一般行政 106 年中華民國憲法與英文考古題

Though the human brain constitutes only 2 percent of an adult's body weight, it consumes a fifth of his orher energy. (A)metaphoric (B)metaphysical (C)metamorphic (D)metabolic

Even though Ted was tired and losing the game, he didn’t want to give up. He _____ and won the game in the end. (A)expounded (B)threatened (C)contemplated (D)persevered

Frost's friends stormed out of court, followed by police who tried to them from the court car park. (A)exempt (B)extort (C)disperse (D)distinguish

If credit card holders fail to meet their monthly payment deadline, they can _____ additional charges on the next statement. (A)incur (B)exert (C)attest (D)usher

The man was warned by the constable that he was liable to be arrested for if he persisted in seizing thepoliceman’s arm. (A)obstruction (B)obligation (C)oration (D)opposition

Laser eye surgeons and technicians must be properly trained to handle delicate instructments _____. (A)admittedly (B)gingerly (C)purportedly (D)suspiciously

Brenda loves the of the big city. She enjoys the crowds of people and likes to go to many shoppingdistricts. (A)hustle and bustle (B)surf and turf (C)rank and file (D)hook and ladder

The consumer group _____ a complaint against the marketers of a video product. (A)filed (B)contended (C)proved (D)judged

Colorful and vibrant Taiwanese opera performances are a common feature of the religious celebration heldin of Mazu's birthday. (A)attendance (B)encouragement (C)implication (D)observance請依下文回答第6 題至第10 題Bryan G can’t eat enough food to make himself grow. Poor nutrition makes him so tired he has no strength to playball or walk through an airport without a wheelchair. Bryan suffers from severe, chronic Crohn’s disease. Parts of hissmall intestine, usually half an inch 6 diameter, are so diseased they are only as wide as a piece of pencil lead.For Crohn’s victims, it is nearly impossible to digest and process food. Bryan’s disease is so severe he has recentlybeen 7 to receive a rare, experimental stem cell transplant. Stem cells are a basic kind of cell. They 8 thegrowth of more specific cells. Early experiments indicate that human organs and tissues can be grown from stem cells.The existence of stem cells was first recognized in the 1900s. European scientists realized that all kinds of blood cells,including red, white, and T cells, come from one kind of basic cell, the stem cell. In fact, most adult tissue containssome stem cells in it, 9 when tissue is injured, new cells can be generated. In 1998, researchers isolated andgrew stem cells. Such cells were capable of growing for a long time and differentiating into many kinds of cells.Stem cells used in research and surgery usually come from human embryos. Stem cells can be grown from adult tissue,but these stem cells do not seem to last for long, 10 develop into a wide variety of cell types. Thus most of thestem cells in use for research come from embryos or fetuses.

Scholars examine a range of _____ materials, including diaries, letters and books in order to reveal the mysteries of thedeceased writer. (A)archival (B)architectural (C)nocturnal (D)vernal

(A)at (B)in (C)on (D)with

You would never believe how much dust _____ the room when I first stepped in. (A)blanketed (B)beamed (C)initiated (D)illuminated

(A)adjusted (B)accorded (C)apprehended (D)approved

We ran out of _____ on the motorway, so we had to call for help. (A)parole (B)patrol (C)patio (D)petro

(A)bank on (B)lead to (C)refrain from (D)result from

When it comes to different opinions among team members, making a _____ in order to reach an agreement is never anoption for Jason because he’d always like to go his own way. (A)concession (B)probability (C)substitute (D)temptation

(A)arguably (B)due to (C)even through (D)so that

Steve presented what seemed to be a clear argument, but on closer examination it was actually full of _____. (A)ambiguities (B)regularities (C)logistics (D)reasons

(A)nor they can (B)nor can they (C)so they can (D)so can they請依下文回答第11 題至第15 題Where food is scarce and violence common, parents may try to cope by marrying their daughters off－usually to mucholder men－as soon as the girls enter puberty. But the marriages themselves can harm the young brides. Such unionsoften end girls’ educations and 11 significant health risks. Pregnancy is the number one cause of deathworldwide among girls between the ages of 15 and 19. And a child is statistically likely to be born within the first twoyears of marriage.The number of girls facing these risks is staggering. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 12 , 74 percent ofgirls aged 15 to 19 are married. In Nepal, 7 percent of girls are wedded before they turn 10. Throughout sub-SaharanAfrica girls’ and women’s chances of 13 HIV substantially increase after they marry.International human rights standards set the minimum age for marriage at 18. Many countries, though, permitindividuals under 18 to marry with 14 consent. Often child marriages occur without regard for 15 law.Still, Agrienne Germain, president of the International Women’s Health Coalition, which campaigns against earlymarriage, says a slow wave of change is building. “What you find today,” she says, “are older siblings－brothers aswell as sisters－standing up for the younger generation and standing against these practices.”

