海巡行政 114 年法學知識與英文考古題

關於修憲程序，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)修憲機關提出之憲法修正案，須先送請監察院人權委員會審查，始能通過施行 (B)修憲機關提出之憲法修正案，須先送請憲法法庭審查，始能通過施行 (C)行政院若認為修憲機關提出之憲法修正案窒礙難行，得移請修憲機關覆議 (D)修憲機關提出之憲法修正案，須經人民投票複決，始能通過施行

依司法院解釋意旨，下列何者並非以法治國原則為法理根據？ (A)正當法律程序 (B)信賴保護原則 (C)政黨政治原則 (D)法安定性原則

憲法第155 條前段規定：「國家為謀社會福利，應實施社會保險制度」。下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)實施社會保險制度，乃是憲法委託事項 (B)立法者對社會保險制度，享有完全之形成自由 (C)國民年金保險，乃是社會保險之一種 (D)社會保險之實施，須考慮國家財政資源之有限性

依憲法規定，已逾學齡未受基本教育之國民，如何受補習教育？ (A)得自行決定受補習教育，免繳納學費 (B)得自行決定受補習教育，須繳納學費 (C)一律受補習教育，免繳納學費 (D)一律受補習教育，須繳納學費

依司法院大法官解釋及憲法法庭裁判，關於刑事被告之訴訟權保障，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)刑事被告就第二審撤銷原審無罪判決並自為有罪判決者，被告不得上訴於第三審法院部分，屬立法形成範圍，與憲法第16 條保障人民訴訟權之意旨尚無違背 (B)受羈押被告如認執行羈押機關對其所為之不利決定，逾越達成羈押目的或維持羈押處所秩序之必要範圍，不法侵害其憲法所保障之權利者，得向法院提起訴訟請求救濟 (C)為有效保障被告訴訟權，被告之辯護人於與被告意思相反之情況下，仍得為被告之利益提起上訴 (D)檢察官禁止或限制辯護人於訊問時在場、筆記或陳述，僅係侵害辯護人之權利，與刑事被告之訴訟權保障無涉

依司法院釋字436 號解釋，當時之軍事審判法被宣告為違憲之原因為何？ (A)認為「現役軍人」包括軍校學生，違憲 (B)認為軍法官不是法官而是軍官，因此軍事審判法中由軍法官來行使普通法院之法官職權，違憲 (C)認為被告因軍事審判法受有期徒刑以上宣告之判決確定後，不得再向普通法院以判決違背法令為由請求救濟，違憲 (D)認為軍事審判機關不具獨立性與公正性，不符合正當法律程序之最低要求，因此軍事審判制度是違憲的，軍人犯罪應回歸普通法院審判

憲法第16 條保障人民之訴訟權，依司法院大法官解釋與憲法法庭判決之意旨，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)針對軍法判決之特別救濟案，軍事審判法規定，僅許被告不服高等軍事法院宣告有期徒刑之上訴判決者，得以判決違背法令為理由，向高等法院提起上訴，與保障人民訴訟權之意旨有違 (B)針對公立大學就不續聘教師之再申訴決定提起行政訴訟案，最高行政法院決議，關於公立大學就不予維持其不續聘教師措施之再申訴決定，不得循序提起行政訴訟部分，牴觸保障訴訟權之意旨 (C)針對偵查中辯護人在場筆記權等之救濟案，禁止或限制辯護人於訊問時在場、筆記或陳述意見之處分，未賦予被告、犯罪嫌疑人或其辯護人享有向法院聲明不服、請求救濟之機會，違反憲法第16 條保障訴訟權之意旨 (D)未明文規範被害人（及其法定代理人）於少年保護事件處理程序中得到庭陳述意見，於此範圍內，不符憲法正當法律程序原則之要求，有違憲法保障被害人程序參與權之意旨

依司法院大法官解釋，有關結社自由，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)主管機關不得以人民團體主張共產主義而不許可其設立 (B)組織政黨無須事先許可，政黨成立後發生其目的危害中華民國之存在者，得經憲法法庭判決予以解散 (C)人民團體之名稱無須冠以所屬行政區域名稱 (D)依司法院大法官解釋，全面禁止公務員結社自由並未違憲

防疫期間，政府機關調取確診者手機簡訊實聯制紀錄以確認足跡，係影響下列何種基本權？ (A)言論自由 (B)居住自由 (C)秘密通訊自由 (D)財產權

國家基於犯罪偵查之目的，對被告或犯罪嫌疑人進行通訊監察，並未直接影響受監察人下列何種權利？ (A)緘默權 (B)委任律師之辯護權 (C)隱私權 (D)閱覽卷宗權

依憲法法庭判決，下列何者非屬資訊隱私權之保障範圍？ (A)人民對其個資之使用有知悉與控制權 (B)人民對其個資有資料記載錯誤之更正權 (C)人民就其個資，有同意利用與否之事前控制權，以及受利用中、後之事後控制權 (D)人民於公開場域不受他人注視、接近之權利

依強制執行法第52 條規定，查封動產時，應酌留債務人及其共同生活之親屬2 個月間生活所必需之金錢。此係為直接保障何種憲法權利？ (A)工作權 (B)家庭團聚權 (C)訴訟權 (D)生存權

依司法院大法官解釋，關於原住民文化權及身分認同權，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)狩獵係原住民族利用自然資源之方式之一，乃長期以來之重要傳統，屬於文化權保障範圍 (B)原住民之文化權保障，僅為個人權利，不具有集體權之性質及內涵 (C)以漢族之姓氏習慣否定原住民之身分認定，與原住民之身分認同權有違 (D)由憲法第22 條及憲法增修條文整體觀察，原住民集體身分認同權亦受憲法保障

公職人員選舉罷免法第67 條第2 項規定，關於全國不分區立委選舉，若各該政黨之得票比率未達百分之5 以上者，不予分配當選名額，可能與下列何選舉原則發生衝突？ (A)普通 (B)平等 (C)直接 (D)無記名

依憲法增修條文第3 條規定，行政院院長在何時，應提出辭職，並得同時呈請總統解散立法院？ (A)立法院未通過行政院提出之預算案之時 (B)立法院對行政院院長所提出之不信任案經通過之時 (C)對於行政院所提出之覆議案，總統不予核可之時 (D)行政院向立法院提出之覆議案，經全體立法委員二分之一以上決議維持原案之時

