退除役軍人轉任 102 年法學知識與英文考古題

依據憲法本文規定，下列何者間之關係應本協調合作原則？ (A)地主與佃農 (B)勞資雙方 (C)執政黨與在野黨 (D)中央與地方

下列何者受憲法明定不得連任？ (A)總統 (B)立法委員 (C)監察委員 (D)司法院大法官

依總統副總統選舉罷免法之規定，有關總統副總統罷免之敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A)罷免案之投票，中央選舉委員會應於收到立法院移送之罷免理由書及答辯書次日起60 日內為之 (B)罷免案之投票，不得與各類選舉之投票同時舉行 (C)總統、副總統之罷免案，皆應聯名為之 (D)罷免票應在票上刊印同意罷免、不同意罷免二欄

依憲法增修條文之規定，經濟及科學技術之發展，應與何者兼籌並顧？ (A)工業及商業發展 (B)環境及生態保護 (C)文化及教育發展 (D)少數民族之保護

刑事訴訟法規定，羈押之被告僅得向原法院聲請撤銷或變更該處分，不得提起抗告，係限制被告之何種基本權利？ (A)請願權 (B)訴願權 (C)訴訟權 (D)復審權

依憲法增修條文之規定，下列何者應優先編列？ (A)社會救助與國民就業等救濟性支出 (B)醫療保健與福利服務等服務性支出 (C)福利服務與國民就業等福利性支出 (D)社會保險與醫療保健等保險性支出

監督寺廟條例規定特定寺廟處分或變更其不動產應經所屬教會之決議，並呈請該管官署許可，涉及下列何種基本權利之限制？ (A)集會自由及財產權 (B)宗教自由及財產權 (C)宗教自由及人格權 (D)人格權及人性尊嚴

國家對於公營金融機構之管理，應本： (A)干預原則 (B)企業化經營之原則 (C)扶助原則 (D)積極鼓勵原則

非政黨推薦者，必須依連署方式始得申請登記為總統、副總統候選人，並應繳交連署保證金新臺幣100 萬元之規定，依司法院解釋，下列何者正確？ (A)相較於依政黨推薦方式申請登記為總統、副總統候選人者無須連署及繳交連署保證金之規定，顯與憲法平等原則有違 (B)此已侵害憲法第45 條規定之總統、副總統被選舉權 (C)此為防止人民任意參選，耗費社會資源，在合理範圍內所為之適當規範，尚難認為對總統、副總統之被選舉權為不必要之限制 (D)強制被選舉人先行負擔鉅額之連署費用，係對總統、副總統被選舉權之不當限制，與憲法第23 條有所違背

依我國憲法第172 條之規定，命令與憲法或法律牴觸者無效，下列何者係屬於此處所稱「命令」性質之法規範？ (A)海商法 (B)公寓大廈管理條例 (C)公平交易法施行細則 (D)地方稅法通則

徵兵機關就役男之體位判定，依司法院解釋，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)此屬醫師依專門知識就役男體格之技術性判斷，除其判定之程序違法外，不應作為司法審查之標的 (B)此對役男在憲法上之權益有重大影響，得依法提起訴願及行政訴訟 (C)「體位判定」尚不直接決定役男之服役或軍種，對役男尚未發生法律效果 (D)役男之體位判定非屬對役男在憲法上權益之重大影響，故不得聲請釋憲

依據憲法增修條文之規定，領土變更案應由何者複決？ (A)司法院 (B)立法院 (C)公民投票 (D)行政院

依司法院解釋，法律規定人民入出境應經主管機關許可，否則予以刑罰制裁，係違反下列何種原則？ (A)平等原則 (B)比例原則 (C)誠信原則 (D)法律保留原則

依憲法增修條文第5 條之規定，下列有關大法官任期之敘述，何者正確？ (A)大法官之任期，依其屆次，統一計算 (B)大法官之任期，不分屆次，個別計算 (C)大法官之任期，原則上依其屆次，統一計算，惟至少6 年 (D)大法官之任期，由總統依個案定之

下列對於憲法上人民權利之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)私法人在權利性質許可範圍內，亦享有憲法上之權利保障 (B)憲法之所以保障集會自由，主要在保障集體之言論表現自由 (C)外國人亦得享有生存權之保障 (D)憲法第8 條保障之人身自由，主要係保障人民之居住遷徙自由

