法制(高考/地特/升等) 112 年法學知識與英文考古題

依憲法及司法院大法官相關解釋，有關行政院與立法院之關係，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)立法委員有向行政院院長質詢之權 (B)立法院有向行政院調閱文件之權 (C)行政院有向立法院提出施政報告且備詢之義務 (D)立法委員如認為行政院院長有違法失職，得對之提出彈劾案

憲法增修條文規定違憲政黨之解散，是參考下列何一國家憲法的設計？ (A)美國 (B)英國 (C)德國 (D)法國

有關憲法解釋及法規範之位階，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)法律與憲法有無牴觸發生疑義時，由行政法院解釋之 (B)憲法之解釋，由司法院為之 (C)憲法所稱之法律，謂經立法院通過，總統公布之法律 (D)命令與憲法或法律牴觸者無效

下列何者不屬於憲法明文規定之平等？ (A)國民教育機會平等 (B)兩性實質地位平等 (C)各民族語言平等 (D)平等選舉原則

司法院釋字第499 號解釋所闡釋之憲法修改所應遵守之自由民主憲政秩序，不包括下列何者？ (A)民主國原則 (B)共和國原則 (C)人民基本權利保障 (D)中央與地方財政收支劃分原則

依憲法本文規定，國家對於邊疆地區各民族之土地使用保障及發展，下列何者並非應特別考量之要素？ (A)土地價格 (B)氣候 (C)土壤性質 (D)人民生活習慣

依據憲法增修條文及憲法訴訟法之相關規定，關於解散違憲政黨之審理程序，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)人民因憲法權利遭受特定政黨不法侵害，得向憲法法庭提出系爭政黨違憲解散之聲請 (B)違憲政黨之解散事項，應由憲法法庭審理之 (C)大法官受理政黨違憲解散之聲請後，必要時得行言詞辯論 (D)宣告政黨解散之判決，其評決應經大法官現有總額過半數之同意

依現行憲法及憲法增修條文，下列何者不得以法律定之？ (A)現行犯之逮捕 (B)使非現役軍人之平民於平時受軍事審判 (C)省、縣地方制度 (D)租稅

關於受羈押被告之權利，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)有接見律師權 (B)有受辯護權 (C)有與辯護律師自由溝通權 (D)接見律師時有不受監視權

依憲法增修條文第10 條規定，下列何者不在憲法基本國策保障範圍內？ (A)國家獎勵中醫研究發展 (B)國家鼓勵退役軍人攻讀學位 (C)國家保障新移民之工作 (D)國家提供創業貸款促進科技產業新創及升級

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，關於新聞採訪者之跟追行為，是否應受處罰之判斷，下列何項因素不在考慮之列？ (A)新聞採訪者是否為隸屬於新聞機構之新聞記者 (B)跟追方式是否已有侵擾被跟追人之身體安全、行動自由之虞 (C)跟追是否侵害被跟追人於公共場域中得合理期待不受侵擾之私人活動領域 (D)所採訪之事件是否具一定之公益性

訴訟應循之程序及相關要件，下列何機關得衡量訴訟案件之種類、性質、訴訟制度之功能及訴訟外解決紛爭之法定途徑等因素，為正當合理之規定？ (A)立法機關 (B)行政機關 (C)司法機關 (D)監察機關

關於憲法上人民選舉、罷免、創制、複決權之行使，下列何者沒有立法形成空間？ (A)選舉權人之積極資格 (B)被選舉人之消極資格 (C)各種選舉之婦女當選名額 (D)憲法中之各種選舉以無記名投票行之

司法院釋字第649 號解釋認定按摩業僅限由視障者從事之規定違憲，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)該規定違反憲法第7 條平等原則 (B)該規定侵害人民於憲法第15 條保障之工作權 (C)該規定係屬對非視障者選擇職業自由之主觀條件限制 (D)該規定不符憲法第23 條比例原則

財政部函就使用牌照稅法第7條第1項第9款關於交通工具免徵使用牌照稅規定，所稱「每一團體和機構以3輛為限」，明示應以同一法人於同一行政區域內之總分支機構合計3輛為限。其縮減人民依法律享有免徵使用牌照稅優惠，依司法院釋字第798號解釋，係違反下列何項原則？ (A)社會國原則 (B)平等原則 (C)租稅法律原則 (D)比例原則

依司法院大法官解釋之意旨，下列何者非屬憲法第13 條宗教自由之保障範圍？ (A)不信仰宗教 (B)公立學校開設宗教課程 (C)組織教會 (D)定時禮拜

依憲法法庭判決，有關公務人員因考績丁等免職之人事行政事務事件，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)憲法增修條文第6 條規定公務員之任命及免職之法制事項屬考試權之範圍 (B)憲法第77 條規定蘊含懲戒一元化之憲法原則 (C)行政權應不具有作成實質懲戒公務員性質之免職處分之權限 (D)行政懲處之免職權，應由法院獨占並作成第一次決定

