海巡行政 110 年法學知識與英文考古題

依憲法之規定，下列何者為判斷人民是否為中華民國國民之標準？ (A)種族 (B)戶籍 (C)國籍 (D)國家認同

依據司法院釋字第499 號解釋，民意代表之權限，應直接源自國民之授權，任期屆滿，除有不能改選之正當理由外，應即改選，乃約定之首要者。此乃下列何種原則之意涵？ (A)正當性原則 (B)天賦人權原則 (C)國民主權原則 (D)共和國原則

下列有關基本國策中社會安全的敘述，何者正確？ (A)國家對於具工作能力者，應予適當工作機會，故人民有向國家請求提供工作機會的權利 (B)社會補償制度，指的是對於經濟能力較差者，對於其所受的社會經濟待遇給予補償 (C)基本國策規定國家應該制定保護勞工法律，但保護勞工之內容與方法，立法者有形成自由而不受拘束 (D)國家為謀社會福利，應實施社會保險制度

有關憲法第140 條規定「現役軍人不得兼任文官」，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)軍職是服公職權的一種 (B)對於武職人員的兼職限制 (C)為軍政軍令一元化的體現 (D)現役軍人停職可轉任文官

SARS 期間有醫師未依規定回到院區集中強制隔離而遭裁罰，依據為當時傳染病防治法第37 條第1 項：「曾與傳染病病人接觸或疑似被傳染者，得由該管主管機關予以留驗；必要時，得令遷入指定之處所檢查，或施行預防接種等必要之處置。」大法官就此作成釋字第690 號解釋，關於此解釋之內容，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)「必要之處置」違反法律明確性原則 (B)強制隔離係為保護人民生命安全與身體健康，性質上與刑事逮捕拘禁不同，不適用憲法第8 條 (C)強制隔離雖剝奪人身自由，但係為保護重大公益目的所採取的合理必要手段 (D)強制隔離對人身自由影響重大，須經中立、公正之法院加以審查，方得實施

菸害防制法第9 條規定：「促銷菸品或為菸品廣告，不得以下列方式為之：⋯⋯八、以茶會、餐會、說明會、品嚐會、演唱會、演講會、體育或公益等活動，或其他類似方式為宣傳。」依司法院大法官解釋意旨，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)該規定對於商業性言論造成限制，目的與手段之間須具有合理關聯性 (B)該規定目的在防制菸害及促進國民健康，並非重要公共利益，違憲 (C)該規定係為避免菸商假贊助之名，而達廣告或促銷菸品之實，手段並非最小侵害，違憲 (D)立法未對於酒商為相同限制，係考量菸害會對吸菸者以外之他人造成健康影響，屬於合憲之差別待遇

依司法院大法官解釋之意旨，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)祭祀公業條例維護傳統規約依循傳統宗族觀念以男系子孫（含養子）為派下員之約定，使女子不得為派下員，尚不違反性別平等 (B)民法未容許相同性別二人結婚，違反平等保護 (C)民法規定父母對於未成年子女權利之行使意思不一致時，由父行使，並不違反性別平等 (D)道路交通管理處罰條例禁止曾犯特定罪名者擔任計程車駕駛，其目的在保障乘客之人身安全，尚屬合憲

關於憲法對宗教信仰自由之保障，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)我國憲法於解釋上，僅在保障個人之信仰自由，而無政教分離或宗教中立原則之內涵 (B)宗教平等原則禁止國家對特定宗教給予獎勵或不利益 (C)內在信仰之自由涉及宗教信仰自由之核心，原則上受憲法絕對之保障 (D)信仰宗教自由兼具個人自由權與團體自由權之功能

依司法院釋字第749 號解釋意旨，對於乘客之安全有何風險時，國家始可廢止計程車執業登記？ (A)實質風險 (B)特別風險 (C)一般風險 (D)剩餘風險

違憲政黨之解散，應由何機關審理？ (A)憲法法庭 (B)行政法院 (C)内政部 (D)特別委員會

依憲法增修條文之規定，下列關於覆議之敘述，何者正確？ (A)立法院必須在一定期間內議決，逾期未議決時，原決議有效 (B)覆議時，經全體立法委員二分之一以上維持原案，行政院院長應即接受該決議或辭職 (C)行政院得不經總統之核可，移請立法院覆議 (D)行政院得對於立法院決議之法律案、預算案、條約案提出覆議