依司法院解釋，人民「接近使用傳播媒體」之權利，應在兼顧傳播媒體何種自由之原則下，予以尊重，並應以法律定之？ (A)發行自由 (B)營業自由 (C)契約自由 (D)編輯自由

立法院至少得經多少立法委員之提議，於院會決議後，由程序委員會排定議程，就國家大政方針，聽取總統國情報告？ (A)全體立法委員二分之一 (B)全體立法委員三分之一 (C)全體立法委員四分之一 (D)全體立法委員五分之一

一般認為學術自由是屬於憲法所保障何種權利之保護範圍？ (A)言論自由 (B)講學自由 (C)著作自由 (D)出版自由

關於憲法第108 條所規定，屬於中央立法並執行，或交由省縣執行之各款事項中，何者已因憲法增修條文第9 條第1 項之規定，而無實際之立法及執行？ (A)移民及墾殖 (B)省縣自治通則 (C)全國戶口調查及統計 (D)行政區劃

下列關於憲法第7 條平等原則之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)得因事物本質不同而為差別待遇 (B)旨在保障實質之平等 (C)僅適用於保障人民合法權利之情形 (D)僅對國家之公法行為有拘束力

有關我國憲法前言之敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A)司法院在釋字第3 號曾援引憲法前言之國父遺教，作為理論依據 (B)憲法前言指出：立法院受全體國民之付託，制定本憲法 (C)憲法前言指出：為鞏固國權，保障民權，制定本憲法 (D)憲法前言指出：為奠定社會安寧，增進人民福利，制定本憲法

依憲法增修條文第3 條第3 項規定，國家機關之組織、設立程序及總員額，得以下列何者為準則性規定？ (A)命令 (B)法律 (C)緊急命令 (D)臨時條款

憲法法庭審理政黨違憲解散案件之程序，除法律另有規定外，原則上準用下列何者之規定？ (A)民事訴訟法 (B)刑事訴訟法 (C)行政訴訟法 (D)行政程序法

立法院對行政院院長提出不信任案，為下列何種制度之特徵？ (A)內閣制 (B)總統制 (C)委員制 (D)兩黨制

司法院接受人民聲請憲法解釋案件，應先推定大法官幾人審查？ (A)2 人 (B)3 人 (C)4 人 (D)5 人

憲法第154 條規定勞資雙方應本何種原則發展生產事業？ (A)促進經濟成長 (B)協調合作 (C)確保生產進度 (D)以勞工權益優先

審計長應於行政院提出決算後最遲幾個月內，依法完成其審核，並提出審核報告於立法院？ (A)1 個月 (B)2 個月 (C)3 個月 (D)6 個月

下列何種人民之基本權利保障，非經修憲，不得予以變更之？ (A)公務人員考試資格 (B)因宗教信仰因素申請服替代役 (C)因犯罪嫌疑被逮捕拘禁，至遲於24 小時內移送該管法院審問 (D)人民取得專門職業及技術人員資格之程序

依憲法增修條文之規定，行政院向立法院提出之覆議案，經全體立法委員二分之一以上決議維持原案時，行政院院長： (A)得呈請總統解散立法院 (B)應即辭職 (C)應即接受該決議 (D)應到立法院作施政報告

司法院釋字第443 號解釋認為，內政部「役男出境處理辦法」限制役男之出境自由，係侵犯何種基本人權？ (A)人身自由 (B)集會自由 (C)言論自由 (D)遷徙自由

下列何種情形違反性別工作平等法之規定？ (A)雇主於受僱者之配偶分娩時，給予無薪資之陪產假3 日 (B)僱用受僱者30 人以上之雇主，應訂定性騷擾防治措施、申訴及懲戒辦法 (C)雇主允許受僱於僱用30 人以上雇主之受僱人，為撫育未滿3 歲之子女，得請求調整工作時間 (D)僱用受僱者250 人以上之雇主，應設置托兒設施