依憲法法庭判決意旨，有關憲法第18條保障人民服公職權，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)年終考績丁等者免職係剝奪公務員之身分，該規定違反憲法第18條服公職權之意旨 (B)免職權之性質屬行政權，且為行政機關人事權之固有核心權限 (C)行政懲處權應不包括公務人員考績法中具有實質懲戒性質之免職處分 (D)依憲法第77條規定，必須由法院擔任公務員懲戒及懲處之第一次決定機關

下列何者非屬總統之職權？ (A)依法任免文武官員 (B)依法行使特赦權 (C)依法提出預算案 (D)統率全國陸海空軍

關於役男權利，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)役男體位之判定，對役男在憲法上之權益有重大影響 (B)役男體位之判定，應給予人民提起訴願及行政訴訟之權利 (C)役男出境限制，係對人民居住遷徙自由之重大限制 (D)役男出境限制，係屬國會保留事項

下列何種集會遊行，應向主管機關申請許可？ (A)媽祖遶境 (B)婚喪喜慶活動 (C)體育路跑活動 (D)選舉造勢

地方法院法官於審理案件時，對於應適用之法律，依其合理之確信，認為有牴觸憲法之疑義者，得如何處理？ (A)層轉最高法院表示法律見解 (B)直接宣告該法律違憲 (C)停止訴訟程序，聲請憲法法庭判決 (D)逕自拒絕適用違憲法律

為落實憲法第21 條規定，人民有受國民教育之權利與義務。依強迫入學條例規定，凡應入學而未入學者，下列何者可能因此被處罰鍰？ (A)應入學而未入學者 (B)應入學之學校 (C)應入學而未入學者之父母或監護人 (D)應入學而未入學者戶籍地之村里長

依憲法增修條文第4條規定，總統、副總統之彈劾案，由下列何者提出？ (A)司法院 (B)檢察總長 (C)立法院 (D)監察院

下列何者不是憲法本文規定之地方自治團體？ (A)省 (B)直轄市 (C)縣 (D)鄉鎮市

關於個人健康保險資料，依憲法法庭111 年憲判字第13 號判決意旨，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)應有個人資料保護之獨立監督機制 (B)就其儲存、處理、對外傳輸及利用，應符合法律保留原則 (C)去識別化後，公務機關及學術研究機構為醫療、衛生之統計或學術研究目的之必要，得利用個人健康保險資料 (D)個人健康保險資料提供公務機關或學術研究機構於原始蒐集目的外利用，因有重大公益需求，當事人尚不得請求停止利用

下列何者不得向憲法法庭聲請判決？ (A)總統 (B)臺灣新北地方法院家事法庭法官 (C)社團法人臺灣身心障礙兒童權利促進會 (D)屏東縣議會議員現有總額四分之一以上

監察院對軍人提出彈劾案時，應移送何機關進行審議？ (A)國防部 (B)軍事法院 (C)行政法院 (D)懲戒法院

有關憲法規定之總統刑事豁免權，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)享有實體之免責權 (B)總統犯刑事罪，解職後仍不受訴究 (C)任職期間，可訴究一些特定之犯罪 (D)總統無於他人刑事案件為證人之義務

關於地方行政機關人員受質詢或備詢之義務，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)就中央對地方之補助款預算案，有至立法院受質詢之義務 (B)除法律有明定外，無出席立法院委員會備詢之義務 (C)地方首長與一級單位主管，就其主管業務，有受地方議會質詢之義務 (D)地方議會於業務質詢時，相關地方政府之業務主管應列席備詢

下列何者是認為「法是一些條件的統合，在這些條件下，個人的意志與其他人的意志，可依據自由的一般法則而相互結合」的哲學家？ (A)亞里斯多德（Aristoteles） (B)霍布斯（Hobbes） (C)康德（Kant） (D)黑格爾（Hegel）

關於契約自由之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)公職人員不得與其服務之機關為買賣行為，有違契約自由之保障 (B)保險法中對於複保險行為有所限制，已有違契約自由之意旨 (C)勞動基準法之制定不得限制雇主之契約自由 (D)契約自由除受憲法第22 條保障外，亦受憲法第15 條所保障

關於「自由民主憲政秩序」，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)屬法治國家的統治秩序 (B)排除任何暴力或獨裁專制 (C)植基於自由、平等以及依據多數意志而作成之人民自我決定上 (D)政黨行為雖危害自由民主憲政秩序，仍應受結社自由之保障

臺灣法體系在戰後繼受了許多美國法的制度與概念，下列何者屬之？ (A)懲罰性損害賠償 (B)契約自由 (C)罪刑法定 (D)慰撫金

依憲法及相關法律規定，關於考試委員，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)考試委員屬中央公務人員，故就其失職，監察院得調查之 (B)考試院院長就其提出法律案及有關預算案涉及事項，應受邀請至立法院備詢 (C)考試委員任期為4 年，但並為院長、副院長之考試委員不受任期保障 (D)考試院設院長、副院長各1 人，考試委員7 至9 人