依司法院大法官解釋意旨，有關人身自由之保障，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)對人身自由之剝奪尤應遵循正當法律程序原則 (B)刑法規定累犯一律加重最低本刑，使人身自由遭受過苛侵害，牴觸憲法比例原則 (C)毒品危害防制條例規定，意圖供製造毒品之用而栽種大麻者，處5 年以上有期徒刑，未違憲法比例原則，未侵害人身自由 (D)刑法規定之於刑之執行前強制工作處分，就受處分人之人身自由所為限制，違反憲法第23 條比例原則

依司法院大法官解釋，下列何項規定或措施，不涉及人民言論自由之干預？ (A)監獄長官以X 光儀器檢查受刑人書信（含包裹）之內容物，確認有無夾帶違禁品 (B)政府對於街頭藝人之活動是否適合於指定公共空間表演，加以無關表意內容之審查 (C)法律規定禁止菸品業者以品嘗會、演唱會、演講會、體育或公益等活動，促銷菸品 (D)法律規定人民使用無線電波頻率，應先經主管機關核准，違反者並施以刑事處罰

依憲法增修條文，有關領土變更案之立法委員提案程序，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)全體立法委員4 分之1 提議、全體立法委員4 分之3 出席、出席委員3 分之2 決議 (B)全體立法委員4 分之1 提議、全體立法委員4 分之3 出席、出席委員4 分之3 決議 (C)全體立法委員3 分之1 提議、全體立法委員4 分之3 出席、出席委員3 分之2 決議 (D)全體立法委員3 分之1 提議、全體立法委員4 分之3 出席、出席委員4 分之3 決議

依憲法及相關法律規定、司法院大法官解釋意旨，有關立法院審查預算案，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)立法院對於預算案，得為增刪修改 (B)立法院對於預算案，不得為增加支出之提議 (C)立法院對於預算案，得於項目中移動增減金額 (D)立法院審議預算案，須受屆期不連續原則之拘束

依司法院大法官解釋及憲法法庭判決，關於原住民狩獵文化權，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)所稱「傳統文化」，應包含原住民依其所屬部落族群所傳承之飲食與生活文化 (B)自行獵獲之野生動物供自己、家人或部落親友食用，或作為工具器物之非營利性自用之情形，應屬原住民傳統文化 (C)基於非營利性自用之目的，原住民亦得獵捕、宰殺或利用保育類野生動物 (D)對其傳統文化之應有尊重，野生動物保育法規定所採事前申請核准之管制手段，原則上尚不違反憲法比例原則

關於憲法所定監察院彈劾權，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)監察院僅得對於中央公務人員，認有失職或違法情事時提出彈劾；地方公務人員之彈劾權，由監督地方自治之行政院掌理 (B)監察院得對司法院與監察院人員失職或違法情事，行使憲法所賦予之彈劾權 (C)監察院所彈劾之公務人員如涉及刑事責任時，亦由監察院予以審理 (D)總統與副總統為中央公務人員，其有失職或違法情事時，監察院依憲法獨立行使職權，亦得予以彈劾

下列何種事項，行政院院長無須提交行政院會議議決？ (A)應提出於立法院之事項 (B)總統召集院際爭執調解之事項 (C)涉及各部會共同關係之事項 (D)依法應提出於立法院之國家重要事項

依據司法院大法官釋憲實務，關於基本權利之適用範圍及主體，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)國家機關為達成公行政任務，以私法形式所為之行為，仍應遵循憲法基本權利規定要求 (B)憲法保障之基本權利皆屬個人權，而無集體權 (C)中華民國國民方得主張中華民國憲法保障之基本權利 (D)自然人方得主張中華民國憲法保障之基本權利

依憲法規定、司法院釋字與憲法法庭判決之見解，有關選舉制度，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)憲法上所規定之選舉，原則上以普通、平等、直接及無記名投票之方法行之 (B)修憲機關所定之選舉方法不得有礙民主共和國及國民主權原則之實現，亦不得變動選舉權、平等權之核心內涵 (C)憲法增修條文就不分區立法委員之產生，所定5%之政黨比例代表門檻，縱造成選票不等值之結果，惟其為重大之政治問題，不應由大法官予以解釋 (D)憲法增修條文就立法委員選舉採區域代表與政黨比例代表之並立制，並未牴觸民主共和國與國民主權原則

依憲法訴訟法規定，下列案件之判決，何者應本於言詞辯論為之？ (A)人民聲請法規範憲法審查及裁判憲法審查 (B)法院聲請法規範憲法審查 (C)機關權限爭議案件 (D)總統、副總統彈劾案件

M 公司係菸品業者，因以公司名義顯名贊助某演唱會活動，被主管機關以違反菸害防制法規定裁罰。依據司法院大法官釋憲實務，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)M 公司不得主張言論自由被侵害 (B)M 公司不得主張財產權被侵害 (C)M 公司不得主張營業自由被侵害 (D)M 公司不得主張思想自由被侵害

依司法院釋字及憲法法庭裁判，下列何者對於人民財產權所為之限制，已逾越社會義務所應忍受之範圍，侵害人民之財產權？ (A)菸害防制法規定菸品業者應於菸品容器上為尼古丁及焦油含量標示 (B)需用土地人因興辦土地徵收條例第3 條規定之事業，穿越私有土地之上空或地下而不予補償 (C)道路交通管理處罰條例禁止騎樓擺設攤販，並對違法設攤者為行政處罰 (D)野生動物保育法對於非法買賣公告之管制動物及製品者予以處罰

憲法增修條文第4 條規定單一選區兩票制、政黨比例代表席次及政黨門檻。下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)憲法之修正條文與本文，屬同等位階，如係依憲法修正程序為之，即不違反憲法 (B)依政黨名單投票採比例代表制選舉，並設百分之五席次分配門檻，尚無牴觸憲法平等保護之意旨 (C)依憲法規定，各種選舉應以普通、平等、直接及無記名投票之方法行之 (D)政黨門檻可能使政黨所得選票與獲得分配席次之百分比有差距，而有選票不等值現象，惟大法官解釋仍肯認其合憲性

依憲法與增修條文規定，總統發布之下列何種命令，無須副署？ (A)總統發布解除戒嚴令 (B)總統發布緊急命令 (C)總統發布解散立法院之命令 (D)總統對個別受刑人發布特赦令

有關非明文憲法權利，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)有關非明文憲法權利，有主張可以參酌國際人權公約進行解釋 (B)憲法第22 條所規定之「不妨害社會秩序公共利益」，有主張此為基本權利之內在限制 (C)對於新的基本權之承認，應考量其是否具備普遍性、公共性、歷史正當性以及人格自我實現必要性 (D)人權觀念之演進，有其時代背景與環境需要，「傳統」係承認非明文憲法權利之必要條件