依性別工作平等法之規定，下列何者限於有配偶之受僱者始有適用？ (A)產假 (B)陪產假 (C)家庭照顧假 (D)育嬰留職停薪

下列關於勞工工作年資之計算，何者錯誤？ (A)勞工因遭遇職業災害之醫療期間，雇主不得終止契約，但職業災害醫療期間之年資，應予扣除，不得併計 (B)定期契約屆滿後或不定期契約因故停止履行後，未滿3 個月而訂定新約或繼續履行原約時，勞工前後工作年資，應合併計算 (C)勞工工作年資以服務同一事業者為限，但受同一雇主調動之工作年資，應予併計 (D)事業單位改組或轉讓時，由新舊雇主商定留用之勞工，其工作年資應由新雇主繼續予以承認

依中央法規標準法第13 條規定，如果法律未特別規定施行日，僅規定公布日施行者，該法律何時發生效力？ (A)自公布之日起發生效力 (B)自公布翌日起發生效力 (C)自公布翌日起算至第3 日起發生效力 (D)自公布之日起算至第3 日起發生效力

下列關於股份有限公司股東表決權之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)普通股股東為一股一表決權 (B)公司持有自己的股份無表決權 (C)相互投資公司所得行使之表決權，不得超過被投資公司已發行有表決權股份總數的三分之一 (D)被持有已發行有表決權之股份總數或資本總額超過半數之從屬公司持有控制公司之股份，得行使表決權

關於有權解釋種類之敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A)立法解釋 (B)學說解釋 (C)行政解釋 (D)司法解釋

甲公司係提供瘦身產品及服務之企業，乙慕名而來並加入會員。一日，乙在使用運動器材時，因鍊條鬆脫導致鉛塊掉落砸傷經過乙身旁的會員丙。經查，該鍊條鬆脫係因丁製造商設計瑕疵所致。下列敘述，何者正確？ (A)因為是丁製造商的產品有瑕疵，所以丙不得向甲公司求償 (B)因為丙是甲公司的會員，所以丙僅得向甲公司求償 (C)因為器材是乙使用過程中發生的問題，所以丙僅得向乙求償 (D)甲公司與丁製造商都是企業經營者，故丙可以向甲公司、也可以向丁製造商求償

為興建科學園區而徵收農民之土地，直接限制了人民那一種基本權？ (A)平等權 (B)財產權 (C)隱私權 (D)訴訟權

甲先犯重傷害罪，一個月後又犯過失致人於死罪。重傷害罪經法院宣告判處有期徒刑5 年6 月，過失致死罪宣告判處2 年有期徒刑，兩罪為數罪併罰。試問法官定應執行刑時，所定之下列那一個應執行刑違反刑法第51 條規定？ (A)5 年有期徒刑 (B)5 年8 月有期徒刑 (C)6 年有期徒刑 (D)7 年2 月有期徒刑

下列何種職位之產生，憲法增修條文並未改變了憲法本文之規定？ (A)監察委員 (B)立法院院長 (C)司法院大法官 (D)行政院院長

下列有關撤銷身分行為之敘述，何者正確？ (A)收養子女未得配偶之同意者，該配偶有撤銷權 (B)因被詐欺或脅迫而為結婚之當事人，雙方當事人皆有撤銷權 (C)未成年子女於懷胎後未經父母同意而結婚時，其父母有撤銷權 (D)生父因被詐欺而認領有血緣連絡之非婚生子女者，生父有撤銷權

甲夫乙妻欲收養A，下列何種情形法院不得認可？ (A)A 為甲之孫 (B)A 為乙之妹之媳婦 (C)A 為甲之兄之子 (D)A 為乙之弟之女

寄發黑函之行為，有可能涉及誣告罪，依最高法院之見解，下列有關誣告罪之敘述，何者正確？ (A)無告訴權人所為之誣告，不構成誣告罪 (B)一狀誣告數人，僅成立一個誣告罪 (C)誣告內容是否真實，應以行為人之主觀記憶作為判斷標準 (D)誣告尚未達到該管公務員，應論以誣告罪未遂罰之

債務人怠於行使其權利時，債權人因保全債權，得以自己之名義，行使其權利。此種權利稱為： (A)管理權 (B)代理權 (C)代償權 (D)代位權

有關占有之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)占有不得為侵權行為之客體 (B)善意占有人是無權占有 (C)典權人占有典物，是自主占有 (D)受僱人受僱用人指示而占有其物時，受僱人是直接占有人