The supermarket manager has all produce tested for _____ agricultural chemicals to make sure that it is toxin-free. (A)residual (B)reflexive (C)refusal (D)resigned

(A)diminish (B)obviate (C)tackle (D)trigger

In what used to be a shantytown, the newly constructed high-rise Imperial Towers now loom _____ low-income apartments. (A)down (B)over (C)under (D)up

(A)to and fro (B)all at once (C)for instance (D)on the contrary

To produce perfume, the chemists search for flowers or fruits that have a _____ taste or smell-something that is unusualor different. (A)discrete (B)discrepant (C)distinctive (D)distinguished106年公務、關務人員升官等考試、106年交通事業鐵路、公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號：10120-1952030120-30520全一張（背面）等級 ：簡任類科（別） ：各類科－公務、各類別－關務科目 ：中華民國憲法與英文依下文回答第13 題至第15 題Some people are so smart and perceptive that they see 13 others cannot. They are quick, eloquent, analytical, andcan find 14 in any plan or situation. These people can contribute much to a project or a business plan. Unfortunately,they are also often lonely because most people like to be with people who are gentle and easy-going, who make themcomfortable. Just as extremely clean water cannot keep fish, extremely perceptive people cannot keep friends. Being a smartperson is not the same as being a pleasant person. It is your 15 , to be smart or to be pleasant.13 (A)what (B)why (C)how (D)which14 (A)diction (B)death (C)fiction (D)fault15 (A)free ticket (B)free meal (C)free will (D)free fall依下文回答第16 題至第20 題With the collapse of the Ming dynasty in 1644, China came under the rule of foreign invaders again. TheManchu 16 were essentially the same people as the Ruzhen who had established Jin dynasty in north China 500 yearsago. Despite their 17 origin, the Manchus had long admired China and adapted important aspects of the Ming imperialsystem in their new dynasty, the Qing dynasty. The Qing emperors were determined to be 18 legitimate rulersrather than resented as usurpers to the throne. In the face of domestic 19 , prolonged armed resistance, and Chineseantipathy toward invading “barbarians,” they managed to rule. They succeeded in 20 authority and revitalizing the state.Indeed, the Qing dynasty came to represent the most successful synthesis in Chinese history of Chinese and non-Chineseinstitutions, lasting nearly 300 years until the institution of imperial rule was overthrown by revolution in 1911.16 (A)councilors (B)conquerors (C)concubines (D)comrades17 (A)numeric (B)nomadic (C)nominal (D)narrative18 (A)accepted as (B)accepted of (C)accepted by (D)accepted to19 (A)terror (B)turmoil (C)terminal (D)turbo20 (A)retarding (B)restating (C)retaining (D)resolving依下文回答第21 題至第25 題The Greeks invented philosophy. The word itself comes from the Greek, meaning “love of wisdom.” From the sixthcentury B.C.E. until the fourth century B.C.E., Greek thinkers throughout the Hellenic world started addressing a wide range ofquestions about the nature of the universe and the meaning of life.It is a mystery why the Greeks, beginning around the sixth century B.C.E., were the first to pursue sustained philosophicalinquiry. But since they lacked palace bureaucracies or professional priests, no vested interests stood opposed to free speculationand observation. In addition, because literacy was widespread—owing to the simplified Greek alphabet—and because newmilitary tactics and governmental institutions gradually strengthened their ideals of equality, the Greeks came to believe thatthey were different from others, especially their Persian neighbors, and began ever more to speculate on the reasons for thedifferences. Finally, their relative indifference to material needs and the availability of leisure time offered the Greeksunprecedented opportunities for reflection.21What is the main idea of this passage? (A)It is about different meanings of the word “philosophy” in Greek. (B)It is about the meaning of the word“philosophy” and reasons why it began in Greece. (C)It is about how vested interests helped the (D)It is about how literacy and ideals of equality disting22What is the Greek meaning of the word “philosophy”? (A)love of life (B)love of Greek (C)love of wisdom (D)love of universe23Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined expression “addressing a wide range of questions”? (A)Speak directly to (B)Tackle a variety of situations and issues (C)Write about a variety of situations on an addressed envelope (D)Give a formal critique of a variety of problems24According to the passage, which of the following may NOT be included in the philosophical inquiry of the Greeks? (A)The meaningof life (B)The regularities of nature (C)The nature of the universe (D)The Greek alphabet25Which one of the following is a reason why the Greeks were able to invent philosophy? (A)They worriedmore about material needs and had less time to reflect. (B)Theysuffered from palace bureaucracies and professional priests who stood against free speculation. (C)The simplified Greek alphabe (D)Literacy and strengthened ideals of equality helped theact subjects.

