經建行政 104 年中華民國憲法與英文考古題

In the garden, soil preparation must aim to reduce, not increase, fertility. A rich soil soon becomes home to ______weeds which smother less competitive, more attractive plants. (A)ramming (B)compatible (C)comprehensive (D)rampant

Frida produced her first painting and ______ it to her school boyfriend. (A)dictated (B)dedicated (C)dwelled (D)domesticated

An international group of forty scientists have made a very surprising ______ about the future. They say that inthe next fifty years we can upload our minds to the computer. (A)prediction (B)preoccupation (C)prevention (D)precept請依下文回答第4 題至第8 題What really makes people rich? Poor people often take in humble food and work with their hands orperform 4 labor, which keeps them in good health. Affordable clothes may look and feel just as goodas 5 expensive ones. On the contrary, rich people often sit at desks for long hours, eat at expensive restaurants,and indulge in exquisite 6 . More expensive clothes and shoes always await those who are never 7 andlove to compete. Are the rich really rich? Are the poor really poor? If you think of wealth in terms of health orhappiness, who is rich and who is poor is not 8 by money.

(A)manual (B)manifest (C)momentum (D)modification

(A)magnetically (B)overpriced (C)underestimated (D)efficiently

(A)delinquencies (B)policies (C)species (D)delicacies

(A)qualified (B)satisfied (C)anticipated (D)rejuvenated

(A)deleted (B)domesticated (C)distracted (D)determined30120、30620請依下文回答第9 題至第13 題Most people will admit that the relations between various ethnic and racial groups is a potential source ofproblems for a culturally diverse society such as the United States. Most 9 people will also agree that prejudiceplays an important role in the misunderstandings, intolerance, and even hostility that may develop and persist betweensuch groups. If our objective is to minimize these problems, one necessary step is to 10 the issue of prejudice.Research has clearly established that prejudice exists and 11 a person expressing a prejudiced view may beunaware that it is in fact biased. An interesting experiment, which is often 12 in educational textbooks, wasconducted in 1973 to determine the potential effects of prejudice on the judgements of future school-teachers. Theresearcher made videotapes of three children speaking to an adult. The camera angle was 13 that the children’sfaces were not visible; however, it was obvious from the tape that the children were speaking and that they wereracially different—one was white; one was African American; the third was Mexican American. A soundtrackcontaining exactly the same conversation in English with the same American voice was added to the tapes. Each tapewas played to one of three groups of student teachers. Their task was to judge the correctness of the speech of the childthey had seen on the videotape.

(A)emotional (B)rational (C)unstable (D)related

(A)address (B)whitewash (C)bury (D)sabotage

(A)such (B)because (C)for (D)that

(A)hidden (B)cited (C)claimed (D)jilted

(A)so (B)such (C)in (D)of第14 題至第17 題為篇章結構，各題請依文意從四個選項中選出最合適者，答案選用不能重複There has been a great deal of research into the art of negotiation, and, in particular, into what makes a “good”negotiator. One point most researchers seem to agree on is that good negotiators try to create a harmonious atmosphereat the start of a negotiation. 14 . Therefore, there may be a willingness on both sides to make concessions. Goodnegotiators generally wish to reach an agreement which meets the interests of both sides in the long run. 15 .Instead of seeking immediate gains, it is more important to ensure that they do not harm their relationship with theother party. Skillful negotiators are flexible. They do not “lock themselves” into a position so that they will lose face ifthey have to compromise. 16 . For example, instead of insisting that they must get a large order only once, theyopt for small orders that may help develop long-term corporation with their partners. Successful negotiators do notwant a negotiation to break down. If problems arise, they suggest ways of resolving them. 17 . Instead of givingup right away, they keep the communication open, select a few arguments and repeat them. This suggests that tenacityis an important quality. Finally, when the deal is done, they confirm it and close it so that both sides feel satisfied.

(A)They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their counterparts. (B)The best negotiators are persuasive, articulate, and persistent on key areas. (C)They therefore tend to take a long-term view to ensure that the agreement will improve. (D)Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.

(A)They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their counter-parts. (B)They therefore tend to take a long-term view to ensure that the agreement will improve. (C)Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties. (D)They have a range of objectives, which allow them to make concessions in view of their long term goal.