依司法院大法官解釋及憲法法庭裁判，關於土地徵收制度，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)因時效而成立之公用地役關係，屬所有權人社會責任所應忍受之範圍，無須辦理徵收作業 (B)未於法定期限內核發土地補償費，不影響原土地徵收處分之合法性 (C)文化資產保存法將私人建築物指定為古蹟，已逾越所有權人社會責任所應忍受之範圍，國家應給予相當補償 (D)大眾捷運法規定，大眾捷運系統毗鄰地區辦理開發所需之土地，雖非屬捷運交通事業所必需之土地，亦得徵收

憲法增修條文第7 條第2 項規定，監察委員由總統提名，經立法院同意任命之。關於立法院消極不行使同意權，致監察委員無從出任之爭議，司法院釋字第632 號解釋採取下列何種立場？ (A)立法委員是否同意監察委員任命，屬於憲法賦予之權限，縱消極不行使同意權，仍應尊重而屬合憲 (B)立法院消極不行使同意權，致監察院無從行使職權、發揮功能，國家憲政制度之完整因而遭受破壞，自為憲法所不許 (C)本案為監察院與立法院間之職權爭議，應屬重大政治問題，司法院大法官不應介入進行憲法審查 (D)立法委員是否行使其同意權，屬於國會自律範圍，應尊重立法院之自主決定，司法院大法官不應介入進行憲法審查

有關人民基本權利之限制或影響，下列何者不違反法律保留原則？ (A)基於大學自治，大學自訂校規將成績不合標準之學生退學 (B)於網路散布謠言造成慌亂者，主管機關命網路平台加上警語 (C)全民健康保險之醫療費用支付標準及藥價基準規定 (D)役男出國應經許可

憲法第19 條規定：「人民有依法律納稅之義務。」下列關於租稅之敘述，何者正確？ (A)依據租稅法律主義之要求，有關稅捐稽徵之程序，立法者不得授權以命令定之 (B)主管機關於職權範圍內適用租稅法律規定，本於法定職權予以闡釋，如係秉持憲法原則及相關之立法意旨，遵守一般法律解釋方法為之，即與租稅法律主義無違 (C)稅捐僅係為了支應國家普通施政支出而課徵，特別公課則係以特別施政用途為目的而課徵 (D)行政機關縱依立法授權，仍不得就特定範圍納稅義務人給予減輕或免除租稅之優惠措施，始不牴觸憲法平等原則

依憲法及增修條文規定，關於立法院，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)立法院於每年集會時，得聽取總統國情報告 (B)立法院得設各種委員會，並得邀請政府人員及社會上有關係人員到會備詢 (C)立法院開會時，關係院院長及各部會首長得列席陳述意見 (D)立法委員除現行犯外，無論於會期中或會期外，非經立法院許可，均不得逮捕或拘禁

依司法院釋字第596 號解釋，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)保護勞工之內容與方式應如何設計，立法者有一定之形成自由 (B)立法者得衡酌債權人私法上債權實現及債務人生存保護之必要，於不違反憲法第7 條及第23 條之範圍內，禁止對債務人部分財產之執行 (C)國家基於憲法第153 條保護勞工之基本國策，得立法要求雇主協力保護勞工之退休生活 (D)勞工退休金條例第29 條規定勞工退休金及請領退休金之權利不得讓與、扣押、抵銷或供擔保，違反憲法第7 條平等原則

下列何者並非現行憲法規定之立法院職權？ (A)議決法律案 (B)議決預算權 (C)行政院院長之人事同意權 (D)議決國家重要事項之權

下列何種案件得由普通法院聲請憲法法庭裁判？ (A)民事法庭審理案件，確信應適用之「祭祀公業條例」，違反憲法第7 條男女平等之規定，聲請憲法法庭為法規範審查 (B)民事法庭審理案件，確信系爭案件應適用之「契約」，違反憲法第7 條男女平等之規定，聲請憲法法庭為裁判憲法審查 (C)刑事法庭審理殺人案件，對於與本案無影響之「刑法第235 條公然猥褻物品罪」，確信其侵犯人民言論自由，聲請憲法法庭為法規範審查 (D)刑事法庭審理不動產侵占案件，認系爭案件應適用之「內政部函釋」，增加法律所無之限制，聲請憲法法庭為法規範審查

有關大法官之任期及身分保障，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)大法官卸任後皆受法官終身職待遇之保障 (B)大法官任期為6 年 (C)並為司法院院長之大法官，仍受任期之保障 (D)大法官任期不分屆次，個別計算

有關我國法律違憲審查制度，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)係採集中制 (B)設有抽象法規審查 (C)須有具體個案始得為審查 (D)人民之聲請審查設有期限限制

下列何者得提起機關爭議訴訟，請求憲法法庭裁判？ (A)內政部與經濟部對於經濟移民應由何者擔任主管機關，所生之爭執 (B)考試院所屬之銓敘部與行政院人事行政總處，關於某一公務員資格認定事項產生爭執 (C)臺中市政府與行政院，對於地方政府得否訂定更嚴格之空氣污染排放標準，產生爭議 (D)行政院與立法院，對於立法院審議條約時得否部分同意發生爭議，協商未果

下列何者為憲法增修條文所明定應由司法院大法官組成憲法法庭審理之案件？ (A)總統、副總統之罷免案 (B)人民聲請法規範憲法審查 (C)總統、副總統之彈劾案 (D)地方自治保障案件

有關地方制度之立法，下列何者為憲法所不許？ (A)縣設縣議會，縣議會議員由縣民選舉之 (B)縣設縣長，由內政部指派之 (C)將鄉（鎮、市）改為非地方自治團體 (D)將省諮議會議員之人數縮減為10 人

有關中央與地方之關係，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)地方自治團體處理自治事項所為之行政處分被中央撤銷後，於用盡審級救濟後，得聲請憲法法庭判決 (B)地方於處理自治事項時，不受中央之監督 (C)中央不得將其權限委由地方行使 (D)地方議會為立法院之下級機關，故立法院為國家最高立法機關

