衛生行政 92 年生物統計學考古題

調查320 家有5 個小孩的家庭得其男孩、女孩分配如下表，試問此結果是否與假設 〝男孩女孩出生可能相等〞一致？（20 分） 人數 5 男 0 女 4 男 1 女 3 男 2 女 2 男 3 女 1 男 4 女 0 男 5 女 總計 家庭數 18 56 110 88 40 8 320

欲比較三種降血壓的葯，有782 位高血壓病人分別被分到這三個不同的治療組，經 過6 個月治療後，各組的降血壓情況如下表所示：（20 分） 葯品別 使用人數 使用後平均降血壓量 樣本平均之標準差 A 葯 261 12.1 7.9 B 葯 264 13.5 8.2 C 葯 257 9.8 8.3 由此資料完成下列之ANOVA Table，並用適當檢定這三組葯效有否不同？（請將 甲－庚之標準答案依序於試卷上作答，作答於本試題者，不予計分。）（各2 分） Source of variation Degrees of freedom Sum of squares Mean square F ratio Among group （甲） SSA:（丙） MSA:（戊） （庚） Within group （乙） SSW:（丁） MSW:（己） W MS 可用來估計什麼？（6 分）

何謂無母數測驗法，請說明其統計原理。又那些資料宜考慮使用無母數方法？（20 分）

簡答：以（ 1 X - 2 X ）檢定二個母群體之平均值（μ1 及μ2）差別是否顯著時，若P ＞α，則接受虛無假設。研究者並聲稱兩個母群體之平均值相等，如此之結論是否 嚴謹？請評論之。（20 分）

就200 名學生，舉行X 及Y 二種考試結果，得Y 對X 的迴歸直線方程式為 Yˆ = 0.72X + 141.2，及y = 512，Sx = 100，Sy = 98，試求：（20 分） x = ？ X、Y 間之相關係數。 X 對Y 之迴歸方程式。 （註：Sx，Sy 為標準差）

血糖值（前） 138 133 144 135 130 135 146 133 血糖值（後） 102 101 106 118 116 99 127 108 設血糖值之分配近似於常態分配，則： 求服用前及服用後平均血糖值差之95％信賴區間。 試問該藥廠所稱可以降低血糖值25 mg/dL 是否正確？ 標準常態分配表 Example: If Z=1.00, then the area between the mean and this value of Z is .3413. Z .00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09 0.0 .0000 .0040 .0080 .0120 .0160 .0199 .0239 .0279 .0319 .0359 0.1 .0398 .0438 .0478 .0517 .0557 .0596 .0636 .0675 .0714 .0753 0.2 .0793 .0832 .0871 .0910 .0948 .0987 .1026 .1064 .1103 .1141 0.3 .1179 .1217 .1255 .1293 .1331 .1368 .1406 .1443 .1480 .1517 0.4 .1554 .1591 .1628 .1664 .1700 .1736 .1772 .1808 .1844 .1879 0.5 .1915 .1950 .1985 .2019 .2054 .2088 .2123 .2157 .2190 .2224 0.6 .2257 .2291 .2324 .2357 .2389 .2422 .2454 .2486 .2518 .2549 0.7 .2580 .2612 .2642 .2673 .2704 .2734 .2764 .2794 .2823 .2852 0.8 .2881 .2910 .2939 .2967 .2995 .3023 .3051 .3078 .3106 .3133 0.9 .3159 .3186 .3212 .3238 .3264 .3289 .3315 .3340 .3365 .3389 1.0 .3413 .3438 .3461 .3485 .3508 .3531 .3554 .3577 .3599 .3621 1.1 .3643 .3665 .3686 .3708 .3729 .3749 .3770 .3790 .3810 .3830 1.2 .3849 .3869 .3888 .3907 .3925 .3944 .3962 .3980 .3997 .4015 1.3 .4032 .4049 .4066 .4082 .4099 .4115 .4131 .4147 .4162 .4177 1.4 .4192 .4207 .4222 .4236 .4251 .4265 .4279 .4292 .4306 .4319 1.5 .4332 .4345 .4357 .4370 .4382 .4394 .4406 .4418 .4429 .4441 1.6 .4452 .4463 .4474 .4484 .4495 .4505 .4515 .4525 .4535 .4545 1.7 .4554 .4564 .4573 .4582 .4591 .4599 .4608 .4616 .4625 .4633 1.8 .4641 .4649 .4656 .4664 .4671 .4678 .4686 .4693 .4699 .4706 1.9 .4713 .4719 .4726 .4732 .4738 .4744 .4750 .4756 .4761 .4767 2.0 .4772 .4778 .4783 .4788 .4793 .4798 .4803 .4808 .4812 .4817 2.1 .4821 .4826 .4830 .4834 .4838 .4842 .4846 .4850 .4854 .4857 2.2 .4861 .4864 .4868 .4871 .4875 .4878 .4881 .4884 .4887 .4890 2.3 .4893 .4896 .4898 .4901 .4904 .4906 .4909 .4911 .4913 .4916 2.4 .4918 .4920 .4922 .4925 .4927 .4929 .4931 .4932 .4934 .4936 2.5 .4938 .4940 .4941 .4943 .4945 .4946 .4948 .4949 .4951 .4952 2.6 .4953 .4955 .4956 .4957 .4959 .4960 .4961 .4962 .4963 .4964 2.7 .4965 .4966 .4967 .4968 .4969 .4970 .4971 .4972 .4973 .4974 2.8 .4974 .4975 .4976 .4977 .4977 .4978 .4979 .4979 .4980 .4981 2.9 .4981 .4982 .4982 .4983 .4984 .4984 .4985 .4985 .4986 .4986 3.0 .4986 .4987 .4987 .4988 .4988 .4989 .4989 .4989 .4990 .4990 4.0 .4999 （請接第三頁） 附表： 0 Z 九十二年公務人員高等考試三級考試第二試試題 代號： 科 別： 衛生行政 全四頁 第三頁 Percentage points of the t distribution（td,u）a u Degrees of Freedom, d .75 .80 .85 .90 .95 .975 .99 .995 .9995 1 1.000 1.376 1.963 3.078 6.314 12.706 31.821 63.657 636.619 2 0.816 1.061 1.386 1.886 2.920 4.303 6.965 9.925 31.598 3 0.765 0.978 1.250 1.638 2.353 3.182 4.541 5.841 12.924 4 0.741 0.941 1.190 1.533 2.132 2.776 3.747 4.604 8.610 5 0.727 0.920 1.156 1.476 2.015 2.571 3.365 4.032 6.869 6 0.718 0.906 1.134 1.440 1.943 2.447 3.143 3.707 5.959 7 0.711 0.896 1.119 1.415 1.895 2.365 2.998 3.499 5.408 8 0.706 0.889 1.108 1.397 1.860 2.306 2.896 3.355 5.041 9 0.703 0.883 1.100 1.383 1.833 2.262 2.821 3.250 4.781 10 0.700 0.879 1.093 1.372 1.812 2.228 2.764 3.169 4.587 11 0.697 0.876 1.088 1.363 1.796 2.201 2.718 3.106 4.437 12 0.695 0.873 1.083 1.356 1.782 2.179 2.681 3.055 4.318 13 0.694 0.870 1.079 1.350 1.771 2.160 2.650 3.012 4.221 14 0.692 0.868 1.076 1.345 1.761 2.145 2.624 2.977 4.140 15 0.691 0.866 1.074 1.341 1.753 2.131 2.602 2.947 4.073 16 0.690 0.865 1.071 1.337 1.746 2.120 2.583 2.921 4.015 17 0.689 0.863 1.069 1.333 1.740 2.110 2.567 2.898 3.965 18 0.688 0.862 1.067 1.330 1.734 2.101 2.552 2.878 3.922 19 0.688 0.861 1.066 1.328 1.729 2.093 2.539 2.861 3.883 20 0.687 0.860 1.064 1.325 1.725 2.086 2.528 2.845 3.850 21 0.686 0.859 1.063 1.323 1.721 2.080 2.518 2.831 3.819 22 0.686 0.858 1.061 1.321 1.717 2.074 2.508 2.819 3.792 23 0.685 0.858 1.060 1.319 1.714 2.069 2.500 2.807 3.767 24 0.685 0.857 1.059 1.318 1.711 