公證人 113 年英文考古題

英譯中：請將下面這段英文譯成正確、流暢的中文（30 分） In recent times, trivial lawsuits have surged, diverting attention from more significant matters. These cases often involve minor disputes, like traffic violations or contract disagreements, and are sometimes used for political motives, such as seeking revenge on political opponents or silencing outspoken individuals. Beyond straining court resources, these lawsuits diminish public trust in the judicial system. They reflect a societal shift where financial gain or misuse of legal measures replaces personal accountability, promoting litigation over practical resolution. This trend questions whether current laws provide excessive freedom for baseless claims, prompting the need for legal reforms to curb meaningless lawsuits while ensuring legitimate grievances receive due attention. Promoting responsible attitudes towards litigation can foster a fairer and more efficient legal environment.

請將下列英文翻譯為中文：（30 分） Legal education plays a crucial role in our democratic society based on the rule of law. A full and rich legal education ensures the quality of legal professionals. In Taiwan, since the beginning of this century, we have seen significant improvements in law teaching and learning, as well as the national examinations for different legal professionals. Nevertheless, the world is changing fast and technology is growing exponentially, it is important that law schools and teachers must adapt to the new environment. The use of advanced technology, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), to assist teaching is unavoidable. Law teachers should, through on-the-job training, understand the inner workings of AI in order to maximize its benefits.

中譯英：請將下面這段中文譯成正確、流暢的英文（30 分） 隨著人工智慧技術的快速發展，智慧財產權在AI 領域面臨前所未有的 挑戰。AI 與智慧財產權的關係主要體現在AI 生成內容的著作權歸屬、 AI 訓練數據的合法使用，以及AI 技術本身的專利保護。這些問題不僅 涉及法律，還關乎倫理和創新。 然而，現有的法律框架似乎難以完全應對AI 帶來的新挑戰。最突出的 問題是如何界定AI 生成內容的原創性和著作權。當一個AI 系統創作出 一幅畫作或一篇文章時，誰應該擁有這些作品的著作權？是AI 的開發 者、使用者，還是AI 本身？這些問題沒有簡單的答案，需要法律界、科 技界和社會各界共同探討，以建立適應AI 時代的新型智慧財產權體系。

請將以下中文翻譯為英文：（30 分） 所謂定型化契約，係指以一方當事人預先擬定之條款為内容而訂立之契約。 其特色在於，他方必須接受該條款，而無商量餘地。根據消費者保護法 第11 條至第17 條之1、金融消費者保護法第7 條及民法第247 條之1， 定型化契約應符合公平合理、平等互惠及誠實信用，始為有效。

英文作文：請根據下面說明寫一篇約250-300 字的英文作文（40 分） A data breach occurs when unauthorized individuals gain access to confidential or sensitive information stored electronically. This could include personal details like names, addresses, financial records, or even intellectual property. Data breaches can have profound consequences beyond immediate financial loss. Write a short essay of approximately 250-300 words to ⑴discuss the impacts of data breaches on individuals and society, and ⑵share methods that you find helpful to prevent data breaches and mitigate security risks.

英文作文：（40 分） What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a lease notarized? Please elucidate.