教育行政 113 年基礎能力測驗考古題

Most people are generallyabout social media interactions because they could expressthemselves more freely. (A)indifferent (B)inclined (C)enthusiastic (D)declined

More and more countries aim to significantly _____ their carbon emission for a better living environment. (A)reduce (B)maintain (C)produce (D)increase

The last wild Tasmanian tiger is believed to have been shot in 1930 by a farmer whoit prowlingnear a hen house on his farm. (A)spared (B)spotted (C)teased (D)tossed

Amy always _____ admiringly at John whenever he talks about science. (A)hazes (B)faces (C)graces (D)gazes

Evidence as to the major underlying mechanisms of the defect remains; hence, further researchis needed. (A)erosive (B)elusive (C)eternal (D)editorial

In addition to the GDP, the prosperity of a nation should be _____ in terms of the health and happiness ofits people. (A)split (B)recalled (C)committed (D)measured

After the flood finally, all the old landmarks were once more visible. (A)suppressed (B)surrendered (C)subsided (D)substituted

The company offered a financial _____ to employees who achieved their sales targets. (A)incident (B)inclusion (C)incentive (D)invention

Studies show that leaders withare likeable. They tend to motivate and influence a group ofpeople to work together. (A)charisma (B)disposal (C)enrichment (D)guard

Everyone can get a customized mug at the end of the meeting, by _____ of the host institution. (A)curiosity (B)courtesy (C)fantasy (D)popularity

The employee’s performancewas considered very positive, so she was offered a promotion. (A)deduction (B)appraisal (C)induction (D)reprimand

The death rate from _____ has nearly been cut in half as a result of medical development. (A)venues (B)wages (C)funerals (D)strokes

Life is beautiful and worth celebrating, but one should be always ready to faceand challenges. (A)contribution (B)adversity (C)felicity (D)consolation

Students with hearing _____ mostly lip-read to some extent so teachers must face them when they speak. (A)endeavor (B)flexibility (C)impairment (D)advantage

More qualifications will guarantee more opportunities for one toan ideal job. (A)dismiss (B)observe (C)locate (D)transform

Cultural exchange programs provide a chance for young individuals to develop cross-culturalcommunication skills _____ for surviving in this global community. (A)required (B)inquired (C)inspired (D)aspired

Theof virtual reality technology allowed me to experience things in a way that I never thoughtwas possible. (A)costume (B)novelty (C)nonsense (D)commonplace

Contrary to public perception, sharks do not _____ attack human beings unless they confuse them with seals. (A)culturally (B)habitually (C)profitably (D)thankfully

Drinking lots of water helped tohis thirst after a long and tiring hike through the desert. (A)ignite (B)trigger (C)quench (D)aggravate

The street slept in darkness and everything fell silent except the _____ sound of a vehicle from the distance. (A)courageous (B)fascinated (C)occasional (D)thoughtful請依下文回答第11 題至第15 題The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) systems failed on early Wednesday morning. This accidentthat

The politician’s bombastic remarks, filled with exaggerated promises and claims, failed totheskeptical crowd of voters. (A)approve (B)eliminate (C)convince (D)negate

thousands of flights across the country appeared to have been the result of a mistake. Accordingto the internal review, an error occurred during the routine

His job responsibilitiesyours, so you will be sharing some of the work with your teammates. (A)pierce (B)overlap (C)dominate (D)undergo

. “An engineer replaced one file withanother, not realizing that the mistake was

Nothing is better than visiting the national park during spring and seeingvegetation beneath thetrees. (A)stingy (B)barren (C)lush (D)meager

made,” an official said. As the systems began showingproblems and

Scientists have usedengineering to protect various crops such as rice and tomatoes. (A)genetic (B)generous (C)gentrified (D)gentle

failed, FAA staff feverishly tried to figure out what had gone wrong. The engineer whomade the error did not realize what had happened. The FAA said normal operations were