2.064 2.492 2.797 3.745 25 0.684 0.856 1.058 1.316 1.708 2.060 2.485 2.787 3.725 26 0.684 0.856 1.058 1.315 1.706 2.056 2.479 2.779 3.707 27 0.684 0.855 1.057 1.314 1.703 2.052 2.473 2.771 3.690 28 0.683 0.855 1.056 1.313 1.701 2.048 2.467 2.763 3.674 29 0.683 0.854 1.055 1.311 1.699 2.045 2.462 2.756 3.659 30 0.683 0.854 1.055 1.310 1.697 2.042 2.457 2.750 3.646 40 0.681 0.851 1.050 1.303 1.684 2.021 2.423 2.704 3.551 60 0.679 0.848 1.046 1.296 1.671 2.000 2.390 2.660 3.460 120 0.677 0.845 1.041 1.289 1.658 1.980 2.358 2.617 3.373 0.674 0.842 1.036 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 3.291 aThe uth percentile of a t distribution with d degrees of freedom. [ Table 5 is taken from Table III of Fisher and Yates: “Statistical Tables for Biological, Agricultural and Medical Research,” published by Longman Group Ltd., London (previously published by Oliver and Boyd Ltd., Edinburgh) and by permission of the authors and publishers. ] （請接第四頁） 九十二年公務人員高等考試三級考試第二試試題 代號： 科 別： 衛生行政 全四頁 第四頁 Percentage points of the chi-square distribution (χ2 d,u )a u d .005 .01 .025 .05 .10 .25 .50 .75 .90 .95 .975 .99 .995 .999 1 0.04393b 0.03157c 0.03982d 0.00393 0.02 0.10 0.45 1.32 2.71 3.84 5.02 6.63 7.88 10.83 2 0.0100 0.0201 0.0506 0.103 0.21 0.58 1.39 2.77 4.61 5.99 7.38 9.21 10.60 13.81 3 0.0717 0.115 0.216 0.352 0.58 1.21 2.37 4.11 6.25 7.81 9.35 11.34 12.84 16.27 4 0.207 0.297 0.484 0.711 1.06 1.92 3.36 5.39 7.78 9.49 11.14 13.28 14.86 18.47 5 0.412 0.554 0.831 1.15 1.61 2.67 4.35 6.63 9.24 11.07 12.83 15.09 16.75 20.52 6 0.676 0.872 1.24 1.64 2.20 3.45 5.35 7.84 10.64 12.59 14.45 16.81 18.55 22.46 7 0.989 1.24 1.69 2.17 2.83 4.25 6.35 9.04 12.02 14.07 16.01 18.48 20.28 24.32 8 1.34 1.65 2.18 2.73 3.49 5.07 7.34 10.22 13.36 15.51 17.53 20.09 21.95 26.12 9 1.73 2.09 2.70 3.33 4.17 5.90 8.34 11.39 14.68 16.92 19.02 21.67 23.59 27.88 10 2.16 2.56 3.25 3.94 4.87 6.74 9.34 12.55 15.99 18.31 20.48 23.21 25.19 29.59 11 2.60 3.05 3.82 4.57 5.58 7.58 10.34 13.70 17.28 19.68 21.92 24.72 26.76 31.26 12 3.07 3.57 4.40 5.23 6.30 8.44 11.34 14.85 18.55 21.03 23.34 26.22 28.30 32.91 13 3.57 4.11 5.01 5.89 7.04 9.30 12.34 15.98 19.81 22.36 24.74 27.69 29.82 34.53 14 4.07 4.66 5.63 6.57 7.79 10.17 13.34 17.12 21.06 23.68 26.12 29.14 31.32 36.12 15 4.60 5.23 6.27 7.26 8.55 11.04 14.34 18.25 22.31 