關於中央與地方權限之劃分，憲法係採下列那一項原則？ (A)協議原則 (B)均權原則 (C)中央優先原則 (D)地方優先原則

乙受僱於甲公司，關於各項請求權消滅時效，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)乙對甲公司之工資請求權，因5 年間不行使而消滅 (B)乙因遭職業災害而致傷害，在醫療中不能工作時，對甲公司應按其原領工資數額予以補償之受領補償權，自得受領之日起，因5 年間不行使而消滅 (C)乙遭遇普通傷害後失能，並符合勞工保險條例規定之失能給付請領資格，其保險給付請求權，自得請領之日起，因2 年間不行使而消滅 (D)乙依據勞動基準法向甲公司請領退休金之權利，自退休之次月起，因2 年間不行使而消滅

下列何者非刑法上之易刑處分？ (A)易以訓誡 (B)易科罰金 (C)易服社會勞動 (D)易命賠償

下列何者並非行政程序法所明定之行政法一般原則？ (A)裁量濫用禁止原則 (B)有利不利一律注意原則 (C)行政一體原則 (D)誠實信用原則

下列關於性傾向在憲法上之評價，何者錯誤？ (A)性傾向非憲法第7 條明文規定，但仍屬平等權規範之範圍 (B)民法規定婚姻為一男一女的結合，是以性傾向為分類標準之差別待遇 (C)同性性傾向者為社會上孤立而隔絕之少數，並因受刻板印象之影響，久為政治上之弱勢 (D)以性傾向為基礎之差別待遇，應採最嚴格審查標準

為打造友善育兒之職場環境，提高生育率並促進性別工作平等，懷孕婦女依性別平等工作法之規定可享有之權利，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)雇主於女性受僱者分娩前後，應給予產假4 星期 (B)受僱者於陪伴其配偶產檢或分娩時，雇主應給予陪產檢及陪產假7 日 (C)受僱者懷孕期間，雇主應給予產檢假5 日 (D)產檢假及陪產假期間，不得請求報酬

甲舉槍欲射殺乙，卻誤中乙身旁之丙身亡。下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲對乙成立殺人未遂罪，對丙成立過失致死罪。兩罪想像競合，從過失致死罪處斷 (B)甲對乙成立殺人未遂罪，對丙成立過失致死罪。兩罪想像競合，從殺人未遂罪處斷 (C)甲對乙成立殺人未遂罪，對丙成立過失致死罪。兩罪數罪併罰 (D)甲對乙成立殺人未遂罪，對丙成立過失致死罪。兩罪法條競合，構成殺人未遂罪

依憲法本文規定，若院與院間發生爭執，何者得召集有關各院院長會商解決之？ (A)總統 (B)國民大會議長 (C)最高法院院長 (D)總統府秘書長

關於刑法時之效力之敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A)保護管束或酗酒禁戒處分之事由，發生在新法施行前者，新法施行後，無論是否有利於行為人，應適用裁判時之法律 (B)涉及沒收之違法行為均在新法施行前者，依法不得沒收 (C)強制工作或強制治療之事由，發生在新法施行前者，新法施行後，無論是否有利於行為人，仍不適用新法之規定 (D)非兼行政職之公立醫院醫師於民國95 年3 月間收受病患紅包，犯行於民國98 年以後才被追訴，應適用裁判時之法律

甲為某一視聽著作之著作財產權人，將其著作財產權以非專屬授權之方式授權給乙，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲若嗣後將其著作財產權再專屬授權給丙，乙所獲之授權即告終止 (B)乙在被授權範圍內，得將其被授與之權利再授權第三人利用，無須取得甲的同意 (C)若發現有侵權情事，甲在授權範圍內，仍得以自己名義為訴訟上行為 (D)甲乙之授權契約，非經登記，不生效力

有關刑法第131 條公務員圖利罪，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)本罪是結果犯 (B)本罪是純正身分犯 (C)本罪之規範範圍並不包含「對於非主管或監督之事務」之圖利 (D)公務員圖利他人而未獲得利益者，成立公務員圖利罪之未遂犯

下列何者屬於刑法上的公務員？ (A)代收政府機關稅收的便利商店店員 (B)協助警察處理拖吊違規車輛之民間業者 (C)受政府機關委託執行科研計畫而辦理採購事務之公立大學教授 (D)農田水利會專任職員

依地方制度法規定，關於直轄市、縣（市）之改制或合併，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)內政部擬將縣（市）改制或與其他直轄市、縣（市）合併改制為直轄市者，應由內政部擬訂改制計畫，徵詢相關直轄市政府、縣（市）政府意見後，報請行政院核定之 (B)縣（市）擬與其他直轄市、縣（市）合併改制為直轄市者，相關直轄市政府、縣（市）政府得共同擬訂改制計畫，經各該直轄市議會、縣（市）議會同意後，報請行政院核定之 (C)行政院收到內政部陳報改制計畫，應於6 個月內決定之 (D)內政部應於收到行政院核定公文之次日起30 日內，將改制計畫發布，並公告改制日期

有關未遂犯，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)未遂犯與既遂犯得科處相同刑罰 (B)甲開槍射殺乙，乙剛好彎腰綁鞋帶而未中彈，甲構成殺人未遂罪 (C)甲持棍棒欲毆打乙手臂，乙閃開沒有受傷，甲構成傷害未遂罪 (D)未遂的處罰，須著手於犯罪行為之實行而不遂

下列何者無法提出憲法訴訟之聲請？ (A)臺灣高雄少年及家事法院 (B)臺灣高雄地方檢察署 (C)高雄市政府 (D)高雄市議會

在遺產分割前，全部繼承人對於遺產全部的法律關係為何？ (A)分別共有 (B)準分別共有 (C)公同共有 (D)準公同共有

有關「原因自由行為」，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)行為人於原因行為階段具有責任能力 (B)行為人在行為時，處於無責任能力狀態，不符合行為與罪責同時性原則 (C)我國刑法尚無明文規定，仍屬學說主張 (D)實務見解承認原因自由行為之可罰性

有關公法上自治規章的敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A)地方自治團體得依法律及上級法規之授權，制定自治法規 (B)自治法規經地方立法機關通過，並由各該行政機關公布者，稱自治條例 (C)自治法規由地方行政機關訂定，並發布或下達者，稱自治規則 (D)僅直轄市、縣（市）得制定自治法規

有關最高法院大法庭制度，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)於修正施行前依法選編之判例，一律失去裁判之效力 (B)最高法院民事庭、刑事庭各庭擬與先前已經依法選編之判例而有裁判全文所示法律見解歧異時，則以判例基礎事實的「先前裁判本身」為準，依循法院組織法第51 條之2 之歧異提案程序處理 (C)最高法院決議不具統一法律見解之功能 (D)最高法院審判庭經評議後認採為裁判基礎之法律見解，與先前裁判之法律見解歧異者，經徵詢程序未達成一致見解者，應提案予大法庭裁判