In terms of infant nutrition, from 6 months of age, breast milk should bea variety of adequate,safe and nutrient-dense foods. (A)composed of (B)implemented by (C)complemented with (D)consumed with請依下文回答第16 題至第20 題：Drinking culture exists in almost every country around the world because alcohol consumption has become anintegral part of socializing in many cultures. However, since different countries have their own beliefs andpractices about drinking alcohol, it is better to heed to those different traditions and customs in order not to getyourself embarrassed or even in trouble while you are in a different land. Different countries, for instance, dohave their own drinking etiquette, times, places and regulations. In the UK, almost everyone knows that youwill be discriminated if you don’t buy your round before leaving a pub or bar. In the Czech Republic, it is wiseto place your beermat on top of your drinking cup to indicate that you’re finished with your drinking. Or yourempty cup will get filling up even if you don’t want to drink any more. In Germany, always keep your eyecontacts with people you’re having a toast with. If you don’t, you’ll be condemned with having seven yearsof bad luck. In Japan, however, you should avoid offending your colleagues, especially those who are yourseniors, by averting your head from them.Drinking times also vary in different cultures. People in the UK, Iceland, and the Czech Republic tend to drinkafter the midday, in the evening or even after the midnight in the case of Iceland, whereas it is customable forpeople in Spain, France, Russia, and Germany to drink during lunch. The German even drink on Sundaymornings known as Frühschoppen. It is a drinking gathering for family members after their Sunday morningchurch service. Drinking regulations also diverge in many countries. Rules about where to purchase andconsume alcohol as well as the proper drinking age do differ from nation to nation. In Germany as in somecountries, it is allowed to drink in public places while in Russia, people can only consume alcohol in bars,restaurants and their homes. In Iceland and other countries, you are unable to buy alcohol from supermarketsand other grocery stores as it is rigorously supervised. Apart from purchasing it in bars and restaurants, peoplecan only obtain it from government-run vinbudin. The so-called “dry” countries in the world are referred tothose nations that treat drinking as entirely illegal. It is worthy of note that in countries like the Kingdom ofBrunei, Saudi Arabia, and parts of the UAE and India, people can sometimes get punished for drinking alcohol.

graduallyafter ordering a nationwide pause on all domestic departures. It regretted that a computer failure had delayedand canceled flights around the country.11 (A)impacted (B)assessed (C)exposed (D)heralded12 (A)component (B)accessibility (C)maintenance (D)inflammation13 (A)have (B)being (C)been (D)had14 (A)luckily (B)initially (C)ultimately (D)figuratively15 (A)resuming (B)resorting (C)resigning (D)revealing請依下文回答第16 題至第20 題All energy sources have some impact on our environment. Fossil fuels—coal, oil, and natural gas—dosubstantially more harm than renewable energy sources by most measures, including air and water pollution,damage to public health, wildlife and habitat loss, water use, land use, and global warming emissions.However, renewable sources such as wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, and hydropower also haveenvironmental impacts, some of which are significant. The exact type and intensity of environmental impacts variesdepending on the specific technology used, the geographic location, and a number of other factors. Byunderstanding the current and potential environmental issues associated with each renewable energy source, we cantake steps to effectively avoid or minimize these impacts as they become a larger portion of our electric supply.Harnessing power from the wind is one of the cleanest and most sustainable ways to generate electricityas it produces no toxic pollution or global warming emissions. Wind is also abundant, inexhaustible, andaffordable, which makes it a viable and large-scale alternative to fossil fuels. Despite its vast potential, thereare a variety of environmental impacts associated with wind power generation that should be recognized andmitigated. They include land use issues and challenges to wildlife and habitat.Like wind power, the sun provides a tremendous resource for generating clean and sustainable electricity.The environmental impacts associated with solar power can include land use and habitat loss, water use, and theuse of hazardous materials in manufacturing, though the types of impacts vary greatly depending on the scale ofthe system and the technology used—photovoltaic (PV) solar cells or concentrating solar thermal plants (CSP).The most widely developed type of geothermal power plant (known as hydrothermal plants) are locatednear geologic “hot spots” where hot molten rock is close to the earth’s crust and produces hot water. In otherregions enhanced geothermal systems (or hot dry rock geothermal), which involve drilling into the earth’ssurface to reach deeper geothermal resources, can allow broader access to geothermal energy. Geothermalplants also differ in terms of the technology they use to convert the resource to electricity (direct steam, flash,or binary) and the type of cooling technology they use (water-cooled and air-cooled). Environmental impactsdiffer depending on the conversion and cooling technology used.Biomass power plants share some similarities with fossil fuel power plants: both involve the combustionof a feedstock to generate electricity. Sources of biomass resources for producing electricity are diverse,ranging from energy crops (like switchgrass), to agricultural waste, manure, forest products and waste, andurban waste. Biomass plants raise similar, but not identical, concerns about air emissions and water use asfossil fuel plants. However, the feedstock of biomass plants can be sustainable produced, while fossil fuels arenon-renewable.Hydroelectric power includes both massive hydroelectric dams and small run-of-the-river plants. Large-scale hydroelectric dams continue to be built in many parts of the world (including China and Brazil). Thereare environmental impacts at both types of plants. They may take away wildlife habitats and ruin the ecosystem.Hydrokinetic energy, which includes wave and tidal power, encompasses an array of energy technologies,many of which still in the experimental stages or in the early stages of deployment. While actual impacts oflarge-scale operations have not been observed, a range of potential impacts can be projected.