關於憲法第7 條之平等權保障，依據司法院大法官解釋，下列何者同時涉及人性尊嚴之維護？ (A)跨國與境內婚姻媒合得否收受報酬之不同 (B)立法者分配國家資源，決定各項社會給付之優先順序、受益人範圍等 (C)菸品業者與酒類業者表意自由之不同 (D)原籍陸籍人民與原籍外籍人民服公職權利之不同

關於立法權之敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A)立法院制定公民投票法，使立法院自身得就重大政策之爭議，交由中央選舉委員會辦理公民投票，牴觸權力分立原則 (B)立法院基於民主正當性之立法責任，得制定或修正法律，乃立法形成之範圍及其固有權限 (C)民意代表行使選民賦予之職權須遵守與選民約定，任期屆滿，除有不能改選之正當理由外應即改選 (D)立法委員在開會時，有向行政院院長及行政院各部會首長質詢之權

依所得稅法規定，納稅義務人就受長期照護者所支付之醫藥費，一律以付與公立醫院、全民健康保險特約醫療院、所，或經財政部認定其會計紀錄完備正確之醫院者為限，始得列舉扣除。對於身心失能無力自理生活而需長期照護者，將影響其何種基本權受憲法平等保障之意旨？ (A)生存權 (B)工作權 (C)財產權 (D)自由權

依憲法增修條文規定，立法委員35 人，未達下列何者之提案門檻？ (A)提議總統彈劾案 (B)提議憲法修正案 (C)提議總統罷免案 (D)提議領土變更案

憲法規定人民有納稅之義務，其有關之原則，不包括下列何者？ (A)稅捐公平原則 (B)租稅法律主義 (C)量能課稅原則 (D)租稅優惠禁止原則

下列何者非屬憲法規定的選舉方法？ (A)普通選舉 (B)間接選舉 (C)平等選舉 (D)無記名投票

依據司法院大法官解釋，關於性行為自由，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)受婚姻與家庭制度之相對制約 (B)屬於人格自主發展，不受任何制約 (C)為一般行為自由，與個人私密領域無關 (D)通姦罪違憲失效，任何性行為均屬合法

依司法院大法官解釋，下列何種基本權利受憲法第22 條之保障？ (A)學術自由 (B)營業自由 (C)財產權 (D)性行為自由

依據憲法或憲法增修條文規定，有關總統職權，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)總統依法公布法律，毋須經行政院院長之副署 (B)總統發布依憲法經立法院同意任命人員之任免命令，毋須經行政院院長之副署 (C)總統發布解散立法院之命令，毋須經行政院院長之副署 (D)總統發布緊急命令，須經行政院院長之副署

依憲法及增修條文規定，總統之權限不包括下列何者？ (A)主持行政院會議 (B)依法任免文武官員 (C)國家安全大政方針決定權 (D)發布緊急命令

依大法官解釋意旨，關於行政權，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)總統為憲法上之行政機關，且於憲法所賦予之行政權範圍內，亦為最高行政首長 (B)所有國家行政事務，原則上均納入以行政院為金字塔頂端之層級式行政體制掌理 (C)行政首長享有行政特權，而得不公開足以影響或干預行政部門有效運作之資訊 (D)為避免損及獨立機關之獨立性與自主性，行政院院長對獨立機關之重要人事，應無決定權

有關地方自治團體居民之權利，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)對於地方公職人員有依法創制之權 (B)對於地方公職人員有依法複決之權 (C)對於地方自治事項有依法選舉之權 (D)對於地方自治事項有依法創制之權

對於立法權之敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A)立法機關之民主正當性，較諸司法機關更能反映當代社會多元價值 (B)涉及國家整體資源配置運用與經濟結構等政策性問題，立法應有較廣泛的形成空間 (C)我國憲政體制係採取代議民主，但亦保障人民有公民投票的權利 (D)立法院為國家最高立法機關，人民與代議士之間的關係，本於契約授權之概念，應限於命令委任制

關於各級法院所設之庭長，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)庭長係為統一訴訟指揮程序所設之機制 (B)身分獨立性之保障對象不及於庭長 (C)令免兼庭長之人事行政行為對法官之俸給無不利影響 (D)關於庭長之遴選與任免，宜以法律定之

關於考試院之職權，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)公務人員之保障 (B)公務人員之懲戒 (C)公務人員之考試 (D)專門職業及技術人員執業資格之銓定

依憲法及增修條文規定，下列何者並非司法院大法官之職權？ (A)解釋憲法 (B)政黨違憲審查權 (C)審理總統、副總統彈劾案 (D)統一解釋最高法院各庭之歧異見解

有關懲戒法院，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)懲戒法院審理懲戒案件，採一級一審制 (B)懲戒法院審理懲戒案件，採一級一審為原則，二級二審為例外 (C)懲戒法院審理懲戒案件，採二級二審制 (D)懲戒法院審理懲戒案件，一律由五名法官組成合議庭 > 答案：?

