法制(高考/地特/升等) 114 年法學知識與英文考古題

有關憲法增修條文位階，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)憲法增修條文與憲法本文之位階相同 (B)依據後法優於前法原則，憲法增修條文之位階高於憲法本文 (C)依據特別法優於普通法原則，憲法增修條文之位階高於憲法本文 (D)依據憲法保留原則，憲法本文之位階高於憲法增修條文

憲法第155 條前段規定：「國家為謀社會福利，應實施社會保險制度」。下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)實施社會保險制度，乃是憲法委託事項 (B)立法者對社會保險制度，享有完全之形成自由 (C)國民年金保險，乃是社會保險之一種 (D)社會保險之實施，須考慮國家財政資源之有限性

依據司法院大法官之解釋，關於憲法保障之營業自由，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)營業自由為憲法第15 條工作權及財產權所保障之內涵 (B)其保障範圍及於營業場所之選定 (C)對於營業自由，僅得以立法院制定之法律為限制 (D)政府採購得標廠商員工逾百者應進用一定比例原住民之規定，因進用比例不大，如未進用，亦得繳納代金代替，故對於得標廠商營業自由之限制並未過當

依憲法規定，各級政府為扶助學行俱優無力升學之學生，負有下列何種義務？ (A)應給予免繳納學雜費之優惠 (B)應廣設獎學金名額 (C)應給予大學入學之名額保障 (D)應給予大學入學考試之成績計算優惠

依司法院釋字436 號解釋，當時之軍事審判法被宣告為違憲之原因為何？ (A)認為「現役軍人」包括軍校學生，違憲 (B)認為軍法官不是法官而是軍官，因此軍事審判法中由軍法官來行使普通法院之法官職權，違憲 (C)認為被告因軍事審判法受有期徒刑以上宣告之判決確定後，不得再向普通法院以判決違背法令為由請求救濟，違憲 (D)認為軍事審判機關不具獨立性與公正性，不符合正當法律程序之最低要求，因此軍事審判制度是違憲的，軍人犯罪應回歸普通法院審判

下列何者並非對人民基本權利之直接限制？ (A)主管機關廢止公園公用 (B)人民團體之會議紀錄須送主管機關核定 (C)集會遊行須經主管機關許可 (D)書籍須送主管機關審查始得出版

下列何者並非憲法財產權之保障範圍？ (A)名譽人格 (B)商標專用權 (C)營業自由 (D)公務員考績獎金

防疫期間，政府機關調取確診者手機簡訊實聯制紀錄以確認足跡，係影響下列何種基本權？ (A)言論自由 (B)居住自由 (C)秘密通訊自由 (D)財產權

依法行政原則乃是法治國原則的重要內涵之一。關於依法行政原則，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)依據法律優位原則，行政機關依法律授權訂定之法規命令，位階與法律相同 (B)依據法律優位原則，行政機關依法律授權作成之行政處分，位階與法律相同 (C)依據法律保留原則，關於涉及財產權限制之事項，法律得授權行政機關訂定法規命令予以規範 (D)依據法律保留原則，關於涉及秘密通訊自由限制之事項，法律不得授權行政機關訂定法規命令予以規範

被羈押之刑事被告受法院公平審判之權利，不涉及下列何種權利或原則？ (A)正當法律程序原則 (B)言論自由 (C)人身自由 (D)防禦權

依強制執行法第52 條規定，查封動產時，應酌留債務人及其共同生活之親屬2 個月間生活所必需之金錢。此係為直接保障何種憲法權利？ (A)工作權 (B)家庭團聚權 (C)訴訟權 (D)生存權

依司法院釋字第573 號解釋，有關宗教結社自由，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)宗教性結社就其內部組織結構、人事及財政管理應享有自主權 (B)宗教性人民團體之內部關係及寺廟財產之管理、處分等事項，均受宗教結社自由之保障 (C)寺廟不動產須呈請該管官署許可後始得處分，是為避免寺產遭不當處分而有害信仰存續，符合比例原則之要求而屬合憲 (D)教會亦有加入其他宗教性人民團體而成為團體會員之自由，此與憲法所保障之宗教信仰自由並無牴觸

兵役法規定僅男子有服兵役之義務，依大法官解釋該規定合憲，下列何者並非其理由？ (A)非為助長、促進或限制宗教而設 (B)軍隊員額限制 (C)基於男女生理差異之考量 (D)基於男女之社會生活功能角色不同

依憲法增修條文第3 條規定，行政院院長在何時，應提出辭職，並得同時呈請總統解散立法院？ (A)立法院未通過行政院提出之預算案之時 (B)立法院對行政院院長所提出之不信任案經通過之時 (C)對於行政院所提出之覆議案，總統不予核可之時 (D)行政院向立法院提出之覆議案，經全體立法委員二分之一以上決議維持原案之時

關於法官聲請憲法法庭判決，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)所謂法官審理案件之類型包括刑事、行政訴訟、民事及非訟案件 (B)限於最高法院或最高行政法院之法官始得聲請 (C)法院在聲請前，應以裁定停止訴訟程序 (D)聲請法官應依其合理確信，就裁判所適用之法律有牴觸憲法之疑義，說明理由

依司法院憲法解釋及憲法法庭裁判，有關憲法上之人格權，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)人格權為維護個人主體性及人格自由發展所不可或缺 (B)人格權與人性尊嚴的維護關係密切 (C)人格權的保障包含未來世代之人格發展 (D)人格權受憲法第22 條之保障