甲機關欲建造之高架道路，會經過乙之A 地上空30 公尺至50 公尺處。甲對A 地應取得下列何種權利？ (A)不動產役權 (B)普通地上權 (C)區分地上權 (D)區分所有權

下列關於代理的敘述，何者正確？ (A)代理人為限制行為能力人者，其所為或所受之意思表示，視為其法定代理人所為或所受之意思表示 (B)代理權經限制或撤回者，對於因過失而不知其事實的第三人，本人就其已經限制或撤回的部分，不負授權人之責任 (C)原則上，代理權於其所由授與之法律關係存續中，不得撤回之 (D)代理權消滅或撤回時，代理人得保留原授權書

中華民國人民在中華民國領域外犯下列何罪，不適用中華民國刑法？ (A)偽造貨幣罪 (B)製造一級毒品罪 (C)詐欺罪 (D)內亂罪

依司法院解釋，下列何者違反法律保留原則？ (A)最高行政法院庭長法官聯席會議將簡易訴訟程序之訴訟標的金額提高 (B)公務人員曾任公營事業人員者，其服務於公營事業之期間，得否併入公務人員退休金年資，由授權命令定之 (C)因法無明文，內政部以「自耕能力證明書之申請及核發注意事項」規定學生不得申請自耕能力證明書 (D)因法無明文，公務人員保險金請求權，應類推適用公務人員退休法關於退休金請求權消滅時效期間之規定

作為公務員職務之對價，下列何者為「不正利益」？ (A)現金 (B)金銀珠寶 (C)債務免除 (D)豪宅一棟

下列那一個情形中，行政機關基於信賴保護原則而應給予人民合理之補償？ (A)行政機關基於人民提出不完整之文件，認定其具有中低收入戶資格，嗣後經查證而撤銷中低收入戶之資格認定 (B)人民因於食品中添加塑化劑，並拒絕行政機關之抽查，行政機關依食品衛生管理法之規定廢止其營業執照 (C)行政機關發現領有營業小客車執業登記證之人民，曾吸食毒品經判刑確定，依法不得登記，撤銷其登記證 (D)行政機關核發人民加油站之建造執照，後因該加油站距離醫院過近，基於公共安全之考量而廢止建造執照

甲欲購買筆記型電腦，於參訪乙電腦公司網站提供之品牌、機種及性能等資訊後，經閱讀定型化契約並按下確認鍵，以完成雙方交易。試問甲與乙電腦公司成立下列何種法律關係？ (A)訪問買賣 (B)郵購買賣 (C)分期付款買賣 (D)拍賣

動物保護法第19 條第3 項規定：「前項寵物之登記程序、期限、絕育獎勵與其他應遵行事項及標識管理辦法，由中央主管機關定之。」中央主管機關基於本項規定，應進行一定程序，以訂定管理辦法。下列關於人民參與管理辦法訂定程序之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)人民應信任中央主管機關具有研擬草案之專業，不得自行提議 (B)人民可由政府公報或新聞紙中，獲悉中央主管機關研擬之草案 (C)中央主管機關得視情形舉行聽證，人民可參與聽證程序，表達其意見 (D)中央主管機關如未舉行聽證程序，人民亦得向指定之機關陳述其意見

下列關於著作權合理使用原則之敘述，何者正確？ (A)合理使用原則適用於限制著作人格權與著作財產權 (B)符合合理使用之利用行為，無須得權利人之同意，即屬合法行為 (C)合理使用原則僅須考慮利用結果是否影響系爭著作之潛在市場與現在價值 (D)非營利行為對於系爭著作價值之影響不大，所以均符合合理使用原則

民法第1 條規定：「民事，法律所未規定者，依習慣；無習慣者，依法理。」本條可以視為下列何種法學思想的實踐？ (A)概念法學 (B)機械法學 (C)契約自由 (D)自由法運動

被保險人參加勞工保險，被裁減資遣而自願繼續參加勞工保險者，得由原投保單位為其辦理參加普通事故保險，至符合請領老年給付之日止。但其年資必須合計滿幾年？ (A)10 年 (B)12 年 (C)15 年 (D)20 年