A 公司擬和B 公司合併，A 公司想了解公司法中有關公司合併之限制，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)股份有限公司與股份有限公司合併時，存續或新設公司以股份有限公司為限 (B)股份有限公司與有限公司合併時，存續或新設公司以股份有限公司為限 (C)踐行公司簡易合併時，從屬公司之提出異議的股東可以行使股份收買請求權 (D)一旦公司經合併而消滅後，其權利義務亦隨之消滅

甲、乙與丙共有A 地，應有部分各三分之一。關於甲就A 地之權利，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)甲非經乙與丙之同意，不得以A 地設定抵押權於他人 (B)甲非經乙與丙之同意，不得處分A 地 (C)甲非經乙與丙之同意，不得使用A 地 (D)甲非經乙與丙之同意，不得請求無權占有A 地之丁，返還A 地於全體共有人

有關國民法官制度之相關規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)只有刑事審判實施國民法官制度 (B)國民法官法庭係以國民法官9 人共同組成，進行審判 (C)擔任國民法官為中華民國國民之義務，因此並不支付日費等相關費用 (D)國民法官僅就案件事實是否有罪進行討論與表決，法律適用與科刑並非國民法官之權限

下列何種行為屬於處分行為？ (A)甲拋棄其M 機器的所有權 (B)甲、乙簽訂的A 車買賣契約 (C)夫妻甲、乙二人責打其子丙 (D)甲、乙間訂立的B 腳踏車贈與契約

下列關於工作規則之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)雇主僱用勞工人數在30 人以上者，應訂立工作規則 (B)工作規則應報請主管機關核備後並公開揭示之 (C)工會不得參與工作規則之訂立 (D)工作規則違反法令之強制或禁止規定或其他有關該事業適用之團體協約規定者，無效

下列有關英美法與大陸法之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)英美法系國家與大陸法系國家均有成文法 (B)大陸法系國家的法院並不否定習慣的效力 (C)英美法系國家的判決先例效力優先於成文法 (D)英美法系是衡平法的起源

甲將所有之A 屋出租於乙，雙方口頭約定租期自下個月初起2 年，租金每月新臺幣3 萬元。下列敘述何者正確？ (A)該租賃契約無效 (B)該租賃契約屬於物權契約 (C)甲、乙間成立不定期的租賃契約 (D)該租賃契約不生效力

債法是何種法系之民法的最重要部分？ (A)普通法系 (B)羅馬日耳曼法系 (C)伊斯蘭法系 (D)東亞法系

有關9 年國民教育與高級中等教育之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)兩者皆強迫入學 (B)9 年國民教育為強迫入學，高級中等教育則為自願入學 (C)9 年國民教育為自願入學，高級中等教育則為強迫入學 (D)兩者皆自願入學

關於我國民法規定之習慣法，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)習慣法須是長久慣行，只要是反覆進行之社會習慣，就是習慣法 (B)依據民法第1 條規定，習慣法內容不應違反已經制定之法律規定 (C)習慣法來自民間風俗，自無違反民法中公共秩序善良風俗之問題 (D)基於私法自治原理，習慣法不會與憲法上平等原則相牴觸或衝突

依據中央法規標準法第24 條第1 項規定，法律定有施行期限，但主管機關認為需要延長者，應以下列何種程序辦理？ (A)主管機關應於期限屆滿一個月前送立法院審議 (B)主管機關應於期限屆滿一個月前，由原發布機關發布之 (C)主管機關應於期限屆滿三個月前送行政院院會核定 (D)主管機關應於期限屆滿三個月前送立法院報查

關於法源種類之說明，下列何者正確？ (A)法理屬於自然法而非實證法，並非我國承認的法源 (B)抽象的法律原則經法律明文規定者，也是我國法源 (C)人類社會生活中所有的日常習俗，都屬於我國法源 (D)法律只能經立法院廢止效力，無法經公投複決後失效

臺灣街頭常見「二胎借款」的廣告，「二胎」的意思是「第二順位抵押權」，其乃源自於傳統漢人的「胎借」習慣名稱，加上自日治時期導入的近代抵押權之效力，可謂傳統習慣與近代西方法律交匯後之產物。對此社會現象，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)呈現臺灣社會繼受近代西方法律的一過程 (B)顯示臺灣社會仍然落後，無法正確使用近代法律用語 (C)代表傳統社會習慣已完全被近代西方法取代而消失 (D)顯示法律繼受後，臺灣社會仍無法接受使用抵押權

關於大法庭裁定之效力，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)對提案庭提交之案件有拘束力 (B)具有拘束各機關及人民之效力 (C)僅拘束下級審法院 (D)拘束下級審法院及終審法院各庭

關於自治規則之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)自治規則應分別冠以各該地方自治團體之名稱，在直轄市稱直轄市法規、在縣（市）稱縣（市）規章，在鄉（鎮、市）稱鄉（鎮、市）規約 (B)自治規則經各該地方立法機關議決後，由各該行政機關公布 (C)自治規則定有罰則時，應報經地方立法機關核定後發布 (D)地方行政機關就其自治事項，得依其法定職權或法律、法規命令或自治條例之授權，訂定自治規則

關於行政命令，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)法院並無行政命令合法性之審查權 (B)行政命令發布後，應即送立法院。如經立法院院會審查後，認有違法情事，經議決後，通知原機關更正或廢止 (C)行政命令之廢止，由總統為之 (D)須行政命令有明顯重大瑕疵者，始生廢止事由

司法院釋字第75 號解釋表示，「查制憲國民大會，對於國民大會代表不得兼任官吏，及現任官吏不得當選為國民大會代表之主張均未採納」，因此國民大會代表非不得兼任官吏。於此，大法官主要採取下列何種解釋方法？ (A)限縮解釋 (B)文義解釋 (C)目的解釋 (D)歷史解釋

民法第222 條規定，故意或重大過失之責任，不得預先免除。對此，最高法院判例表示，債務人因欠缺善良管理人之注意而發生之輕過失責任，非不得由當事人依特約予以免除。於此則判例中，最高法院主要採取下列何種解釋方法？ (A)反面解釋 (B)合憲性解釋 (C)擴張解釋 (D)歷史解釋