依憲法增修條文，有關領土變更案之立法委員提案程序，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)全體立法委員4 分之1 提議、全體立法委員4 分之3 出席、出席委員3 分之2 決議 (B)全體立法委員4 分之1 提議、全體立法委員4 分之3 出席、出席委員4 分之3 決議 (C)全體立法委員3 分之1 提議、全體立法委員4 分之3 出席、出席委員3 分之2 決議 (D)全體立法委員3 分之1 提議、全體立法委員4 分之3 出席、出席委員4 分之3 決議

關於健康權，下列何者並非大法官解釋所宣示？ (A)為憲法第22 條所保障的基本權利 (B)健康權在保障人民生理及心理機能的完整性，不受任意侵害 (C)如涉及國家提供資源以提升人民健康之政策目標，應採嚴格標準予以審查 (D)國家對人民的身心健康有最低限度的照顧義務

如立法院制定之法律，被憲法法庭宣告違憲失效，立法院因而刪除大法官之司法專業加給，是否違憲？ (A)不違憲，因為立法院有審議預算的權力，得刪減預算 (B)違憲，因為憲法第81 條規定法官非依法律不得減俸，立法院亦應遵守此一憲法義務 (C)不違憲，因為大法官並非法官，不得領取司法專業加給 (D)不違憲，因為權力分立之基本原則，各權力機關得彼此制衡

關於憲法所定監察院彈劾權，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)監察院僅得對於中央公務人員，認有失職或違法情事時提出彈劾；地方公務人員之彈劾權，由監督地方自治之行政院掌理 (B)監察院得對司法院與監察院人員失職或違法情事，行使憲法所賦予之彈劾權 (C)監察院所彈劾之公務人員如涉及刑事責任時，亦由監察院予以審理 (D)總統與副總統為中央公務人員，其有失職或違法情事時，監察院依憲法獨立行使職權，亦得予以彈劾

有些基本國策規定僅係作為國家施政之依據或參酌之方向，並無強制性之拘束力，也無法作為人民請求之依據。此種規定之性質為： (A)方針規定 (B)憲法委託 (C)組織及程序保障 (D)制度性保障

依憲法及憲法增修條文規定，關於考試院之組織與職權，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)考試院設院長、副院長各一人，由總統直接任命；其餘考試委員，則由總統提名，經立法院同意任命之 (B)考試院關於所掌事項而須提出法律案時，應向行政院提報，並經由行政院轉呈向立法院提出 (C)考試委員之任命，須符合立法院各政黨所占席次之比例，以求職權行使之公正性 (D)公務人員之選拔，應實行公開競爭之考試制度，非經考試及格者，不得任用

依憲法規定、司法院釋字與憲法法庭判決之見解，有關選舉制度，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)憲法上所規定之選舉，原則上以普通、平等、直接及無記名投票之方法行之 (B)修憲機關所定之選舉方法不得有礙民主共和國及國民主權原則之實現，亦不得變動選舉權、平等權之核心內涵 (C)憲法增修條文就不分區立法委員之產生，所定5%之政黨比例代表門檻，縱造成選票不等值之結果，惟其為重大之政治問題，不應由大法官予以解釋 (D)憲法增修條文就立法委員選舉採區域代表與政黨比例代表之並立制，並未牴觸民主共和國與國民主權原則

關於行政院設置不當黨產處理委員會所涉及中央行政機關組織基準法之適用問題，下列何者不是大法官解釋所闡述之內容？ (A)中央行政機關組織基準法係依憲法增修條文第3 條第3 項規定制定之一般性、框架性立法 (B)政黨及其附隨組織不當取得財產處理條例排除中央行政機關組織基準法之適用，並未牴觸憲法增修條文規定 (C)中央行政機關組織基準法是具有準憲法位階之規範，違反該等規範者，即間接違反憲法增修條文規定 (D)基於民主原則與權力分立原則，立法院得以法律明定或授權以命令訂定行政院所屬各級機關之設置與組織

依據憲法訴訟法規定，關於聲請憲法法庭判決，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)法官個人得就法律牴觸憲法，聲請法規範憲法審查 (B)法院得就法律牴觸憲法，聲請法規範憲法審查 (C)法院得就行政命令牴觸憲法，聲請法規範憲法審查 (D)法院得就判例牴觸憲法，聲請法規範憲法審查

依司法院釋字及憲法法庭裁判，下列何者對於人民財產權所為之限制，已逾越社會義務所應忍受之範圍，侵害人民之財產權？ (A)菸害防制法規定菸品業者應於菸品容器上為尼古丁及焦油含量標示 (B)需用土地人因興辦土地徵收條例第3 條規定之事業，穿越私有土地之上空或地下而不予補償 (C)道路交通管理處罰條例禁止騎樓擺設攤販，並對違法設攤者為行政處罰 (D)野生動物保育法對於非法買賣公告之管制動物及製品者予以處罰

下列何者非現代民主國家政府組織之基本原則？ (A)權力分立原則 (B)機關效能原則 (C)中央與地方均權原則 (D)民意政治、責任政治原則

依司法院大法官解釋及憲法法庭裁判意旨，有關進口肉品及其產製品殘留乙型受體素之安全容許量標準的訂定與執行，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)肉品中是否容許乙型受體素，涉及地方政府維護人民食品安全的事務，地方享有優先立法權 (B)食品安全衛生之管制標準，屬憲法第108 條第1 項第3 款規定「商業」及第18 款規定「公共衛生」所定之中央立法事項 (C)有關進口肉品及其產製品是否容許殘留乙型受體素，應依國際標準決定 (D)地方自治團體基於對居民健康的維護義務，得就肉品及其產製品殘留乙型受體素之安全容許量，自訂比中央更嚴格的標準

有關非明文憲法權利，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)有關非明文憲法權利，有主張可以參酌國際人權公約進行解釋 (B)憲法第22 條所規定之「不妨害社會秩序公共利益」，有主張此為基本權利之內在限制 (C)對於新的基本權之承認，應考量其是否具備普遍性、公共性、歷史正當性以及人格自我實現必要性 (D)人權觀念之演進，有其時代背景與環境需要，「傳統」係承認非明文憲法權利之必要條件