現行社會秩序維護法關於從事性交易的處罰，何者說明錯誤？ (A)處罰對象為從事性交易的雙方 (B)於地方政府所設之性交易專區之內，得合法從事性交易 (C)性交易場所未依法辦理登記、領有執照，不得經營 (D)違法從事性交易之行為，除科處罰鍰外，尚可處3 日以下拘留

目前的中華民國刑法主要繼受自那個法系？ (A)中華法系 (B)歐陸法系 (C)南亞法系 (D)普通法系

原社會秩序維護法第80 條有關意圖得利與人姦、宿者，應處罰鍰之規定，遭司法院大法官宣告違憲之原因為何？ (A)對性交易之處罰過重，違反比例原則 (B)僅對從事性交易一方處罰，違反平等原則 (C)無法律依據即處罰從事性交易之行為，違反法律保留原則 (D)剝奪人民從事性交易營生機會，侵害工作權

下列那一國家係採英美法系？ (A)澳大利亞 (B)奧地利 (C)日本 (D)巴西

When young people travel, many of them would choose to stay at a youth hostel, a cheap where ten or morepeople sleep in one room. (A)accommodation (B)compliance (C)furnishing (D)installation

Harry carries a box everywhere. I am about what is in the box. (A)eager (B)jealous (C)obvious (D)curious

If you must ride your bicycle at night, you need to wear light or bright-colored clothing to increase your tooncoming traffic. (A)perception (B)visibility (C)recognition (D)sensitivity

My doctor a new and healthy diet for me as I had suffered from eating junk foods for years. (A)exercised (B)governed (C)reduced (D)recommended

Randall & Hopkirk (Deceased) is a British television series about two private detectives, one alive, one dead,played by comedians Vic Reeves and Bob Mortimer. (A)rightfully (B)privately (C)personally (D)respectively

These sentences in your writing are . You just kept repeating and rephrasing the same message. (A)anonymous (B)eloquent (C)indispensable (D)redundant

It has become a tradition for this company to ten percent of its annual profits to charities or organizationsthat help people in need. (A)allocate (B)constitute (C)dispatch (D)establish

The bullet-proof vests were to the policemen who were assigned to arrest the escaped convict. (A)endowed (B)distributed (C)obtained (D)equipped

Flaubert was extremely : by the age of sixteen he was writing stories in the romantic taste, which werepublished only after his death. (A)critical (B)immature (C)precocious (D)theoretical

Work hard, you can earn more money to support your family. (A)but (B)or (C)and (D)than

Being entirely by land and with no access to the ocean, the country cannot easily transport its products toother countries. (A)enclosed (B)manipulated (C)polarized (D)refilled

Cindy: Susan, would you like some more rice noodles?Susan:Cindy: Here you are.Susan: Thanks a lot. It’s very kind of you. (A)No, thanks. They look very delicious. (B)Thank you. I’m stuffed. (C)Yes, please. They are really very delicious. (D)Thanks. But I really can’t.

Most people living in the suburbs take the train to their offices in the city every day. (A)commuter (B)freight (C)stationary (D)voyage請依下文回答第38 題至第42 題At the start of the Dark Ages, there were no galaxies, no stars, and no planets. Even if there had been, wewould not be able to spot them. That is because hydrogen-gas clouds are nearly opaque to 38 light. Noordinary 39 will ever be able to see what happened afterward. 40 somehow the matter that started as asea of individual atoms managed to transform itself into something more. So back in the early 1990s, Avi Loebat Harvard University began lobbying theorists to make a major push to 41 through computer simulationshow the first stars formed. The plan was to 42 the young universe digitally, plug in equations for therelevant physics, and see what must have happened.