依憲法增修條文規定及司法院大法官解釋意旨，有關總統緊急命令權之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)緊急命令因具有暫時替代或變更法律之效力，原則上可具體、明確授權執行機關訂定補充規定 (B)總統僅得於立法院休會時發布緊急命令 (C)緊急命令之發布，不受憲法第23 條法律保留原則之限制，惟仍應遵守比例原則 (D)立法院就緊急命令行使追認權時，如認部分內容不當，得為部分追認，或逕予變更其內容

地方自治團體在既有法規範體系下之定位為何？ (A)行政法人 (B)公法人 (C)行政機關 (D)獨立機關

下列有關「法律的制裁」之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)法律的效果不限於制裁，但是制裁卻是相當重要的法律效果 (B)現代國家透過法律所要達成的政策目標種類日益增加，法律所規定的制裁種類亦越發紛雜多樣 (C)當國家課以制裁時，通常是以實施強制力的方式為之 (D)監護宣告，屬於民法上的制裁

以下有關法律及命令的敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)廣義的法律，可以包含憲法、法律和命令，都是屬於直接法源的一種 (B)憲法第170 條所規定的法律，係指經立法院三讀通過，由總統公布之法律 (C)中央法規標準法所規定之命令，僅限於行政機關依據法律授權所訂定的法規，並不包括依法定職權所訂定者 (D)行政程序法所規定之行政命令，包含行政機關基於法律授權所訂定之法規命令，以及依其權限或職權所訂定之行政規則

下列何部法律之條文未曾遭司法院大法官宣告違憲？ (A)集會遊行法 (B)出版法 (C)違警罰法 (D)檢肅流氓條例

甲任職於乙公司已滿8 個月並育有6 個月大之嬰兒，該公司之受雇員工有35 人。依性別工作平等法之規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲為照顧其嬰兒，得向乙公司請求調整工作時間 (B)甲因任職未滿1 年，故不得申請育嬰留職停薪 (C)甲平日若係親自哺育母乳，則除規定之休息時間外，乙公司應每日另外提供甲集乳時間60 分鐘。集乳時間不得視為工作時間 (D)甲為照顧其嬰兒，向乙公司請求每天減少工作時間1 小時，減少之工作時間亦得請求報酬

99 年8 月4 日修正之公務人員退休法，增訂公務人員之婚姻關係於公務人員退休生效時已存續2 年以上，退休公務人員死亡後，其配偶始得起領月撫慰金，並自100 年1 月1 日起施行。公務人員甲於民國87 年與乙結婚，婚後1 年多，甲即退休。後甲於100 年3 月死亡。關於本案之法律適用，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)依中央法規標準法所規定之從新從優原則，應適用結婚時之舊法 (B)依後法優先於前法之原則，應適用修正後之新法 (C)依法律不溯及既往原則，應適用結婚時之舊法 (D)依不真正溯及既往原則，應適用修正後之新法

臺北市政府環保局為確保空氣品質，希望訂定自治法規，以臨停怠速超過5 分鐘的大型車輛為對象，處罰新臺幣10 萬元以下罰鍰。依地方制度法規定，臺北市政府環保局應如何作為？ (A)由臺北市議會決議通過自治條例後，並由臺北市政府環保局公布後施行 (B)由臺北市政府環保局自行擬定後，送交內政部核定後發布施行 (C)由臺北市議會決議通過自治條例後，分別報經行政院與中央主管機關核定後發布施行 (D)提請臺北市議會與行政院環境保護署共同商議內容，再由立法院內政委員會決議後公布施行

依司法院大法官解釋，大法官於審查法律合憲性遇有立法程序之瑕疵時，應如何審查，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)法律既已公布生效，大法官不得介入審查 (B)大法官調查事實不受限制，一經發現有立法程序瑕疵時，即得宣告其為無效 (C)立法程序之瑕疵基於議事自律，立法院應自行認定並解決，但若有明顯重大瑕疵者，釋憲機關仍得宣告其為無效 (D)大法官僅得形式審查總統之公布與行政院院長之副署是否正確無誤

