42 題至第46 題）

The literary expressions of happiness enjoyed by Spanish women form the focus of this study, exemplifiedin the writings of the three women who were born in Mexico City. (A)are (B)as (C)and (D)whichThe art of negotiating involves finding a balance between achieving the best possible result, while at the same timeestablishing a mutually beneficial working relationship with your counterparts. Much negotiation literature, including thebest-seller book Getting to Yes, emphasizes inventing 43 for mutual gain rather than negotiating on a win-losebasis. The former tries to expand the pie by discovering new options, 44 the latter sees negotiations as fixed piewhere the more one side wins, the more the other side loses. The idea behind the “Getting to Yes” approach is that it is45 to lock yourself into a fixed position because that will prevent you from finding 46 that will be mutuallybeneficial.（請回答第43 題至第46 題）

(A)escape (B)prevent (C)release (D)suffer

(A)conflicts (B)difficulties (C)options (D)troubles

(A)according to (B)by means of (C)in terms of (D)apart from

(A)which (B)while (C)how (D)why

(A)If (B)While (C)Because (D)Since

(A)unproductive (B)productive (C)unusual (D)common

(A)favor (B)flee (C)embrace (D)enrage

(A)relationships (B)alternatives (C)negotiations (D)benefitsResearch shows that between 15 and 20 percent of babies are born with an anxious temperament, and aboutthree-quarters of these grow up be chronically shy. That’s 11 to 15 percent of all children. It’s upsetting to watch your shychild stumble socially, and you may sometimes feel compelled to step in and do something about it. But you should avoidthe temptation to nag or force the child to perform in high-pressure situations. “Threatening behavior like scolding,sarcastic comments or constant nagging won’t help,” says Swaminathan, a clinical psychologist. “It may make a childwithdraw further or, worse, turn the shyness into a serious social anxiety.” Protecting a shy child from social interactionsisn’t the answer, either. Some parents, for instance, will answer for their child in the doctor’s office, even though thedoctor is posing the question to the child. “Don’t just let him retreat－encourage whenever opportunities arise.”Swaminathan says gradual exposure to social situations can help a child deal with his fears and anxieties. Finally, to a shychild, the Internet may seem like a dream that comes true－a chance to connect socially without the risk of rejection. Butit can also delay the acquisition of true social confidence.（請回答第47 題至第50 題）

(A)top (B)better (C)most (D)greatGreat leaders in every walk of life love to learn. Learning something new keeps them motivated. Learning bringsmeaning to adversity, allowing leaders to brush themselves off and to try again with better results. Former New York CityMayor Rudolph Giuliani is no different. In fact, during the week of the 911 terrorist attacks, the biography of anothergreat leader－Winston Churchill－was lying on Giuliani’s nightstand. He was learning the traits of leaders who wentbefore him.He often asked, “How can we do things better?” Violent crime in New York City dropped nearly 70 percent onGiuliani’s watch because he asked that question and demanded answers. He studied and finally embraced a theory ofcrime reduction called “the broken windows theory.” The theory holds that relatively minor crimes, like vandalism andgraffiti, result in a deterioration of neighborhoods and increasingly serious problems. Mayor Giuliani’s idea of preventingsmaller crimes, however, was met with skepticism and an “it can’t be done” attitude. Giuliani would not accept it. As aformer prosecutor, he applied his analytical skills to conduct his research. Learning about a new theory and refusing toaccept the status quo formed the basis of his crime-fighting efforts. His learning paid off.（請回答第47 題至第50 題）

According to the passage, which way may help a shy child? (A)Nagging constantly and making sarcastic comments (B)Encouraging the child whenever opportunities arise (C)Protecting the child from social interactions (D)Forcing the child to perform

According to the passage, during the week of 911 attacks, which of the following about Giuliani is true? (A)He read Winston Churchill’s biography at night. (B)He tried to fix broken windows at night. (C)He had another great leader to visit him at night. (D)He lay in bed to have a good rest at night.

What does the word “chronically” mean in the passage? (A)Intensively (B)Acutely (C)Continually (D)Particularly

What does “status quo” in the second paragraph mean? (A)current event (B)current quota (C)present quotation (D)present situation

Which quality is NOT associated with shyness? (A)Anxiety (B)Nagging (C)Fear (D)Retreating

According to “the broken windows theory”, social problems often originate from . (A)windows that are broken (B)terrorist attacks (C)skepticism (D)minor crimes

According to the passage, which of the following statements is correct? (A)To a shy kid, the Internet not only offers a chance to connect socially without the risk of rejection, but it can alsohelp the acquisition of true confidence. (B)Most parents like to answer for their children, even though questions are posed to the children. (C)Gradual exposure to social situations can help a shy child reduce his fears and anxieties. (D)Research shows that all the babies who are born with an anxious temperament grow up to be chronically shy.

According to the passage, which of the following about Giuliani is true? (A)He loves to read the biographies of great leaders. (B)He fought only small and minor crimes such as graffiti. (C)He paid a lot of money to learn new theories. (D)His crime-fighting efforts failed to pay off.