Mary: What do you usually do on your day off, John?John: Well, I always get up very early, around 5 o’clock. And I lift weights for an hour.Mary:John: No, and then I usually jog for about two hours. (A)I don’t believe you! (B)You’re kidding! (C)I like to do that, too! (D)You are so energetic!請依下文回答第38 題至第42 題Few would deny that what we see in the media affects the way we think and act. Advertisers know this 38 anyoneelse, paying millions of dollars every year to sell their products. For 39 time television advertising in the UnitedStates, companies pay up to two million dollars for a single forty-second advertisement. In that short time, a companyexpects to influence enough buyers both to 40 the cost of the ad itself, and to make a profit from the ad.In the competition for audience attention, advertisers will do almost anything they can think of to sell their products.A common 41 in commercial advertising is to tie the advertised product to sex or glamour, even when these featuresdo not 42 relate to the product. How many times have we seen a pretty woman selling a car? Other ads may makeexaggerated claims about the effectiveness of their products.

(A)visible (B)visionary (C)visionless (D)visual

(A)sooner than (B)better than (C)more or less as (D)not far from

(A)microscope (B)stethoscope (C)stereoscope (D)telescope

(A)modern (B)prime (C)marginal (D)leisure

(A)Yet (B)Likely (C)Again (D)Perhaps

(A)spend (B)deliver (C)take (D)cover

(A)induce (B)deduce (C)reduce (D)seduce

(A)flaw (B)issue (C)cost (D)tactic

(A)re-design (B)re-deliver (C)re-cover (D)re-create

(A)directly (B)hardly (C)consequently (D)vaguely請依下文回答第43 題至第46 題Researchers in a new field of science called chronobiology are studying the body’s natural rhythms, or patterns, tofind out just what makes people sleepy. Chronobiologists have learned that a person’s temperature, blood pressure, andhormone levels go up and down in a regular pattern that repeats itself every twenty-four hours. The daily cycle of bodytemperature affects how a person feels at different times during the day. For most people, body temperature begins todrop in the early evening. This slows other bodily functions and makes you feel drowsy. Around daybreak, bodytemperature rises and you begin to feel more alert.Many chronobiologists now think that the time of day a person gets drug treatment for cancer affects the success oftreatment. Other studies are revealing that we do different types of work better at different times of the day. Physicalcoordination, for example, peaks during the afternoon. And some studies show that eight to nine hours of sleep everynight might not be necessary. Frequent naps might work just as well or even better. Findings such as these are helpingpeople to organize their lives so that they work with their natural rhythms rather than against them.

Fashion has always been demonized by moralists, and often represented as a threat to pre-existing models ofdecorum, gender definitions, and the boundaries between them. (A)Fashion, viewed by moralists as a social evil, is believed to represent pre-existing behavior models and genderroles in the society. (B)Fashion is a threat to established models of good manners and gender roles which have long been criticized bymoralists. (C)Moralists have always criticized fashion for its potential to destroy new decorum models and gender roles. (D)Moralists have long viewed fashion as an evil that threatens good behavior and clearly-defined gender roles inthe society.

What do chronobiologists study? (A)The best time for people to get treatment. (B)How our body reacts to temperature. (C)How our body works and why people feel sleepy. (D)Efficient ways to improve our health.

Making a good first impression begins with a conscious decision to put your best foot forward. And then, wheneverpossible, you must make the effort to live up to that impression. (A)Living up to the first impression is easier once the best foot is put forward. (B)It is possible to put your best foot forward every time by remaining conscious. (C)It is just as important to make a good first impression as to maintain it at all times. (D)The first impression of someone cannot be changed unless it is done with a conscious effort.

Which of the following statements is true? (A)Body temperature varies from day to day. (B)When body temperature decreases, our energy level also goes down. (C)The change of temperature has little to do with our bodily functions. (D)For most people, body temperature drops to the lowest in the early morning.

Officials across the country have been busying themselves with what until three or four years ago would have beenan unthinkable task: persuading migrants to stay. (A)All officials of the country have been busy with a vital task they should have done three years ago: persuadingmigrants to stay. (B)Officials of the country have been busy persuading migrants to stay, which would have been unthinkable three orfour years ago. (C)Not until three or four years ago did the officials across the country think of the remarkable task: persuadingmigrants to stay. (D)Officials of the country have been trying hard to ask migrants to stay, which won’t be done until three or fouryears from now.

