公證人 114 年英文考古題

英譯中：請將下列這段英文譯成正確、流暢的中文（30 分） Fan behavior represents a complex interplay of psychological, social, and cultural factors. It encompasses a range of practices, including attending live events, consuming and promoting related media, and participating in online and offline communities. Such behaviors often foster a sense of belonging and collective identity, reinforcing social bonds among individuals with shared interests. From a sociocultural perspective, fandom can be seen as a site of meaning-making where fans actively construct and negotiate their identities. However, maladaptive fan behavior may include obsession, hostility toward rivals, or intrusions on public figures. As fandoms increasingly operate within digital spaces, scholars emphasize the need to examine how technological affordances amplify both positive engagement and problematic practices, with implications for cultural production and social dynamics.

中譯英：請將下列這段中文譯成正確、流暢的英文（30 分） 水資源短缺已成為影響數十億人口的全球性挑戰。氣候變遷、人口增 長及非永續的水資源管理等因素加劇了對這一關鍵資源的競爭。在許多 地區，清潔水的獲取依然受限，導致健康危機、糧食不安全，以及圍繞水 權的衝突。情況在乾旱和半乾旱地區尤為嚴峻，該些地區的乾旱發生頻率 和嚴重程度正不斷增加中。應對水資源短缺需要整合水資源管理、投資永 續基礎設施，並進行國際合作以確保公平分配。長期解決方案也須優先考 量生態系統保護和技術創新，包括水資源回收與海水淡化。

英文作文：請根據下列說明寫一篇約250-300 字的英文作文（40 分） Healthcare is often described as a fundamental human right; however, providing universal access to healthcare remains a challenge in many countries due to economic and political constraints. Write a short essay of 250–300 words to (1) discuss the reasons why healthcare is widely regarded as a basic human right, and (2) share your opinion on how nations can realistically balance this ideal with limited resources.