依司法院大法官解釋及現行規定，關於中央與地方之財政責任分配，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)地方自治團體受憲法保障，其財政自主權事項雖適用法律保留原則，但中央不得侵害其核心領域，致其保障虛有化 (B)中央法律規定由地方分擔經費時，倘中央與地方在權限劃分上依法互有協力義務，或分擔經費符合事物之本質者，並不違憲 (C)法律之實施須由地方負擔經費者，於法律制定過程中應使地方政府充分參與，中央並應與地方協商，事前妥為規劃所需財源 (D)憲法條文中使用「國家」一語者，其涵義係專指中央，如憲法第155 條，國家為謀社會福利，應實施社會保險制度之規定

對於政務人員，可實施下列何種懲戒？ (A)休職 (B)降級 (C)記過 (D)申誡

有關人民基本權利之限制或影響，下列何者不違反法律保留原則？ (A)基於大學自治，大學自訂校規將成績不合標準之學生退學 (B)於網路散布謠言造成慌亂者，主管機關命網路平台加上警語 (C)全民健康保險之醫療費用支付標準及藥價基準規定 (D)役男出國應經許可

公務員甲將選舉結果公告張貼於機關公布欄之前，乙意圖侮辱甲，搶在公告實貼於公布欄前，撕毀該公告。有關乙之刑責，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)乙不構成刑法第141 條的侵害文告罪 (B)乙構成刑法第142 條的妨害投票罪 (C)乙不構成刑法第138 條的毀損公務員職務上掌管之文書罪 (D)乙構成刑法第139 條的妨害封印或查封標示罪

依司法院大法官解釋，就「行為不檢有損師道者，經有關機關查證屬實」不得聘任為教師之規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)此一規定須由各級學校之教師評審委員會於個案中加以認定及判斷，違反明確性原則 (B)教育實務上所累積之案例，有助於補強此一規定之明確性 (C)此一規定未明定違法行為之類型，與法律保留原則有違 (D)受規範之教師無法預見其行為是否違法，故此一規定違反法律明確性原則

依司法院釋字第596 號解釋，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)保護勞工之內容與方式應如何設計，立法者有一定之形成自由 (B)立法者得衡酌債權人私法上債權實現及債務人生存保護之必要，於不違反憲法第7 條及第23 條之範圍內，禁止對債務人部分財產之執行 (C)國家基於憲法第153 條保護勞工之基本國策，得立法要求雇主協力保護勞工之退休生活 (D)勞工退休金條例第29 條規定勞工退休金及請領退休金之權利不得讓與、扣押、抵銷或供擔保，違反憲法第7 條平等原則

性別平等工作法第14 條有關於生理假之規定，下列何者錯誤？ (A)女性受僱者因生理日致工作有困難者，每年得請生理假12 日 (B)全年請假日數未逾3 日，不併入病假計，其餘日數併入病假計算 (C)生理假薪資，減半發給 (D)雇主不得要求女性受僱者，提出醫生證明

依據性別平等工作法之規定，下列有關禁止性別歧視之敘述，何者正確？ (A)雇主若於勞動契約中規定受僱者有結婚、懷孕之情形時，即應行離職，則該約定雖為無效，然該勞動契約之終止依然具有效力 (B)雇主對求職者之招募、甄試與分發不得因性別或性傾向而有差別待遇，且無任何例外 (C)雇主對於受僱者之退休及資遣，雖不可因性別而有差別待遇，然可因其性傾向而加以解僱，此為契約自由原則 (D)雇主對於受僱者薪資之給付，雖不得因性別而有差別待遇，然可基於年資或績效之理由，給予不同之薪資

有關大法官之任期及身分保障，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)大法官卸任後皆受法官終身職待遇之保障 (B)大法官任期為6 年 (C)並為司法院院長之大法官，仍受任期之保障 (D)大法官任期不分屆次，個別計算

依消費者保護法之規定，企業經營者與消費者分期付款買賣契約應以書面為之。下列何者非契約書應載明事項？ (A)頭期款 (B)違約金 (C)各期價款與其他附加費用合計之總價款與現金交易價格之差額 (D)利率

警察張三逮捕現行犯李四後，發現其為舊識。移送至警局後，張三念在老友一場，遞給李四一隻迴紋針，便利其脫逃，但李四功力不足，未能開啟手銬及門鎖。下列敘述何者正確？ (A)張三的行為構成刑法第163 條公務員縱放人犯未遂罪，因其已著手縱放職務上依法逮捕或拘禁之人 (B)張三的行為構成刑法第163 條公務員縱放人犯未遂罪，因其發現李四係舊識，卻未移交他人處理 (C)張三的行為不構成刑法第163 條之犯罪，因該罪不罰過失 (D)張三的行為不構成刑法第163 條之犯罪，因李四並非受羈押之人

下列何者為憲法增修條文所明定應由司法院大法官組成憲法法庭審理之案件？ (A)總統、副總統之罷免案 (B)人民聲請法規範憲法審查 (C)總統、副總統之彈劾案 (D)地方自治保障案件

關於法規範憲法審查，下列國家機關何者無法聲請？ (A)內政部 (B)國家通訊傳播委員會 (C)考試院 (D)總統

共有人就共有物之管理，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)除契約另有約定外，共有物之管理，得以共有人過半數及其應有部分合計過半數之同意行之 (B)除契約另有約定外，共有物之管理，得以共有人之應有部分合計逾三分之二同意行之 (C)共有物之簡易修繕，應以共有人過半數及其應有部分合計過半數之同意行之 (D)訂定共有物之分管契約，應得到全體共有人同意