What does the word “drowsy” mean? (A)Sober (B)Vigorous (C)Hungry (D)Sleepy

The only way to prevent e-waste from flooding our cities is to carve a new and more responsible direction for it toflow in. (A)To design a more reliable new way to store e-waste is the only solution to prevent our cities from beingsabotaged by it. (B)A more reliable new method to solve the problem of e-waste is the only way for our cities to avoid beingflooded. (C)In order to stop the circulation of e-waste, innovated and clear instructions are needed in our cities. (D)Prevention of e-waste in our flooded cities is the only way to a new and more reliable instruction.編號第47 題至第50 題為篇章結構，各題請依文意，從四個選項中選出最合適者，各題答案內容不重複。Conditions in which people live vary from place to place. That is, we all live and grow up in differentenvironments. 47 These kinds of differences—and of course, similarities—are studied by cross-culturalpsychology. 48 It also explores the ways in which particular human activities are influenced by different,sometimes dissimilar, social and cultural forces.49 It also establishes psychological universals, that is, phenomena common for people in several,many, or perhaps all cultures. In general, human personality traits are relatively enduring patterns of thinking,feeling, and acting. 50 For example, it was found that the same composition of personality is common inpeople in various countries such as Germany, Portugal, Israel, China, Korea, and Japan. These universal traitsinclude neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.

What advice will a chronobiologist give to doctors? (A)Studying their patients’ body patterns before giving drug treatment. (B)Sufficient sleep has a better healing effect than drugs. (C)Taking a nap before prescribing drugs. (D)Treatment carried out around daybreak is usually more effective.請依下文回答第47 題至第50 題Many single-child parents face a dilemma: whether or not to have a second child. Because there are no otherchildren in the family for an only child to associate with, he or she might feel lonely at times. Besides, it is often reportedthat an only child may be more spoiled than one with siblings. A single child will not easily learn to negotiate with others,leaving the child less capable of interacting well with people his or her own age.However, for some single-child parents, particularly those with busy careers, the pressures of devoting time andenergy to a second child can seem too overwhelming. For other parents, the financial burden of having a second childmay be the prime consideration.Advocates of single-child families argue that there are advantages for both the child and the parents. With just onechild, there is less potential for family arguments arising from favoritism. Moreover, the parents can give, and the childcan receive, more quality time and attention. This often leads to increased self-esteem and confidence.Unfortunately, there is no simple answer to the question. The circumstances affecting each set of parents are unique,and what is appropriate for one family may not be for another.

(A)Cross-cultural psychology cares not only about differences between cultural groups. (B)Cross-cultural psychology researchers draw their conclusions from at least two samples representing two culturalgroups. (C)Human actions and mental sets may also fluctuate from group to group. (D)In particular, cross-cultural psychology examines the linkages between cultural norms and behavior.

What is this passage mainly about? (A)The challenges parents face in child-raising. (B)The pros and cons of having a second child. (C)Parents’ roles in children’s development. (D)The growing concern about the declining birthrate.

(A)Cross-cultural psychology involves more than a single observation made by a psychotherapist. (B)Human actions and mental sets may also fluctuate from group to group. (C)Cross-cultural psychology researchers draw their conclusions from at least two samples representing two culturalgroups. (D)In particular, cross-cultural psychology examines the linkages between cultural norms and behavior.

Which of the following is NOT a reason why parents do not want a second child? (A)They have demanding jobs. (B)They have low self-esteem. (C)They have a heavy economic burden. (D)They don’t have enough time and energy.

(A)Perhaps the structure of human personality is one of such universals. (B)Cross-cultural psychology cares not only about differences between cultural groups. (C)Cross-cultural psychology involves more than a single observation made by a psychotherapist. (D)Human actions and mental sets may also fluctuate from group to group.

Based on the passage, what would the writer probably agree on? (A)An only child is a naughty child. (B)Parents should have at least two children. (C)To have a second child or not is not a simple decision to be made. (D)Career women can afford to raise a second child.

(A)Perhaps the structure of human personality is one of such universals. (B)Cross-cultural psychology cares not only about differences between cultural groups. (C)Cross-cultural psychology researchers draw their conclusions from at least two samples representing two culturalgroups. (D)In particular, cross-cultural psychology examines the linkages between cultural norms and behavior.

What does the word “sibling” mean in the first paragraph? (A)A brother or sister (B)A father or mother (C)A nephew or niece (D)An uncle or aunt