Which of the following is the best title of this passage? (A)Drinking Etiquette and Regulations in Europe. (B)The Beneficial and Harmful Sides of Drinking. (C)Various Practices of Drinking around the World. (D)Various Discriminations Led by Drinking.

Which of the following is the main idea of this passage? (A)Renewable energy sources and their impacts. (B)Hydroelectric energy and hydrokinetic power. (C)Biomass energy’s impact on global warming. (D)The importance of conservation of wildlife habitats.

In what column is this passage most likely to be found? (A)Politics. (B)Business. (C)Medicine. (D)Living.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned to cause wildlife and habitat loss? (A)Wind power. (B)Solar power. (C)Biomass power. (D)Hydroelectric power.

Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage? (A)Intense. (B)Frustrated. (C)Arrogant. (D)Outspoken.

According to the passage, which of the following renewable sources is likely to be influenced by the “moon”? (A)Solar power. (B)Wind power. (C)Hydroelectric power. (D)Hydrokinetic power.

According to this passage, why are some nations referred to as “dry” countries? (A)Because drinking is considered breaking the law. (B)Because there is a shortage of water and alcohol. (C)Because most of those countries have desert lands. (D)Because those countries regard alcohol as poisonous.

According to the passage, which renewable source burns materials like fossil fuels? (A)Biomass energy. (B)Geothermal energy. (C)Hydrokinetic energy. (D)Hydroelectric energy.

According to the passage, which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “condemned”? (A)Cursed. (B)Loaded. (C)Respected. (D)Regulated.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? (A)Renewable energy sources do no harm to the environment like fossil fuels. (B)Both Hydroelectric power and Hydrokinetic power are mature technology. (C)Many kinds of renewable energy sources depend on the geographic location. (D)Hydrokinetic energy requires an advanced cooling technology.

依照司法院釋字第443 號解釋所揭示之「法律保留原則」，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)給付行政措施受法律規範之密度，可以比限制人民權益之行政措施來得寬鬆。但涉及公共利益之重大事項者，仍應有法律或法律授權之命令做為依據 (B)關於剝奪人民生命、身體及人身自由之可罰要件，應由國會自行以法律加以規定 (C)關於如何對人民進行逮捕、拘禁、審問及處罰之法定機關，得交由立法院以法律規定 (D)若屬執行法律之細節性、技術性次要事項，得由行政機關發布命令為必要之規範

立法院就重大政策爭議，有由人民直接決定之必要者，得交付公民投票，由人民直接決定之。除符合我國憲政體制為代議民主原則外，亦符合下列何項原則？ (A)比例原則 (B)平等原則 (C)主權在民原則 (D)自由原則

依憲法及增修條文規定，關於教育、科學、文化經費之編列，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)在中央不得少於其預算總額百分之十五 (B)在直轄市不得少於其預算總額百分之三十五 (C)在縣（市）不得少於其預算總額百分之三十五 (D)已無經費編列比例之最低限制，但仍應優先編列

法官因執行審判職務而侵害人民權利時，國家賠償法第13 條設有特別規定。依司法院解釋意旨，下列敘述何者並非該條之合憲理由？ (A)倘有心證或見解上之差誤，訴訟制度本身已有糾正機能 (B)關於民、刑事之錯判案件，已有補償制度 (C)為維護審判獨立，難於避免之差誤，在合理範圍內，應予容忍 (D)因國家機關功能之差別，對國家賠償責任可為合理之不同規定

我國設置軍事審判程序之憲法依據，依司法院大法官解釋，主要為下列何憲法條文？ (A)憲法第9 條，「人民除現役軍人外，不受軍事審判」 (B)憲法第77 條，「司法院為國家最高司法機關，掌理民事、刑事、行政訴訟之審判及公務員之懲戒」 (C)憲法第36 條，「總統統率全國陸海空軍」 (D)憲法第16 條，「人民有請願、訴願及訴訟之權」

依司法院大法官解釋，下列何者並非憲法財產權之保障範圍？ (A)震災急難救助之給付 (B)公務人員退休，依法令之規定請領福利互助金之權利 (C)因時效完成，向地政機關請求登記為地上權人之請求權 (D)土地被徵收之所有權人之收回權

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，下列何者非屬表現自由之保障範圍？ (A)出版自由 (B)講學自由 (C)集會遊行自由 (D)行動自由