在公職人員選舉開票結束後，選務人員將票匭封緘。甲認選舉不公，撕去了票匭上的封條，被撕下的封條仍完好如初。甲的行為是否成立犯罪？ (A)甲構成刑法第139條的除去封印罪 (B)甲構成刑法第135條的妨害公務罪 (C)甲構成刑法第140條的侮辱公務員罪 (D)甲不構成犯罪

關於法規的訂定及名稱，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)「法律」由立法院通過，得名之為「律」 (B)「法規命令」由行政機關基於法律授權而訂定，得名之為「通則」 (C)「地方自治法規」由地方立法機關通過、各該地方行政機關公布者，係「自治條例」 (D)地方立法機關得訂定「自律規則」，並報各該上級政府備查

下列何者並非行政院院長之職權？ (A)代行總統職權 (B)主持行政院院會 (C)對總統發動院際爭執調解權之副署 (D)呈請總統解散立法院

甲為A股份有限公司之經理人，下列有關甲之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)甲在執行A公司業務之範圍內，亦為公司負責人 (B)A公司得於公司章程規定，甲之報酬應由董事會以董事3分之2以上出席，及出席董事過半數同意之決議行之 (C)若甲受破產之宣告，其經理職務應解任之 (D)甲之職權，應以章程規定，不得依契約訂定之

關於法律解釋方法，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)論理解釋有時亦稱體系解釋 (B)論理解釋乃從法律條文之邏輯結構和體系，考量整體法規範之意義而做之解釋 (C)法條規定之文意若過寬，此時應採取擴充解釋之方法，使其意義出現 (D)由法條字面之意思，推論其反對結果，從而探求法文真意的解釋方法，稱為反面解釋

下列何者並非司法院大法官之法定職權？ (A)解釋憲法 (B)統一解釋法律及命令 (C)審理總統、副總統之彈劾及政黨違憲之解散事項 (D)組成大法庭統一裁判法律見解之歧異

勞工甲下班回家之後，於晚上11點30分接獲雇主透過通訊軟體發訊，告知有一個緊急文件客戶明天早上9點就要，希望甲可以幫忙加班處理。雖然已經很晚了，但是雇主既然有此需求，甲因此破例熬夜把文件整理完成並且透過通訊軟體回傳給雇主，一共花了3個小時。隔天早上到辦公室之後，甲提出通訊軟體之訊息向雇主請求加班費，但雇主予以拒絕。下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲不能申請加班費，因為其如果不同意，可以當下拒絕，而既然同意下班後還幫忙，就不算是工作，而是額外的人情，不能申請加班費 (B)甲不能申請加班費，因為加班費要事前申請並且經過雇主同意才有。甲未向雇主申請，因此只能當作私下幫忙，不算是工作 (C)甲能夠申請加班費，只要甲能透過訊息證明自己確實有受到雇主要求工作，以及工作之時數，應給付加班費 (D)甲能夠申請加班費，因為加班無需經過雇主同意，只要是下班時間做的事情，都應該能夠申請加班費

關於刑法之職務上行為受賄罪，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)賄賂與職務上行為之間必須有對價性 (B)本罪客體之賄賂，係指金錢或其他得以金錢計算之財物 (C)職務上行為除作為外，亦包括不作為 (D)公務員接受好友年節贈禮，即成立職務上行為受賄罪

依現行憲法、法律規定與實務見解，下列法規範之位階何者最低？ (A)基於法律授權之中央法規命令 (B)人權公約施行法 (C)中華民國憲法增修條文 (D)地方自治條例

聯合國消除對婦女一切形式歧視公約並未提及下列何種權利或保障？ (A)保障婦女享有資訊隱私的權利 (B)保障婦女平等受教育的權利 (C)提供婦女有關懷孕、分娩和產後期間的適當服務 (D)消除婦女在經濟生活上的歧視

下列何者不屬於公司法第8 條規定之有限公司的公司負責人？ (A)董事 (B)經理人 (C)發起人 (D)清算人

下列關於法律分類之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)成文法與不成文法的區別，主要在於是否由國家的立法機關經正式立法程序制訂及公布 (B)實體法係規定法律權利義務關係之法律；程序法則係規定如何實現權利義務之程序的法律，兩者不會同時出現在一部法律之中 (C)在歐陸法制體系中，向有公法與私法的區分，晚近則出現公私法無須加以區分的一元論，以及公私法混合的三元論等學說 (D)我國現行法制上，公法與私法仍有區分實益

下列何者非屬公法上事實行為？ (A)行政機關由其所屬之承辦人員向相對人送達罰鍰處分書 (B)否准政府資訊公開之申請 (C)溢繳稅款匯入義務人帳戶 (D)警察對於犯罪嫌疑人扣上手銬

關於勞動基準法第9 條之1 離職後競業禁止之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)雇主有應受保護之正當營業利益，始可為競業禁止約定 (B)競業禁止之期間、區域、職業活動之範圍及就業對象，須未逾合理範疇 (C)雇主對勞工因不從事競業行為所受損失須給合理補償 (D)前述合理補償，可包括勞工於工作期間所受領之給付