(A)The best negotiators are persuasive, articulate, and persistent on key areas. (B)They have a range of objectives, which allow them to make concessions in view of their long term goal. (C)They therefore tend to take a long-term view to ensure that the agreement will improve. (D)Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.30120、30620

(A)They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their counter-parts. (B)The best negotiators are persuasive, articulate, and persistent on key areas. (C)Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties. (D)They have a range of objectives, which allow them to make concessions in view of their long term goal.請依下文回答第18 題至第20 題In 1988, a college dropout named Jonathan Stanley was convinced that government agents were chasing afterhim. For three days and nights he raced through streets and subway tunnels. After the police took him to a hospital, hefinally received effective treatment two years after getting a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. “My son’s life was saved,”his father, Ted Stanley, said. He then created a foundation to support psychiatric research. In July 2014, the StanleyFamily Foundation donated $650 million to Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, a research center to which he hadearlier donated $100 million. It comes at a time when research into mental illness is sputtering. The Broad Institutetimed its announcement of the donation to coincide with the release of the largest analysis ever on the genetics ofschizophrenia. The analysis identified more than 100 regions of DNA associated with the disease. Many contain genesinvolved in just a few biological functions, like pumping calcium into neurons that could help guide the search fortreatments. “For the first time, there’s a clear path forward,” said Eric Lander of the Broad Institute. When scientistsdiscovered psychiatric drugs like lithium in the mid-20th century, they did so mostly by accident. For years, theyhoped figuring out the action of the drugs would help them understand the causes of the diseases. But they came upempty. Some researchers argued that a better strategy would be to find the genes involved in psychiatric disorders.This approach would give them new molecular targets for drugs they could test. Recent research has found thatmutations in the very same gene can cause a wide range of brain disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, andepilepsy. “We have no idea at all about why that is, and the only way to find out is to do some hard biology – to findout not only which genes matter, but what about them matters,” Dr. Goldstein said. The new study found that manyrisk variants clustered around specific body functions, like the immune system and calcium transmission in brain cells.To understand their underlying biology, Broad researchers plan to grow neurons with mutations in the genes they havefound, to see how they differ from normal cells. They will engineer mutated mice to see how their brains are affected.These studies will be expensive, which is where the Stanley Family Foundation comes in.

According to the passage, why did Mr. Ted Stanley want to support psychiatric research? (A)His son received effective treatment and recovered. (B)He feared that he would have psychiatric disorder. (C)His son had a nonfunctioning brain for the rest of his life. (D)He feared that there was a government conspiracy involved.

According to the passage, what of the following is a better strategy to treat psychiatric diseases? (A)To find the real signals. (B)To find the way to pump calcium into the neurons. (C)To find the specific body functions. (D)To find the genes involved in psychiatric disorders.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? (A)The donation coincides with the release of the largest analysis ever on the genetics of schizophrenia. (B)The Stanley Family Foundation donated to Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard for just one time. (C)The analysis identified more than 100 regions of DNA associated with schizophrenia. (D)When scientists discovered psychiatric drugs like lithium in the mid-20th century, they did so mostly by accident.30120、30620請依下文回答第21 題至第25 題When it comes to construction, builders, even in these technologically advanced times, are often left with threemain materials—concrete, steel, and bricks. But some innovative designers are increasingly looking to reuse anunlikely material that the world has in abundance—plastic bottles. Would you live in a bottle building? Before youanswer, have a look at the many advantages these structures have.First and foremost, bottle buildings are low-cost—just think about how little a plastic bottle costs, and you’ll getthe idea. They are also quite strong and sturdy, as they can bear a heavy load and may resist earthquakes. Bottles alsoallow natural light into the structure, reducing energy consumption while creating a warm, inviting interior atmosphere.In Taiwan, where just four percent of plastic bottles are recycled each year, the EcoARK building was built inTaipei using an astonishing 1.5 million plastic bottles. This building was used as an exhibition hall during the 2010Taipei International Flora Expo, and served as a reminder that, as Taiwan goes through 2.4 billion plastic bottlesannually, we must find a way to recycle or reuse them before they present a huge environmental problem.In the city of San Pablo in the Philippines, dozens of volunteers built a school from plastic bottles filled withliquefied adobe. This could be the start of a new trend in which plastic bottles become the new environmentallyfriendly material of choice for buildings of the future.

What is the literal meaning of the underlined idiom in the first paragraph? (A)to expect or hope (B)to examine or inspect (C)to classify (D)to act or respond quickly

What is the main message of the EcoARK building? (A)Plastic bottles are the best construction material. (B)Some common household items can be effectively reused. (C)People in Taiwan should buy only metal cans from convenience stores. (D)Although they are quite expensive, plastic buildings can be beautiful.

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for using plastic bottles for construction? (A)They allow more natural light into buildings. (B)They are inexpensive compared to other materials. (C)They can be recycled annually. (D)They do not get damaged easily during natural disasters.

What does the Philippine example suggest? (A)It will likely cause nations in Asia to outlaw plastic bottle buildings. (B)It should have a major effect on construction projects for corporations. (C)It will probably cause other nations to consider building more schools. (D)It may make bottles the top material for environmentally friendly buildings.

What is the best title for this passage? (A)The EcoARK building in Taiwan (B)Building with Bottles (C)Recycling Trash (D)Builders of the Philippines