法令定有施行期限者，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)法律定有期限者，主管機關認為需要延長者，應於期限屆滿一個月前送立法院審議 (B)法律定有期限者，其期限在立法院休會期限內屆滿者，應於立法院休會一個月前送立法院 (C)命令定有期限者，主管機關認為需要延長者，應於期限屆滿一個月前，由原發布機關之上級機關發布之 (D)授予人民經濟利益之法規預先訂有施行期間者，在該期間內即應予較高程度之信賴保護，非有極為重要之公益，不得加以限制

下列法律條文，何者非法律的擬制？ (A)二人以上同時遇難，不能證明其死亡之先後時，推定其為同時死亡 (B)電能、熱能及其他能量，關於本章之罪，以動產論 (C)胎兒以將來非死產者為限，關於其個人利益之保護，視為既已出生 (D)因條件成就而受利益之當事人，如以不正當行為促其條件之成就者，視為條件不成就

司法院釋字第792 號解釋「現行毒品條例前身⋯⋯即採區分『販賣⋯⋯』、『販賣⋯⋯未遂』、『意圖販賣而持有⋯⋯』及『持有⋯⋯』四類不同之罪名，並由重至輕訂定相應法定刑度之立法模式⋯⋯。⋯⋯足見⋯⋯立法者⋯⋯自始至終，均無意將單純『購入』毒品之行為，以『販賣毒品既遂』論處。」是屬於下列何種法律解釋方法？ (A)文義解釋 (B)歷史解釋 (C)目的解釋 (D)體系解釋

關於法律保留原則，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)並非所有政府行為均須法律保留 (B)並非一切自由權利均受憲法同等保障 (C)並非所有對人民權利之限制均須由法律規定 (D)法律授權主管機關訂定命令時，授權明確之程度必須完全一致

依司法院釋字第613 號解釋，國家通訊傳播委員會組織法中關於委員任滿提名及出缺提名之規定，實質上幾近完全剝奪行政院之人事決定權，因此違反下列何種原則而與憲法意旨不符？ (A)法律保留原則 (B)政治問題不審查原則 (C)國會自律原則 (D)權力分立原則

主管機關於裁量外國人申請歸化案件時，以國籍法所無之要件，認該外國人之本國與中華民國非友好國家而拒絕其歸化。此舉最可能構成下列何者？ (A)裁量濫用 (B)裁量萎縮至零 (C)計畫裁量 (D)行政保留

立法機關有鑑於近年因濫用笑氣而導致死亡案例頻傳，從而制定法律重罰未經核可而持有笑氣者，並且明定於該法公布施行前所查獲濫用笑氣者，亦得依該法裁處。此舉恐違反下列何種原則？ (A)法律不溯及既往原則 (B)法律明確性原則 (C)權力分立原則 (D)不當聯結禁止原則

稅捐稽徵法與行政程序法均有關於「送達」之規定，則就稅捐文書之送達，此二部法律之適用關係如何？ (A)稅捐稽徵法屬特別法，依特別法優於普通法原則，應僅適用稅捐稽徵法 (B)行政程序法雖屬普通法，但其中關於送達之規定較為完整，應僅適用行政程序法 (C)稅捐稽徵法作為特別法而優先適用，於規範不足時補充適用行政程序法 (D)由行政機關視具體個案而決定應適用何法律

司法院釋字第485 號解釋：「有關社會政策之立法，⋯⋯關於給付方式與額度之規定，亦應力求與受益人之基本生活需求相當，不得超過達成目的所需必要限度而給予明顯過度之照顧。」上述解釋內容係以下列那一憲法原則審查？ (A)平等原則 (B)比例原則 (C)信賴保護原則 (D)誠實信用原則

關於我國股份有限公司之規定，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)公司得依章程規定不設董事會，置董事1 人或2 人 (B)非公開發行公司，不得採用董事候選人提名制度 (C)公開發行公司就董事選舉，可選擇不採用累積投票制 (D)公司股東會不得在董事任期中，無正當理由而決議解任董事

下列有關婚姻效力之敘述，何者正確？ (A)夫妻之住所地為夫妻履行同居義務的唯一處所 (B)針對未成年學生就讀安親班所積欠的費用，安親班負責人不能僅向學生之父或母其中一方請求給付，必須向父母雙方同時請求學費之給付 (C)訂立夫妻財產制契約，以口頭約定即合法有效 (D)甲、乙為夫妻，由甲每日上市場買菜，月底攤商結帳請求付款時，可向乙請求給付當月菜錢