如法規範直接規定特定情形下會發生之法律效果，且不允許當事人舉證推翻，其用語通常為： (A)推定 (B)視為 (C)但書 (D)類推

甲向公務員乙表示，願以新臺幣10萬元之代價，換取乙將其主辦之工程招標底價洩漏給甲，乙答應後反悔未洩漏底標，將10萬元原封不動退回。依我國刑法之規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)乙應論以違背職務行為收受賄賂罪 (B)乙應論以公務員洩漏國防以外秘密罪之共同正犯 (C)甲應論以不違背職務行為行求賄賂罪 (D)甲應論以公務員洩漏國防以外秘密罪之教唆犯

鄉（鎮、市）民代表及鄉（鎮、市）長選舉，由下列何者辦理之？ (A)鄉（鎮、市）選舉委員會 (B)縣選舉委員會 (C)省選舉委員會 (D)中央選舉委員會

下列何者非屬人民得聲請憲法法庭審查之標的？ (A)總統、副總統之罷免案 (B)法規命令 (C)自治條例 (D)確定終局裁判

有關公職人員之選舉，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)經登記為候選人者，得撤回其候選人登記 (B)全國不分區立法委員選舉候選人之保證金，由登記之政黨繳納 (C)政黨推薦參加公職人員選舉之候選人，無須為該政黨黨員 (D)廣播電視事業應無償提供時段供登記之候選人從事競選宣傳

依民法之規定，下列何種請求權，不會因為2 年間不行使而消滅？ (A)承租人之償還費用請求權 (B)承租人之工作物取回權 (C)買受人之交付標的物請求權 (D)承攬人之報酬請求權

關於總統、副總統彈劾案件，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)經立法委員現有總額4 分之1 以上連署，得就總統、副總統彈劾案聲請憲法法庭為宣告彈劾成立之判決 (B)總統、副總統彈劾案件不因被彈劾人卸任、立法院之解散或該屆立法委員任期屆滿而受影響 (C)被彈劾人於判決宣示前，若去職或死亡者，憲法法庭應裁定不受理 (D)於判決宣示前，立法院得經全體立法委員3 分之2 以上決議，以書面撤回之

依憲法訴訟法規定，關於法院聲請法規範憲法審查，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)應以獨任法官或合議庭名義提出聲請 (B)聲請標的限於裁判所應適用之法律位階法規範 (C)聲請書應敘明客觀上形成確信法規範違憲之法律見解 (D)原因案得以聲請憲法審查為由，裁定停止程序，如有急迫情形，並得為必要之處分

關於性別平等工作法所規範「生理假」，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)女性受僱者每個月皆可請生理假1 日 (B)生理假併入病假計算的部分，薪資可全額領取 (C)為避免女性受僱者濫用生理假，女性受僱者請生理假原則上應提出證明文件 (D)女性受僱者只有因生理日導致工作有困難時，才可以請生理假

下列何者並非司法院大法官解釋判斷是否違反憲法上平等原則之因素？ (A)立法機關有無考量規範事物性質之差異 (B)差別待遇之手段與目的間是否具備一定關連 (C)立法機關是否具有惡意歧視之動機 (D)所採用分類是否涉及可疑分類

於違章建築之買賣，出賣人交付該違章建築，買受人占有之，買受人取得該違章建築之何種權利？ (A)地上權 (B)法律上處分權 (C)事實上處分權 (D)占有權

The report has to be redone because it is totallyof organization and content. (A)deployed (B)devoid (C)exclusive (D)excessive

下列何者並非行政程序法中所規範之行政程序？ (A)實施行政指導之程序 (B)締結行政契約之程序 (C)公文簽擬之程序 (D)處理陳情之程序

The goverment plans toa new tax on luxury goods in order to generate additional revenue for social welfareprograms. (A)impose (B)impair (C)imprison (D)immerse

Because John did not get enough exposure to sunlight, his test results showed that he was at the risk of vitaminD. (A)deficiency (B)superfluity (C)degeneration (D)sufficiency

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，關於法律保留原則，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)有關法官迴避制度之重要內涵得由法律授權之命令規定 (B)各種時效制度，亦得委由行政命令補充 (C)法律授權發布的命令與母法有同一效力，不生牴觸母法的問題 (D)執行法律之技術性、細節性次要事項及對人民影響輕微者，得由主管機關發布命令為必要規範

Everyone was impressed with their dignity andwhile they were in vigil for their late mother. (A)hypothesis (B)wilderness (C)composure (D)registration

The manager is unlikely tothis proposal, for it involves huge investment without promising outcome. (A)introspect (B)discredit (C)contravene (D)endorse

依民法之規定，下列有關承攬契約之敘述，何者正確？ (A)約定由承攬人供給材料者，其材料之價額，視為報酬之一部 (B)如依情形，非受報酬即不為完成其工作者，推定允與報酬 (C)以特約免除或限制承攬人關於工作之瑕疵擔保義務者，如承攬人故意不告知其瑕疵，其特約為無效 (D)定作人所供給之材料，雖因不可抗力而毀損、滅失者，承攬人仍負其責