25.00 27.49 30.58 32.80 37.70 16 5.14 5.81 6.91 7.96 9.31 11.91 15.34 19.37 23.54 26.30 28.85 32.00 34.27 39.25 17 5.70 6.41 7.56 8.67 10.09 12.79 16.34 20.49 24.77 27.59 30.19 33.41 35.72 40.79 18 6.26 7.01 8.23 9.39 10.86 13.68 17.34 21.60 25.99 28.87 31.53 34.81 37.16 42.31 19 6.84 7.63 8.91 10.12 11.65 14.56 18.34 22.72 27.20 30.14 32.85 36.19 38.58 43.82 20 7.43 8.26 9.59 10.85 12.44 15.45 19.34 23.83 28.41 31.41 34.17 37.57 40.00 45.32 21 8.03 8.90 10.28 11.59 13.24 16.34 20.34 24.93 29.62 32.67 35.48 38.93 41.40 46.80 22 8.64 9.54 10.98 12.34 14.04 17.24 21.34 26.04 30.81 33.92 36.78 40.29 42.80 48.27 23 9.26 10.20 11.69 13.09 14.85 18.14 22.34 27.14 32.01 35.17 38.08 41.64 44.18 49.73 24 9.89 10.86 12.40 13.85 15.66 19.04 23.34 28.24 33.20 36.42 39.36 42.98 45.56 51.18 25 10.52 11.52 13.12 14.61 16.47 19.94 24.34 29.34 34.38 37.65 40.65 44.31 46.93 52.62 26 11.16 12.20 13.84 15.38 17.29 20.84 25.34 30.43 35.56 38.89 41.92 45.64 48.29 54.05 27 11.81 12.88 14.57 16.15 18.11 21.75 26.34 31.53 36.74 40.11 43.19 46.96 49.64 55.48 28 12.46 13.56 15.31 16.93 18.94 22.66 27.34 32.62 37.92 41.34 44.46 48.28 50.99 56.89 29 13.12 14.26 16.05 17.71 19.77 23.57 28.34 33.71 39.09 42.56 45.72 49.59 52.34 58.30 30 13.79 14.95 16.79 18.49 20.60 24.48 29.34 34.80 40.26 43.77 46.98 50.89 53.67 59.70 40 20.71 22.16 24.43 26.51 29.05 33.66 39.34 45.62 51.81 55.76 59.34 63.69 66.77 73.40 50 27.99 29.71 32.36 34.76 37.69 42.94 49.33 56.33 63.17 67.50 71.42 76.15 79.49 86.66 60 35.53 37.48 40.48 43.19 46.46 52.29 59.33 66.98 74.40 79.08 83.30 88.38 91.95 99.61 70 43.28 45.44 48.76 51.74 55.33 61.70 69.33 77.58 85.53 90.53 95.02 100.42 104.22 112.32 80 51.17 53.54 57.15 60.39 64.28 71.14 79.33 88.13 96.58 101.88 106.63 112.33 116.32 124.84 90 59.20 61.75 65.65 69.13 73.29 80.62 89.33 98.64 107.56 113.14 118.14 124.12 128.30 137.21 100 67.33 70.06 74.22 77.93 82.36 90.13 99.33 109.14 118.50 124.34 129.56 135.81 140.17 149.45 aχ2 d,u = uth percentile of a χ2 distribution with d degrees of freedom. b=0.0000393 c=0.000157 d=0.000982 (Reproduced in part with permission of the Biometrika Trustees, from Tabile 3 of “Biometrika Tables for Statisticians,” Volume II, edited by E. S. Pearson and H. O. Hartley, published for the Biometrika Trustees, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1972.)