行政機關藉由立法制定當時的相關立法文件，探究行政法規之規範意旨，此係運用何種解釋方法？ (A)體系解釋 (B)歷史解釋 (C)目的解釋 (D)文義解釋

除所有權外，民法上物權依其功能區分為用益物權與擔保物權，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)不動產役權屬於用益物權 (B)留置權屬於擔保物權 (C)抵押權屬於用益物權 (D)質權屬於擔保物權

甲、乙二人口頭約定，甲以每月新臺幣3 萬元的租金租用乙在鄉下的A 屋，租期3 年，下列敘述，何者正確？ (A)A 屋的租賃契約無效，因未訂立書面契約 (B)當事人間存在A 屋的不定期租賃關係 (C)在作成書面契約前，A 屋的租賃契約不生效力 (D)乙僅得依不當得利請求甲返還其使用A 屋所取得之利益

依我國著作權法規定，有關著作權的敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)著作人死亡後，著作人格權隨之消滅，任何人均得自由利用 (B)著作人格權與著作財產權，必然歸屬於同一人 (C)未公開發表之著作原件，除作為買賣之標的或經本人允諾者外，不得作為強制執行之標的 (D)著作財產權專屬於著作人本身，不得任意讓與他人

40 歲之甲男與乙女為夫妻，甲獨自登玉山山頂，言明2 天回來，卻逾2 週未歸，而被認定為失蹤。依民法有關死亡宣告之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)檢察官得向法院聲請為甲之死亡宣告 (B)甲失蹤後，未置財產管理人時，其財產應由乙管理 (C)因甲自失蹤之日起已滿3 年，法院得因乙之聲請，宣告甲死亡 (D)法院一旦為死亡之宣告後，甲不視為死亡，僅為推定死亡

依司法院釋字意旨，下列規定何者並不違憲？ (A)刊登化粧品廣告前必須先送交主管機關審查內容 (B)對於電視上性資訊之傳播，予以適當之限制 (C)人民團體不得主張共產主義或分裂國土 (D)受刑人撰寫文稿須題意正確，無礙監獄紀律，始得准許投寄報章雜誌

A 公司職員甲於開車送貨途中因過失與乙發生車禍，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)乙僅得向A 或甲其中一人主張損害賠償 (B)乙得向A 及甲主張連帶損害賠償 (C)乙僅得向甲主張損害賠償 (D)乙僅得向A 主張損害賠償

甲創作一大型雕塑作品A，由乙公司買入置於大廈門口作為公共空間造景，並對外公開展出。丙某日偶然行經此處，以該雕塑為背景進行人像攝影，創作照片B 參賽獲獎。下列敘述何者正確？ (A)關於A 雕塑，甲是著作人，乙是著作財產權人 (B)關於A 雕塑，乙是著作原件所有權人，乙得公開展示之，無庸得甲之同意 (C)因為丙未經甲同意，故丙無法取得B 照片著作權 (D)關於B 照片，丙未經甲同意而以攝影方式重製該雕塑，已構成侵害重製權

依司法院釋字第443 號解釋意旨，有關法律保留原則，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)財產權與工作權之保障均有憲法明文規定，故其保障均屬憲法保留事項 (B)憲法第8 條規定中屬於憲法保留之事項者，不得以法律加以變更 (C)執行法律之細節性和技術性事項，不得由主管機關發布命令為必要之規範 (D)給付行政涉及人民權益之得喪，不得以法律授權主管機關以發布命令之方式為之

Her art exhibit was aof imaginative sculptures and paintings that captured the audience’s imagination. (A)kaleidoscope (B)monotony (C)dullness (D)tedium

To escape from the hustle and bustle of city life, the couple sold their house in the big city and decided to liveincountryside for good. (A)accidentally (B)intensively (C)mysteriously (D)permanently

The spokesperson’s vague and elusive response did little tothe growing public concern over thecontaminated water. (A)alleviate (B)suffocate (C)ornament (D)rehabilitate

The generous host provided a/anamount of food and drinks for all the guests at the party. (A)ample (B)scarce (C)meager (D)insufficient

Hand nerve repair surgery is a complex andprocedure that aims to reconnect any broken nerves. (A)delicate (B)eloquent (C)ignorant (D)rehearsal

The mountain climbers had towith freezing temperatures and a lack of oxygen as they pushed toward thesummit. (A)collide (B)compose (C)conflict (D)contend

After I submitted the receipt, the company agreed tome for the travel expenses incurred during the business trip. (A)subtract (B)reimburse (C)console (D)condone

The successful music festivala variety of musical styles, as well as aboriginal foods, crafts, and drinks. (A)dismissed (B)shrank (C)downgraded (D)featured

During the interview, the politicianhis answers to avoid taking a clear stance on the controversial issue. (A)hedged (B)devoted (C)provoked (D)conducted

Even with proper training and care, some wild animals cannot becomeand affectionate companions. (A)fierce (B)seductive (C)tame (D)flexible

The firefighter rushed into the burning building to rescue the trapped occupants by, ignoring personal safety. (A)instinct (B)intensity (C)maturity (D)insult

The publication of Harry Potter helpedJ. K. Rowling’s reputation as one of the most famous Englishnovelists. (A)solicit (B)solidify (C)revolve (D)resolve

Working inoften leads to mistakes that could have been avoided with a more careful approach. (A)moderation (B)prudence (C)restraint (D)haste

The mayorquestions about his scandal involving the actress. (A)dodged (B)consumed (C)bounced (D)stitched

Some people accept the scientists’that lives may exist on Mars. (A)innovation (B)intervention (C)interpretation (D)interrogation

The team members worked together totheir efforts, each contributing their skills and expertise to achievea common goal efficiently and effectively. (A)diminish (B)divide (C)condense (D)coordinate

To quickly gather the main ideas of the article, she decided tothrough it before the meeting. (A)brim (B)rim (C)skim (D)trim

The mayora deep sense of loss to the families of the mine explosion victims. (A)captured (B)conveyed (C)supposed (D)replied

The old man is asas a mule; he never listens to others’ opinions. (A)approximate (B)intimate (C)passionate (D)obstinate

Hoping tothe country’s economy, the government is carrying out a new fiscal policy. (A)worsen (B)regress (C)degrade (D)improve

All of the spa resorts arefrom the hotel via free public transportation. (A)accessible (B)subsequent (C)vulnerable (D)aggressive

My three-year old nieceshowed off the birthday present that she liked very much. (A)gleefully (B)miserably (C)pathetically (D)fluently