Inadequacy of security measures is hard to be tackled, because community policing is expensive and, in an era ofbudget cuts, increasingly. (A)lush (B)rare (C)afar (D)fond

He didn’t feel anyfor his school days, which were nothing but exams and unreasonable expectations fromparents and teachers. (A)commencement (B)nostalgia (C)sympathy (D)reconciliation

稱合夥者，謂二人以上互約出資以經營共同事業之契約。依民法規定，關於合夥，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)合夥人得在未徵得其他合夥人之同意下，將自己之股分轉讓於第三人 (B)各合夥人之出資及其他合夥財產，為合夥人全體之公同共有 (C)合夥人受有報酬而執行合夥之事務者，應以善良管理人之注意為之 (D)合夥財產不足清償合夥之債務時，各合夥人對於不足之額，連帶負其責任

To protect the environment, the company has made progress in reducing its carbon. (A)emissions (B)omissions (C)permissions (D)missions

He lives in the immediateof the school, not only shortening the time on commuting but also sparing moretime for sleep. (A)veracity (B)velocity (C)vicinity (D)verbosity

甲於去年12 月經法院為輔助宣告，輔助人為其兄乙。下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)甲經乙的同意後，得向丙買A 自用車 (B)丙贈與L 地並移轉L 之所有權給甲，皆不須經乙的同意 (C)甲不須經乙的同意即可單獨有效承租丁的H 屋 (D)甲不須經乙的同意，即可與戊結婚

The willingness of readers toon the content of the stories rather than to accumulate knowledge of conceptsor terms will make the reading easier and more pleasant. (A)reflate (B)reflect (C)refine (D)refresh

Sarah has been a hard-working employee in the company, butspeaking, she needs more professional expertisebefore she can be promoted. (A)frequently (B)previously (C)technically (D)uniquely

看護人員出於殺人故意，以不餵食方法使所照顧的病人活活餓死，成立殺人罪。此種犯罪型態，學理上稱之為： (A)純正作為犯 (B)不純正作為犯 (C)純正不作為犯 (D)不純正不作為犯

The charity was established to offer essential assitance tochildren who lack access to basic education andhealthcare. (A)overpassing (B)underdeveloped (C)underprivileged (D)overwhelming

Lina is the leader of this group project; she needs toand help improve her group members’ workperformance. (A)boycott (B)duplicate (C)retrieve (D)supervise

下列關於量刑之敘述，何者正確？ (A)依刑法第59 條以下規定，犯罪之情狀顯可憫恕者，最多可減至最輕本刑 (B)科罰金時，如所得之利益超過罰金最多額，尚得在行為人所得利益範圍酌量加重 (C)依刑法第57 條，科刑時應審酌個別行為人之一切情狀，必要時並得忽略其責任範圍 (D)科刑時，已依法律加重或減輕者，即不再適用刑法第59 條酌量減輕規定

The industry is beingby high interest rates and inflation; investors and economists are seriously worriedabout the current situation. (A)dispensed (B)prevailed (C)glittered (D)crippled

We are oftenof the amount of salt we consume. Hence, we should check nutrition labels to see how muchsodium is in a product before purchasing it. (A)independent (B)fond (C)deprived (D)unaware

消費者保護法中關於消費者保護行政之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)消費者保護法中所稱之中央主管機關為行政院消費者保護處 (B)中央主管機關得隨時派員查核企業經營者所使用之定型化契約 (C)直轄市或縣（市）政府於調查時，對於可為證據之物，不得直接扣押該物，應聲請檢察官循刑事訴訟法之規定為之 (D)直轄市或縣（市）政府對於企業經營者提供之商品或服務，經依法調查，認為確有損害消費者生命、身體、健康或財產，或確有損害之虞者，應命其限期改善、回收或銷燬

The founder’s donation left a lasting, funding scholarships for generations of deserving students to come. (A)legacy (B)estimate (C)innovation (D)modernity

According to the report, the government is to increase spending next year in a bid to stimulate domestic demandand GDP growth as exports might continue to fall due to aglobal economy. (A)booming (B)sluggish (C)buoyant (D)thriving

下列何者不在有關勞動基準法第2 條第2 款對於「雇主」之定義範圍？ (A)代表事業主處理有關勞工事務之人 (B)僱用勞工之事業主 (C)事業經營之負責人 (D)對於勞工有實質影響力者

As the captain of the ship, he appointed the first mate as histo take over in case of emergencies. (A)deputy (B)poacher (C)hypocrite (D)contestant

As commodity prices have grownrecently, low-income families are struggling to put food on the table. (A)exponentially (B)numerously (C)ostensibly (D)vengefully

甲受僱於員工約25 人之設計公司，並已任職3 年。婚後多年，甲終於在今年順利懷孕並生下一女，這個月剛滿月。依據性別平等工作法之規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲若於女兒滿月時即申請育嬰留職停薪，得申請至其女兒滿3 歲為止 (B)甲平日若有哺（集）乳之需求，雇主應每日另給哺（集）乳時間60 分鐘。然哺（集）乳時間，不得視為工作時間 (C)甲可請求每天減少工作時間1 小時 (D)甲於育嬰留職停薪期滿後，申請復職時，雇主若因業務性質變更，有減少受僱者之必要，且又無適當工作可提供給甲時，得經主管機關同意，拒絕之