關於勞工保險月投保薪資之敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)直接以被保險人之實際薪資數額作為投保薪資數額，向保險人申報 (B)按被保險人之月薪資總額，依投保薪資分級表之規定，向保險人申報投保薪資 (C)每月收入不固定者之投保薪資月薪資總額，以最近6 個月收入之平均為準 (D)申報新進員工加保，其月薪資總額尚未確定者，可暫不申報

數人負同一債務，明示對於債權人各負全部給付之責任者，為連帶債務。關於連帶債務，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)數人負同一債務，而其給付可分者，除法律另有規定或契約另有訂定外，準用關於連帶債務之規定 (B)連帶債務之成立，除當事人明示成立外，僅限於法律規定 (C)連帶債務之債權人，得先對債務人中之一人，請求全部之給付 (D)因連帶債務人中之一人為清償而債務消滅者，他債務人亦同免其責任

債務人甲恐債權人乙查封其財產，甲乃與丙偽作買賣，將財產讓與丙。下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲丙間之債權行為有效，物權行為無效 (B)甲丙間之債權行為與物權行為效力未定 (C)甲丙間之債權行為無效，物權行為有效 (D)甲丙間之債權行為和物權行為均無效

依民法之規定，下列有關撤銷權之敘述，何者錯誤？ (A)撤銷權為形成權 (B)撤銷權之行使應由本人為之，不得代理 (C)撤銷權之行使為單獨行為 (D)撤銷權行使期間為除斥期間

甲、乙夫妻的18 歲獨生子丙，就讀高中三年級，於放學途中毆打路人丁，致丁右手指骨折。依民法規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)丁得對丙請求全部賠償 (B)丁得請求財產上損害賠償 (C)丁得請求非財產上損害賠償 (D)丁對甲僅得請求三分之一的損害賠償

有關刑法第135 條妨害公務罪，下列敘述何者正確？ (A)妨害公務罪之保護法益在於公務員之身分，因此，只要是公務員，即便是休假著便服外出，路見不平排解民眾的紛爭，於此過程中受到民眾的強暴脅迫行為，即成立妨害公務罪 (B)公務員所執行者縱非其於法令內所應為之職務，對之施以強暴脅迫，仍以妨害公務罪論 (C)於公務員依法執行職務時，雖未有積極加以對抗、反制或攻擊之行為，但以消極不作為不予配合，已符合該條第1 項所規定「強暴」或「脅迫」之概念 (D)公務員依法執行公務，如依循法令、未逾越法令之授權範圍與職務範圍，對公務員之行為不得主張正當防衛

依民法之規定，下列有關共有關係之敘述，何者正確？ (A)首期合會金，為會首與全體合會會員公同共有 (B)繼承人有數人時，在分割遺產前，各繼承人對於遺產全部為公同共有 (C)夫妻之財產及所得，合併為共同財產時，為夫妻分別共有之 (D)合夥人之出資與合夥之財產，各合夥人就出資之比例分別共有之

有關著作權的敘述，下列何者正確？ (A)在社群媒體上發表文章時，於文章開頭註明作者為甲，依著作權法規定得推定該文章之著作人為甲 (B)中央機關之公務員於職務上完成之著作，若無特別契約約定，應以該中央機關為著作人 (C)思想與概念是個人精神表達的核心，因此著作權除保護著作之表達外，也會保護所表達之思想與概念 (D)侵害著作人格權者，僅須對所造成之財產上損害，負損害賠償責任，至於非財產上之損害，不負損害賠償責任

甲在某大學研究所考試中，事先竊取試題應考，使原本可能名落孫山的自己金榜題名。下列敘述何者正確？ (A)甲的行為不構成刑法第137 條的妨害考試罪，因為研究所入學考試非屬依考試法所舉行之考試 (B)甲的行為構成刑法第137 條的妨害考試罪，因為竊取試題屬詐術或非法之方法 (C)甲的行為不構成刑法第137 條的妨害考試罪，因為其行為不必然使考試發生不正確之結果 (D)甲的行為構成刑法第137 條的妨害考試罪，因為其行為已經使考試發生不正確之結果