依據釋憲實務見解，下列何者非採取嚴格審查？ (A)禁止室外集會遊行主張共產主義的規定 (B)處罰顛覆政府言論的刑法規定 (C)集會遊行的禁制區規定 (D)化妝品廣告的事前審查規定

有關總統解散立法院之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)不信任案提出後5 日內，經總統諮詢立法院院長後，得解散立法院 (B)總統欲解散立法院，須先徵詢行政院院長同意並副署後，始得為之 (C)總統於戒嚴或緊急命令生效期間，不得解散立法院 (D)總統得以政策推動受阻為由，解散立法院

司法院釋字第716 號解釋認公職人員利益衝突迴避法第15 條，禁止公職人員及關係人與有關機關交易，違者處交易行為金額1 至3 倍罰鍰之規定違憲。下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)該規定違反憲法第7 條平等權 (B)該規定侵害公職人員之財產權 (C)該規定固已預留視情節輕重而予處罰之裁量範圍，惟仍可能造成顯然過苛之處罰 (D)該規定不符憲法第23 條比例原則

甲原為大陸地區人民，與臺灣地區人民結婚後經許可進入臺灣地區，且依規定正式取得臺灣地區戶籍。甲經公務人員考試及格，卻因臺灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例第21 條第1 項前段有關設有戶籍未滿10 年者不得擔任公務人員之規定，而無從擔任公務人員，甲認為系爭規定違反憲法。依司法院大法官解釋之意旨，甲之主張是否有理由？ (A)有理由，其他外籍配偶均無此種限制，明顯違反平等原則 (B)無理由，外籍人士之應考試服公職本不受我國憲法保障 (C)有理由，禁止期間定為10 年並無確切根據，有違比例原則之要求 (D)無理由，此屬立法者有鑒於國家情勢所為之特別規定，目的正當且手段適當

關於法人權利，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)法人得為言論自由之主體 (B)法人不享有思想及良心自由 (C)強制法人公開道歉，屬於對法人基本權利之合理限制 (D)法人得作為提起憲法訴訟之主體

地方立法機關議決之自治事項，若經監督機關認與法律牴觸而函告無效，於憲法訴訟法實施後，應如何提起憲法訴訟？ (A)地方自治團體就自治事項與法律有無牴觸發生疑義，聲請憲法法庭解釋 (B)地方自治團體就法律是否違憲，聲請法規範憲法審查 (C)地方自治團體於窮盡行政救濟程序後，就不利確定終局裁判，聲請宣告違憲之判決 (D)地方自治團體並無任何管道可提起憲法訴訟

行政院不得對立法院議決之下列何種議案提出覆議？ (A)法律案 (B)條約案 (C)預算案 (D)人事案

依憲法訴訟法規定，人民就所受不利確定終局裁判，聲請憲法法庭判決時，所得主張之違憲理由不包括下列何者？ (A)地方自治規則違反法律保留原則 (B)確定判決的法律解釋未援引學說見解 (C)中央行政命令違反授權明確性原則 (D)地方自治條例違反比例原則

關於對行政院院長之不信任案，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)提出不信任案，應有立法院全體立法委員3 分之1 以上連署 (B)不信任案須於立法院常會提出，不得於臨時會提出 (C)立法院對不信任案之表決應採記名投票方式 (D)不信任案應經全體立法委員2 分之1 以上贊成，始為通過

憲法第24 條規定「凡公務員違法侵害人民之自由或權利者，除依法律受懲戒外，應負刑事及民事責任。被害人民就其所受損害，並得依法律向國家請求賠償。」依上開憲法及相關法律規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)未規定公務員須以故意過失為要件，故屬於無過失責任 (B)只要行為人具備公務員身分而違法即構成國家賠償，不以執行公務為必要 (C)國家對於公務員違法侵害人民權利，不論是作為或不作為，均應負賠償責任 (D)國家本身應負最後責任，故不得向公務員求償

依憲法訴訟法之規定，下列何者不得請求憲法法庭判決？ (A)人民遭受終審法院的敗訴判決確定，認為該法院裁判違憲 (B)中央認為地方立法侵害其中央立法權限而違憲 (C)法官認為其裁判上應適用的法律違憲 (D)內政部認為某政黨違憲

雇主與女性受僱人約定結婚即應辭職，違背男女平等而無效，此為基本權利之何種功能？ (A)第三人效力 (B)制度性保障 (C)程序保障 (D)國家保護義務

依憲法本文規定，下列何者不屬於中央自行立法並執行之事項？ (A)國防與國防軍事 (B)司法制度 (C)國際貿易政策 (D)公共衛生