The charity deservesfor helping many poor families make ends meet during the recession. (A)casualty (B)descent (C)credit (D)penalty

Thebetween the two sisters was so striking that people often mistook them for twins. (A)expenditure (B)prosecution (C)resemblance (D)subsistence

All students wereby the puzzle given by the instructor as none of them was able to solve it. (A)baffled (B)bailed (C)barged (D)banned

The long-termunder the sun might cause serious damage to us such as aging, skin burns, or skin cancer. (A)benefit (B)approach (C)exposure (D)reflection

Music has a material side which wethrough the sense of hearing and a spiritual side that reaches usthrough the imaginative and emotional part of us. (A)apprehend (B)reprehend (C)express (D)extend

The imminent threat of a thunderstormus to quickly gather our belongings and seek shelter indoors beforethe rain started pouring down. (A)promoted (B)prompted (C)prevented (D)preempted請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題：The world renowned Songkran, much celebrated on April 13th each year, is the Thai New Year’s national day. In orderto let people go home for this holiday, the Thai government

Don’t put your wool sweater in the washing machine; it may. (A)shrink (B)separate (C)shovel (D)splash請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題：Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve ourrelationships, develop our worldview, and even change people’s minds. Listening in a one-on-one conversation is aboutbeing interested in another person and making them feel

The eagle that was severely injured in a storm returned to the wild this week after. (A)contention (B)implementation (C)subordination (D)rehabilitation請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題：The advent of the internet has profoundly impacted nearly every aspect of our daily life. It has, for instance,

the festival to a seven-day holiday beginning fromApril 9th to 16th. The word, “Songkran,” which is “samkrānti” in Sanskrit, carries the meaning of “astrological passage”with its

. There are no universally agreed-upon definitions ofhigh-quality listening, but researchers have found that merely smiling and nodding at set intervals doesn’t quite work.Therefore, in addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body languagethat

transformed the way people communicate with each other. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, X, etc.allow individuals to express ideas instantly. Messages that once took days or weeks to arrive can now be transmitted ina matter of seconds. Not only has communication become faster, but it has also become more

of transformation or change. Viewed as ritual cleansing, the Songkran celebrations have people engagethemselves to water fighting in public. It has thus become

their understanding and their desire to understand.Once the conversation begins, one of the most important things you can do is try not to interrupt. This doesn't meanyou need to stay completely silent. If you do interject,

—people now useimages, emojis, videos, and voice messages to express themselves. Online forums, blogs, and video-sharing sites havenew forms of interaction, enabling people from different cultures to engage in meaningful conversations. Nevertheless,the rise of digital communication has also raised concerns about privacy, cyberbullying, and mental health. Constantconnectivity can

and widespread among Thai and foreign visitors. Theorigin of Songkran Festival can be

, look for natural pauses to ask open-ended questions thathelp the speaker dive deeper into their own thoughts.Another great way is

information overload and feelings of isolation. The curated nature of online identities maycontribute to low self-esteem, particularly among younger users who compare themselves to unrealistic portrayals onsocial media. In this digital era, it is,

back to a Buddhist folk myth concerning harvest and spring. In the city ofSukhavati in Suvvannabhumi, Indra, King of Devas, witnessed the occurrence of corruption in the city where people weresinful for their bad behaviors and they led a life without faith in Dhamma. The king then decided to punish people by havingthem

summarizing what you just heard and asking if you’ve missed anything. This wouldshow the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand them rather than just waiting for your

, important to strike a balance between online and offline interactions.Spending time face-to-face with family and friends helps

by lack of water and food. There is even a drought with a hot sun burning people to death.41 (A)compressed (B)abridged (C)extended (D)abbreviated42 (A)capability (B)complexity (C)coincidence (D)connotation43 (A)prevalent (B)negligible (C)isolated (D)occasional44 (A)traced (B)spread (C)merged (D)disregarded45 (A)nurtured (B)impaired (C)intact (D)sound請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題：Pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, and birds, contribute roughly $500 billion a year to global food production.Being the primary pollinators of most wild plants and many crops, bees are particularly crucial to both ecosystem stabilityand agricultural productivity. However, bee populations have been on the decline worldwide over the years, which hascaptured the attention of scientists, governments, media, and the general public.Several anthropogenic drivers have been associated with declining bee populations, such as disturbances of their naturalhabitats as result of agricultural intensifications and urbanization, climate change, pesticides, and management practices. Bees’habitat loss and fragmentation are considered a major driver of their declines. Besides, climate changes in temperature andrainfall can cause significant alterations in natural habitats, thus reducing their suitability for wild bee populations.Pesticides have received much attention for their potential effects on bees. In a recent study, the research group reviewsimportant agrochemicals with demonstrated deleterious effects on eusocial bees. Using artificial intelligence tools, theresearchers explore how pesticide exposure contributes to declines in populations of honey bees, bumble bees, and stinglessbees. Still, many knowledge gaps remain. Future studies should continue to increase their focus and sophistication whentackling questions concerning the declining bee populations associated with the pesticide contamination.However, little research attention has been given to potential effects of management techniques on bee declines. Notuntil recently, a group of researchers has addressed the importance of improving beekeeping techniques and conservationstrategies to avoid reduction of genetic diversity in both managed and wild honey bees. They conclude that artificial andnatural selection are needed to maintain genetic diversity in honey bees to combat, for example, the bee susceptibility topathogens. However, more research needs to be conducted on potential effects of management techniques on bee declines.It is important to emphasize that scientific efforts alone are not enough. Additional strategies should be encouraged,including improvements of environmental education programs, changes in public awareness about wild bees throughappropriate media coverage, and improvements in dialogue between scientists, industry, stakeholders, and legislators.Only comprehensive approaches, discussed by different societal actors, will result in efficient and long-term strategiesto reduce the decline of wild bee populations.