依勞動基準法第16 條第3 項之規定，雇主終止勞動契約若未給予法定之預告期間，應給付預告期間工資。下列敘述何者正確？ (A)因為雇主已經預告勞工要離職，勞工也同意工作到預告期屆滿當日，雇主無需給付底薪，但是應該持續給付相關津貼、獎金等項目，只要有超過基本工資即可 (B)由於勞動契約已經被預告終止，在預告期間內勞工僅是在準備離職之程序，雇主已無需給付任何工資 (C)因為勞動契約於預告期屆滿之前仍有效，即便勞工可以請謀職假，雇主應給付之原領工資範圍，仍包括底薪、工作獎金、全勤獎金、特定職務加給⋯⋯等等一般情形下可以獲得之給付 (D)因為雇主已經預告勞工要離職，勞工也可以請謀職假，雇主應該只需要給付基本工資，無需給付定期會獲得之津貼、獎金等項目

依家庭暴力防治法之規定，有關民事保護令，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)保護令之聲請，原則上應以書面為之 (B)被害人得向法院聲請通常保護令、暫時保護令與緊急保護令 (C)法院於受理民事保護令之聲請後，得於審理終結前聽取社會福利機構之意見 (D)當被害人有受急迫危險時，檢察官或警察機關得以電信傳真之方式聲請緊急保護令

下列關於法律分類之說明，何者錯誤？ (A)區分公法與私法的目的，係決定紛爭應該到何種審判機關進行訴訟 (B)普通法是適用所有人，特別法則僅適用於某部分人，故普通法優先於特別法適用 (C)強行法為絕對適用的法律，違反者行為無效或被課予處罰。任意法則由當事人決定是否適用 (D)程序法是關於訴訟或非訟過程的規範，實體法則關於各種權利義務關係之規範

To make the contract more complete, the hockey stara clause that would guarantee him 50% of hissalary if an injury ended his career. (A)renounced (B)inserted (C)represented (D)structured

Insurance companies have a new method of planning which involves both artificial intelligence andhumanexperts. (A)analyzed (B)realized (C)specialized (D)verbalized

The policethemselves as tourists, secretly videotaping visitors as they moved round the exhibitionsite. (A)consigned (B)harmonized (C)moderated (D)disguised

In many cultures, an amulet is used toevil spirits and bring good luck or protection to its owner. (A)drop out (B)stand for (C)ward off (D)wind up

New satellite images of Antarctica just revealed a number of Emperor penguin colonies that scientists werenotof in their early research. (A)anxious (B)aware (C)afraid (D)acquired

Most museums have completedof their artworks to make it easy for the public to browse them online. (A)digitalization (B)decoration (C)assimilation (D)elimination

In a democratic country, everyone isto the freedom of speech and expression. This right is protectedby the law. (A)empowered (B)enabled (C)endowed (D)entitled

The company'sthis quarter exceeded its income. The boss decided to cut down the allowance for theexpenses next quarter. (A)expenditure (B)fabrication (C)hardliner (D)incentive

After his heart attack, the doctor put him on a strict, and regular appointments are scheduled for furthercheckups. (A)decency (B)regimen (C)casualty (D)shipwreck

The CMP in cocoa butter maythe growth of tumors and greatly reduce the threat of cancer. (A)contribute (B)advocate (C)fortify (D)inhibit

When celebrating a new year, we often wish others happiness,, and good health. (A)resistance (B)prosperity (C)temptation (D)succession

The conservatives believe that English words have fixed andmeanings while the liberals feel that wordscan change their meanings according to circumstances. (A)invariable (B)plausible (C)transformative (D)understandable

One benefit of working past the normal retirement age is the ability tocurrent standard of living byincreasing lifetime income. (A)maintain (B)mandate (C)manifest (D)manufacture

An independent consultant has been brought in tobetween the two sides involved in the conflict. (A)authorize (B)humiliate (C)conciliate (D)mesmerize

Sadly, their recent, truncated live shows bore no evidence of new material with which totheir success. (A)sustain (B)suppress (C)suspect (D)suspend

The famous researcher was accused of intentionally falsifying data, so all the research grants paid by the institutewere. (A)recalled (B)reclaimed (C)reconciled (D)refunded

Patrick is such a good-natured person; he practicesfaithfully and is always more than ready to helpneedy people. (A)altruism (B)cynicism (C)euphemism (D)metabolism

Alex has great communication skills; he canhis thoughts and feelings easily and comfortably. (A)cauterize (B)jeopardize (C)stigmatize (D)verbalize

At the roots of my hair asensation began and ran down the surface of my flesh, leaving me goose-fleshed and cold. (A)tingling (B)tempering (C)twittering (D)twinkling請依下文回答第41 題至第45 題With the advent of freezers, we’re able to preserve our food longer than before. But is there a differencebetween fresh and frozen produce