Despite the chaos and commotion around him, the wise old man remained _____ and continued to meditate inpeace. (A)intrusive (B)devastated (C)horrified (D)tranquil

The high-tech company planned to _______ new program engineers who specialized in troubleshooting computersystems. (A)recur (B)recollect (C)refund (D)recruit

Whether to place a child for _____ is a difficult decision, so the law allows the parents a certain period of time tochange their minds. (A)adaptation (B)adoption (C)auction (D)audition

With the plague severity decreasing over time, there is little or no _____ for people to get vaccinated now. (A)deterrent (B)turn-off (C)resentment (D)incentive

The team had a great season and made it to the playoffs;, they were ultimately defeated in the final game. (A)hence (B)likewise (C)accordingly (D)nevertheless

The murderer who brutally killed five people was _____ to death last week. (A)admitted (B)confirmed (C)sentenced (D)terminated

My art teacher always says that using the non-dominant hand could lift the spirits, free the imagination, and, mostimportantly, _____ creativity. (A)lease (B)unleash (C)unload (D)lessen

If you park next to the "No Parking" sign, you will get a ticket for a traffic. (A)ventilation (B)version (C)victimization (D)violation

Sharon told me that she could hardly _____ on the meager salary she earned at her full-time job. (A)stay (B)lift (C)respond (D)survive

Plastic bags are not _____, that is, decades after they are buried in a landfill, they become nothing but still plasticbags. (A)combustible (B)reusable (C)biodegradable (D)transferable

Hisand outgoing personality had a positive effect on his ability to collaborate with his co-workers. (A)extraverted (B)inflexible (C)obstinate (D)refractory

The mayor was forced to _____ after being accused of allegedly sexually harassing several women. (A)reckon (B)reform (C)resign (D)retreat

Two companies have agreed to close a division of their business as a(n) _____ move to avoid public criticism. (A)synthetic (B)illiterate (C)invasive (D)tactical

The lawyer’sargument, with its logical reasoning and supporting evidence, convinced the jury of hisclient’s innocence. (A)feeble (B)ineffective (C)persuasive (D)unconvincing

The manager was found to _____ his coworkers into conducting illegal actions in the investigation. (A)coerce (B)stride (C)invade (D)devour

The European Commission _____ TikTok from most of its employees’ phones, citing security concerns. (A)banned (B)comprehended (C)recommended (D)stunned

The new smartphonea high-resolution camera that can capture great photographs even in low-lightconditions. (A)overthrows (B)abandons (C)dismantles (D)features

Most contemporary pleas for animal welfare _____ the termination of cruelty to animals. (A)abdicate (B)annul (C)advocate (D)adjourn

The project deadline happens to _____ with my vacation plans, so I need to ensure that all work will be completedbefore I leave. (A)cooperate (B)coincide (C)compete (D)confer

Nowadays, it is essential for salespeople to learn some problem-solvingto cope with difficult situationsthey will encounter in the workplace. (A)facilities (B)strategies (C)reservations (D)transformations

The public punishment of the multinational e-commerce company is also an _____ or hidden warning for anyoneelse thinking of making a similar marketing move. (A)implicit (B)impartial (C)accessible (D)amiable

The poachers killed the elephants so they could make a fortune by _____ the ivories overseas. (A)struggling (B)smuggling (C)strangling (D)smearing

The young artist was determined tohis skills as a musician, practicing diligently every day. (A)lace (B)race (C)hone (D)zone

Because of common _____, closely related species may share some characteristics of collective behavior. (A)invasion (B)ancestry (C)obligation (D)empathy

Dana visits her parents in New York at regular _____, usually every three months. (A)intervals (B)spirals (C)terminals (D)utensils

The newly-married couple found it hard to save money because they had to spend a largeof their budgeton food and rent. (A)proportion (B)proposal (C)promotion (D)progression

Research indicates that chronic fatigue is one of the _____ features that can cause depression. (A)brisk (B)marshy (C)salient (D)judicial

The red carpet was filled with excited fans and flashing cameras as the _____ couple made their grand entrance tothe movie premiere. (A)acquaitence (B)celebrity (C)informant (D)delinquent

Theprobe caused the data to be corrupted, affecting the accuracy of the experiment’s results. (A)efficient (B)malfunctioning (C)affluent (D)outstanding請依下文回答第41 至第45 題：Wolf pack leadership has long been of great interest to many scientists. What makes a wolf decide to

Health providers in low and middle income countries often work in resource-constrained environments thateffectively _____ their ability to implement the national guidelines. (A)undergird (B)underlie (C)undermine (D)underwrite