關於中央與地方權限之劃分，憲法係採下列那一項原則？ (A)協議原則 (B)均權原則 (C)中央優先原則 (D)地方優先原則

法律之廢止，其程序為何？ (A)經立法院通過，總統公布 (B)憲法法院裁判 (C)原執行機關公布廢止 (D)人民公投

關於工資之給付，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)工資應全額直接給付勞工，雇主不得代扣任何費用 (B)雇主不按期給付工資者，主管機關得限期令其給付 (C)除當事人有特別約定或按月預付者外，工資應定期發給 (D)基於習慣或業務性質，工資得於勞動契約內訂明一部以實物給付之

下列何者並非行政程序法所明定之行政法一般原則？ (A)裁量濫用禁止原則 (B)有利不利一律注意原則 (C)行政一體原則 (D)誠實信用原則

依民法之規定，關於公示外觀原則的效力，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)登記具有絕對效力，占有則推定適法有此權利 (B)登記為推定適法有此權利，占有則具有絕對效力 (C)登記具有絕對效力，占有亦具有絕對效力 (D)登記為推定適法有此權利，占有亦推定適法有此權利

關於共和國原則，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)憲法第1 條即開宗明義揭示此原則 (B)排除任何壟斷性、世襲性與獨占性的權力統治 (C)共和之特徵在於國家元首透過選舉產生，且有一定任期 (D)英國有女王、日本有天皇，均係世襲，是專制共和政體

甲舉槍欲射殺乙，卻誤中乙身旁之丙身亡。下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲對乙成立殺人未遂罪，對丙成立過失致死罪。兩罪想像競合，從過失致死罪處斷 (B)甲對乙成立殺人未遂罪，對丙成立過失致死罪。兩罪想像競合，從殺人未遂罪處斷 (C)甲對乙成立殺人未遂罪，對丙成立過失致死罪。兩罪數罪併罰 (D)甲對乙成立殺人未遂罪，對丙成立過失致死罪。兩罪法條競合，構成殺人未遂罪

依全民健康保險法第48 條第1 項規定，特定保險對象免自行負擔門診、急診及住院費用。下列何者非屬該等特定保險對象？ (A)低收入戶成員 (B)重大傷病 (C)分娩 (D)山地離島地區之就醫

下列何者並非中央法規標準法第21 條所定之法規廢止事由？ (A)機關裁併，有關法規無保留之必要者 (B)法規因有關法規之廢止或修正致失其依據，而無單獨施行之必要者 (C)同一事項已定有新法規，並公布或發布施行者 (D)法規受憲法法庭宣告違憲而立即失效者

甲為某一視聽著作之著作財產權人，將其著作財產權以非專屬授權之方式授權給乙，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲若嗣後將其著作財產權再專屬授權給丙，乙所獲之授權即告終止 (B)乙在被授權範圍內，得將其被授與之權利再授權第三人利用，無須取得甲的同意 (C)若發現有侵權情事，甲在授權範圍內，仍得以自己名義為訴訟上行為 (D)甲乙之授權契約，非經登記，不生效力

類推適用係就法律未規定之事項，比附援引與其性質相類似之規定，以為適用。據此，類推適用是基於下列何種原則之理念而來？ (A)比例原則 (B)民主原則 (C)司法自制 (D)平等原則

會客室門口懸掛告示牌規定，「禁止帶狗進入」。對該條規定，應採取反對解釋，認為熊與狗不同，該告示僅禁止帶狗進入，則熊自不在禁止之列；抑或是採取類推適用，熊與狗同為動物，因此亦在規範禁止之列。此際，解釋方式選擇之考量重點應為下列何者？ (A)民主原則 (B)信賴保護 (C)規範目的 (D)私法自治

依地方制度法規定，關於直轄市、縣（市）之改制或合併，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)內政部擬將縣（市）改制或與其他直轄市、縣（市）合併改制為直轄市者，應由內政部擬訂改制計畫，徵詢相關直轄市政府、縣（市）政府意見後，報請行政院核定之 (B)縣（市）擬與其他直轄市、縣（市）合併改制為直轄市者，相關直轄市政府、縣（市）政府得共同擬訂改制計畫，經各該直轄市議會、縣（市）議會同意後，報請行政院核定之 (C)行政院收到內政部陳報改制計畫，應於6 個月內決定之 (D)內政部應於收到行政院核定公文之次日起30 日內，將改制計畫發布，並公告改制日期

關於民法與商法的關係，學說上分成民商合一與民商分立兩種立法例。下列對我國民法與商法採用立法例的說明，何者正確？ (A)我國採取民商合一的立法例，民法中有商法規定 (B)我國在民法規定之外，尚有獨立制定的商法法典 (C)我國雖無獨立的商法典，但未在民法中規範商業行為 (D)我國採取民商分立制度

我國著作權法關於著作人認定之規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)2 人以上共同完成之著作，其各人之創作，無論是否可分離利用者，視為共同著作 (B)受雇人於職務上完成之著作，若勞務契約約定以雇用人為著作人者，從其約定 (C)使用他人所研發之人工智慧軟體創作音樂，無論使用者是否有具原創性參與創作，均以該人工智慧研發者為著作人 (D)出資聘請他人完成之著作，若契約約定以出資人為著作人者，仍以該受聘人為著作人

在遺產分割前，全部繼承人對於遺產全部的法律關係為何？ (A)分別共有 (B)準分別共有 (C)公同共有 (D)準公同共有

入出國及移民法施行細則第43 條第2 項規定，「本細則中華民國112 年12 月28 日修正發布條文，除第13條及第22 條自113 年3 月1 日施行外，自113 年1 月1 日施行。」該施行細則應自何時生效？ (A)中華民國113 年1 月1 日 (B)中華民國112 年12 月28 日 (C)中華民國112 年12 月31 日 (D)中華民國112 年12 月30 日