to talk. Finally,don’t be afraid of silence; it’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and take a second to think, which canbenefit the speaker as well.41 (A)bored (B)ignored (C)understood (D)emptied42 (A)hide (B)indicate (C)challenge (D)reduce43 (A)in fact (B)thus (C)that is (D)however44 (A)at (B)by (C)for (D)to45 (A)path (B)limit (C)concern (D)turn請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題：A zoo is a place where captive animals are put on display for humans to see. The focus of most modern zoos isconservation and education. While zoo advocates and conservationists argue that zoos save endangered species andeducate the public, many animal rights activists believe the cost of confining animals outweighs the benefits, and that theviolation of the rights of individual animals—even in efforts to fend off extinction—cannot be justified.By bringing people and animals together, zoos educate the public and foster an appreciation of other species,supporters argued. Zoos save endangered species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protectedfrom poachers, habitat loss, starvation, and predators. Besides, seeing an animal in person is a much more personal andmore memorable experience than seeing that animal in a nature documentary and is more likely to foster an empatheticattitude toward animals. Some zoos help rehabilitate wildlife and take in exotic pets that people no longer want or are nolonger able to care for.But from an animal rights standpoint, humans do not have a right to breed, capture, and confine other animals—evenif those species are endangered. Being a member of an endangered species doesn't mean the individual animals should beafforded fewer rights. Animals in captivity suffer from boredom, stress, and confinement. Maintaining species diversitywithin captive breeding facilities is also a challenge. Animals sometimes escape their enclosures, endangering themselvesas well as people. Likewise, people ignore warnings or accidentally get too close to animals, leading to horrific outcomes.In making a case for or against zoos, both sides argue that they’re saving animals. Whether or not zoos benefit theanimal community, they certainly do make money. As long as there is demand for them, zoos will continue to exist.

emotional bonds and enhances real-life social skills.Setting boundaries for screen time and practicing digital detox can also improve one’s mental well-being.41 (A)cautiously (B)casually (C)drastically (D)merely42 (A)multilingual (B)multimodal (C)interpretive (D)integrative43 (A)lead to (B)fall through (C)abide by (D)ease off44 (A)nevertheless (B)nonetheless (C)moreover (D)therefore45 (A)hinder (B)nurture (C)suppress (D)abandon請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題：Water is one of the fundamental ingredients for life on Earth and our bodies are mainly composed of it. When we areforced to go without water, things can turn nasty very fast indeed. On average, water makes up about 60-70% of thehuman body, largely depending on your age. Our bodies lose water through our urine, sweat, feces and breath, so wehave to continually replace this by drinking and eating. If we don’t do this, our bodies can become dehydrated. Whenexercising in a hot environment, the human body can lose between 1.5-3 liters of water every hour due to sweat. Another200-1,500 ml can be lost as moisture in exhaled breath, depending on the humidity of the surrounding air. As we losemore water, our ability to cool down through sweating also decreases, making overheating more of a risk. With no waterin a climate of 50 degrees Celsius (122℉), coupled with extreme exercise, dehydration can quickly become lethal.The first stage of dehydration is thirst when we lose body fluid equivalent to just 2% of our body weight. “When thirstkicks in, your body clings to all remaining moisture,” says Dileep Lobo, professor of gastrointestinal surgery, whoresearches fluids and electrolyte balance. “Your kidneys send less water to your bladder, darkening your urine. As yousweat less, your body temperature rises. Your blood becomes thicker and sluggish. To maintain oxygen levels, your heartrate increases.” The rate at which dehydration occurs varies.At the second stage, when we lose water 4% of our body weight, blood pressure drops and fainting can occur. With morewater leaving our bodies than coming in, our blood starts to thicken and become more concentrated, meaning ourcardiovascular system has to work harder to keep our blood pressure up. Our kidneys try to compensate by retaining morewater through reduced urination, and water rushes out of our cells into our blood stream, causing them to shrink in size.The third stage, when 7% of body weight is lost, is organ damage. “Your body is having trouble maintaining bloodpressure,” says Lobo. “To survive, it slows blood flow to non-vital organs, such as your kidneys and gut, causing damage.Without your kidneys filtering your blood, cellular waste quickly builds up. You’re literally dying for a glass of water.”

Which of the following titles best describes this passage? (A)Pollinators and Their Natural Habitats. (B)Causes for Declining Bee Populations. (C)Pollinators and Their Contribution to Food Production. (D)Measures for Keeping Bees from Becoming Endangered.

What is the main idea of this passage? (A)The pros and cons about the zoo. (B)The way how the zoos make money. (C)The tremendous cost of running a zoo. (D)The importance of animal conservation.

What would be the best title for the passage? (A)What We Should Do When Dehydrated. (B)The Ways Water Leaves Our Bodies. (C)Regulation of Blood Pressure. (D)When Our Bodies Lack Water.

What is the main idea of the third paragraph? (A)A recent study showed deleterious effects of agrochemicals on eusocial bees. (B)Artificial intelligence tools have been used to explore declining bee populations. (C)More research is needed to study the link between pesticide use and bee declines. (D)Researchers are trying to prove damaging effects of pesticides on bee populations.

According to the advocates, which of the following is the benefit of the zoo? (A)Zoo animals in captivity get enough food and water. (B)Zoos help maintain the species diversity in the nature. (C)Zoos can educate the public and foster appreciations. (D)Zoos offer ideal habitats for all animals.

Which of the following is NOT a symptom caused by a body water loss of 2%? (A)Slower heart rate. (B)Darker colored urine. (C)Higher body temperature. (D)Slower blood flow.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? (A)Bees’ natural habitat loss is a major driver for their declining populations. (B)Effects of management techniques on bee declines have been well studied. (C)Bees’ exposure to pesticide has contributed to declines in their populations. (D)Changes in public awareness about wild bees can help reduce their declines.

Why do animal rights activists oppose the existence of zoos? (A)Zoos offer too much food and space to animals. (B)Zoos foster an empathetic attitude toward animals. (C)Zoos should not interfere with the life of any species. (D)Zoos should not make money at the expense of animals.

According to the passage, which of the following is similar in meaning to the word “lethal”? (A)Faint. (B)Fluid. (C)Deadly. (D)Darkening.

Which of the following best replaces “disturbances” in the second paragraph? (A)Disclosures (B)Disengagements (C)Disruptions (D)Dissatisfactions

According to the passage, which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “exotic”? (A)Common (B)Unusual (C)Ordinary (D)Creative

What will our cells become when we lose water 4% of body weight? (A)Smaller. (B)Larger. (C)Active. (D)Thicker.

Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage? (A)Declining bee populations is expected to damage global food production. (B)Controlling climate changes can resolve the problem of bees' habitat loss. (C)Artificial selection has replaced natural selection for genetic diversity in bees. (D)Group scientific efforts are key to keeping wild bees from becoming endangered.

What can be inferred about the author's belief in zoos? (A)Zoos will continue to exist. (B)Running zoos earns big money. (C)Everyone should be a zoo advocate. (D)Animal rights activists are in great demand.

What stage is it when kidneys are damaged because of dehydration? (A)Stage 1. (B)Stage 2. (C)Stage 3. (D)Stage 4.