The artist’s tireless dedication to his craft resulted in a(n) _____ of work that was both beautiful and thought-provoking. (A)blunder (B)debris (C)eclipse (D)opusTaking an exercise every day has become a routine for most people nowadays. People who engage themselvesconstantly to sporting and fitness exercises do it for the purpose of staying sound and

out onits own and assert leadership of its pack? That question has long

If you are laid off, you may apply for unemployment _____ to help you meet expenses while you seek newemployment. (A)compensation (B)enhancement (C)improvement (D)qualification

. Because forming anexercise habit is essential for maintaining our good health, the kind of exercise we take and the likely effects each has onus cannot be

scientists. Now, a new study shows that graywolves infected with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii are more likely to become top dogs than uninfected wolves. Thefinding forces us to think more broadly about what influences how animals act, says Kira Cassidy, a

During harsh winters, local people often suffer from _____, getting stuck in the severe snow storm for hours. (A)droughts (B)blizzards (C)torrents (D)thunders

. Therefore, before involving yourself in any fitness activity, it is always wise to be awareof the

biologist.Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled parasite that infects at least one-third of the world’s human population at any giventime with the disease toxoplasmosis.

If the union is to launch an _____ strike, it is using a lot of time to force the company to concede, but it would alsomean that the issues are difficult to resolve. (A)indefinite (B)indeterminate (C)instantaneous (D)instrumental

between high-impact and low-impact exercises and choose the ones that fit you. The term, impact,denotes the force that might

the infection is usually mild, it can be fatal to the young or immune-suppressed. It’s famous for its ability to

The profitability ratios are declining and the debt ratio is rising; _____, the financial condition of the firm is introuble. (A)in a row (B)in a nutshell (C)in contrast (D)in case

on your bones and joints when you participate in a physical activity. As a result,knowing whether your exercise is low- or high-impact is key to minimizing the possible

its hosts, most notably in making rodents reckless around housecats. Toxoplasma can only reproduce in the intestines of domestic or wild cats, yet it is widespread in nature, and caninfect any warm-blooded animal.41 (A)strike (B)churn (C)phase (D)blurt42 (A)laminated (B)intrigued (C)paralleled (D)traversed43 (A)marine (B)nutritional (C)wildlife (D)forensic44 (A)While (B)What (C)Which (D)How45 (A)transplant (B)manipulate (C)demobilize (D)impoverish請依下文回答第46 至第50 題：Soon after ChatGPT debuted in 2022, researchers tested what the artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot would write afterit was asked questions peppered with conspiracy theories and false narratives. The results — in writings formatted asnews articles, essays and television scripts — were so troubling that the researchers minced no words in their criticismof the new technology. Researchers predict that generative technology like ChatGPT could make disinformation cheaperand easier to produce for an even larger number of conspiracy theorists and spreaders of disinformation. Personalized,real-time chatbots could share conspiracy theories in increasingly credible and persuasive ways, researchers say,smoothing out human errors like poor syntax and mistranslations and advancing beyond easily discoverable copy-pastejobs. And they say that no available mitigation tactics can effectively combat it.Predecessors to ChatGPT, which was created by the company OpenAI, have been used for years to pepper onlineforums and social media platforms with comments and spam. Microsoft had to halt activity from its Tay chatbot within24 hours of introducing it on Twitter in 2016 after trolls taught it to spew racist and xenophobic language. ChatGPT isfar more powerful and sophisticated. Supplied with questions loaded with disinformation, it can produce convincing,clean variations on the content within seconds, without disclosing its sources. Recently, Microsoft and OpenAI introduceda new Bing search engine and web browser that can use chatbot technology to plan vacations, translate texts or conductresearch.OpenAI researchers have long been nervous about chatbots falling into villainous hands. In a 2019 paper, they voicedtheir concern about their chatbot’s capabilities to lower costs of disinformation campaigns and aid in the malicious pursuitof monetary gains, particular political agendas, and/or desires to create chaos or confusion. OpenAI uses machines andhumans to monitor content that is fed into and produced by ChatGPT. The company relies on both its human AI trainersand feedback from users to identify and filter out toxic training data while teaching ChatGPT to produce better-informedresponses. OpenAI’s policies prohibit use of its technology to promote dishonesty, deceive or manipulate users or attemptto influence politics; the company offers a free moderation tool to handle content that promotes hate, self-harm, violenceor sex.

The mission of the World Wildlife Fund is to conserve and reduce the most pressing threats to the _____ of life onEarth. (A)symptom (B)diversity (C)alignment (D)allowance