Guilt continued tohim long after the incident, leaving him unable to sleep at night. (A)pacify (B)wrack (C)enhance (D)advance

有關最高法院大法庭制度，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)於修正施行前依法選編之判例，一律失去裁判之效力 (B)最高法院民事庭、刑事庭各庭擬與先前已經依法選編之判例而有裁判全文所示法律見解歧異時，則以判例基礎事實的「先前裁判本身」為準，依循法院組織法第51 條之2 之歧異提案程序處理 (C)最高法院決議不具統一法律見解之功能 (D)最高法院審判庭經評議後認採為裁判基礎之法律見解，與先前裁判之法律見解歧異者，經徵詢程序未達成一致見解者，應提案予大法庭裁判

The baseball of the homerun in the All-Star game wasto raise money for charity. (A)authorized (B)auctioned (C)auditioned (D)mentioned

Tom made acomment about Sarah’s appearance, which caused her to leave in tears. (A)nasty (B)supurb (C)brilliant (D)praiseworthy

有關國民法官制度之相關規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)只有刑事審判實施國民法官制度 (B)國民法官法庭係以國民法官9 人共同組成，進行審判 (C)擔任國民法官為中華民國國民之義務，因此並不支付日費等相關費用 (D)國民法官僅就案件事實是否有罪進行討論與表決，法律適用與科刑並非國民法官之權限

To lower the crime rate, the mayorto get rid of guns and drugs in his term. (A)associated (B)dominated (C)advocated (D)acquired

Please only include relevant information in your report to make it. (A)wordy (B)lengthy (C)concise (D)typical

下列有關英美法與大陸法之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)英美法系國家與大陸法系國家均有成文法 (B)大陸法系國家的法院並不否定習慣的效力 (C)英美法系國家的判決先例效力優先於成文法 (D)英美法系是衡平法的起源

Lina had toquality time with her family before she passed the lawyer license examination. (A)constitute (B)guarantee (C)sacrifice (D)register

He saved part of his weeklyto buy a video game at the end of the month. (A)refusal (B)allowance (C)inhibition (D)withholding

有關9 年國民教育與高級中等教育之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)兩者皆強迫入學 (B)9 年國民教育為強迫入學，高級中等教育則為自願入學 (C)9 年國民教育為自願入學，高級中等教育則為強迫入學 (D)兩者皆自願入學

Jay is a busybody; he’s alwayshis nose into matters that are no concern of his. (A)sticking (B)posing (C)posting (D)running

Toexcessive tourism, the city is going to limit group sizes and introduce tourist taxes. (A)conceive (B)counter (C)content (D)convene

關於法源種類之說明，下列何者正確？ (A)法理屬於自然法而非實證法，並非我國承認的法源 (B)抽象的法律原則經法律明文規定者，也是我國法源 (C)人類社會生活中所有的日常習俗，都屬於我國法源 (D)法律只能經立法院廢止效力，無法經公投複決後失效

Even with the restaurant’s the-customer-is-always-right policy, the waiter was stillby the guests’ rudeattitudes and languages. (A)irritated (B)furnished (C)portrayed (D)relieved

Tears filled her eyes so quickly that the words on the page began to, turning sharp letters into fuzzy,unreadable shapes. (A)glow (B)blur (C)shine (D)appear

關於自治規則之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)自治規則應分別冠以各該地方自治團體之名稱，在直轄市稱直轄市法規、在縣（市）稱縣（市）規章，在鄉（鎮、市）稱鄉（鎮、市）規約 (B)自治規則經各該地方立法機關議決後，由各該行政機關公布 (C)自治規則定有罰則時，應報經地方立法機關核定後發布 (D)地方行政機關就其自治事項，得依其法定職權或法律、法規命令或自治條例之授權，訂定自治規則

Blown out of the open window by a sudden breeze, the letterto the ground below. (A)abated (B)elicited (C)fluttered (D)regressed

The childin pain after falling off the swing, and his loud wails drew everyone’s attention in the park. (A)howled (B)gossiped (C)murmured (D)whispered

民法第222 條規定，故意或重大過失之責任，不得預先免除。對此，最高法院判例表示，債務人因欠缺善良管理人之注意而發生之輕過失責任，非不得由當事人依特約予以免除。於此則判例中，最高法院主要採取下列何種解釋方法？ (A)反面解釋 (B)合憲性解釋 (C)擴張解釋 (D)歷史解釋

You should not listen to other people’s private conversations; it is not polite to. (A)boost (B)eavesdrop (C)relapse (D)vitalize

This sophisticated manager is known for her incredible talent inthe conflict among team members. (A)resolving (B)revolving (C)reserving (D)resigning

甲、乙二人口頭約定，甲以每月新臺幣3 萬元的租金租用乙在鄉下的A 屋，租期3 年，下列敘述，何者正確？ (A)A 屋的租賃契約無效，因未訂立書面契約 (B)當事人間存在A 屋的不定期租賃關係 (C)在作成書面契約前，A 屋的租賃契約不生效力 (D)乙僅得依不當得利請求甲返還其使用A 屋所取得之利益

Some workers dug up the street near our house, which caused frequentinside. (A)stimulants (B)simulation (C)vigor (D)vibrations

The company’s new CEO has been greatly applauded for his success ina dramatic transformation toadvance the entire industry. (A)triggering (B)prohibiting (C)stagnating (D)downplaying