When an insect flies into the cobweb, the _____ of the thread tells the spider that food is waiting for him. (A)jerking (B)jingling (C)tinkling (D)texting請依下文回答第41題至第45題：In 1913, Voeltzkow's chameleon disappeared from the wild, never to be seen in its native Madagascar again. But now,more than a century later, scientists have surprisingly rediscovered it. The reptile's

nutrition? Well, it highly depends on the circumstances. Most food youtake off the shelf in a grocery store

is the result of a push fromthe Global Wildlife Conservation's Search for Lost Species program. Researchers began combing Madagascar for thechameleon in March 2018;

under-ripe to avoid damage during travel time. This means it hasn’tyet reached its peak nutrition. Furthermore, the minute it is picked, its nutritional content begins to

, they came up empty until the expedition was nearly over. With just days left in thejourney, a professional guide

. Whenit finally appears on your dinner table days later, the food may lose up to 50 percent of its nutritional value. Frozenfoods,

one of the chameleons, and ultimately eighteen were rediscovered. So how has anentire species managed to go without

, are picked when they’re ripe and frozen immediately.

for so long? Scientists suspect the chameleons may only live for severalmonths after hatching. The

the quick freeze process may affectsome of the vitamin content, it essentially locks most of the nutrients in place. Compared with the fresh producethat has been sitting around for days, there’s no doubt that frozen foods contain more nutrition.41 (A)instead of (B)in terms of (C)in place of (D)in spite of42 (A)was harvesting (B)has harvested (C)had harvested (D)has been harvested43 (A)descend (B)deflate (C)deprive (D)deteriorate44 (A)in the meantime (B)in some respects (C)on the other hand (D)for the time being45 (A)Although (B)Despite (C)However (D)Nonetheless請依下文回答第46 題至第50 題At the beginning of the 20th century, less than 1,000 colleges with 160,000 students existed in the US. Thenumber of colleges skyrocketed in waves, during the early and mid 20th century. State universities grew from smallinstitutions of fewer than 1,000 students to campuses with 40,000 more students, with networks of regionalcampuses around the state. In turn, regional campuses broke away and became separate universities.To handle the explosive growth of K–12 education, every state set up a network of teachers’colleges, beginningwith Massachusetts in the 1830s. After 1950, they became state colleges and then state universities with a broadcurriculum. Major new trends included the development of the junior colleges. They were usually set up by cityschool systems starting in the 1920s. By the 1960s they were renamed as “community colleges.”Junior colleges grew from 20 in number in 1909, to 170 in 1919. By 1922, 37 states had set up 70 juniorcolleges, enrolling about 150 students each. Meanwhile, another 137 were privately operated, with about 60 studentseach. Rapid expansion continued in the 1920s, with 440 junior colleges in 1930 enrolling about 70,000 students.The peak year for private institutions came in 1949, when there were 322 junior colleges in all; 180 were affiliatedwith churches, 108 were independent and non-profit, and 34 were private schools being run for-profit.Many factors contributed to rapid growth of community colleges. Students parents and businessmen wantednearby, low-cost schools to provide training for the growing white-collar labor force, as well as for more advancedtechnical jobs in the blue-collar sphere. Four-year colleges were also growing, albeit not as fast; however, many ofthem were located in rural or small-town areas away from the fast-growing metropolis. Community collegescontinue as open-enrollment, low-cost institutions with a strong component of vocational education, as well as alow-cost preparation for transfer students into four-year schools. They appeal to a poorer, older, less preparedelement.