. In addition, this alsohelps maximize the achieving goals of exercise.41 (A)feeble (B)edible (C)sturdy (D)tardy42 (A)attributed (B)contributed (C)emphasized (D)overlooked43 (A)differences (B)similarities (C)obligations (D)responsibilities44 (A)harm (B)weigh (C)weaken (D)heighten45 (A)visibility (B)feasibility (C)benefits (D)injuries請依下文回答第46題至第50題：Is there any immortal creature in the world? Despite only being only three millimeters in diameter on average, adultversions of immortal jellyfish (Turritopsis dohrnii) have a huge party trick: they can roll back their biological clock wheninjured or on the verge of starvation. This means, in theory, they could live forever. Could humans harness their abilitiesto eradicate ageing completely?As scientists have known, the reason of human ageing is a process called trans-differentiation. “This is about how afully formed specialized adult cell can become another type of specialized adult cell. It’s how a cell can adapt,” explainsDr. Maria Pia Miglietta. The exact mechanism behind trans-differentiation is still a mystery to scientists. However, asMiglietta explains, the answer will likely be found in the jellyfish’s genes. “It most certainly has something to do withthe DNA,” she says. “It’s the DNA that programs a cell––certain genes being ‘turned on’ or ‘off’ will determine whatsort of cell it is. We’re far away from any kind of real-world application,” says Miglietta. “But we hope that studyingwhat happens in these jellyfish can tell us how their genes change cells––and how these changed cells integrate withothers. This is the base of understanding cellular regeneration and tissue regeneration.”However, there are many challenges. These jellyfish have only been studied sporadically since the early 1980s,meaning experts have only a few decades’ worth of data. While an immortal jellyfish can age in reverse, it can also beeasily killed by predators including various fish, sharks, turtles and even other jellyfish. “They’re incredibly sensitive,from the water temperature to their plankton and fish egg diet,” says Miglietta. “The real paradox is they’re actuallyreally hard to keep alive!”

What is the main idea of this passage? (A)ChatGPT should not be used by conspiracy theorists and fake news spreaders. (B)ChatGPT developers believe their chatbot can help users discern misinformation. (C)Newly developed chatbots like ChatGPT can produce well-formatted news articles. (D)Misinformation is a serious problem with ChatGPT, which is hard to solve.

Depression in nursing homes can be due to a variety of stressors, e.g., loss of independence and privacy, as well astheir struggles watching the health of others _____ around them. (A)deteriorate (B)dedicate (C)determine (D)deliberate

What is the main idea of the passage? (A)An endangered species that needs more conservation. (B)A species that may help on research against ageing. (C)The concept of human ageing and its solution. (D)Biological background of jellyfishes reproduction.

Which of the following statements is true about the Tay chatbot? (A)It was removed from shelves on the first day in the market. (B)It was an advanced chatbot developed by OpenAI. (C)Microsoft debuted it in 2016 to compete with ChatGPT. (D)It was a failure because it was slow in learning new content.

Modern dancers often perform _____ movements and gestures, which symbolize or suggest deeper meanings. (A)allusive (B)expansive (C)concrete (D)prudent

Which of the following tones best describes the passage? (A)Cynical. (B)Scientific. (C)Indifferent. (D)Entertaining.

According to the passage, what could be the best use of ChatGPT? (A)Screening out sensitive content that promotes hate, self-harm, violence or sex. (B)Designing travel itineraries, designing studies, or writing TV scripts instantly. (C)Recognizing malicious software and political materials when processing input data. (D)Lowering costs of disinformation campaigns for politicians.

In contrast to abstract numbers, people tend to gravitate toward vivid information like examples or _____ andemphasize information that is easy to recall. (A)abbreviations (B)advocates (C)aesthetics (D)anecdotes

According to the passage, which of the following factors is NOT the challenge to the research about the jellyfishTurritopsis dohrnii? (A)The data collected is not enough, and the research is not continuous. (B)Turritopsis dohrnii are under threat of too many predators. (C)Turritopsis dohrnii are very delicate and often don’t live long enough. (D)Turritopsis dohrnii is too large to find the tissues about regeneration.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT done by ChatGPT designers in order to reducedisinformation? (A)Warning users that ChatGPT may sometimes respond with biased answers. (B)Using humans and algorithms to check improper content generated by ChatGPT. (C)Avoiding grammatical errors and wrong translations in the produced texts. (D)Hiring human AI trainers to remove bad training materials from the database.

The lawyers expressed serious doubts about the _____ of imposing military regulations on civilians. (A)sanctimony (B)sacrilege (C)legitimacy (D)liberation

According to the passage, which of the following is the main factor how Turritopsis dohrnii might help to solve theproblem of ageing? (A)People consume Turritopsis dohrnii to help fight diseases. (B)Its gene may turn on or off the mechanism of cell trans-differentiation. (C)Turritopsis dohrnii can adapt themselves to different environments. (D)Turritopsis dohrnii’s cells can easily integrate with human’s cells.

Which of the following best describes the purpose of this passage? (A)To promote the use of ChatGPT as a new search engine. (B)To explain how ChatGPT was developed by misinformation researchers. (C)To raise alarms about newly developed AI chatbots like ChatGPT. (D)To reduce readers’ worries about intelligent AI chatbots like ChatGPT.

With the many cultural and social changes happening in our country, music teachers have expressed the need andwant to create more diverse representation in their music _____. (A)addiction (B)repertoire (C)harmony (D)auction

According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? (A)The research on the Turritopsis dohrnii against human ageing has been broadly applied. (B)In principle, Turritopsis dohrnii can live forever; however, most of them are short-lived. (C)Jellyfish has a fixed biological clock which helps activate regeneration. (D)Turritopsis dohrnii never die so that they overpopulate in the ocean.