依司法院釋字意旨，下列規定何者並不違憲？ (A)刊登化粧品廣告前必須先送交主管機關審查內容 (B)對於電視上性資訊之傳播，予以適當之限制 (C)人民團體不得主張共產主義或分裂國土 (D)受刑人撰寫文稿須題意正確，無礙監獄紀律，始得准許投寄報章雜誌

Refugees were forced to leave their country to find safety in another country because of. (A)persecution (B)recognition (C)adolescence (D)consistency

The team had to work within a strict budget, which posed a significanton their ability to expand the projectfurther. (A)boost (B)constraint (C)extension (D)opportunity

依司法院釋字第443 號解釋意旨，有關法律保留原則，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)財產權與工作權之保障均有憲法明文規定，故其保障均屬憲法保留事項 (B)憲法第8 條規定中屬於憲法保留之事項者，不得以法律加以變更 (C)執行法律之細節性和技術性事項，不得由主管機關發布命令為必要之規範 (D)給付行政涉及人民權益之得喪，不得以法律授權主管機關以發布命令之方式為之

Aof 7.0 earthquake attacked the northern part of the country so harshly that it caused hundreds of peopleto lose their lives and properties. (A)magnitude (B)maintenance (C)majesty (D)manifesto

The scientist’s groundbreaking research provided a newfor understanding the universe. (A)paradigm (B)omission (C)anomaly (D)convenience

The spokesperson’s vague and elusive response did little tothe growing public concern over thecontaminated water. (A)alleviate (B)suffocate (C)ornament (D)rehabilitate

The grass turned brown in the summer while the grapesand died on the vine. (A)sprinkled (B)shriveled (C)scattered (D)shuffled

Being laid off turned out to be a blessing inbecause within a month I got a much better job. (A)tears (B)terms (C)dispute (D)disguise

The mountain climbers had towith freezing temperatures and a lack of oxygen as they pushed toward thesummit. (A)collide (B)compose (C)conflict (D)contend

International trade allows countries to expand their markets and access goods that may not have beenavailable. (A)domestically (B)analytically (C)colloquially (D)emphatically

Theboy kept changing his mind about which ice cream flavor to choose. (A)indecisive (B)inclusive (C)unwavering (D)unfailing

During the interview, the politicianhis answers to avoid taking a clear stance on the controversial issue. (A)hedged (B)devoted (C)provoked (D)conducted

Leo likes nagging at his sons whenever heof their behaviors. (A)nominates (B)disapproves (C)narrates (D)appreciates

The manager of the company spoke vaguely toany mention of the recent layoffs. (A)evade (B)promote (C)prompt (D)enhance

The publication of Harry Potter helpedJ. K. Rowling’s reputation as one of the most famous Englishnovelists. (A)solicit (B)solidify (C)revolve (D)resolve

The payment for the tuition can be made into be paid partially each month until the full amount is paid. (A)installment (B)retail (C)wholesale (D)deposit

The devastating flood has caused a severeof food supplies, leaving many families in urgent need of basicnecessities. (A)surplus (B)scarcity (C)shipment (D)arrangement請依下文回答第36 題至第40 題：As misinformation is rampant on social media, telling facts from fiction is a crucial skill. Mike Caulfield, a digitalliteracy expert, developed the SIFT methodology to improve fact-checking strategies. SIFT

Some people accept the scientists’that lives may exist on Mars. (A)innovation (B)intervention (C)interpretation (D)interrogation

To prevent attention deficit disorder related totechnology use, one should limit smartphone use. (A)excessive (B)concrete (C)persuasive (D)rampage

“Stop, Investigate,Find, and Trace.” When you hear, see, or read something that triggers a strong

The mayora deep sense of loss to the families of the mine explosion victims. (A)captured (B)conveyed (C)supposed (D)replied

After the rainstorm, the hiking trail becameand slippery, making it difficult to traverse. (A)smooth (B)straightforward (C)muddy (D)transparent

response, such as angry, shocked,or self-righteous, you should stop sharing the information and investigate the source that publishes the information. Next,find more trusted sources

All of the spa resorts arefrom the hotel via free public transportation. (A)accessible (B)subsequent (C)vulnerable (D)aggressive

Music can improve mood, decrease pain and anxiety; it canyou when you are down. (A)elate (B)amble (C)glean (D)libel

the same information or disputing it. Readers should also be aware that re-reportingmay omit certain facts to support biased perspectives. The final step,

Thebetween the two sisters was so striking that people often mistook them for twins. (A)expenditure (B)prosecution (C)resemblance (D)subsistence

Thein the contract led to disputes between the two parties involved, intensifying misunderstandings. (A)lucidity (B)precision (C)ambiguity (D)explicitness

, is to trace and read the claims in theoriginal context in which they were presented.Taking these steps before deciding whether to share a claim might feel

Music has a material side which wethrough the sense of hearing and a spiritual side that reaches usthrough the imaginative and emotional part of us. (A)apprehend (B)reprehend (C)express (D)extend

The room waslit, making it difficult to see the details of the painting on the wall. (A)brightly (B)obviously (C)densely (D)scarcely

. Yet it may not only save you theembarrassment but help ensure you’re not spreading misinformation.36 (A)comes across (B)looks into (C)stands for (D)breaks down37 (A)analytical (B)emotional (C)physical (D)symmetrical38 (A)corroborating (B)deducting (C)fabricating (D)perpetrating39 (A)however (B)reversely (C)instead (D)therefore40 (A)buoyant (B)onerous (C)infatuated (D)haughty請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題：2024 Peace Prize exhibition tells the powerful story of Nihon Hidankyo, the Japanese organization for survivors of theatomic bombs in 1945, and their work for a nuclear weapon-free world. The exhibition provides a moving