short life might partly explain why this splendid species got "lost" for so manydecades. Much of Voeltzkow's chameleons' life remains mysterious and researchers are trying to learn more about thespecies.41 (A)relocation (B)repetition (C)replication (D)reemergence42 (A)in fact (B)however (C)fortunately (D)consequently43 (A)spotted (B)detached (C)contained (D)obliged44 (A)proving it (B)being noticed (C)paying attention (D)getting involved45 (A)assumed (B)disastrous (C)superficial (D)intended請依下文回答第46題至第50題：Harriett Tubman is one of the most recognized icons in American history and her legacy has inspired countless peoplefrom every race and background. She was a woman of African descent who was born in slavery on a Maryland plantationin 1820. When she was only seven years old, she tried to run away from the plantation, but she was captured and severelybeaten for trying to run away. In 1849, she escaped to Pennsylvania. Soon after her escape, she became a conductor onthe Underground Railroad, which was not a real railroad. It was an informal network of people in the United States andCanada who believed slavery was wrong. They helped runaway slaves by giving them shelter on their journey out of theSouth. The members of the Underground Railroad helped hide the runaway or fugitive slaves, and then they "conducted"them to the next safe home or "station." After her escape from Maryland, Harriet Tubman returned to the South nineteentimes to help other slaves escape north. Between 1850 and 1860, she helped more than 300 slaves escape to freedom inthe North, including her own parents. She conducted many of these slaves along the Underground Railroad all the wayto Canada.In 1861, the American Civil War between the North and the South broke out, and Harriet went to help the army of theNorth, or, as it was also called, the Union Army. She worked as a nurse and helped to take care of thousands of recentlyfreed slaves. Harriet served as a nurse for the North, but she also served as a spy and a commando. In 1863, she and aUnion officer led a band of 150 black soldiers on a raid against the army of the South, or, as it was called, the ConfederateArmy. Harriett and the soldiers destroyed a lot of army supplies and then led nearly 800 slaves out of the area to freedom.With the end of the war, Harriett returned to Auburn, NY and married a Civil War veteran named Nelson Davis.Although her service in the Union Army was much publicized, she had great difficulty in getting a pension from thegovernment, but was eventually awarded a nurse's pension in the 1880s. Harriett also established the Harriet TubmanHome for the Aged on a property adjacent to her own. However, as Harriett aged, the head injuries sustained early in herlife became more painful and disruptive. She underwent brain surgery at Boston's Massachusetts General Hospital toalleviate the pains and "buzzing" she experienced regularly. At the age of 93, Harriett died of pneumonia on March 10,1913, surrounded by friends and family. She was buried with military honors at Fort Hill Cemetery in Auburn. All in all,Harriet Tubman did not have an easy life, but a very remarkable life. She was a small woman in stature, but she was agiant in the story of the fight against slavery in the United States and, indeed, in the world.

Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the text above? (A)At the beginning, there were less than 1,000 colleges with 160,000 students existing in the US. (B)In the 1830s, state colleges and universities were set up to train teachers for the explosive growth of K–12education. (C)Junior colleges were usually set up by city school systems starting in the 1930s. (D)Community colleges were renamed from junior colleges as low-cost institutions with a strong componentof vocational education.

What happened when young Harriet was sent back to the plantation after she ran away? (A)She was severely beaten. (B)She saved her brother's life. (C)She served as nurse for the army. (D)She set 300 slaves free.

Which of the following statements is true to the description about junior colleges? (A)Junior colleges grew from 1919 students to 70,000 in 1930. (B)In 1949, there were 180 private junior colleges affiliated with churches. (C)The rapid growth of community colleges is due to the demand for more non-profit independent institutions. (D)Teachers’ colleges are the community name for junior colleges.

How many times did Harriet return to the South between 1850 and 1860 to lead slaves to the North? (A)8 (B)12 (C)19 (D)150

Which is one of the factors that contributed to the rapid growth of community colleges in the United States? (A)It is a major new trend to include as many rural students as possible. (B)The purpose is to handle the explosive growth of K–12 education. (C)Parents and businessmen wanted nearby, low-cost schools in rural or small-town areas to provide trainingfor the growing white-collar labor force. (D)Many community colleges were located in the center of the fast-growing metropolis to provide moreadvanced technical jobs in the blue-collar sphere.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true about Harriet? (A)She helped her parents escape to freedom (B)She lived until 1913, and died at the age of 93 (C)She became a conductor on the Underground Railroad (D)She went to help the army of the South, the Confederate Army

Which of the following statistics is TRUE? (A)Before 1919, there were already more than 170 junior colleges. (B)In the 1920s, there were about 140 privately-operated junior colleges. (C)In 1949, there were totally 180 junior colleges with 108 independent non-profit. (D)The peak year for private community college expansion came at the year of 1922.

In what year did Harriet and a small band of soldiers carry out a raid against the Confederates? (A)1861 (B)1863 (C)1865 (D)1913

Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the text above? (A)Community colleges enrollment is vocationally limited. (B)Four-year college growth was affected by the open-enrollment policy of junior colleges. (C)Community colleges provide low-cost preparation for transfer students into four-year institutions. (D)Community colleges continue to appeal to young, less prepared students.

Which of the following best describes the tone of this passage? (A)Cynical (B)Accusing (C)Admiring (D)Humorous