(A)constraining (B)constricting (C)contracting (D)converting

(A)protracted (B)pensive (C)patented (D)parental

(A)stationary (B)stationery (C)statuary (D)statutory第16 題至第20 題為篇章結構題組，下列各題請依文意從四個選項中選出最合適者，答案選用不能重覆。Regenerative medicine is a field with big ambitions. It hopes, one day, to repair or replace worn-out hearts, livers,kidneys and other vital organs. Many people, though, would settle for a humbler repair—of their teeth.16 But if work by people such as David Mooney of Harvard University comes to fruition, the days of drill andfill may be numbered. Dr. Mooney and his team have found a surprising way to get dentine, the tissue that underlies atooth’s enamel coat, to repair itself. They do so by shining a laser beam at it.Regenerative medicine boils down to the intelligent manipulation of stem cells. A stem cell is one that has the capacityto split asymmetrically so that one remains a stem cell while the other gives birth to a line which proliferates anddifferentiates into many other sorts of cell. The most famous and controversial stem cells are those in earlyembryos. 17 Mature tissues such as dentine contain stem cells of more limited capacity, which keep up asupply of new specialized cells to replace old ones as they die.Dr. Mooney’s trick is to tickle dentine’s stem cells in a way that encourages them to proliferate and produce moredentine. 18 The light it shines creates chemically potent, oxygen-rich molecules such as hydrogen peroxidewhich go on to activate latent versions of molecules called transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1).19 This is a preliminary result, and it does not address the question of whether enamel might similarly berepaired. 20 Eventually, perhaps, dentists will approach cavities with lasers rather than drills—and the days offillings will be over.

(A)Dentistry has too much “drill and fill,” cutting away infected tissue and replacing with alien, artificialmaterials. (B)Dentistry is widely considered important for overall health. (C)The history of regenerative medicine is almost as ancient as the history of human civilization. (D)Dentistry usually encompasses very important practices related to the oral cavity.

(A)Enamel coats are distinguished from other cell types. (B)Regenerative medicine is important for living organisms for many reasons. (C)These can turn into any sort of body cell. (D)Laser beams offer new potentials for treating diseases such as diabetes and heart disease.

(A)Here lasers are used for alignment. (B)And that is where the laser comes in. (C)And that is why we need the light. (D)But how could they be encouraged?

(A)Dr.Mooney and his team have shown that this works in both tissue cultures and actual (rats’) teeth. (B)Dentry usually encompasses very important practices related to the oral cavity. (C)Laser beams offer new potentials for treating diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. (D)A host of clinical applications fail to promote restorative dentistry and regenerative medicine.

(A)But it is encouraging. (B)But it is discouraging. (C)But it subverts the previous results. (D)But it proves nothing.請依下文回答第21 題至第25 題There are certain things that are fundamental to human fulfillment. The essence of these needs is captured in the phrase“to live, to love, to learn, to leave a legacy.” The need to live is our physical need for such things as food, clothing,shelter, economic well-being, and health. The need to love is our social need to relate to other people, to belong, tolove, to be loved. The need to learn is our mental need to develop and to grow. And the need to leave a legacy is ourspiritual need to have a sense of meaning, purpose, personal congruence, and contribution. The importance of theseneeds has been recognized in the classic, philosophical, and religious literature that deals specifically with the art ofliving. If these basic needs aren’t met, we feel empty, incomplete. We may try to fill the void through addiction. Or wemay become temporarily satisfied with partial fulfillment. But whether or not we fully acknowledge or address theseneeds on a conscious level, deep inside we know they’re there. And they’re important. We can validate them throughthe experience of other people and through our combined experience that stretches around the globe and throughouttime.

The word “captured” in “The essence of these needs is captured in the phrase ‘to live, to love, to learn, to leave alegacy.”’ can best be replaced by the word . (A)hunted (B)summarized (C)trapped (D)determined

According to the passage, which of the following can be used as advice, when one pays too much attentionto physical need? (A)Do to others as you would like others do to you. (B)Learning something new everyday. (C)An apple a day keeps a doctor away. (D)You can't take the wealth with you when you die.

According to the passage, which of the following can help us leave a legacy? (A)Killing time by watching TV soft operas. (B)Attending workshops or charities as volunteers. (C)Having a good night sleep. (D)Eating at a good restaurant.

According to the article, what would people do if their fundamental needs are not met? (A)They may reject love. (B)They may use drugs. (C)They may ignore their needs. (D)They may fight with others.

According to the passage, which of the following is true? (A)We do not need to experience life since others have already done it. (B)Many experimental studies are needed to ensure trustworthiness of the four needs. (C)We can recognize the needs through ours and other people’s life experience. (D)There is no need to doubt since people around the world are exactly the same.