The eagle that was severely injured in a storm returned to the wild this week after. (A)contention (B)implementation (C)subordination (D)rehabilitation請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題：The advent of the internet has profoundly impacted nearly every aspect of our daily life. It has, for instance,

As the story, we learned that the boy became an orphan when he was one year old. (A)allowed (B)called (C)undone (D)unfolded請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題：In today’s rapidly evolving society, a growing concern regarding some young adults has been raised. They donot

into thedestruction caused by the bombs dropped over Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. Through photographs and testimoniesfrom the survivors, the audience

transformed the way people communicate with each other. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, X, etc.allow individuals to express ideas instantly. Messages that once took days or weeks to arrive can now be transmitted ina matter of seconds. Not only has communication become faster, but it has also become more

the same level of work ethic as their parents did in previous generations. This shift can be attributed tovarious factors, including technological improvements, changing cultural values, and differing economic landscapes.Their parents often had to

an understanding of the Peace Prize winner’s message: Nuclear weapons mustnever be used again! The renowned French Magnum photographer Antoine d’Agata

—people now useimages, emojis, videos, and voice messages to express themselves. Online forums, blogs, and video-sharing sites havenew forms of interaction, enabling people from different cultures to engage in meaningful conversations. Nevertheless,the rise of digital communication has also raised concerns about privacy, cyberbullying, and mental health. Constantconnectivity can

their leisure time and work long hours in physically demanding jobs. In contrast,today’s youth are more likely to seek careers that offer better work-life

the survivors from Hiroshimaand Nagasaki, who are called hibakusha in Japanese. He has captured the determined gazes of these elderly individuals,and the images stand in

information overload and feelings of isolation. The curated nature of online identities maycontribute to low self-esteem, particularly among younger users who compare themselves to unrealistic portrayals onsocial media. In this digital era, it is,

and personal fulfillment. First,opportunities for remote work and passive income have been created by the

contrast to archival photos of the destruction from 1945. For this year’s exhibition, theNobel Peace Center has also collaborated

, important to strike a balance between online and offline interactions.Spending time face-to-face with family and friends helps

of digital technology, which cansometimes lead to a perception of reduced effort. Additionally, the cultural emphasis on self-care and mental healthhas reshaped priorities, with many young adults valuing basic,

the world-famous Japanese architect Kengo Kuma, who has created aspecial installation with 1000 cedarwood objects from Hiroshima. Each object represents a hibakusha. The audience canpick up the figures, listen to their stories, and reflected on the ongoing struggle for a nuclear weapon-free world.41 (A)confusion (B)insight (C)ignorance (D)naivety42 (A)wastes (B)surrenders (C)gains (D)misses43 (A)portrays (B)has portrayed (C)portraying (D)to portray44 (A)reasonable (B)positive (C)good (D)stark45 (A)in (B)with (C)from (D)over請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題：When we were kids, dream jobs shimmered with imagination—astronauts soaring through galaxies, rock starsjamming on world stages, dinosaur trainers wrangling prehistoric pals (yes, totally legit), and professional ice creamtasters sampling scoops all day long. Those were the glory days of wild ambition, untouched by reality. Then adulthoodsnuck in with spreadsheets, deadlines, and way too much coffee. But here’s the twist: those glittery dreams never reallydisappear—they just flicker quietly in the background, waiting for a chance to shine again.Some people still chase those dreams with flair. Travel vloggers, for instance, turn the world into their office—sippingcoconut water in Bali, editing videos from a hammock, and surviving on patchy Wi-Fi. Game designers build entireuniverses where they make the rules (like outlawing pineapple on pizza—finally!). And let’s not forget the petinfluencers—folks who turn their stylish cats and dogs into fashion icons with more followers than a small country.Then there are the voice actors who bring characters to life in their pajamas, and food critics whose job is to eat andjudge pasta. That’s not just work—it’s a public service! Others dream of running cozy book cafés or opening quirkyshops. These jobs may not come with corner offices or corporate perks, but they offer something much richer: joy,freedom, and creativity.In a world that often pushes practicality, it’s refreshing to remember that dream jobs still exist—and they’re morediverse than ever. Whether you’re five or fifty, there’s magic in pursuing what lights you up inside. So, let’s keep steppingtoward those shimmering careers. They might not always be easy, but one glittery step at a time, they just might leadyou somewhere wonderful.

emotional bonds and enhances real-life social skills.Setting boundaries for screen time and practicing digital detox can also improve one’s mental well-being.41 (A)cautiously (B)casually (C)drastically (D)merely42 (A)multilingual (B)multimodal (C)interpretive (D)integrative43 (A)lead to (B)fall through (C)abide by (D)ease off44 (A)nevertheless (B)nonetheless (C)moreover (D)therefore45 (A)hinder (B)nurture (C)suppress (D)abandon請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題：Water is one of the fundamental ingredients for life on Earth and our bodies are mainly composed of it. When we areforced to go without water, things can turn nasty very fast indeed. On average, water makes up about 60-70% of thehuman body, largely depending on your age. Our bodies lose water through our urine, sweat, feces and breath, so wehave to continually replace this by drinking and eating. If we don’t do this, our bodies can become dehydrated. Whenexercising in a hot environment, the human body can lose between 1.5-3 liters of water every hour due to sweat. Another200-1,500 ml can be lost as moisture in exhaled breath, depending on the humidity of the surrounding air. As we losemore water, our ability to cool down through sweating also decreases, making overheating more of a risk. With no waterin a climate of 50 degrees Celsius (122℉), coupled with extreme exercise, dehydration can quickly become lethal.The first stage of dehydration is thirst when we lose body fluid equivalent to just 2% of our body weight. “When thirstkicks in, your body clings to all remaining moisture,” says Dileep Lobo, professor of gastrointestinal surgery, whoresearches fluids and electrolyte balance. “Your kidneys send less water to your bladder, darkening your urine. As yousweat less, your body temperature rises. Your blood becomes thicker and sluggish. To maintain oxygen levels, your heartrate increases.” The rate at which dehydration occurs varies.At the second stage, when we lose water 4% of our body weight, blood pressure drops and fainting can occur. With morewater leaving our bodies than coming in, our blood starts to thicken and become more concentrated, meaning ourcardiovascular system has to work harder to keep our blood pressure up. Our kidneys try to compensate by retaining morewater through reduced urination, and water rushes out of our cells into our blood stream, causing them to shrink in size.The third stage, when 7% of body weight is lost, is organ damage. “Your body is having trouble maintaining bloodpressure,” says Lobo. “To survive, it slows blood flow to non-vital organs, such as your kidneys and gut, causing damage.Without your kidneys filtering your blood, cellular waste quickly builds up. You’re literally dying for a glass of water.”

well-being over relentless, never-ending hardwork. However, it’s necessary to recognize that these changes reflect broader societal transformations and theadaptation to new economic realities rather than a mere lack of diligence or ambition.41 (A)cease (B)ignore (C)exhibit (D)abandon42 (A)launch (B)sacrifice (C)increase (D)strengthen43 (A)balance (B)inequality (C)extension (D)impression44 (A)objection (B)ignorance (C)advancements (D)postponements45 (A)essential (B)luxurious (C)dependent (D)occasional請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題：Geriatric medicine is a growing medical specialty that focuses on the care and treatment of older people. Older ageinvolves a distinct set of challenges. Many older people are living with multiple long-term conditions and are much morevulnerable to a range of problems. Your reactions to medication also change in older age. A geriatrician is a specialistwhen it comes to how different conditions interact with one another, how various medications will affect you, and howto spot the signs of potential problems such as vulnerability to falls.Geriatricians see patients with a wide range of common conditions, most of which are chronic disease such asdiabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, dementia, and even depression. Geriatricians work alongside differentspecialties to plan and coordinate patients’ care. They can work in many different medical settings, but are mainly basedin hospital outpatient wards like GP visits.One of the key roles a geriatrician plays is in carrying out a comprehensive medical assessment. When you go tothe GP (general practitioner), you might have a number of complaints, not all of which can necessarily be addressed fully.A geriatrician’s job is to work out the most important problems you face, including those you haven’t identified yourself,and to put together a program of individualized care. A geriatrician’s work is a complex balancing act, and listening toyour priorities and the things that are most important for you in life is a key part of the role.Geriatricians are also important when planning your care after an operation or accident. They will work withclinicians as well as social care staff to plan your care and help you maintain your independence. Geriatricians are alsotrained to talk to patients towards the end of their life and help them make appropriate plans. This can include setting outtreatment preferences in advance and planning care at the very end of life.

What is this passage mainly about? (A)People should forget childish dreams. (B)Dream jobs are worth pursuing at any age. (C)Traditional jobs are better than dream jobs. (D)It’s important to know the job market trends.

What would be the best title for the passage? (A)What We Should Do When Dehydrated. (B)The Ways Water Leaves Our Bodies. (C)Regulation of Blood Pressure. (D)When Our Bodies Lack Water.

What is the main idea of this passage? (A)The revolution in medicine to lengthen lives. (B)The introduction of a medical specialty. (C)The new perspective on modern medicine. (D)The importance of preventive health care.

What is the tone of the passage? (A)Sad and regretful. (B)Sarcastic and bitter. (C)Serious and professional. (D)Light-hearted and humorous.

Which of the following is NOT a symptom caused by a body water loss of 2%? (A)Slower heart rate. (B)Darker colored urine. (C)Higher body temperature. (D)Slower blood flow.

Which of the following can best describe the tone of the passage? (A)Sarcastic. (B)Factual. (C)Pessimistic. (D)Hilarious.

What is the purpose of the phrase “too much coffee” in the first paragraph? (A)To show that the writer enjoys drinking coffee. (B)To suggest that adults need coffee to stay awake. (C)To amusingly show how stressful adult life can be. (D)To promote habits that support a healthy work life.

According to the passage, which of the following is similar in meaning to the word “lethal”? (A)Faint. (B)Fluid. (C)Deadly. (D)Darkening.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a geriatrician’s treatment? (A)Taking care of a wide range of chronic diseases for the elderly. (B)Making comprehensive evaluations about the patient’s life. (C)Providing psychological consults to patients who may or will die. (D)Performing operations for the elderly people who fall.

Why does the author mention banning pineapple on pizza? (A)To discuss food culture. (B)To compliment weird food choices. (C)To show game designers’ creativity. (D)To discriminate common food arguments.

What will our cells become when we lose water 4% of body weight? (A)Smaller. (B)Larger. (C)Active. (D)Thicker.

According to the passage, which of the following statements about a geriatrician is NOT true? (A)A geriatrician usually works alone in a clinic. (B)A geriatrician should be a good adviser and listener. (C)A geriatrician needs integration ability to treat his patients. (D)A geriatrician will deal with problems according to the priority.

According to the passage, which of the following is true about dream jobs? (A)They have the potential to offer joy and freedom. (B)They require less imagination and creativity. (C)They guarantee stable and safe revenue. (D)They are disappearing in modern times.

What stage is it when kidneys are damaged because of dehydration? (A)Stage 1. (B)Stage 2. (C)Stage 3. (D)Stage 4.

Which of the following can we infer from the passage? (A)Geriatric medicine is not necessary in those countries with fewer elderly people. (B)Geriatric medicine may play a very important role in aging societies. (C)Geriatricians are not specialists; they are caregivers to the elderly. (D)Geriatricians focus on the treatment of elderly physical health.